Feed additive containing radix angelicae pubescentis extract, broiler feed and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive containing a radix angelicae pubescentis extract, a broiler feed as well as a preparation method and application of the broiler feed. The feed additive contains the radix angelicae pubescentis extract, so that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation capacities of organisms can be remarkably improved, the growth performance of broilers can be improved, the feed conversion ratio of the broilers can be reduced, and the economic benefits of breeding can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of feed additives and feed, in particular to a feed additive containing a angelica dahurica extract, a broiler feed, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of my country's animal husbandry has provided the society with abundant protein foods such as meat, eggs, and milk, and people's living standards have been significantly improved. Since 2019, the overall production capacity of broilers in my country has remained at a very high level, but there are also some problems. For example, the number of commercial broilers in stock has been fluctuating greatly; the price of chicken has also been affected by factors such as cost, supply and demand, and industrial chain, and has fluctuated greatly; the price of feed has also continued to rise; it has had a certain impact on the benefits of broiler farming. In the long run, there is still room for improvement in broiler farming.

[0003] In China, the broiler industry widely adopts intensive breeding models to pursue rapid growth and high market rates. However, broilers generally face problems such as abnormal muscle development, insufficient bone strength, excessive metabolic burden, severe oxidative stress, and frequent intestinal diseases during short-term high-intensity fattening. These problems lead to fluctuations in broiler growth performance, reduced feed conversion efficiency, and increased mortality rates, which ultimately lead to unstable chicken quality, increased risk of drug residues, and rising breeding costs. This not only restricts the sustainable development of my country's broiler industry, but also poses a challenge to food safety.

[0004] Due to the rapid growth and high metabolism of broilers, the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the body is significantly higher than the clearance capacity of the antioxidant defense system, resulting in cell membrane lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein dysfunction, making oxidative stress and chronic inflammation common in intensive broiler farming. Studies have shown that the antioxidant capacity of broilers is mainly dominated by the liver, which regulates the synthesis of key antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) through the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) / antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory mechanism depends on the inhibition of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway, maintaining immune homeostasis by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Intestinal barrier function is closely related to the expression of anti-inflammatory mediator interleukin-10 (IL-10). At present, the imbalance of the antioxidant-anti-inflammatory system has become an important bottleneck restricting the growth performance, slaughter traits and food safety of broilers.

[0005] Angelica dahurica Angelicae Pubescentis RadixIt can be used as a natural medicine. Its main active ingredients are coumarins and volatile oils, and it has a variety of pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that components such as osthole and columbianadin in Angelica pubescens have significant anti-tumor, analgesic and other effects. In addition, Angelica pubescens also has the potential to treat Alzheimer's disease and can play a neuroprotective role by regulating multiple signaling pathways. With the development of modern medical technology, Angelica pubescens has broad application prospects.

[0006] At present, there is no report on whether the extract of Angelica pubescens can improve the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of broilers. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct research on new applications of the extract of Angelica pubescens. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One object of the present invention is to provide a feed additive aiming at the above technical problems to be solved. It can improve the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of broilers, optimize the feed conversion rate of broilers, regulate the immune balance and enhance the antioxidant function, effectively reduce the breeding cost and reduce the risk of inflammatory diseases.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a broiler feed containing the above feed additive.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the feed additive.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the feed additive.

[0011] In order to achieve the above invention objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0012] On the one hand, the present invention provides a feed additive containing an extract of Angelica pubescens, which includes the extract of Angelica pubescens, and the extract of Angelica pubescens is an extract of Angelica pubescens flower seeds and leaves or an extract of Angelica pubescens stems or a combination of the two.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a broiler feed, which includes a basic feed and the feed additive. Preferably, the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens is 200 to 600 mg of the extract of Angelica pubescens per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0014] Preferably, the premix accounts for 0.3-0.4% of the total weight of the basic feed.

[0015] Preferably, the basic feed includes the following components by weight: 50.94-55.77% corn, 38.01-33.06% soybean meal, 6.25-7.00% soybean oil, 0.34-0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20-0.23% threonine, 1.88-2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85-0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, 0.30-0.40% premix.

[0016] Preferably, the basal feed comprises the following components by weight: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, 0.40% premix. This basal feed is suitable for the early growth stage of broiler chickens.

[0017] The basal feed comprises the following components by weight: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, 0.30% premix. This basal feed is suitable for the late growth stage of broiler chickens.

[0018] Preferably, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, nicotinic acid 50 mg per kilogram of basal feed.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising: Mix Heracleum vicinum seed leaves and / or Heracleum vicinum stems with 20% v / v anhydrous ethanol at a weight ratio of 1:8, and perform hot reflux extraction twice. Among them, the first extraction is for 3 hours, filter to obtain the first extraction solution, mix the filter residue with 20% v / v anhydrous ethanol at a weight ratio of 1:8, perform the second extraction, the second extraction is for 2 hours, filter to obtain the second extraction solution, then combine the two extraction solutions, filter again, concentrate, spray dry, cool to room temperature, and pulverize to obtain the Heracleum vicinum seed leaf extract and / or Heracleum vicinum stem extract.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of the feed additive or the broiler feed for reducing the feed-to-meat ratio of broiler chickens.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of the feed additive or the broiler feed for improving the anti-inflammatory ability of broiler chickens.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of the feed additive or the broiler feed for improving the antioxidant ability of broiler chickens.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the application of Heracleum extract (i.e., Heracleum vicinum seed leaf / stem extract) in the preparation of a feed additive for reducing the feed-to-meat ratio of broiler chickens.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the use of Heracleum moellendorffii extract in the preparation of a feed additive for improving the anti-inflammatory ability of broilers.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the use of Heracleum moellendorffii extract in the preparation of a feed additive for improving the antioxidant ability of broilers.

[0026] The present invention provides Heracleum moellendorffii flower seed leaf / stem extract as a feed additive, which can improve the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of broilers by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and simultaneously activating the antioxidant system in a dose-dependent manner to increase the T-AOC level / enhance GSH-Px, thereby improving the production performance and breeding economic benefits of broilers. In addition, the broiler feed is simple to prepare and convenient for batch production, can effectively improve the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of broilers, optimize the feed conversion rate of broilers, regulate the immune balance and enhance the antioxidant function, effectively reduce the breeding cost and reduce the risk of inflammatory diseases. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is an analysis diagram of the influence of the feed additive of the present invention on the feed-to-meat ratio of white - feather broilers.

[0028] Figure 2 It is an analysis diagram of the influence of the feed additive of the present invention on the serum inflammatory factor level of white - feather broilers at 21 days of age.

[0029] Figure 3 It is an analysis diagram of the influence of the feed additive of the present invention on the serum inflammatory factor level of white - feather broilers at 42 days of age.

[0030] Figure 4 It is an analysis diagram of the influence of the feed additive of the present invention on the serum antioxidant level of white - feather broilers at 21 days of age.

[0031] Figure 5 It is an analysis diagram of the influence of the feed additive of the present invention on the serum antioxidant level of white - feather broilers at 42 days of age.

[0032] In the figure: Different letters indicate significant differences between different treatment groups (P < 0.05). Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The following are further descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] The corn, soybean meal, soybean oil, lysine, methionine, threonine, calcium hydrogen phosphate, limestone, salt, and vitamins used in the present invention are all conventional commercially available products, and the dried Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaves / stems raw materials are provided by Guangdong Yutong Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0035] In this article, Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaves refer to the flowers, seeds, and leaves of the plant Heracleum moellendorffii Hance ( Angelicae Pubescentis Radix ). Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stems refer to the stems of the plant Heracleum moellendorffii Hance.

[0036] The Heracleum moellendorffii Hance extract, also known as Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf / stem extract, refers to Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf extract and / or Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract, that is, Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf extract or Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract or a combination of the two.

[0037] The preparation method of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf / stem extract is as follows: Mix the dried Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaves and / or Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stems with 20% v / v anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:8 and perform hot reflux extraction twice. Among them, the first extraction is for 3 hours, filtered with a 100-mesh filter plate (pore size 0.15 mm) to obtain the first extraction solution. The filter residue is mixed with 20% v / v anhydrous ethanol in a weight ratio of 1:8 for the second extraction. The second extraction is for 2 hours and filtered with a 100-mesh filter plate to obtain the second extraction solution; then, the two extraction solutions are combined and filtered again with a 100-mesh filter plate, and after filtration, it is concentrated to a specific gravity of not less than 1.1; after continuous concentration, it enters the spray tower for spray drying (inlet temperature 195 °C, outlet temperature 95 °C), spray dried to 60 - 70 °C, naturally cooled to room temperature, and pulverized to 0.25 mm to obtain the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf / stem extract.

[0038] The Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf / stem extract is a yellowish-brown powdery solid with an average particle size of about 0.25 mm.

[0039] This Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf / stem extract can be added to livestock and poultry feed as a feed additive, such as but not limited to broiler feed.

[0040] Control example A kind of broiler feed is composed of a basal diet and a premix.

[0041] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: the early-stage basal diet (suitable for the early growth stage of 1 - 21 days) and the late-stage feed (suitable for the late growth stage of 22 - 42 days).

[0042] By weight percentage, the early-stage basal diet includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone, 0.30% salt, 0.40% premix.

[0043] In the early-stage basal diet, the premix provides 8 mg of Cu, 80 mg of Fe, 100 mg of Mn, 0.15 mg of Se, 0.35 mg of I, 12,500 IU of VA, 2,500 IU of VD3, 18.75 mg of VE, 2.65 mg of VK3, 2 mg of VB1, 6 mg of VB2, 6 mg of VB6, 0.025 mg of VB12, 0.0325 mg of biotin, 1.25 mg of folic acid, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, and 50 mg of niacin per kilogram of the basal diet.

[0044] By weight percentage, the late-stage basal diet includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.30% premix.

[0045] In the late-stage basal diet, the premix provides 8 mg of Cu, 80 mg of Fe, 100 mg of Mn, 0.15 mg of Se, 0.35 mg of I, 12,500 IU of VA, 2,500 IU of VD3, 18.75 mg of VE, 2.65 mg of VK3, 2 mg of VB1, 6 mg of VB2, 6 mg of VB6, 0.025 mg of VB12, 0.0325 mg of biotin, 1.25 mg of folic acid, 12 mg of pantothenic acid, and 50 mg of niacin per kilogram of the basal diet.

[0046] The preparation method of this broiler feed is as follows: Stir and mix all components evenly to obtain it.

[0047] The composition and nutritional level of the broiler feed in this control example are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1. Broiler feed formula in the control example

[0049] 1 The nutritional level is a calculated value. Example 1 A broiler feed consists of a basal feed and an extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels seeds and leaves.

[0050] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: an early-stage basal feed (suitable for the early growth stage from 1 to 21 days) and a late-stage basal feed (suitable for the late growth stage from 22 to 42 days).

[0051] By weight percentage, the early-stage basic feed includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.40% premix. The extract of Heracleum acmopodium leaves and seeds is added to the early-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Heracleum acmopodium leaves and seeds is 200 mg / Kg of the early-stage basic feed.

[0052] In the early-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0053] By weight percentage, the late-stage feed includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.30% premix. The extract of Heracleum acmopodium leaves and seeds is added to the late-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Heracleum acmopodium leaves and seeds is 200 mg / Kg of the early-stage basic feed.

[0054] In the late-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed. The preparation method of this broiler feed is as follows: Mix the premix and the extract of Heracleum acmopodium leaves and seeds evenly, and then add other components and mix evenly.

[0055] Example 2 A broiler feed consists of a basic feed and an extract of Heracleum acmopodium leaves and seeds.

[0056] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: early-stage basic feed (suitable for the early growth stage of 1 - 21 days) and late-stage basic feed (suitable for the late growth stage of 22 - 42 days).

[0057] By weight percentage, the early-stage feed includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.40% premix. The extract of Heracleum acaule seed leaves is added to the early-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Heracleum acaule seed leaves is 400 mg / Kg of the early-stage basic feed.

[0058] In the early-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0059] By weight percentage, the late-stage feed includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.30% premix. The extract of Heracleum acaule seed leaves is added to the late-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Heracleum acaule seed leaves is 400 mg / Kg of the late-stage basic feed.

[0060] In the late-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed. The preparation method of the broiler feed in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0061] Example 3 A broiler feed consists of a basic feed and an extract of Heracleum acaule seed leaves.

[0062] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: early-stage basic feed (suitable for the early growth stage of 1 - 21 days) and late-stage basic feed (suitable for the late growth stage of 22 - 42 days).

[0063] By weight percentage, the early-stage feed includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.40% premix. Heracleum acmopodium Pall. seed leaf extract is added to the early-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of Heracleum acmopodium Pall. seed leaf extract is 600 mg / Kg of the early-stage basic feed.

[0064] In the early-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and nicotinic acid 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0065] By weight percentage, the late-stage feed includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, and 0.30% premix. Heracleum acmopodium Pall. seed leaf extract is added to the late-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of Heracleum acmopodium Pall. seed leaf extract is 600 mg / Kg of the late-stage basic feed.

[0066] In the late-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and nicotinic acid 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0067] The preparation method of the broiler feed in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0068] Example 4 A broiler feed consists of a basic feed and Heracleum acmopodium Pall. seed leaf extract.

[0069] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: early-stage basic feed (suitable for the early growth stage of 1 - 21 days) and late-stage basic feed (suitable for the late growth stage of 22 - 42 days).

[0070] By weight percentage, the early-stage feed includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% salt, and 0.40% premix. The extract of Angelica pubescens stems is added to the early-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens stems is 200 mg / Kg of the early-stage basic feed.

[0071] In the early-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and nicotinic acid 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0072] By weight percentage, the late-stage feed includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% salt, and 0.30% premix. The extract of Angelica pubescens stems is added to the late-stage basic feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens stems is 200 mg / Kg of the late-stage basic feed.

[0073] In the late-stage basic feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and nicotinic acid 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

[0074] The preparation method of the broiler feed is as follows: Mix the premix and the extract of Angelica pubescens stems evenly, and then add other components and mix evenly.

[0075] Example 5 A broiler feed consists of a basic feed and an extract of Angelica pubescens flower seeds and leaves.

[0076] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: early-stage basic feed (suitable for the early growth stage of 1 - 21 days) and late-stage basic feed (suitable for the late growth stage of 22 - 42 days).

[0077] By weight percentage, the starter feed includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% salt, and 0.40% premix. The extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan stalks is added to the starter basal feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan stalks is 400 mg / Kg of the starter basal feed.

[0078] In the starter basal feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basal feed.

[0079] By weight percentage, the finisher feed includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% salt, and 0.30% premix. The extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan stalks is added to the finisher basal feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan stalks is 400 mg / Kg of the finisher basal feed.

[0080] In the finisher basal feed, the premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, and niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basal feed. The preparation method of the broiler feed in this example is the same as that in Example 4.

[0081] Example 6 A broiler feed is composed of a basal feed and an extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan flower and leaf.

[0082] According to the feeding stage, two kinds of broiler feeds are prepared: a starter basal feed (suitable for the early growth stage of 1 - 21 days) and a finisher basal feed (suitable for the late growth stage of 22 - 42 days).

[0083] By weight percentage, the starter feed includes: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% salt, 0.40% premix. The extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Thumb. stem was added to the starter basal feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Thumb. stem was 600 mg / Kg of the starter basal feed.

[0084] In the starter basal feed, the premix provided Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, niacin 50 mg per kilogram of basal feed.

[0085] By weight percentage, the finisher feed includes: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% salt, 0.30% premix. The extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Thumb. stem was added to the finisher basal feed, and the addition amount of the extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Thumb. stem was 600 mg / Kg of the finisher basal feed.

[0086] In the finisher basal feed, the premix provided Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, niacin 50 mg per kilogram of basal feed. The preparation method of the broiler feed in this example is the same as that in Example 4.

[0087] Analysis experiment on the effects of the broiler feeds of the control example and Examples 1 - 6 on white - feather broilers 1. Daily management In order to verify the anti - inflammatory and antioxidant effects of adding different contents of the extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Thumb. flower seed leaf / stem to the conventional broiler feed, the experiment was divided into 7 groups. The control group used the broiler feed in the control example, and the experimental groups used the broiler feeds containing the extract of Angelica pubescens Maxim. Thumb. flower seed leaf / stem in Examples 1 - 6 for the feeding experiment. The experimental chickens were group - fed, with free access to food and water. They were fed 3 times a day at 9:00, 16:00, and 23:00.

[0088] 2. Experimental scheme A total of 504 one-day-old white - feather broilers with uniform body weight and good health status were selected and randomly divided into 7 groups, with 6 replicates in each group and 12 broilers in each replicate. The experimental period was 42 days. The feeding management and immunization program of white - feather broilers were referred to during the experiment. The ventilation was good, and the broilers had free access to water and feed. The broilers were fed with pre - feeding feed from 1 to 21 days and post - feeding feed from 21 to 42 days. At the end of each period, one chicken close to the average body weight was selected from each replicate for wing - vein blood collection to collect serum samples.

[0089] 3. Index determination 3.1 Production performance At 21 - day - old and 42 - day - old respectively, the whole replicates were weighed as a unit, the weight of the remaining feed was weighed, the number of dead chickens was recorded, and the average body weight, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed - to - gain ratio (F / G) of each replicate in the early growth period (1 - 21 d), late growth period (21 - 42 d) and whole growth period (1 - 42 d) were calculated.

[0090] Average daily feed intake (ADFI)=(total feed amount - remaining feed) / (number of experimental chickens×experimental days) Average daily gain (ADG)=(total final weight - initial total weight) / (experimental days×number of experimental chickens) Feed - to - gain ratio (F / G)=average daily feed intake / average daily gain 3.2 Serum inflammatory factor indexes At 21 - day - old and 42 - day - old respectively, one chicken close to the average body weight was selected from each replicate for wing - vein blood collection, and the serum was obtained by centrifugation at 3000 r / min for 15 min.

[0091] The tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF - α) (product number: YJ - 03366), interleukin - 1β (IL - 1β) (product number: YJ - 69852), interleukin - 2 (IL - 2) (product number: YJ - 12669), interleukin - 4 (IL - 6) (product number: YJ - 98556), interleukin - 10 (IL - 10) (product number: YJ - 28698) in the serum samples were measured using Elisa kits. All the kits were purchased from Shanghai Yuanju Biotechnology Center.

[0092] 3.3 Serum antioxidant indexes At 21 - day - old and 42 - day - old respectively, one chicken close to the average body weight was selected from each replicate for wing - vein blood collection, and the serum was obtained by centrifugation at 3000 r / min for 15 min.

[0093] The malondialdehyde (MDA) (product number: A003-1-2) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (product number: A015-3-1), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (product number: A001-3-2), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) (product number: A005-1-2) in serum samples were measured using an antioxidant kit, and the kits were all purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute.

[0094] 4. Test Results 4.1 Analysis of Growth Performance Test Results Table 2. Analysis of the growth performance of white - feather broilers fed with broiler feed supplemented with different amounts of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower - seed leaf / rod extract

[0095] Note: Different letters marked in the same column of the above table indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), and the same applies to the following tables.

[0096] Combined with Table 2 and Figure 1 It can be seen that compared with the control group (CON), the feed conversion ratio (F / G) from 1 to 21 days in the group with 200 g / t of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower - seed leaf extract (H200) was significantly reduced (P < 0.001), and the F / G values in the groups with 200 g / t (G200), 400 g / t (G400), and 600 g / t (G600) of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance rod extract were also significantly improved (P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the feed conversion ratio and average daily feed intake in the whole period from 1 to 42 days in the group with 200 g / t of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower - seed leaf extract (H200) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). In addition, the group with 600 g / t of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance rod extract (G600) significantly reduced the average daily feed intake from 1 to 21 days (P < 0.05) and showed a lower F / G value in the whole period (P < 0.05). In summary, it shows that Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower - seed leaf extract and Heracleum moellendorffii Hance rod extract mainly improve production efficiency by optimizing the feed conversion ratio (F / G), rather than promoting growth to achieve production optimization.

[0097] 1.1.4.2 Analysis of Serum Inflammatory Factor Results Table 3. Results of serum inflammatory factors of white - feather broilers fed with broiler feed supplemented with different amounts of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower - seed leaf / rod extract

[0098] Combined with Table 3, Figure 2 and Figure 3It can be seen that, compared with the control group (CON), the levels of the pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β in the groups with 200 g / t (H200), 400 g / t (H400) and 600 g / t (H600) of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf extract were significantly decreased in the later stage (P<0.05), and the expression of TNF-α was inhibited (P<0.05); the groups with 400 g / t (G400) and 600 g / t (G600) of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract also significantly decreased IL-1β (P<0.05), but the TNF-α level in the group with 600 g / t (G600) of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract was significantly increased (P<0.01). In addition, the group with 400 g / t (G400) of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract significantly increased the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 (P<0.05) and increased the level of IL-4 (P<0.05), while the level of IL-4 in the group with 200 g / t (G200) of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results show that the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf extract at 200 - 600 g / t exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting IL-1β and TNF-α, while the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract at 400 g / t may maintain immune balance by synergistically regulating the decrease of IL-1β and the increase of IL-4 and IL-10; although the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract at 600 g / t inhibits IL-1β, its potential pro-inflammatory risk may be indicated by the abnormal increase of TNF-α, reflecting the dose-specific effect. The Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf extract and the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract show the potential of immune regulation by differentially regulating the inflammatory factor network.

[0099] 1.1.4.3 Analysis of serum antioxidant results Table 4. Serum antioxidant results of white - feather broilers fed with broiler feed supplemented with different amounts of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower seed leaf / stem extract

[0100] Combined with Table 4, Figure 4 and Figure 5It can be seen that, compared with the control group (CON), the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly increased in the group with 600 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract (H600) in the early stage (P<0.01), while the group with 600 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract (G600) further maintained a higher T-AOC level in the later stage (P<0.05); the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) was significantly enhanced in the group with 400 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract (G400) in the later stage (P<0.05). However, the T-AOC was significantly decreased in the group with 200 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract (H200) and the group with 400 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract (G400) in the later stage (P<0.01), suggesting that low doses or specific components may inhibit the antioxidant function. Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract and Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract had no significant effects on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (P>0.05). The results showed that the Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract at 600 g / t and the Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract at 400 - 600 g / t improved the antioxidant status by regulating T-AOC and GSH-PX, but the effects were regulated by dose and period. The high-dose Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract (600 g / t) may exhibit better antioxidant potential due to the characteristics of its components in the later stage.

[0101] Compared with traditional broiler feeds, the broiler feed added with Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf / stem extract in the present invention can efficiently promote the synthesis of yolk precursors, significantly improve the lipid metabolism of broilers in the late laying period, and further alleviate the phenomenon of reduced egg production rate of broilers in the late laying period.

[0102] Combined with the above experimental results, in terms of production performance, the Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract (200 g / t) and the stem extract (400 - 600 g / t) improved the efficiency by significantly reducing the feed-to-gain ratio (F / G). Among them, the group with Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract continuously optimized the feed efficiency from 1 to 21 days and throughout the whole period. The group with 600 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract reached the lowest F / G value throughout the whole period, and neither of them relied on the increase in feed intake, indicating that they achieved production optimization by enhancing metabolic efficiency rather than stimulating appetite.

[0103] Immunomodulation showed dose specificity: the Heracleum vicinum Boiss. flower and seed leaf extract (200 - 600 g / t) exerted a stable anti-inflammatory effect by synergistically inhibiting IL-1β and TNF-α, while the group with 400 g / t of Heracleum vicinum Boiss. stem extract maintained immune balance by reducing IL-1β and simultaneously increasing IL-10 and IL-4.

[0104] There was also a dose-period interaction effect on antioxidant function: the group with 600 g / t of flower and seed leaf extract significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the early stage, and the group with 600 g / t of stem extract maintained a higher T-AOC in the later stage. However, the T-AOC was significantly decreased in the later stage in the groups with low-dose flower and seed leaf extract (200 g / t) and stem extract (400 g / t), indicating that high doses were more effective in maintaining oxidative homeostasis at specific stages.

[0105] Therefore, with production efficiency as the core and taking safety into account, the combination of 200 g / t of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower and leaf extract and 400 g / t of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance stem extract is recommended. Further screening and determination show that the optimal addition amounts of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance flower and leaf / stem extract for broiler feed are: 200 g / t of flower and leaf and 400 g / t of stem extract.

[0106] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages described in the specification of the present invention are weight percentages (w / w%).

Claims

1. A feed additive containing the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels, characterized in that It includes the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels, and the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels is the extract of the flower seeds and leaves of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels or the extract of the stems of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels or a combination of both.

2. A broiler feed, which includes a basic feed and the feed additive described in Claim 1.

3. The broiler feed according to claim 2, wherein The addition amount of the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels is 200 to 600 mg of the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels added per kilogram of the basic feed.

4. The broiler feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The basic feed includes the following components by weight: 50.94 - 55.77% corn, 38.01 - 33.06% soybean meal, 6.25 - 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34 - 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20 - 0.23% threonine, 1.88 - 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85 - 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, 0.30 - 0.40% premix.

5. The broiler feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The basic feed includes the following components by weight: 50.94% corn, 38.01% soybean meal, 6.25% soybean oil, 0.60% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.20% threonine, 2.10% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.93% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, 0.40% premix.

6. The broiler feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The basic feed includes the following components by weight: 55.77% corn, 33.06% soybean meal, 7.00% soybean oil, 0.34% lysine, 0.27% methionine, 0.23% threonine, 1.88% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.85% limestone powder, 0.30% table salt, 0.30% premix.

7. The broiler feed according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The premix provides Cu 8 mg, Fe 80 mg, Mn 100 mg, Se 0.15 mg, I 0.35 mg, VA 12500 IU, VD3 2500 IU, VE 18.75 mg, VK3 2.65 mg, VB1 2 mg, VB2 6 mg, VB6 6 mg, VB12 0.025 mg, biotin 0.0325 mg, folic acid 1.25 mg, pantothenic acid 12 mg, niacin 50 mg per kilogram of the basic feed.

8. The preparation method of the feed additive described in Claim 1 includes: Mix Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels flower seeds and leaves and / or Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels stems with 20% v / v anhydrous ethanol at a weight ratio of 1:8, and perform heat reflux extraction twice. Among them, the first extraction is for 3 hours, filter to obtain the first extraction solution. Mix the filter residue with 20% v / v anhydrous ethanol at a weight ratio of 1:8 for the second extraction. The second extraction is for 2 hours, filter to obtain the second extraction solution. Then combine the two extraction solutions, filter again, concentrate, spray dry, cool to room temperature, and pulverize to obtain the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels flower seeds and leaves and / or the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels stems.

9. The application of the feed additive described in Claim 1 or the broiler feed described in any one of Claims 2 to 7 in any of the following aspects: 1) Reducing the feed-to-gain ratio of broilers; 2) Improving the anti-inflammatory ability of broilers; 3) Improving the antioxidant ability of broilers.

10. The application of the extract of Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels in the preparation of a feed additive for improving the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of broilers or reducing the feed-to-gain ratio of broilers.

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