Mixed additive for increasing content of fat in pig muscle, application and pig feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of feed, and discloses a mixed additive for increasing the content of intramuscular fat of pigs, which comprises hermetia illucens submicron powder, Chinese herbal medicine submicron powder and compound amino acid, the Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder is obtained by crushing astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle and eucommia ulmoides through a superfine crushing process; the hermetia illucens superfine powder is obtained by carrying out superfine grinding on dry hermetia illucens. According to the additive, hermetia illucens superfine powder, Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder and compound amino acid are combined for use, and the content of fat in pig muscles can be remarkably increased. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses application of the additive and pig feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of feeds, and in particular to a mixed additive for increasing intramuscular fat content in pigs, its application, and pig feed. Background Art

[0002] Black soldier fly has been widely used as a feed additive. Our unit has conducted research on black soldier fly for many years. The following applications can be seen:

[0003] A patent application with the publication number CN109497103A, whose theme is a composite lipid, a composite lipid spray for reducing the odor and stench emissions of livestock and poultry manure, and its preparation method and application;

[0004] A patent application with the publication number CN112868938A, whose theme is a biological preparation and its preparation method;

[0005] A patent application with the publication number CN109674778A, whose theme is a lipid antibacterial composition, extraction method, detection method, and uses;

[0006] A patent application with the publication number CN113493288B, whose theme is a composition for deodorizing livestock and poultry manure fermentation and its preparation method;

[0007] A patent application with the publication number CN115299526B, whose theme is a piglet feed;

[0008] Among them, in the patent application with the publication number CN115299526B and the theme of a piglet feed, the contribution of the black soldier fly oil extract to the growth performance, immune performance, etc. of piglets is discussed.

[0009] The purpose of this project is to explore the related applications of black soldier fly in fattening pigs. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mixed additive for increasing intramuscular fat content in pigs. This additive uses black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids in combination, which can significantly increase the intramuscular fat content in pigs.

[0011] The specific solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A mixed additive for increasing intramuscular fat content in pigs, comprising black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids;

[0013] The Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder is obtained by ultrafine pulverization of astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle, and eucommia ulmoides;

[0014] The black soldier fly ultrafine powder is obtained by ultrafine pulverization of dried black soldier fly insects.

[0015] The inherent mechanism by which this composition can significantly increase the intramuscular fat content in pigs is as follows. The mixed additive of the present invention significantly increases the intramuscular fat content in pigs through multi-target synergistic effects. Its inherent mechanism can be summarized as follows: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 isomers) in the black soldier fly ultrafine powder activates the PPARγ signaling pathway, upregulates the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and promotes adipocyte differentiation and lipid deposition. At the same time, its chitin degradation product N-acetylglucosamine and branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine) in the compound amino acids synergistically activate the mTORC1 pathway, enhance the expression of perilipin 2 (PLIN2), and increase adiponectin secretion. Astragalus polysaccharide and eucommia chlorogenic acid in the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder regulate the AMPK / mTOR dual pathway, promote glucose uptake by muscle cells (astragaloside IV) and direct triglyceride synthesis (eucommia flavonoids inhibit PEPCK), and iridoid glycosides in honeysuckle optimize mitochondrial β-oxidation efficiency and balance energy metabolism. Under the synergistic action of the three, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the metabolism of intestinal flora trigger muscle lipid accumulation signals through the GPR41 receptor, and the antioxidant network composed of eucommia lignans and honeysuckle flavonoids significantly reduces the MDA level in muscle, maintains the integrity of lipid droplets, and finally realizes multi-dimensional synergistic effects of lipid synthesis, energy metabolism, and redox systems.

[0016] In the above-mentioned mixed additive, the weight ratio of the black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids is 1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0017] In the above-mentioned mixed additive, the weight ratio of the black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids is 2:2-3:1-3.

[0018] In the above-mentioned mixed additive, the weight ratio of astragalus, honeysuckle, and eucommia in the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder is 10:1-5:1-5.

[0019] In the above-mentioned mixed additive, the composition of each amino acid in the compound amino acids is as follows:

[0020] The ratio of arginine: leucine: isoleucine: valine is 1:1:0.75-0.25:0.75-0.25.

[0021] Meanwhile, the present invention also discloses the application of the above-mentioned mixed additive in the preparation of pig feed.

[0022] In the above-mentioned application, the pig feed is a pig feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content in pigs.

[0023] In addition, the present invention also discloses a pig feed containing the above-mentioned mixed additive.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0025] The present invention combines black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids for use, which can significantly increase the intramuscular fat content of pigs. The present invention first conducts tests using a single variable and screens to obtain that black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids can all significantly improve the intramuscular fat content of pigs. Then, we use an orthogonal experiment to verify the optimal dosage ratio of the combination of the three. At the same time, during the verification process, we find that when the ratio of the three is 2:1 - 3:1 - 3, the increase in the intramuscular fat content of pigs shows synergy. In terms of growth performance, when the ratio of the three is 2:2 - 3:1 - 3, it shows a certain degree of synergy. Specific embodiments

[0026] Next, the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for those embodiments not specifying specific conditions, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For reagents or instruments not indicating the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0027] Black soldier fly: Purchased from (Bioresource Biotechnology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.), which is dry insects with a moisture content of ≤5%;

[0028] Astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle, and eucommia ulmoides are all cut herbs;

[0029] The above-mentioned black soldier fly ultrafine powder and Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder are both realized by an ultrafine pulverizer and pass through a 300-mesh sieve.

[0030] Screening of the first part of the active substances

[0031] After preliminary screening in this part, conjugated linoleic acid, compound amino acids, betaine, black soldier fly, and Chinese herbal medicine mixture are obtained as potential optional materials, and the black soldier fly and Chinese herbal medicine mixture are used in the form of the above-mentioned ultrafine powder.

[0032] The components of conjugated linoleic acid are cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid and trans-10, cis-12-octadecadienoic acid;

[0033] The components of compound amino acids are: arginine, leucine, isoleucine, and valine, and the ratio of the four is 1:1:0.5:0.5;

[0034] The components of the Chinese herbal medicine mixture are: Astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle, and eucommia ulmoides, and the weight ratio of the three is 10:3:2.

[0035] Experimental method:

[0036] 1. Select 30 fattening pigs weighing about 50 kg, weigh them and number them;

[0037] 2. Group the fattening pigs into groups of 5 pigs each, with a total of 6 groups, and number each group.

[0038] 3. Feed each group with feed added with a specific content (2 wt%) of the compound according to the group number, and one group is the blank group.

[0039] 4. After 90 days of feeding, slaughter the pigs. Stop feeding 24 hours before slaughter and stop supplying water 2 hours before slaughter to measure the live weight before slaughter.

[0040] 5. After slaughter, sample and detect intramuscular fat according to NY / T 821-2019.

[0041] The basic formula and nutrient composition of the feed can be referred to Table 1 below.

[0042] Table 1 Feed Composition Table

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] The experimental results can be referred to Table 2.

[0046] Table 2 Experimental Results

[0047]

[0048] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that in terms of the increase in intramuscular fat content, amino acids, betaine, black soldier fly, and Chinese herbal medicine mixture have obvious advantages. In terms of growth rate, amino acids, black soldier fly, and Chinese herbal medicine mixture have obvious advantages; based on relevant experiments and our relevant experience with each substance, we choose amino acids, black soldier fly, and Chinese herbal medicine mixture for subsequent orthogonal experiments.

[0049] The Second Part: Orthogonal Experiment

[0050] The experimental method is the same as that in the first part.

[0051] The relevant parameters of the orthogonal experiment can be seen in Table 3.

[0052] The total amount of the composition used in each experimental group is the same, all 2 wt%.

[0053] The experimental results are referred to Table 4.

[0054] Table 3 Orthogonal Experiment Formula Ratio

[0055]

[0056] Table 4 Orthogonal Results

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Result analysis:

[0060] 1. As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the orthogonal experimental groups with obvious increase in intramuscular fat content are Experimental Group 4, Experimental Group 5, Experimental Group 6, Experimental Group 7, Experimental Group 8, and Experimental Group 9; from the perspective of the average growth rate, the effects of Experimental Group 2, Experimental Group 3, Experimental Group 5, Experimental Group 6, Experimental Group 7, and Experimental Group 8 are more obvious;

[0061] 2. Combining the data in Table 2 and Table 4, it can be seen that Experimental Group 4, Experimental Group 5, and Experimental Group 6 have obvious synergy in the increase of intramuscular fat content; Experimental Group 5 and Experimental Group 6 have obvious synergy in the average growth rate;

[0062] In summary, the mixed additive in this case has obvious effects in increasing intramuscular fat content and growth rate, and has great market value.

Claims

1. A mixed additive for increasing intramuscular fat content in pigs, characterized in that, It includes black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids; The Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder is obtained by ultrafinely pulverizing astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle flower, and eucommia ulmoides through an ultrafine pulverization process; The black soldier fly ultrafine powder is obtained by ultrafinely pulverizing dried black soldier flies.

2. The hybrid additive according to claim 1, wherein The weight ratio of the black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids is 1 - 3:1 - 3:1 - 3.

3. The hybrid additive according to claim 2, wherein, The weight ratio of the black soldier fly ultrafine powder, Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder, and compound amino acids is 2:2 - 3:1 - 3.

4. The hybrid additive according to claim 1, wherein, The weight ratio of astragalus membranaceus, honeysuckle flower, and eucommia ulmoides in the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder is 10:1 - 5:1 - 5.

5. The hybrid additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition of each amino acid in the compound amino acids is: The ratio of arginine: leucine: isoleucine: valine is 1:1:0.75 - 0.25:0.75 - 0.

25.

6. Use of the mixed additive according to claims 1 to 5 in the preparation of pig feed.

7. The application according to claim 6, wherein The pig feed is pig feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of pigs.

8. A pig feed, characterized in that, It contains the mixed additive according to claims 1 to 5.

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