Goat feed additive based on dandelion compound preparation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a goat feed additive based on a dandelion compound preparation and a preparation method of the goat feed additive, and relates to the technical field of biology. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing dandelion powder, red caltrop root powder and negundo chastetree leaf powder, adding water, adjusting the water content to be 40-60wt%, and then performing sterilization treatment to obtain a sterilized mixture; inoculating acetobacter cacao freeze-dried powder and aspergillus usamii variant freeze-dried powder into the sterilized mixture, and carrying out solid fermentation; and after the fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the product to obtain the goat feed additive based on the dandelion compound preparation. The goat feed additive based on the dandelion compound preparation can significantly promote the growth of goats and improve the daily gain and growth efficiency of the goats; meanwhile, the oxidation resistance and the immune regulation function of the goats are enhanced, so that the overall health level of the goats is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biotechnology, and particularly to a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the rapid development of modern animal husbandry, how to improve the disease resistance of livestock and their digestion and absorption efficiency has become one of the key research areas. Traditional antibiotic feed additives have gradually been restricted or even prohibited due to their potential residue risks and drug resistance problems. Therefore, the development of natural, safe and efficient feed additives has become an inevitable trend in the industry.

[0003] Traditional Chinese medicine, as an important part of traditional medicine, has gradually become an important source for the research and development of new feed additives due to its rich bioactive ingredients and fewer side effects. In recent years, the development of microbial fermentation technology has opened up new ways for the research of traditional Chinese medicine feed additives. Through the fermentation treatment of specific microorganisms, the content of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be significantly increased, and their bioavailability can be improved. Although there are already some traditional Chinese medicine-based feed additive products on the market, they still have many deficiencies and cannot meet the needs of modern animal husbandry for efficient feed additives. Based on this, the present invention intends to develop a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation to improve the growth performance and overall health level of goats. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. This goat feed additive can significantly promote the growth of goats, improve their daily weight gain and growth efficiency; at the same time, enhance the antioxidant performance and immune regulation function of goats, and significantly improve the overall health level of goats.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

[0006] The present invention provides a preparation method of a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Mix dandelion powder, red water chestnut root powder and vitex negundo leaf powder, add water, adjust the water content to 40 - 60 wt%, and then perform sterilization treatment to obtain a sterilized mixture;

[0008] Inoculate freeze-dried powder of acetobacter cacaoi and freeze-dried powder of aspergillus usamii var. in the sterilized mixture, and perform solid fermentation;

[0009] After the fermentation is completed, dry and pulverize the product to obtain the goat feed additive based on the dandelion composite preparation;

[0010] The mass ratio of the dandelion powder, the red water chestnut root powder, and the vitex negundo leaf powder is (28 - 32):(4 - 6):(2 - 4).

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the dandelion powder, the red water chestnut root powder, and the vitex negundo leaf powder is 30:5:3.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature of the solid fermentation is 28 - 30 °C, and the time is 72 - 96 h.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature of the solid fermentation is 28 °C, and the time is 72 h.

[0014] Furthermore, the inoculation amounts of the acetobacter cacaoi freeze-dried powder and the aspergillus usamii var. freeze-dried powder are respectively 0.5 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the mass of the sterilized mixture.

[0015] The present invention also provides a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation prepared by the above preparation method.

[0016] The present invention also provides the application of the above goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation in goat feeding production.

[0017] The present invention also provides the application of the above goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation in the preparation of goat feed.

[0018] The present invention also provides a goat feed, the active ingredient of which includes the above goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation.

[0019] The present invention also provides the application of the above goat feed in goat feeding production.

[0020] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0021] The present invention has developed a goat feed additive based on a dandelion compound preparation and its preparation method. By selecting natural plant raw materials - dandelion, red water chestnut root, and vitex negundo leaf, it is made through steps such as pulverization, mixing, high-temperature sterilization, and solid fermentation. The invention gives full play to the synergistic effect of each component by combining the three of dandelion, red water chestnut root, and vitex negundo leaf, and combining the solid fermentation technology of acetobacter cacao and aspergillus usamii var. Dandelion is rich in flavonoids and polysaccharides, and has significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects, which can effectively scavenge free radicals in the body and reduce the inflammatory response; the tannins and volatile oils in red water chestnut root can promote gastrointestinal motility, enhance the digestive function of goats, and improve feed utilization rate; the unique volatile oils and flavonoids in vitex negundo leaf show significant antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. The experimental results show that this feed additive can effectively improve the daily weight gain and growth efficiency of goats, enhance its antioxidant performance and immunity, and significantly improve the overall health level, providing a new solution for green and healthy breeding. In addition, the preparation process of this feed additive is simple and the cost is low, which is suitable for large-scale popularization and application, providing a new way for green breeding. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a detection result diagram of total antioxidant capacity and IgG antibody level. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded within the range.

[0026] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention has been described only with respect to preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments of the description of the present invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the description of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The description and examples of the present invention are merely exemplary.

[0028] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in this article, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0029] Dandelion is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Its scientific name is Taraxacum officinale, and it is an important medicinal and edible plant. The leaves of the dandelion are pinnately divided with serrated edges, the flowers are bright yellow, and when mature, they turn into seed heads with white fluff, which are spread by the wind, and this is also the origin of its name "dandelion" - symbolizing freedom and dispersion. From a medicinal perspective, dandelion has multiple effects. Its roots, leaves, and flowers can all be used as medicine, containing rich vitamins, minerals, and various bioactive components such as flavonoids, polysaccharides, and organic acids. Dandelion has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment fields of clearing heat and detoxifying, dissipating swelling and nodules, and promoting diuresis and relieving stranguria. For example, in inflammatory diseases (such as mastitis) or digestive system problems (such as gastritis), dandelion is considered to play a good auxiliary role. In addition, dandelion is also a nutritious food ingredient. The young leaves can be used to make salads or cooked as vegetables; while dandelion tea has become one of the favorite drinks of many people, which helps to promote metabolism and enhance immunity. Due to its strong adaptability and easy cultivation, dandelion has occupied a place in modern healthy diets.

[0030] Red water chestnut root refers to the root part of the water chestnut plant, which belongs to the Trapaceae family and is commonly found in shallow water areas such as lakes and ponds. Water chestnuts are usually famous for their fruits, which have a unique shape, a hard outer skin, and contain edible seeds inside. However, in addition to the fruits, the roots of water chestnuts also have certain medicinal value. The main function of red water chestnut root is reflected in its effect of cooling blood and stopping bleeding. In traditional Chinese medicine theory, red water chestnut root is considered to be able to astringe and stop bleeding, and can be used to treat symptoms such as hematemesis and epistaxis. At the same time, it also has a certain effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, and is applicable to certain diseases related to heat toxins. Although the use frequency of red water chestnut root is relatively low, it still shows unique curative effects in specific situations.

[0031] Vitex negundo var. heterophylla leaf is derived from the Vitex negundo tree, which is a shrub plant belonging to the Verbenaceae family. The leaves of the Vitex negundo tree are dark green, oval or elliptical in shape, and have a relatively rough texture. Vitex negundo var. heterophylla leaf is not only a common traditional Chinese medicine, but also an important material in folk remedies. The main effects of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla leaf are concentrated in expelling wind and removing dampness, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. According to research, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla leaf contains a large amount of volatile oils and other chemical components, and these substances endow it with significant pharmacological effects. For example, when people have joint pain caused by rheumatism, they can relieve the symptoms by decocting Vitex negundo var. heterophylla leaf and applying it externally; in addition, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla leaf can also be used to treat cough, bronchitis and other problems, and achieve the purpose of soothing the respiratory tract by steaming and inhaling the steam.

[0032] Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology is an innovative process that combines traditional Chinese medicine theory with modern microbiology, aiming to improve the content of effective components of traditional Chinese medicine, change the properties of traditional Chinese medicine, or develop new therapeutic functions through the action of microorganisms. Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology specifically uses specific microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi or yeasts) to carry out biotransformation on traditional Chinese medicine materials or traditional Chinese medicine extracts. During this process, the enzymes produced by microbial metabolism can decompose complex compounds in traditional Chinese medicine to generate small molecule substances that are more easily absorbed by the human body, thereby improving the drug efficacy or developing new drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology has the following advantages: (1) Improving drug efficacy: The fermentation process can activate the originally inactive components in traditional Chinese medicine, making them more easily absorbed by the body. For example, after ginseng is fermented by Monascus purpureus, the content of ginsenosides increases significantly, and the anti-fatigue effect is better. (2) Reducing toxic and side effects: For some traditional Chinese medicines with toxicity (such as Aristolochic acid-containing medicinal materials), fermentation can reduce their toxicity by decomposing toxins through microorganisms. At the same time, fermentation can also change the bitter and cold properties of some traditional Chinese medicines, making them more suitable for long-term use. (3) Developing new drugs: Fermentation technology provides new ideas for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine. By screening specific strains and optimizing fermentation conditions, traditional Chinese medicine preparations with brand-new effects can be created. (4) Environmental protection and sustainability: Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology reduces the organic solvents used in the chemical extraction process, reduces the risk of environmental pollution, and conforms to the concept of green development.

[0033] In the following examples, Acetobacter fabarum, Acetobacter pasteurianus, and Aspergillus usamii var. used were purchased from the China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), and the strain numbers were CICC 10883, CICC 21874, and CICC 40448, respectively.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A preparation method of a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation:

[0036] (1) After separately pulverizing dandelion, water chestnut root, and vitex negundo leaves, pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion powder, water chestnut root powder, and vitex negundo leaf powder.

[0037] (2) Mix 30 g of dandelion powder, 5 g of water chestnut root powder, and 3 g of vitex negundo leaf powder, add water, adjust the water content to 60 wt%, and then perform high-temperature sterilization at 120 °C for 15 min to obtain a sterilized mixture.

[0038] (3) Inoculate the sterilized mixture with the freeze-dried bacterial powders of Acetobacter fabarum and Aspergillus usamii var., and carry out solid fermentation at 28 °C for 72 h. Among them, the inoculation amounts of the freeze-dried bacterial powders of Acetobacter fabarum and Aspergillus usamii var. are 0.5 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the mass of the sterilized mixture, respectively.

[0039] (4) After the fermentation is completed, dry the product at 80 °C and then pulverize it to obtain a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A preparation method of a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation:

[0042] (1) After separately pulverizing dandelion, water chestnut root, and vitex negundo leaves, pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion powder, water chestnut root powder, and vitex negundo leaf powder.

[0043] (2) Mix 32 g of dandelion powder, 4 g of water chestnut root powder, and g of vitex negundo leaf powder, add water, adjust the water content to 50 wt%, and then perform high-temperature sterilization at 120 °C for 15 min to obtain a sterilized mixture.

[0044] (3) Inoculate the sterilized mixture with the freeze-dried bacterial powders of Acetobacter fabarum and Aspergillus usamii var., and carry out solid fermentation at 29 °C for 80 h. Among them, the inoculation amounts of the freeze-dried bacterial powders of Acetobacter fabarum and Aspergillus usamii var. are 0.5 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the mass of the sterilized mixture, respectively.

[0045] (4) After the fermentation is completed, the product is dried at 80 °C and then pulverized to obtain a goat feed additive based on the dandelion compound preparation.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A preparation method of a goat feed additive based on a dandelion compound preparation:

[0048] (1) After separately pulverizing dandelion, water chestnut root and vitex negundo leaf, they are sieved through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain dandelion powder, water chestnut root powder and vitex negundo leaf powder.

[0049] (2) After mixing 28 g of dandelion powder, 6 g of water chestnut root powder and 2 g of vitex negundo leaf powder, water is added to adjust the water content to 40 wt%, and then it is sterilized at 120 °C for 15 min to obtain a sterilized mixture.

[0050] (3) The freeze-dried bacterial powder of acetobacter cacaoi and aspergillus usamii var. is inoculated into the sterilized mixture, and solid fermentation is carried out at 30 °C for 96 h. Among them, the inoculation amounts of the freeze-dried bacterial powder of acetobacter cacaoi and aspergillus usamii var. are 0.5 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the mass of the sterilized mixture respectively.

[0051] (4) After the fermentation is completed, the product is dried at 80 °C and then pulverized to obtain a goat feed additive based on the dandelion compound preparation.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Same as Example 1, the only difference is that acetobacter pasteurianus is used instead of acetobacter cacaoi.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] Same as Example 1, the only difference is that the water chestnut root powder is removed.

[0056] Comparative Example 3

[0057] Same as Example 1, the only difference is that the vitex negundo leaf powder is removed.

[0058] Effect Verification Example 1

[0059] I. Test method

[0060] 1. Test grouping

[0061] Fifty 3-month-old Boer goats with good body condition and body weight in the range of 30 ± 1 kg are randomly divided into 5 groups, with 10 goats in each group, and a feeding test is carried out for 65 days. The control group is fed the basal diet normally (see Table 1), and the test groups are respectively added with 0.5 g / kg (relative to the basal diet) of the feed additive. See Table 2 for details.

[0062] Goats in each group had free access to water and were fed twice a day (at 08:00 and 18:00). The sheep pens had natural ventilation, and the pens were kept clean. The appetite, mental state, diarrhea, etc. of the sheep were observed and recorded at any time. During the experiment, immunization and deworming were carried out according to the conventional immunization program on the farm.

[0063] Table 1 Basic diet formula for goats

[0064] Raw materials Parts by mass Alfalfa 40 Corn straw 10 Corn flour 15 Soybean meal powder 10 Wheat bran 5 Shell powder 2 Calcium hydrogen phosphate 1 Salt 0.5 Premix 1

[0065] Note: Each kilogram of premix contains: 800 mg of ferrous sulfate, 200 mg of copper sulfate, 600 mg of zinc sulfate, 500 mg of manganese sulfate, 20 mg of potassium iodide, 140,000 U of vitamin A, 37,500 U of vitamin D3, 375 mg of vitamin E, 25 mg of vitamin K3, 5 mg of vitamin B1, 25 mg of vitamin B6, 75 mg of riboflavin, 0.28 mg of vitamin B12, 300 mg of niacin, 200 mg of pantothenic acid, 15 mg of folic acid, and 1.5 mg of biotin.

[0066] Table 2 Experimental grouping

[0067] Group Feed Control group Basal diet Experimental group 1 Basal diet + 0.5 g / kg of the goat feed additive prepared in Example 1 Experimental group 2 Basal diet + 0.5 g / kg of the goat feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 1 Experimental group 3 Basal diet + 0.5 g / kg of the goat feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 2 Experimental group 4 Basal diet + 0.5 g / kg of the goat feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 3

[0068] 2. Index detection

[0069] At the start of the experiment, the initial weight was recorded. On the 65th day of the experiment, the animals were weighed on an empty stomach in the morning, and the average daily gain was calculated. The daily feed intake and the remaining feed amount were recorded every day. Samples of the feed and the remaining feed were collected to measure the dry matter, and the dry matter intake and the feed conversion efficiency were calculated.

[0070] On the 65th day of the experiment, before the morning feeding, jugular venous blood samples were collected from the experimental goats using vacuum blood collection tubes. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and IgG antibody levels of the blood samples were detected.

[0071] II. Experimental results

[0072] 1. Detection results of production performance indicators

[0073] The detection results of the production performance indicators of the control group and each experimental group are shown in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, there was no significant difference in the initial weights of the goats in each treatment group. The average daily gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of experimental group 1 were significantly higher than those of the other groups. FCR is a core indicator for evaluating the growth efficiency of animals and the feed use efficiency, and it directly reflects the amount of feed required to produce a unit weight of animal products. The lower the FCR, the higher the growth efficiency of the animal. Thus, it can be seen that adding the goat feed additive prepared by the present invention to the feed can effectively promote the growth of goats.

[0074] Table 3 Detection results of production performance indicators

[0075]

[0076] 2. Detection results of total antioxidant capacity and IgG antibody level

[0077] The detection results of total antioxidant capacity and IgG antibody level of the control group and each experimental group are shown in Figure 1 . The results showed that both the T-AOC and IgG antibody levels in experimental group 1 were significantly higher than those in the control group and the other three experimental groups. This indicates that adding the goat feed additive prepared by the present invention to the feed can effectively improve the antioxidant performance and immunity of goats, thus being beneficial to maintaining the health level of goats.

[0078] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: After mixing dandelion powder, red water chestnut root powder and vitex negundo leaf powder, add water to adjust the water content to 40 - 60wt%, and then carry out sterilization treatment to obtain the sterilized mixture; Inoculate freeze-dried powder of acetobacter cacaoi and freeze-dried powder of aspergillus usamii var. in the sterilized mixture and carry out solid-state fermentation; After the fermentation ends, dry and crush the product to obtain the goat feed additive based on the dandelion composite preparation; The mass ratio of the dandelion powder, the red water chestnut root powder and the vitex negundo leaf powder is (28 - 32):(4 - 6):(2 - 4).

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the dandelion powder, the red water chestnut root powder and the vitex negundo leaf powder is 30:5:

3.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the solid-state fermentation is 28 - 30°C and the time is 72 - 96h.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature of the solid-state fermentation is 28°C and the time is 72h.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inoculation amounts of the freeze-dried powder of acetobacter cacaoi and the freeze-dried powder of aspergillus usamii var. are 0.5wt% and 0.3wt% of the mass of the sterilized mixture respectively.

6. A goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 - 5.

7. An application of the goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation as claimed in claim 6 in goat feeding production.

8. An application of the goat feed additive based on a dandelion composite preparation as claimed in claim 6 in the preparation of goat feed.

9. A goat feed, characterized in that, The active ingredient includes the goat feed additive based on the dandelion composite preparation as claimed in claim 6.

10. An application of the goat feed as claimed in claim 9 in goat feeding production.

Images