Mechanical self-adaptive constant-force suspension backpack and automatic adjusting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical self-adaptive constant-force suspension backpack and an automatic adjusting method, and belongs to the field of novel equipment. Comprising a non-linear stiffness spring connecting rod combined mechanism, a sliding block self-locking mechanism, an adjusting and fixing mechanism and a rope mechanism. The non-linear stiffness spring connecting rod combined mechanisms are symmetrically installed on the back plate, the sliding block self-locking mechanism is installed on the swing rod, and the adjusting and fixing mechanism clamps the swing rod to assist in fixing the spring connecting rod mechanism through a roller. The suspension knapsack realizes system rigidity conversion through the nonlinear spring connecting rod combined mechanism and the sliding block self-locking mechanism according to load change, the knapsack is adjusted to an optimal suspension state, the suspension labor-saving effect is not obvious when the load is small, and the suspension knapsack can be converted into a common knapsack by adjusting the fixing mechanism. The device is compact in structure, is provided with a flexible self-adaptive rigidity adjusting mechanism, is convenient to operate, can reduce the impact of a dynamic load on a human body, and saves labor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of new equipment, in particular to a mechanical adaptive constant force suspension backpack and an automatic adjustment method. Background Technique

[0002] In human daily life, it is common to see people walking with a backpack on their back. However, an excessive load will increase metabolic consumption and easily cause muscle fatigue and joint damage. During individual combat, the impact of carrying a large load on energy consumption is particularly obvious.

[0003] Currently, the suspension backpack mainly adds a spring damping system between the backpack and the human body to save effort by transferring static loads and reducing dynamic loads. Suspension backpacks are divided into active and passive types according to the adjustment method. The active suspension backpack saves effort by actively adjusting the relative movement between the load and the human body, which requires a high-performance motor. This backpack belongs to the passive suspension backpack, and this type lacks a flexible stiffness damping adjustment mechanism, making it difficult to adjust for different loads and cumbersome to operate.

[0004] There are various types of passive suspension backpacks. The Chinese patent discloses a suspension backpack device with adjustable load, publication (announcement) number: CN111317247B. Its advantage is that it adopts a symmetrically adjustable constant force mechanism, and for different loads, the optimal suspension effect can be achieved through the adjustment device. The structure is compact and meets the requirements of high maneuverability performance indicators. However, its adjustment for different loads requires electric control adjustment or manual adjustment. When adjusting electrically, adding a motor increases the load. When adjusting manually, the load weight needs to be known and the manual adjustment error is large. When the load is low, the suspension effort-saving effect is not good. Another Chinese patent discloses a controllable damping fully constant force suspension backpack device, publication (announcement) number: CN112998387A. Its advantage is that it adds a motor control system damping, and the suspension is more accurate, but the motor introduces a greater load. The present invention solves this problem by using a non-linear stiffness spring to adapt to different loads, improving the adjustment accuracy and suspension effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a mechanical adaptive constant force suspension backpack structure, which has the advantages of flexible adjustment, convenient operation, and wide working range.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention provides a mechanical adaptive constant force suspension backpack structure, including a non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism, a slider self-locking mechanism, a fixing mechanism, and a rope mechanism;

[0007] The non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism is as follows: The non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism consists of left and right symmetric link mechanisms. One-sided link mechanism is composed of two swing rods, a spring rod pad and a spring rod holder, and a large spring rod and a small spring rod are installed. An auxiliary roller is installed on the upper swing rod, and an auxiliary roller is sleeved on the auxiliary roller. The auxiliary roller rolls in the track on the back plate. A compression spring is installed on the spring rod and is compressed by a fixed end. The fixed end is installed on the inner side of the main rod member. A rolling bearing is installed at the center of the outer end face of the main rod member, and the rolling bearing rolls in the track of the sum plate;

[0008] The slider self-locking mechanism is as follows: The fixed main rod slider is slidably connected to the swing rod, and its shaft is connected to the main rod member; The locking handle rotates at the lower end of the fixed main rod slider. One end of the locking handle is connected to a small locking link, and the small locking link is connected to a locking block. The locking block slides up and down in the track inside the fixed main rod slider, and the other end of the locking handle is connected to a pull rod;

[0009] The fixing mechanism is as follows: The fixed slider is fixedly connected to the fixed block clamping plate and slides on the sliding track of the back plate; The fixed rod rotates on the shaft of the fixed slider, and the other end of the fixed rod is connected to a clamping block. The clamping block slides in the track slot of the back plate; The inclined block is fixedly connected to the fixed spring fixed in the groove block. The groove block is fixedly connected to the back plate, and a stop block is fixedly connected to the other side of the back plate. A spring button is installed on the stop block;

[0010] The rope mechanism is as follows: The tension spring stretches in the spring protection barrel fixed on the back plate. One end is fixedly connected to the spring connection platform, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rope. The spring connection platform is fixed on the back plate. The rope sequentially passes through the large rope pulley, the small rope pulley and the rotating shaft end of the upper swing rod, and finally is connected to the head end of the lower swing rod; The adjusting spring is sleeved on the sliding rod. One end is fixed on the spring connection platform, and the other end is fixed on the backpack sleeve. The backpack sleeve is slidably connected to the sliding rod. The sliding rod is fixedly installed on the spring connection platform and the lower fixed platform.

[0011] Preferably, in the present invention, when no load is applied, the non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism is fixed at 45° in the working middle position.

[0012] Preferably, in the present invention, the contact surface between the inside of the swing rod and the locking block is made of a high-friction compressible rubber material.

[0013] Preferably, in the present invention, the fixed block clamping plate is fixedly connected to the fixed slider, and the fixed slider is slidably installed in the preset track of the back plate.

[0014] Preferably, in the present invention, the rope used is a rigid rope.

[0015] The second object is to provide an automatic adjustment method, including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: The non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism is initially located at 45° above the working mid-position. Open the adjustment and fixing mechanism, lock the auxiliary roller with the clamping block 37, and fix the spring link mechanism.

[0017] Step 2: Apply a load.

[0018] Step 3: If the slider self-locking mechanism slides down along the swing rod to the equilibrium position, pull up the pull rod to open the slider self-locking mechanism.

[0019] Step 4: Press the spring button to close the adjustment and fixing mechanism, and the backpack floats with less effort.

[0020] Principle and effect of this solution: Use a group of equal linear stiffness springs in parallel to fit a non-linear stiffness spring. The load automatically adjusts the distance from the main rod to the spring rod fixator, thereby controlling the swing arm length and achieving adaptive adjustment of the load, completing the suspension with less effort for backpacks with different mass loads.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For different load working ranges, the present invention sets springs with appropriate elastic coefficients. For loads of different weights, the non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism can adaptively adjust the system stiffness, and the backpack is set to the optimal floating state through the pull rod and the slider self-locking mechanism. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 Structural diagram of the present invention Figure 2 Of the present invention Figure 1 Three-dimensional structural diagram of the backpack in Figure 3 Of the present invention Figure 1 Internal working structural diagram of the floating backpack in Figure 4 Of the present invention Figure 1 Three-dimensional structural diagram of the non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism in Figure 5 Of the present invention Figure 1 Three-dimensional structural diagram of the slider self-locking mechanism in Figure 6 Of the present invention Figure 1 Three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment and fixing mechanism in Figure 7 Of the present invention Figure 1 Three-dimensional structural diagram of the rope mechanism in Figure 8 Working principle diagram of the present invention for floating with less effort Figure 9 (a) Working principle diagram of automatic adjustment of the present invention Figure 9 (b) Fitting curve diagram of the non-linear stiffness spring of the present invention

[0023] In the figure: 3 is a non-linear stiffness spring link combined mechanism; 53 is a slider self-locking mechanism; 4 is an adjustment and fixing mechanism; 5 is a rope mechanism; 1 is a backpack; 2 is a back panel; 8 is a backpack sleeve; 20 is a pull rod; 38 is a spring connection platform; 39 is an adjustment spring; 42 is a slide rod; 43 is a rope; 44 is a small rope pulley; 45 is a lower fixing platform; 46 is a large rope pulley; 6 is a backpack bottom plate; 7 is a horizontal track; 9 is a small spring rod; 10 is a large spring rod; 11 is an auxiliary roller; 12 is a fixing rod; 13 is a small compression spring; 14 is a large compression spring; 15 is a swing rod; 16 is a main rod; 17 is a rolling bearing; 18 is a spring rod pad; 19 is a spring rod fixer; 51 is a small fixed end; 52 is a large fixed end; 48 is a large sleeve; 49 is a small sleeve; 21 is a fixed main rod slider; 22 is a locking block; 23 is a small locking link; 24 is a locking handle; 27 is an auxiliary roller shaft; 28 is an upper track on the back panel; 29 is an upper track housing; 30 is a stop block; 31 is a fixed slider; 32 is an inclined block; 33 is a fixed spring; 34 is a groove block; 35 is a fixed block clamping plate; 36 is a spring button; 37 is a clamping block; 50 is a fixed rod; 41 is a tension spring; 47 is a spring protection barrel. Specific implementation mode

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, a mechanical adaptive constant force suspension backpack and an automatic adjustment method provided by the present invention include the structure of the mechanical adaptive constant force suspension backpack and a method for automatically adjusting the motion structure parameters according to the load.

[0026] Referring to Figure 1 , the lower part of the back panel 2 is designed with a curve.

[0027] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through the curve design of the lower part of the back panel 2, it can better fit the human back and enhance comfort.

[0028] Referring to Figure 3 , the pull rod 20 is installed in the sandwich between the backpack 1 and the back panel 2.

[0029] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, by installing the pull rod 20 in the sandwich between the backpack 1 and the back panel 2, it is convenient for people to pull the pull rod 20 to fix the main rod and prevent the pull rod 20 from affecting the human movement when the backpack is working.

[0030] Referring to Figure 5 , the contact surface between the swing rod 15 and the locking block 22 in the slider self-locking mechanism 53 is made of a high-friction compressible rubber material.

[0031] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, by setting a high-friction compressible rubber material, the frictional force can be increased, so that the slider self-locking mechanism 53 is more firmly locked on the swing rod.

[0032] Reference Figure 6 , the end of the swing rod 15 is connected to the upper track 28 of the back plate through the auxiliary roller 27 and the auxiliary roller 11.

[0033] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, through the auxiliary roller 11, the non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism 3 can swing more stably on the back plate 2, preventing tilting due to torque.

[0034] Reference Figure 6 , the latch 37 in the fixing mechanism slides in the track of the back plate 2 and can contact the auxiliary roller 11.

[0035] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, through the sliding connection of the latch 37 and the contact with the auxiliary roller 11, the non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism 3 can be fixed. At this time, the backpack 1 does not have a suspension effect, and the effect is better under low load conditions.

[0036] Reference Figure 7 , the inner sleeve of the tension spring 41 is installed in the spring protection barrel 47.

[0037] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, by installing the inner sleeve of the tension spring 41 in the spring protection barrel 47, the influence of the tension spring 41 on human movement can be prevented.

[0038] Reference Figure 7 , the adjusting spring 39 is fixedly connected to the spring connection platform 38 and the backpack sleeve 8.

[0039] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, by the adjusting spring 39, the initial working position of the non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism 3 is in the middle working position, and a spring with a small stiffness coefficient should be selected for the adjusting spring.

[0040] For the suspension and labor-saving working principle of the present invention, reference Figure 8 , the non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism 3 is a symmetric mechanism. Select a single-side structure for analysis. The mass of all rods is small and negligible, and the system movement speed is small and the kinetic energy is negligible. According to the principle of energy conservation, the total energy is obtained and its derivative with respect to the angle θ can be used to obtain the equilibrium formula:

[0041] mga = klh

[0042] Where m is the load mass, g is the gravitational coefficient, a is the distance between the main rod 16 and the spring rod holder 19 along the swing rod 15, k is the elastic coefficient of the tension spring 41, l is the length of the swing rod 15, and h is the length of the spring rod holder 19.

[0043] The non-linear stiffness spring self-adaptive principle of the present invention refers to Figure 9 (a), the non-linear stiffness spring connecting rod combination mechanism 3 is fixed, a load is applied, the main rod 16 compresses the non-linear stiffness spring, and finally the force is balanced at a position suitable for the spring rod holder 19. The upper pull rod 20 fixes the fixed main rod slider 21 on the swing rod 15 through the slider self-locking mechanism 53 to complete the automatic adjustment work.

[0044] The self-adaptive principle is as follows:

[0045] The load mass range for the suspension backpack to work is (M1, M2). When the load mass is less than M1, the main rod 16 should be located at the spring rod holder 19. Therefore, the non-linear stiffness spring that compresses to generate elastic force to balance the load is divided into a small compression spring 13 that adjusts the main rod 16 to the optimal suspension position and a large compression spring 14 that has an initial compression elastic force to balance M1;

[0046] When no load is applied, the adjustment fixing mechanism 4 fixes the non-linear spring connecting rod combination mechanism 3. At this time, the non-linear spring connecting rod combination mechanism is at 45° in the middle of the movement range. The main rod 16 is located at the spring rod pad 18 of the swing rod 15 under the initial elastic force of the large compression spring 14. After applying the load, the main rod 16 compresses the large compression spring 14 and the small compression spring 13 downward along the swing rod 15 and finally moves to the equilibrium position;

[0047] The small compression spring 13 is composed of countless tiny springs. Select a tiny spring with a large diameter of Δy, an elastic coefficient of KΔy, and a compression length of Δl for this tiny spring, generating an elastic force of ΔF = KΔyΔl. According to the calculus principle and substituting it into the gravity balance formula, the system balance equation is:

[0048]

[0049] Where f(x) is the function represented by the curve formed by one end of the tiny spring in the non-linear stiffness spring in the rectangular coordinate system. The non-linear stiffness spring is symmetrically distributed up and down and one end is on the same vertical line;

[0050] Structurally, to ensure that the parallel springs do not affect the normal operation of the suspension backpack, it is assumed that the spring is compressed at most to At this point, the total width of the parallel springs is c. Differentiate the load balance formula with respect to a and substitute the coordinates It can be obtained that The parallel spring curve of the small compression spring 13

[0051] Let a = l to obtain the equivalent stiffness of the large compression spring 14 Equivalent major diameter The equivalent original length l0=2l is not achievable in practice for micro springs. The small compression spring 13 is replaced by three groups of twelve linear springs of equal stiffness with different original lengths, and the large compression spring 14 is replaced by a group of four linear springs of equal original length and equal stiffness with the same original length.

[0052] The nonlinear stiffness spring fitting curve of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 9 (b), one end of the tiny spring is on the same vertical straight line, and the points at the other end form a curve. A rectangular coordinate system is established with the midpoint of a spring rod holder 19 as the origin, the horizontal rightward direction is the x-axis, and the vertical upward direction is the y-axis. The curve is expressed as a function f(x) in the rectangular coordinate system. To ensure the stability of the system when it is subjected to force, the nonlinear stiffness spring combination adopts an upper and lower symmetrical structure, and the function f(x) represents the upper symmetrical structure. According to the properties of the parallelogram, during the up and down swinging process of the nonlinear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism 3, the elastic force generated when the compression amount of the nonlinear stiffness spring remains unchanged. To facilitate the design of the fitting curve, the nonlinear stiffness spring fitting curve when the combination mechanism is in the working middle position is f(x).

[0053] The use process of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: The nonlinear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism 3 is initially located at 45° above the working middle position, the adjustment fixing mechanism 4 is opened, the clamping block 37 is clamped to the auxiliary roller 11, and the spring-link mechanism 3 is fixed;

[0055] Step 2: Apply weight;

[0056] Step 3: If the slider self-locking mechanism 53 slides downward along the swing rod 15 to a balance position, the pull rod 20 is pulled up to open the slider self-locking mechanism 53;

[0057] Step 4: Press the spring button 36 to close the adjustment and fixing mechanism 4, so that the backpack is suspended and labor-saving.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention that have been described will be understood by those skilled in the art to be subject to various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical adaptive constant-force suspension backpack and an automatic adjustment method, characterized in that It includes the structure of a mechanical adaptive constant-force suspension backpack and a method for automatically adjusting the motion structure parameters according to the load. The mechanical adaptive constant-force suspension backpack includes a non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3), a slider self-locking mechanism (53), an adjustment and fixation mechanism (4), and a rope mechanism (5). The non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3) is installed in the interlayer between the back panel (2) and the backpack bottom plate (6) and swings up and down with the movement of the human body; the slider self-locking mechanism (53) is installed on the swing rod (15) in the non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3) and slides along the swing rod (15) and can be fixed; the adjustment and fixation mechanism (4) is installed on the back of the human body on the back panel (2), and drives the fixed rod (50) to swing by sliding the fixed slider (31), so that the clamping block (37) at the other end of the fixed rod (50) locks the auxiliary roller (11) to fix the non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3); the rope mechanism (5) connects the tension spring (41) and the non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3). During the movement of the human body, the up and down swing of the non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3) drives the tension spring (41) to stretch through the rope mechanism (5). The automatic adjustment method uses a group of equal linear stiffness springs in parallel to fit the non-linear stiffness spring, and automatically adjusts the distance from the main rod (16) to the spring rod fixator (19) of the load, thereby controlling the swing arm length and realizing the adaptive adjustment of the load.

2. The non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3) is composed of a left-right symmetric link mechanism, and a large spring rod (10) and a small spring rod (9) are installed on the link mechanism; the auxiliary roller (17) is installed on the upper swing rod (15) and is sleeved with an auxiliary roller (11), and the auxiliary roller (11) is in the track (28) on the back panel, and the upper track housing (29) is fixedly installed outside the track (28) on the back panel.

3. The slider self-locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed main rod slider (21) is slidably connected to the swing rod (15), and the main rod (16) is connected to its shaft; the locking handle (24) rotates at the lower end of the fixed main rod slider (21), one end of the locking handle (24) is connected to the small locking link (23), the small locking link (23) is connected to the locking block (22), the locking block (22) slides up and down in the track in the fixed main rod slider (21), and the other end of the locking handle (24) is connected to the pull rod (20).

4. The adjustment and fixation mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed slider (31) is fixedly connected to the fixed block clamping plate (35) and slides on the sliding track of the back plate (2); the fixed rod (50) rotates on the axis of the fixed slider (31), the other end of the fixed rod (50) is connected to the clamping block (37), and the clamping block (37) slides in the track clamping groove of the back plate (2); the inclined block (32) is fixedly connected to the fixed spring (33) fixed to the groove block (34), the groove block (34) is fixedly connected to the back plate (2), the other side of the back plate (2) is fixedly connected to the stop block (30), and the stop block (30) is provided with a spring button (36).

5. The non-linear stiffness spring link combination mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: When no load is applied, the non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3) is fixed at the working middle position at 45°.

6. The slider self-locking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The contact surface between the inside of the swing rod (15) and the locking block (22) is made of a high-friction compressible rubber material.

7. The adjusting and fixing mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: The fixed block clamping plate (35) is fixedly connected to the fixed slider (31), and the fixed slider (31) is slidably installed in the preset track of the back plate (2).

8. A mechanical adaptive constant-force suspension backpack automatic adjustment method, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: The non-linear stiffness spring-link combination mechanism (3) is initially located at the working middle position at 45°. Open the adjustment and fixing mechanism (4), lock the clamping block (37) to the auxiliary roller (11), and fix the spring-link mechanism (3). Step 2: Apply a load. Step 3: If the slider self-locking mechanism (53) slides down along the swing rod (15) to the balance position, then pull up the pull rod (20) to open the slider self-locking mechanism (53). Step 4: Press the spring button (36) to close the adjustment and fixing mechanism (4), and the backpack floats to save effort.

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