Fungus-based high-dietary-fiber food material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a fungus-based high dietary fiber food material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of food material preparation, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S10, activating a strain and inoculating the strain in a liquid culture medium to obtain a liquid strain; s20, uniformly mixing all component raw materials of the self-made culture medium to obtain the self-made culture medium; s30, sterilizing, inoculating and culturing to obtain a mycelium-culture medium complex; and S40, performing post-treatment on the mycelium-culture medium complex to obtain the high-dietary-fiber food material. The self-made culture medium is more suitable for rapid growth and reproduction of strains, has a positive effect on growth of mycelia, can effectively shorten the period and greatly improves the utilization rate of raw materials. The mycelium can be completely combined with the culture medium without separation, and finally obtained food materials can be directly eaten. In addition, a mixed solution is prepared in post-treatment, and protection and stability of a mycelium-culture medium complex fiber structure are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of food ingredient preparation, and specifically relates to a fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, dietary fiber supplementation mainly relies on plant extraction or synthetic materials, which have problems such as poor taste, high cost, or complex processing. In the traditional mushroom cultivation industry, the fruiting body part of large fungi is used as the edible part, with a long cycle. Although mycelium materials have applications in fields such as packaging, building materials, and leather, they have not been fully developed into directly edible high-fiber food ingredients. Traditional mycelium cultivation mostly uses inedible substrates (such as wood chips, plant fibers, etc.), and the mycelium cannot be separated from the culture medium and cannot be eaten as a whole. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to provide a preparation method of a high dietary fiber food ingredient in which the mycelium is completely combined with the culture medium and can be eaten as a whole, while significantly increasing its dietary fiber content by optimizing the strain, culture medium formula, and cultivation process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the dietary fiber content in fungus-based food ingredients in the prior art is not high.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A preparation method of a fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient, comprising the following steps: S10. Activate the strain and inoculate it into a liquid culture medium to obtain a liquid strain; S20. Mix the raw materials of each component of the self-made culture medium evenly to obtain the self-made culture medium; S30. Sterilize, inoculate, and cultivate to obtain a mycelium-culture medium complex; S40. Perform post-treatment on the mycelium-culture medium complex to obtain the high dietary fiber food ingredient.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S10 specifically includes the following steps: S11. Incubate the strain using a PDA culture medium under temperature control to obtain an activated strain; S12. Prepare a liquid culture medium; S13. Sterilize the liquid culture medium, cool it, inoculate the activated strain in a sterile environment, control the speed and temperature, and shake to obtain a liquid strain for standby.

[0006] Furthermore, the strain in step S11 includes a large fungus strain.

[0007] Furthermore, the macrofungal strain includes a macrofungal strain that is free of bitter taste, has high hyphal division, fast growth rate, and is safe for consumption.

[0008] Still further, the macrofungal strain includes at least one of Lentinula edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Volvariella volvacea, Tremella aurantialba, and Ganoderma lucidum.

[0009] Further, the components of the PDA medium in step S11 (g / L): PDB 25g, food-grade potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, food-grade magnesium sulfate 1.5g, agar 20g, vitamin B1 0.08g, peptone 2g, and the balance is water.

[0010] Further, the temperature of the temperature-controlled culture in step S11 is 25 - 29°C, and the time is 7 - 10 days.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature of the temperature-controlled culture is 27°C Further, the total number of parts of the liquid medium in step S12 is 1000 parts, and the components and parts by weight include: corn flour 15 parts, soybean powder 7 parts, food-grade magnesium sulfate 1.5 parts, food-grade dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 3 parts, glucose 7 parts, vitamin B1 0.00001, and the balance is water; mix the components evenly to obtain the liquid medium.

[0012] Further, the inoculation amount of the activated strain in step S13 is 8 - 10% of the total volume of the liquid medium.

[0013] Further, the sterilization conditions in step S13 are sterilization at 121 - 122°C and 0.13 - 0.15 MPa for 30 min; the cooling is to cool to below 30°C; the speed of speed control is 145 - 150 rpm, the temperature of temperature control is 25 - 26°C, and the oscillation time is 96 h.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the self-made medium in step S20 includes the following components: edible natural ingredient base, carbon source, nitrogen source, mineral, vitamin, hypha growth promoting factor, and water.

[0015] Further, for one formula of the self-made medium, the components and contents are: oats 25%, konjac powder 8%, wheat bran 5%, soybean meal 5%, snow fungus 2%, yeast extract 2%, corn flour 1%, glucose 1%, calcium carbonate 1%, vitamin B1 0.01%, and the balance is water.

[0016] Further, for another formula of the self-made medium, the components and contents are: oats 33%, sorghum rice 10%, tapioca starch 2%, konjac powder 2%, snow fungus 2%, bovine collagen 0.5%, vitamin E 0.5%, vitamin B1 0.01%, and the balance is water.

[0017] The aforementioned snow nest refers to the natural colloidal secretion of the plant Sterculia villosa in the Sterculia genus. The snow nest is rich in nutrients such as polysaccharides, proteins, and amino acids. Its polysaccharides can be decomposed into monosaccharides by strains, providing additional carbon sources for the strains. At the same time, the polysaccharides in the snow nest also have a certain immunomodulatory effect, having a positive impact on the growth and metabolism of the strains; The aforementioned yeast extract is a food-grade yeast extract, containing various nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, which can provide rich nitrogen sources for the strains and also improve the growth rate and yield of the strains.

[0018] The aforementioned bovine collagen is a food-grade bovine collagen, containing rich amino acids, especially glycine, proline, etc., which can strengthen the provision of nutrients for the strains and promote the growth and development of the mycelium.

[0019] Calcium is one of the important components of the mycelium cell wall. Adding calcium carbonate to the culture medium can effectively enhance the structural stability of the mycelium, improve the stress resistance of the mycelium, enabling it to better adapt to the environment and grow actively; The aforementioned vitamin E has a certain antioxidant effect, which can protect the mycelium cells from oxidative damage and maintain the normal physiological functions of the mycelium; Vitamin B1 is one of the essential vitamins during the growth process of the strains. It plays an important role in the energy metabolism and protein synthesis of the mycelium, can participate in the metabolic process of the strains, and promote the growth and reproduction of the mycelium.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S30 specifically includes the following steps: controlling the temperature and sterilizing the self-made culture medium, cooling it, inoculating with liquid strains, and then culturing in a sealed container to obtain high-fiber food ingredients.

[0021] Furthermore, the inoculation amount of the liquid strains is 18 - 20% of the total volume of the self-made culture medium.

[0022] Furthermore, the temperature for temperature-controlled sterilization is 121 - 122 °C, and the time is 30 min; the cooling is to cool to 25 °C.

[0023] Further, the cultivation is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and late stages, specifically including: Initial stage: Static cultivation in a sealed environment; Middle stage: The raw materials cultivated in the initial stage are subjected to temperature-controlled shaking cultivation in a sealed container under sterile conditions; Late stage: The raw materials cultivated in the middle stage are turned over and placed in a sterile shaping cultivation container, and temperature-controlled static cultivation is carried out to obtain a mycelium-medium complex.

[0024] Furthermore, the conditions for static cultivation in the sealed environment in the initial stage include: cultivation temperature 23 - 27 °C, cultivation time 94 - 98 h, and cultivation humidity 95 - 96%.

[0025] Preferably, the cultivation temperature is 25 °C, the cultivation time is 96 h, and the cultivation humidity is 95%.

[0026] Furthermore, the conditions for temperature-controlled shaking cultivation in the middle stage include: temperature 22 - 25 °C, shaking speed 25 - 35 rpm, humidity 80 - 85%, and cultivation time 22 - 26 h.

[0027] Preferably, the temperature is 22 °C, the shaking speed is 30 rpm, the humidity is 80%, and the cultivation time is 24 h.

[0028] Furthermore, the turning in the late stage is a 180° turn; the conditions for temperature-controlled static cultivation include: temperature 25 - 30 °C, humidity 65 - 70%, and cultivation time 48 h.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature is 28 °C and the humidity is 70%.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S40 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Mix coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water evenly to obtain a mixed solution; S42. Heat the mixed solution, immerse the mycelium-medium complex in the mixed solution, seal it, rotate it at a controlled speed, and then take it out and drain the water to obtain a high-fiber food ingredient.

[0031] Further, the mass ratio of coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water in step S41 is 4 - 6:1 - 1.5:0.06 - 0.08:0.04 - 0.06:92 - 96.

[0032] Preferably, the mass ratio of coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water is 5:1:0.08:0.05:93.87.

[0033] Coconut oil has good moisturizing properties and can effectively prevent the evaporation of moisture from the mycelium-medium complex; Zein has good film-forming and adhesiveness, can be tightly combined with the mycelium-medium complex, enhance the structural stability of the complex, and make it not easy to break during processing and storage; Sodium glutamate can significantly improve the flavor of the mycelium-medium complex and give it a more delicious taste; Potassium sorbate can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms and improve the safety of the product.

[0034] Furthermore, the heating in step S42 is to heat to 40 - 42 °C; the degree of immersion of the mycelium-medium complex in the mixed solution is that the mycelium-medium complex is completely immersed in the mixed solution; the rotation speed of the controlled-speed rotation is 300 - 310 rpm, and the time is 8 - 9 h.

[0035] Furthermore, the high-fiber food ingredients in step S42 can be directly eaten or quickly freeze-dried by liquid nitrogen to a water content ≤ 5% and then crushed or pressed into shape for consumption.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the present invention also provides a high-fiber food ingredient prepared by the above preparation method.

[0037] Advantages of the present invention: (1) The present invention uses a self-made medium to culture large fungal strains. The components and formula of this medium meet the growth requirements of various strains, overcome the problem that the existing medium can only better culture one strain and cannot co-culture compound mixed strains. Moreover, during the cultivation process of the present invention, β-glucan produced by the metabolism of the mycelium and the natural fiber in the medium make the total dietary fiber content of the finally obtained high-fiber food ingredient reach about 60%; in addition, the mycelium and the medium of the present invention can be completely combined without separation, and the finally obtained high-fiber food ingredient can be directly eaten or processed as a whole, greatly simplifying the processing process, saving labor and time costs, and reducing production costs.

[0038] (2) The present invention innovatively self-made a medium, and innovatively added components such as snow nest, yeast extract, and bovine collagen to the medium. In addition, components such as calcium carbonate, vitamin E, and vitamin B1 are also added. The medium thus constituted is more suitable for the rapid growth, reproduction, and long-term stable growth of the strains, especially more suitable for the scenarios where the strains need to be quickly started and grow rapidly in the initial stage of growth, and also suitable for the environment where immune regulation is required, which has a positive effect on the growth of the mycelium, can effectively shorten the cycle and greatly improve the utilization rate of raw materials.

[0039] (3) The present invention sets up the technological steps of sterilization, inoculation, and cultivation. Among them, the cultivation process is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and later stages. Through the key steps of physical separation, shaking culture, flipping, static culture, and gradient control of temperature and humidity, the sufficient spread of the mycelium and the formation of a homogenized structure with the culture medium are achieved through the complementarity of the steps.

[0040] (4) In the post-treatment process of the present invention, a mixed solution obtained by mixing coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water is prepared, which is beneficial to the protection and stability of the fiber structure of the mycelium-culture medium complex, and can better retain nutrients, increase flavor, and enhance safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the substances in the container in the initial stage of step S30 in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the substances in the container in the later stage of step S30 in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the edible high-fiber food material prepared in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the edible high-fiber food material prepared in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 5 Cutting schematic diagram of the edible high-fiber food material prepared in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 6 Cooking schematic diagram of the edible high-fiber food material prepared in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The Pleurotus ostreatus strain with the catalog number hh39541872 used in the examples, comparative examples, and test examples of the present invention was purchased from Jinan Minqiang Puhui Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.; the Lentinula edodes strain used was purchased from Shandong Yaosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the Volvariella volvacea strain used was purchased from Shandong Xiaopo Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.; the snow swallow used, brand: Yundian Yuanfu, was purchased from Yunnan Guangkuntang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.; the yeast extract used was purchased from Jiangsu Ruiduo Bioengineering Co., Ltd.; the bovine collagen used was purchased from Chongqing Tianrun Bioproducts Co., Ltd. The components (g / L) of the PDA medium used in the examples, comparative examples, and test examples of the present invention are all: PDB 25 g, food-grade potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3 g, food-grade magnesium sulfate 1.5 g, agar 20 g, vitamin B1 0.08 g, peptone 2 g, and the balance is water.

[0045] Example 1 A preparation method of a high dietary fiber food material based on fungi, comprising the following steps: S11. Cultivate the Pleurotus ostreatus strain in a PDA medium at a controlled temperature of 27 °C for 7 d to obtain an activated strain; S12. Prepare a liquid medium: The total number of parts of the liquid medium is 1000 parts, and the raw materials and weight parts of each component include: 15 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean powder, 1.5 parts of food-grade magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of food-grade potassium hydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of glucose, 0.00001 of vitamin B1, and the balance is water; Mix the raw materials of each component evenly to obtain the liquid medium; S13. Sterilize the liquid medium at 121 °C and 0.14 MPa for 30 min, cool it to below 30 °C, inoculate the activated strain obtained in step S11 in a sterile environment, control the speed at 145 rpm and the temperature at 25 °C, and shake for 96 h to obtain a liquid strain for standby; S20. Mix the raw materials of each component of the self-made medium evenly to obtain the self-made medium. The raw materials and contents of each component of the self-made medium are: 33% of oats, 10% of sorghum rice, 2% of tapioca starch, 2% of konjac powder, 2% of snow swallow, 0.5% of bovine collagen, 0.5% of vitamin E, 0.01% of vitamin B1, and the balance is water; S30. Sterilize the self-made medium in step S20 at 122 °C for 30 min, cool it to 25 °C, inoculate the liquid strain reserved in step S13, and then cultivate it in a sealed container to obtain a mycelium-medium complex; The inoculation amount of the liquid strain is 18% of the total volume of the self-made medium; The cultivation is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and late stages, and specifically includes: Initial stage: Static cultivation at a temperature of 25 °C and a humidity of 95% in a sealed environment for 96 h; Mid - stage: The raw materials cultivated in the initial stage are placed in a sealed container under aseptic conditions, with the temperature controlled at 22°C, the speed controlled at 30 rpm, and the humidity at 80%, and shaken for 24 h; Late - stage: The raw materials cultivated in the mid - stage are turned 180° and placed in a sterile shaping culture container, with the temperature controlled at 28°C and the humidity at 70%, and statically cultured for 48 h; S41. Mix coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 5:1:0.08:0.05:93.87 to obtain a mixed solution; S42. Heat the mixed solution to 40°C, completely immerse the mycelium - culture medium complex in the mixed solution, seal it, rotate at a speed of 300 rpm for 8 h, and then take it out and drain the water to obtain an edible high - dietary - fiber food ingredient.

[0046] The total dietary fiber content of the high - dietary - fiber food ingredient prepared in this example was measured according to GB 5009.88 - 2014: TDF = 59%; Among them, TDF is the total dietary fiber.

[0047] Example 2 A preparation method of a fungus - based high - dietary - fiber food ingredient, comprising the following steps: S11. Cultivate the Lentinula edodes strain on a PDA medium at a temperature of 25°C for 8 d to obtain an activated strain; S12. Prepare a liquid medium: The total number of parts of the liquid medium is 1000 parts, and the raw materials and weight parts of each component include: 15 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean powder, 1.5 parts of food - grade magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of food - grade dibasic potassium phosphate, 7 parts of glucose, 0.00001 of vitamin B1, and the balance is water; Mix the raw materials of each component evenly to obtain the liquid medium; S13. Sterilize the liquid medium at 122°C and 0.15 MPa for 30 min, cool it to below 30°C, inoculate the activated strain obtained in step S11 in a sterile environment, control the speed at 150 rpm and the temperature at 26°C, and shake for 96 h to obtain a liquid strain for standby; S20. Mix the raw materials of the self - made medium evenly to obtain the self - made medium. The raw materials and contents of each component of the self - made medium are: 25% oats, 8% konjac powder, 5% wheat bran, 5% soybean meal, 2% snow fungus, 2% yeast extract, 1% corn flour, 1% glucose, 1% calcium carbonate, 0.01% vitamin B1, and the balance is water; S30. Sterilize the self - made medium in step S20 at 122°C for 30 min, cool it to 25°C, inoculate the liquid strain for standby in step S13, and then cultivate it in a sealed container to obtain a mycelium - culture medium complex; The inoculation amount of the liquid spawn is 19% of the total volume of the self-made culture medium; The cultivation is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and late stages, specifically including: Initial stage: Static culture at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 96% for 98 h in a sealed environment; Middle stage: The raw materials completed in the initial stage of cultivation are placed in a sealed container under sterile conditions, with the temperature controlled at 24 °C, the speed controlled at 25 rpm, and the humidity at 85%, and shaken and cultured for 22 h; Late stage: The raw materials completed in the middle stage of cultivation are turned 180° and placed in a sterile shaping culture container, with the temperature controlled at 30 °C and the humidity at 68%, and statically cultured for 48 h; S41. Mix coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 4:1.5:0.06:0.04:96 to obtain a mixed solution; S42. Heat the mixed solution to 41 °C, completely immerse the mycelium-medium complex in the mixed solution, seal it, rotate at a speed of 305 rpm for 9 h, take it out and drain the water, quickly freeze-dry it with liquid nitrogen until the water content ≤ 5%, and then pulverize it to obtain an edible high-fiber food ingredient.

[0048] According to GB 5009.88-2014, the total dietary fiber content of the high-fiber food ingredient prepared in this example was measured: TDF = 58%; Among them, TDF is the total dietary fiber.

[0049] Example 3 A preparation method of a fungus-based high-fiber food ingredient, comprising the following steps: S11. Culture the straw mushroom strain on a PDA medium at a controlled temperature of 29 °C for 10 d to obtain an activated spawn; S12. Prepare a liquid culture medium: The total number of parts of the liquid culture medium is 1000 parts, and the raw materials and weight parts of each component include: 15 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean powder, 1.5 parts of food-grade magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of food-grade dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of glucose, 0.00001 of vitamin B1, and the balance is water; Mix the raw materials of each component evenly to obtain the liquid culture medium; S13. Sterilize the liquid culture medium at 121 °C and a pressure of 0.13 MPa for 30 min, cool it to below 30 °C, inoculate the activated spawn obtained in step S11 in a sterile environment, control the speed at 148 rpm and the temperature at 25.5 °C, and shake for 96 h to obtain a liquid spawn for standby; S20. Mix the raw materials of the self - made culture medium evenly to obtain the self - made culture medium. The raw materials and their contents of the self - made culture medium are as follows: oats 33%, sorghum rice 10%, tapioca starch 2%, konjac powder 2%, snow nest 2%, bovine collagen 0.5%, vitamin E 0.5%, vitamin B1 0.01%, and the balance is water; S30. Sterilize the self - made culture medium obtained in step S20 at 121 °C for 30 min. After cooling to 25 °C, inoculate the liquid strain reserved in step S13, and then place it in a sealed container for cultivation to obtain a mycelium - culture medium complex; The inoculation amount of the liquid strain is 20% of the total volume of the self - made culture medium; The cultivation is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and later stages, which specifically include: Initial stage: Static cultivation at a temperature of 27 °C and a humidity of 95% for 94 h in a sealed environment; Middle stage: The raw materials cultivated in the initial stage are controlled at a temperature of 25 °C, a speed of 35 rpm, and a humidity of 83% in a sealed container under sterile conditions and shaken for 26 h; Later stage: Flip the raw materials cultivated in the middle stage by 180°, place them in a sterile shaping culture container, control the temperature at 25 °C, the humidity at 65%, and statically cultivate for 48 h; S41. Mix coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 6:1.3:0.07:0.06:92 to obtain a mixed solution; S42. Heat the mixed solution to 42 °C, completely immerse the mycelium - culture medium complex in the mixed solution, seal it, rotate at a speed of 310 rpm for 8.5 h, then take it out and drain the water, quickly freeze - dry it with liquid nitrogen until the water content ≤ 5%, and then press it into shape to obtain an edible high - dietary - fiber food material.

[0050] According to GB 5009.88 - 2014, the total dietary fiber content of the high - dietary - fiber food material prepared in this example is measured: TDF = 55%; Among them, TDF is the total dietary fiber.

[0051] Example 4 A preparation method of a fungus - based high - dietary - fiber food material includes the following steps: S11. Cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus strain, Lentinula edodes strain, and Volvariella volvacea strain at 27 °C for 7 d using PDA culture medium to obtain Pleurotus ostreatus activated strain, Lentinula edodes activated strain, and Volvariella volvacea activated strain; S12. Preparation of liquid medium: The total number of parts of the liquid medium is 1000 parts, and the raw materials and parts by weight of each component include: 15 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of soybean powder, 1.5 parts of food-grade magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of food-grade dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of glucose, 0.00001 of vitamin B1, and the balance is water; Mix the raw materials of each component evenly to obtain the liquid medium; S13. Sterilize the liquid medium at 121°C and a pressure of 0.14 MPa for 30 min, cool it to below 30°C, and inoculate the Pleurotus ostreatus activated strain, Lentinula edodes activated strain, and Volvariella volvacea activated strain obtained in step S11 respectively in a sterile environment. Control the speed at 145 rpm and the temperature at 25°C, and shake for 96 h to obtain Pleurotus ostreatus liquid strain, Lentinula edodes liquid strain, and Volvariella volvacea liquid strain for standby; S20. Mix the raw materials of each component of the self-made medium evenly to obtain the self-made medium. The raw materials and contents of each component of the self-made medium are: 33% of oats, 10% of sorghum rice, 2% of tapioca starch, 2% of konjac powder, 2% of snow nest, 0.5% of bovine collagen, 0.5% of vitamin E, 0.01% of vitamin B1, and the balance is water; S30. Sterilize the self-made medium in step S20 at 122°C for 30 min, cool it to 25°C, inoculate the Pleurotus ostreatus liquid strain, Lentinula edodes liquid strain, and Volvariella volvacea liquid strain reserved in step S13, and then place them in a sealed container for cultivation to obtain a mycelium-medium complex; The mass ratio of the Pleurotus ostreatus liquid strain, Lentinula edodes liquid strain, and Volvariella volvacea liquid strain is an equal mass ratio; the total inoculation amount of the Pleurotus ostreatus liquid strain, Lentinula edodes liquid strain, and Volvariella volvacea liquid strain is 18% of the total volume of the self-made medium; The cultivation is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and late stages, which specifically include: Initial stage: Static cultivation at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 95% in a sealed environment for 96 h. The substances in the container in the initial stage are as Figure 1 shown; Middle stage: Control the temperature at 22°C, the speed at 30 rpm, and the humidity at 80% in a sealed container for 24 h under sterile conditions for the raw materials cultivated in the initial stage; Late stage: Flip the raw materials cultivated in the middle stage by 180° and place them in a sterile shaping culture container, control the temperature at 28°C, the humidity at 70%, and statically cultivate for 48 h. The substances in the container in the late stage are as Figure 2 shown; S41. Mix coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water evenly according to a mass ratio of 5:1:0.08:0.05:93.87 to obtain a mixed solution; S42. Heat the mixed solution to 40°C, completely immerse the mycelium-medium complex in the mixed solution, seal it, rotate it at a speed of 300 rpm for 8 hours, and then take it out to drain the water, thus obtaining an edible high dietary fiber ingredient (see Figure 3 ); For the cross-sectional view of the edible high dietary fiber ingredient, see Figure 4 . It can be clearly seen from the cross-section that the self-made medium in this example has a good binding degree with each mycelium; Cut the edible high dietary fiber ingredient, see Figure 5 . After cutting, it does not fall apart, indicating that the mixed solution provided in step S41 of the present invention is beneficial to the protection and stability of the fiber structure of the mycelium-medium complex; Cook the cut high dietary fiber ingredient, see Figure 6 . It is not difficult to see that the high dietary fiber ingredient has high oil absorption and water absorption, and is completely edible as a whole; Determine the total dietary fiber content of the high dietary fiber ingredient prepared in this example according to GB 5009.88-2014: TDF = 61%; Among them, TDF is the total dietary fiber.

[0052] In the description of the specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0053] The above content is only an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims of the present invention, they should all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S10. Activate the strain and inoculate it into a liquid medium to obtain a liquid strain; S20. Mix the raw materials of each component of the self-made medium evenly to obtain the self-made medium; S30. Sterilize, inoculate, and cultivate to obtain a mycelium-medium complex; S40. Post-treat the mycelium-medium complex to obtain a high dietary fiber food ingredient.

2. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-made medium described in step S20 includes the following components: an edible natural ingredient base, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, minerals, vitamins, a mycelium growth promoting factor, and water.

3. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient according to claim 2, wherein One formula of the self-made medium, the raw materials and contents of each component: 25% oats, 8% konjac powder, 5% wheat bran, 5% soybean meal, 2% snow nest, 2% yeast extract, 1% corn flour, 1% glucose, 1% calcium carbonate, 0.01% vitamin B1, and the balance is water; Another formula of the self-made medium, the raw materials and contents of each component: 33% oats, 10% sorghum rice, 2% tapioca starch, 2% konjac powder, 2% snow nest, 0.5% bovine collagen, 0.5% vitamin E, 0.01% vitamin B1, and the balance is water.

4. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S30 specifically includes the following steps: Control the temperature and sterilize the self-made medium, cool it, inoculate with the liquid strain, and then place it in a sealed container for cultivation to obtain a high dietary fiber food ingredient.

5. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inoculation amount of the liquid strain is 18-20% of the total volume of the self-made medium.

6. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cultivation is divided into three stages: initial, middle, and late, and specifically includes: Initial stage: Static cultivation in a sealed environment; Middle stage: Control the temperature and shake-cultivate the raw materials completed in the initial stage in a sealed container under sterile conditions; Late stage: Turn over the raw materials completed in the middle stage and place them in a sterile shaping culture container, control the temperature and statically cultivate to obtain a mycelium-medium complex.

7. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conditions for static cultivation in the sealed environment in the initial stage include: cultivation temperature 23-27°C, cultivation time 94-98h, cultivation humidity 95-96%; the conditions for temperature-controlled shake-cultivation in the middle stage include: temperature 22-25°C, shaking speed 25-35rpm, humidity 80-85%, cultivation time 22-26h; the turning in the late stage is a 180° turn; the conditions for temperature-controlled static cultivation include: temperature 25-30°C, humidity 65-70%, cultivation time 48h.

8. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S40 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Mix coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water evenly to obtain a mixture; S42. Heat the mixture, immerse the mycelium-medium complex in the mixture, seal it, rotate it at a controlled speed, and then take it out and drain the water to obtain a high dietary fiber food ingredient.

9. The preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food ingredient according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass ratio of coconut oil, zein, sodium glutamate, potassium sorbate, and deionized water described in step S41 is 4-6:1-1.5:0.06-0.08:0.04-0.06:92-96; the degree of immersion of the mycelium-medium complex in the mixture is: the mycelium-medium complex is completely immersed in the mixture.

10. A high dietary fiber food material prepared by the preparation method of the fungus-based high dietary fiber food material according to any one of claims 1-9.

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