Carbon dioxide desorption apparatus, method and system based on calcium-based particulate material

Abstract

The application provides a calcium-based particulate material-based carbon dioxide desorption device, method and system, the device comprises an outer shell, an inner shell, an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, a support plate and a plurality of falling pipes; a heating channel is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, the support plate is tightly attached under the action of a preset mechanism to close the material receiving cavity, and the support plate is away from the lower end of the inner shell under the action of air pressure to open the material receiving cavity and communicate the heating channel, so that the calcium-based particulate material in the material receiving cavity flows into the heating channel under the driving of carbon dioxide; the heating channel realizes desorption of carbon dioxide from the calcium-based particulate material. The application constructs a complete material circulation system, guides the orderly flow of the material, ensures the continuity of the desorption process, can accurately control the desorption reaction, greatly improves the desorption rate of carbon dioxide from the calcium-based particulate material, guarantees the stability and high efficiency of the desorption effect, and greatly improves the overall desorption efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon capture, and more specifically, to a carbon dioxide desorption device, method, and system based on calcium-based particulate materials. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon dioxide is a major component of greenhouse gases contributing to global warming, accounting for up to 55% of the greenhouse effect. Climate change caused by emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases has become a global concern. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology refers to the technology of capturing and separating carbon dioxide from relevant concentrated emission combustion sources and storing it using various methods to prevent its release into the atmosphere. It is one of the most effective technological pathways for addressing climate change. Carbon dioxide capture includes two main processes: adsorption and desorption.

[0003] In the desorption process, existing desorption devices lack reasonable material zoning and conveying structures, making it difficult for calcium-based particulate materials to flow orderly during desorption, resulting in low desorption efficiency. For example, material is prone to accumulation and blockage within the device, hindering smooth top-down transport and severely impacting the desorption process. Furthermore, traditional devices often cannot precisely control reaction conditions in the desorption reaction zone design, failing to ensure that the calcium-based particulate materials and carbon dioxide undergo the desorption reaction under optimal conditions. Moreover, the separation and treatment of desorbed materials and gases are inadequate, often leading to incomplete desorption or material waste. For fixed-bed reactors, low heat exchange efficiency and uneven heat transfer make it impossible to guarantee that the desorption reaction takes place within the optimal temperature range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in current technologies, this invention provides a carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials, achieving carbon dioxide capture using calcium-based particulate materials. The specific solution is as follows:

[0005] In the first part, this application proposes a carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials, including an outer shell, an inner shell, an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, a support plate, and multiple drop tubes; the interior of the outer shell is divided from top to bottom into a top area, a material separation area, and a bottom area, with the planes of the upper and lower sealing plates as boundaries respectively;

[0006] Each drop tube has one end connected to the top area via an upper sealing plate and the other end connected to the bottom area via a lower sealing plate, so as to guide the calcium-based granular material in the top area to fall from top to bottom into the bottom area;

[0007] The support plate is elastically connected to the lower end of the inner shell, and together with the outer wall of each drop tube, the inner shell and the upper sealing plate, they form a receiving chamber in the material separation area that is independent of each drop tube; the receiving chamber is used to receive carbon dioxide and calcium-based particulate material to be desorbed.

[0008] A heating channel is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell. The support plate is tightly fitted under a preset mechanical action to close the receiving cavity. Under the action of air pressure, it moves away from the lower end of the inner shell to open the receiving cavity and connect the heating channel, so that the calcium-based granular material in the receiving cavity flows into the heating channel under the action of carbon dioxide.

[0009] The heating channel is used to desorb carbon dioxide from the calcium-based particulate material at a preset desorption temperature, and to allow the desorbed calcium-based particulate material to flow into the top area under the influence of carbon dioxide.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the portion of the outer shell in the material separation area is a heated sidewall, the heated sidewall is provided with a heat insulation layer and is surrounded by heating equipment; the heating channel is the area formed between the heated sidewall and the outer sidewall of the inner shell and surrounds the inner shell.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, there is a gap between the upper sealing plate and the outer shell to connect the heating channel and the top area; the lower sealing plate is connected to the outer shell to fix each drop tube in the bottom area and close the connection between the heating channel and the bottom area;

[0012] The lower sealing plate is spaced from the lower end of the inner shell. The support plate passes through each drop tube and is located between the lower end of the inner shell and the lower sealing plate, so as to move between the lower end of the inner shell and the lower sealing plate under the action of preset action and air pressure.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, an elastic element is provided at the lower end of the inner shell, and the elastic element is connected to the support plate to provide elastic force so that the support plate is tightly attached to the lower end of the inner shell;

[0014] The elastic force exerted by the elastic element on the support plate is greater than the sum of the weight of the support plate and the maximum load that the support plate can bear on the calcium-based particulate material.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe is also included, which is connected to the receiving chamber and is used to output heated carbon dioxide gas to the receiving chamber, so as to heat the calcium-based particulate material before desorption while achieving the gas pressure effect.

[0016] The outlet of the carbon dioxide inlet pipe is aligned with the central area of ​​the support plate to blow carbon dioxide gas toward the central area of ​​the support plate and make the gas flow evenly in all directions.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, a material input pipe is also included, which extends from the top area and connects to the central area of ​​the receiving chamber, and the various falling pipes are evenly distributed around the material input pipe in the material separation area;

[0018] And / or, the bottom area is provided with a material output pipe, which is used to output the desorbed calcium-based granular material.

[0019] In some specific embodiments, the top area is provided with a blocking structure, which is used to block the flow rate of carbon dioxide to separate carbon dioxide and desorbed calcium-based particulate material, so that the calcium-based particulate material falls onto the upper sealing plate and into the drop tube, and the carbon dioxide flows upward; the material on the upper sealing plate falls into the bottom area from the drop tube under the purging of carbon dioxide.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the connection between the support plate and the lower end of the inner shell includes: elastic connection, magnetic connection, or hinge connection.

[0021] Part Two, this application proposes a control method for a carbon dioxide desorption device, characterized in that it is used to control the carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials as described in any one of the first parts; the control method includes:

[0022] Calcium-based granular material with adsorbed carbon dioxide is fed into the receiving chamber and falls onto the support plate at the bottom. The support plate is tightly fitted to the end of the inner shell under mechanical action to ensure the sealing of the receiving chamber.

[0023] High-pressure carbon dioxide gas after heating is introduced into the receiving chamber to increase the gas pressure in the receiving chamber. The support plate gradually moves away from the end of the inner shell, thereby connecting the receiving chamber and the heating channel.

[0024] Calcium-based particulate material adsorbed with carbon dioxide flows into the heating channel under the purging of carbon dioxide.

[0025] When the temperature reaches the preset desorption temperature, the carbon dioxide in the calcium-based particulate material is desorbed.

[0026] The desorbed calcium-based granular material flows into the top zone along the heating channel under the influence of carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide flows out in the top zone. The calcium-based granular material falls directly into the drop pipe in the top zone or is blown into the drop pipe by the upper sealing plate, and finally falls into the bottom zone.

[0027] Part Three, this application proposes a carbon dioxide capture system, characterized in that it includes a collection device, an adsorption device, and a carbon dioxide desorption device as described in any one of Part One;

[0028] The adsorption device is used to adsorb carbon dioxide from flue gas;

[0029] The carbon dioxide desorption device is connected to the adsorption device and is used to desorb calcium-based particulate material that has adsorbed carbon dioxide to obtain carbon dioxide.

[0030] The collection device is connected to the carbon dioxide desorption device and is used to process and store carbon dioxide.

[0031] Beneficial effects: This invention proposes a carbon dioxide desorption device, method, and system based on calcium-based particulate materials. Through reasonable structural design and the coordinated work of components in various regions, a complete material circulation system is constructed, guiding the orderly flow of materials, avoiding disorderly accumulation and blockage of materials in the device, ensuring the continuity of the desorption process, and precisely controlling the desorption reaction to ensure its progress. This significantly improves the desorption rate of carbon dioxide from calcium-based particulate materials, ensures the stability and high efficiency of the desorption effect, and greatly enhances the overall desorption efficiency.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide desorption device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner shell and its interior structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view showing the positions of various parts within the inner shell of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the support plate is tightly attached to the lower end of the inner shell under elastic action;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the support plate moves away from the lower end of the inner shell under air pressure;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of calcium-based particulate material in a desorption device.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow of carbon dioxide gas within a desorption device.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control method of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals: 1-Outer shell; 2-Inner shell; 3-Upper sealing plate; 4-Lower sealing plate; 5-Support plate; 6-Drop pipe; 111-Material input pipe; 131-Material output pipe; 7-Carbon dioxide inlet pipe; 8-Carbon dioxide outlet pipe; 9-Heating equipment; 11-Outer top shell; 12-Heating side wall; 13-Outer bottom shell; 51-Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] This invention proposes a carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials. Precise control ensures the desorption reaction proceeds, increasing the desorption rate of carbon dioxide from the calcium-based particulate materials, guaranteeing the stability and efficiency of the desorption effect, and significantly improving the overall desorption efficiency. See the appendix for details of the system modules. Figure 1 The structural diagram of the carbon dioxide deboning device is shown in the attached instruction manual. Figure 1 As shown.

[0045] A carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials includes an outer shell 1, an inner shell 2, an upper sealing plate 3, a lower sealing plate 4, a support plate 5, and multiple drop tubes 6. The interior of the outer shell 1 is divided from top to bottom into a top zone, a material separation zone, and a bottom zone, with the planes of the upper sealing plate 3 and the lower sealing plate 4 as boundaries. One end of each drop tube 6 is connected to the top zone via the upper sealing plate 3, and the other end is connected to the bottom zone via the lower sealing plate 4, guiding the calcium-based particulate materials in the top zone to fall from top to bottom into the bottom zone. The support plate 5 is elastically connected to the lower end of the inner shell 2 and, together with the outer wall of each drop tube 6, the inner shell 2, and the upper sealing plate 3, forms a material separation zone. The zone forms a receiving chamber independent of each drop pipe 6; the receiving chamber is used to receive carbon dioxide and calcium-based granular material to be desorbed; a heating channel is formed between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2; the support plate 5 is tightly fitted under the action of a preset mechanism to close the receiving chamber, and under the action of air pressure, it moves away from the lower end of the inner shell 2 to open the receiving chamber and connect the heating channel, so that the calcium-based granular material in the receiving chamber flows into the heating channel under the action of carbon dioxide; the heating channel is used to desorb carbon dioxide from the calcium-based granular material at a preset desorption temperature, and to make the desorbed calcium-based granular material flow into the top zone under the action of carbon dioxide.

[0046] In this application, gas pressure is achieved by introducing heated carbon dioxide gas into the receiving chamber. The heated carbon dioxide gas can initially heat the calcium-based granular material. The drop pipes 6 are evenly distributed in the receiving chamber and can also heat the calcium-based granular material in the receiving chamber.

[0047] Appendix Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the inner shell 2 and its internal structure is shown, with appendix. Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the positions of various parts within the inner shell 2. (See attached...) Figure 3 In the middle, the unfilled area inside the inner shell 2 is the receiving cavity, and the filled area is each drop tube 6.

[0048] The desorption process of this application includes: inputting calcium-based granular material adsorbed with carbon dioxide into the receiving chamber and falling onto the support plate 5 at the bottom, while the support plate 5 is tightly attached to the end of the inner shell 2 under mechanical action to ensure the sealing of the receiving chamber; inputting heated carbon dioxide gas into the receiving chamber to increase the gas pressure in the receiving chamber, and the support plate 5 gradually moves away from the end of the inner shell 2, thereby connecting the receiving chamber and the heating channel; the calcium-based granular material adsorbed with carbon dioxide flows into the heating channel under the purging of carbon dioxide; when the temperature reaches the preset desorption temperature, the carbon dioxide in the calcium-based granular material is desorbed; the desorbed calcium-based granular material flows into the top area along the heating channel under the drive of carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide flows out of the carbon dioxide outlet pipe 7 in the top area, and the calcium-based granular material falls directly into the drop pipe 6 in the top area or is purged into the drop pipe 6 by the upper sealing plate 3, and finally falls into the bottom area. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of calcium-based particulate material in a desorption device. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of carbon dioxide gas in a desorption device.

[0049] In this application, the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2 are the main structures of the desorption device. The outer shell 1 encloses the inner shell 2, forming a heating channel between them. The outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2 together constitute the spatial framework of the entire device. The outer shell 1 is a closed shell, creating a relatively sealed space inside, which is interconnected with the outside through a dedicated pipe. Exemplarily, the outer shell 1 includes an outer top shell 11, an outer bottom shell 13, and a heating sidewall 12. The upper end of the heating sidewall 12 is connected to the outer top shell 11, and the lower end is connected to the outer bottom shell 13. The outer bottom shell 13 is mainly used to store the desorbed calcium-based particulate material, while the outer top shell 11 is used to achieve solid-gas separation. The outer top shell 11 is equipped with a carbon dioxide outlet pipe 7 for outputting carbon dioxide.

[0050] The desorption reaction requires specific temperature conditions. The desorption temperature is 800~900℃, therefore a specialized heating device is needed for precise heating. In some specific embodiments, the portion of the outer shell 1 in the material separation area is a heated sidewall 12, which is provided with an insulation layer and surrounded by a heating device 9; the heating channel is the area formed between the heated sidewall 12 and the outer wall of the inner shell 2, surrounding the inner shell 2. This application constructs a specialized heating channel. A specialized area of ​​the outer shell 1 is heated by a heating component, utilizing the space between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2 as the desorption reaction space. For example, electromagnetic heating is used, the heated sidewall 12 is an insulation layer structure, and an electromagnetic heating structure is provided around the insulation layer structure. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic heating heats the heated sidewall 12, and the heated sidewall 12 transfers heat to the heating channel.

[0051] The upper sealing plate 3 and the lower sealing plate 4 are located at the top and bottom of the outer shell 1, respectively. They divide the internal space of the outer shell 1 into a top area, a material separation area, and a bottom area from top to bottom, serving to separate the space and support other components. The top area is where the desorbed calcium-based granular material and carbon dioxide are separated. It corresponds to the outer top shell 11, which is connected to the bottom area through the drop pipe 6, allowing the material to fall from the top area into the bottom area, realizing the circulation of the calcium-based granular material. The bottom area is the final destination of the falling calcium-based granular material, connected to the drop pipe 6, and temporarily stores the calcium-based granular material falling from the top area. In some embodiments, the bottom area is provided with a material output pipe 131, which is used to output the desorbed calcium-based granular material. The material separation area is the area for material flow and reaction, and is the main site of the desorption reaction. The receiving chamber and heating channel are located in the material separation area.

[0052] The receiving chamber is located in the material separation zone. It is composed of a support plate 5, the outer walls of each drop pipe 6, an inner shell 2, and an upper sealing plate 3, and is independent of each drop pipe 6. The receiving chamber is used to receive carbon dioxide and the calcium-based particulate material to be desorbed, and is the area where the material and gas are initially mixed. The calcium-based particulate material to be desorbed enters the receiving chamber through a dedicated pipe.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the desorption device further includes a material input pipe 111, which extends from the top area and connects to the central area of ​​the receiving chamber. Various drop pipes 6 are evenly distributed around the material input pipe in the separating area. In this application, the calcium-based granular material flows from the lower edge of the inner shell 2 into the heating channel. The material input pipe 111 extends into the central area of ​​the receiving chamber, allowing the calcium-based granular material adsorbed with carbon dioxide to diffuse evenly from the center outwards, preventing material concentration in a certain area of ​​the receiving chamber and facilitating sufficient contact and mixing between the material and the subsequently input carbon dioxide gas. The rational arrangement of the material input pipe 111 and the drop pipes 6 reduces the overall volume of the device and improves space utilization while ensuring its functionality.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, a carbon dioxide inlet pipe 7 is also included. The carbon dioxide inlet pipe 7 connects to the receiving chamber, and its outlet is aligned with the central area of ​​the support plate 5 to blow carbon dioxide gas towards the central area of ​​the support plate 5 and allow the gas to flow evenly in all directions. Because the outlet of the carbon dioxide inlet pipe 7 is aligned with the central area of ​​the support plate 5, when carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the receiving chamber, the pressure generated by the gas acts evenly on the support plate 5. This ensures that the support plate 5 can move more smoothly away from the end of the inner shell 2 when subjected to air pressure, thereby opening the receiving chamber and the heating channel, reducing problems such as poor opening or sealing caused by uneven force on the support plate 5, and improving the stability and reliability of the receiving chamber opening process. The gas flows evenly from the central area of ​​the support plate 5 to all directions, which can more effectively purge the calcium-based particulate material adsorbed with carbon dioxide in the receiving chamber. This uniform airflow distribution allows the material to come into more thorough contact with and mix with the input carbon dioxide gas. This facilitates the smooth flow of the material into the heating channel under carbon dioxide purging. Furthermore, the mixing process may lead to a more uniform adsorption state on the material surface, creating more favorable conditions for the subsequent carbon dioxide desorption process and further improving desorption efficiency. The uniformly flowing gas creates a relatively stable and orderly airflow field within the receiving chamber, reducing turbulence and eddies. This not only aids in material transport but also reduces energy loss during gas flow, making the entire device more energy-efficient. Simultaneously, the stable airflow field helps maintain pressure balance within the device, reducing interference from pressure fluctuations in the desorption process.

[0055] The receiving chamber receives the calcium-based granular material to be desorbed, and its opening and closing are controlled by the support plate 5. When the support plate 5 is tightly fitted under preset mechanical action, the receiving chamber is closed to prevent material and gas leakage; when under air pressure, the support plate 5 moves away from the lower end of the inner shell 2, the receiving chamber opens and connects to the heating channel. The support plate 5 is a plate-shaped component located at the bottom of the receiving chamber, and its shape and size are adapted to the bottom of the receiving chamber to ensure complete coverage of the bottom of the receiving chamber, thereby achieving control over the opening and closing of the receiving chamber. Multiple drop tubes 6 are interspersed in the receiving chamber, and the support plate 5 also leaves openings for the drop tubes 6. The up and down movement of the support plate 5 is also achieved through the drop tubes 6. The shape and size of the support plate 5 are adapted to the bottom of the receiving chamber, and it can completely cover the bottom of the receiving chamber, which is the basis for the effective opening and closing of the receiving chamber. The appropriate size and shape ensure the sealing performance when closed, preventing material and gas leakage, and allowing the material to smoothly enter the heating channel when opened. The support plate 5 leaves an opening for the drop pipe 6, allowing it to pass through the receiving chamber and facilitating material flow between the top area, the separating area (receiving chamber), and the bottom area. This design does not affect the normal function of the drop pipe 6 while allowing the support plate 5 to move vertically within its range, thus coordinating the spatial relationships between the components. Simultaneously, multiple drop pipes 6 guide the support plate 5 to always remain on the same path, preventing it from shifting during vertical movement. Shifting could lead to a leak in the receiving chamber, causing material to leak out and affecting the normal operation and desorption effect of the device. The guidance of the drop pipes 6 ensures the stability and accuracy of the support plate 5's movement, thereby guaranteeing the overall reliability of the device.

[0056] In this application, the support plate 5 is the bottom of the receiving chamber. Besides the support plate 5, there is also a lower sealing plate 4, which fixes the falling pipes 6 inside the outer shell 1. Both the lower sealing plate 4 and the upper sealing plate 3 are fixed; only the support plate 5 is movable, and the lower sealing plate 4 is closer to the support plate 5. There is a gap between the lower sealing plate 4 and the lower end of the inner shell 2. The support plate 5 passes through each falling pipe 6 and is located between the lower end of the inner shell 2 and the lower sealing plate 4, allowing it to move between the lower end of the inner shell 2 and the lower sealing plate 4 under preset mechanical action and pneumatic pressure. Under preset mechanical action, the support plate 5 can move to the lower end of the inner shell 2 to fit tightly, sealing the receiving chamber; while under pneumatic pressure, it can move towards the lower sealing plate 4, away from the lower end of the inner shell 2, opening the receiving chamber and connecting it to the heating channel. This arrangement makes the device structure more compact and rational, with a clear spatial layout between the components. The gap between the lower sealing plate 4 and the lower end of the inner shell 2, as well as the movement of the support plate 5 therebetween, are closely related to the functional realization of areas such as the receiving chamber and heating channel. This ensures that the device can operate in an orderly manner at different working stages (such as material storage, opening of the receiving chamber, material conveying and desorption), thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device.

[0057] The support plate 5 is connected to the lower end of the inner shell 2, and its special connection allows it to shift under external force. Specifically, under a pre-set mechanical action, the support plate 5 can fit tightly against the end of the inner shell 2, thus sealing the receiving chamber; however, under the pressure of air within the receiving chamber, the support plate 5 can overcome the mechanical action, move away from the lower end of the inner shell 2, and open the receiving chamber to connect it with the heating channel. Various connection schemes exist for the relationship between the support plate 5 and the inner shell 2. The connection methods between the support plate 5 and the lower end of the inner shell 2 include: elastic connection, magnetic connection, or hinge connection.

[0058] In some embodiments, magnetic material is installed at the lower end of the inner shell 2 and at a position corresponding to the support plate 5, allowing the two to be magnetically attracted together. Under normal circumstances, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet keeps the support plate 5 tightly fitted to the end of the inner shell 2, sealing the receiving cavity. When the air pressure inside the receiving cavity increases, and the thrust generated by the air pressure exceeds the magnetic force, the support plate 5 separates from the inner shell 2, opening the receiving cavity. If an electromagnet is used, the magnetic force can be adjusted by controlling the current to better adapt to different working conditions.

[0059] In some embodiments, a hinge is installed at the lower end of the inner housing 2 and on one side of the support plate 5, allowing the support plate 5 to rotate about the hinge axis. Simultaneously, a locking device can be provided on the other side of the support plate 5. When it is necessary to close the receiving chamber, the support plate 5 is rotated about the hinge until it fits against the end of the inner housing 2 and secured with the locking device. When the air pressure inside the receiving chamber rises to a certain level, the force generated by the air pressure overcomes the resistance of the locking device, causing the support plate 5 to rotate about the hinge and open, connecting the receiving chamber and the heating channel.

[0060] In some embodiments, a guide rail and slider structure is provided at the lower ends of the support plate 5 and the inner shell 2. The guide rail is installed at the lower end of the inner shell 2, and the slider is installed at the edge of the support plate 5. The support plate 5 slides linearly on the guide rail via the slider. By setting a limiting device, it is ensured that the support plate 5 slides within a certain range. When it is necessary to close the receiving chamber, the support plate 5 can be pushed along the guide rail to fit tightly against the end of the inner shell 2 by a mechanical device; when the air pressure in the receiving chamber increases, the air pressure pushes the support plate 5 to overcome a certain frictional force and slide upward along the guide rail, thereby opening the receiving chamber.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, an elastic element 51 is provided at the lower end of the inner shell 2. The elastic element 51 is connected to the support plate 5 and is used to provide elastic force to keep the support plate 5 tightly attached to the lower end of the inner shell 2. The elastic force of the elastic element 51 on the support plate 5 is greater than the sum of the weight of the support plate 5 and the maximum load of the calcium-based granular material it can bear. The elastic connection method is shown in the attached figure. Figure 4As shown in Figure 5. This elastic connection allows the support plate 5 to undergo a certain displacement when subjected to external force. The support plate 5 can fit tightly against the end of the inner shell 2, thereby sealing the receiving cavity; while under the action of air pressure in the receiving cavity, the support plate 5 can overcome the elastic force, move away from the lower end of the inner shell 2, and open the receiving cavity to connect it with the heating channel. The elastic force of the elastic element 51 is limited to ensure that the elastic element 51 will not move downward due to excessive material above the support plate 5.

[0062] Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure showing the support plate 5 elastically connected by the elastic element 51 is shown. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the support plate 5 tightly adhering to the lower end of the inner shell 2 under the action of the elastic element 51. At this time, the receiving cavity and the heating channel are closed. Range C in the diagram represents the range of motion of the support plate 5. (Attached) Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the support plate 5 moving away from the lower end of the inner shell 2 under the action of air pressure. At this time, the receiving chamber and the heating channel are connected.

[0063] As the receiving chamber opens, continuously supplied carbon dioxide gas creates an airflow within it. This airflow purifies the calcium-based granular material containing adsorbed carbon dioxide stored in the chamber. Due to the fluidity of the calcium-based granular material, under the purging force of the carbon dioxide gas, the material flows along the open passage, towards the heating channel, and eventually into the heating channel. Simultaneously, the supplied carbon dioxide is pre-heated, providing initial heating to the calcium-based granular material.

[0064] The heating channel, located between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2, is the core area for the desorption of carbon dioxide from calcium-based particulate matter. By controlling the temperature and providing suitable space, it ensures the smooth progress of the desorption reaction and is a key part of the entire carbon dioxide desorption device. At the preset desorption temperature, calcium-based particulate matter flowing into the receiving chamber enters this channel under the influence of carbon dioxide. Here, carbon dioxide desorbs from the calcium-based particulate matter. As carbon dioxide desorbs, the desorbed calcium-based particulate matter and carbon dioxide gas continue to flow within the heating channel. Due to the certain flow rate of carbon dioxide, it carries the desorbed calcium-based particulate matter towards the top area. This process not only achieves material transport but also performs preliminary separation of the desorbed gas-solid mixture to a certain extent. The desorbed calcium-based particulate matter flows back into the top area under the influence of carbon dioxide, realizing material circulation and the carbon dioxide desorption process. The heating channel is located in the annular space between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2; this unique location design provides a suitable environment for the desorption reaction of calcium-based particulate matter and carbon dioxide.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, there is a gap between the upper sealing plate 3 and the outer shell 1 to connect the heating channel and the top area; the lower sealing plate 4 is connected to the outer shell 1 to fix each drop tube 6 in the bottom area and to close the connection between the heating channel and the bottom area. The specific structure is shown in the attached figure.

[0066] A gap exists between the upper sealing plate 3 and the outer shell 1, a design that connects the heating channel and the top area. This allows the calcium-based granular material, after carbon dioxide desorption in the heating channel, to flow smoothly into the top area under the influence of carbon dioxide gas, completing the material recycling. Simultaneously, it provides a channel for gas flow between the top area and the heating channel, ensuring gas circulation within the device and helping to maintain pressure balance. As a component of the device, the upper sealing plate 3 serves a supporting and separating function. It divides the internal space of the outer shell 1 into a top area and a material separation area, providing a mounting base for components such as the drop pipe 6, ensuring the stability and integrity of the device structure.

[0067] The lower sealing plate 4 connects to the outer casing 1, fixing each drop pipe 6 in the bottom area and ensuring its stable position. This allows the calcium-based granular material to accurately fall from the top area to the bottom area along the drop pipe 6, guaranteeing the reliability of the material conveying path. The lower sealing plate 4 seals off the connection between the heating channel and the bottom area, preventing gas and material from flowing directly into the bottom area and ensuring the independence of each area's function. During operation, interference between different areas is avoided, allowing the material to undergo sufficient carbon dioxide desorption in the heating channel before entering the top and bottom areas along a predetermined path, thus improving the device's efficiency and stability.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, a blocking structure is provided in the top region to block the flow rate of carbon dioxide, thereby separating the carbon dioxide from the desorbed calcium-based particulate material. This allows the calcium-based particulate material to fall onto the upper sealing plate 3 and into the drop pipe 6, while the carbon dioxide flows upward. The material on the upper sealing plate 3 falls into the bottom region from the drop pipe 6 under the purging effect of the carbon dioxide. When the desorbed calcium-based particulate material and carbon dioxide flow together into the top region from the heating channel, the blocking structure impedes the high-speed flow of carbon dioxide, reducing its flow rate. Due to the different physical properties (such as density) of carbon dioxide and calcium-based particulate material, they separate when the flow rate decreases. The calcium-based particulate material, due to its greater gravity, overcomes the lifting force of the gas and falls onto the upper sealing plate 3 under the influence of the blocking structure. The lighter carbon dioxide gas changes its flow direction under the action of the blocking structure and flows upward out of the top region. The calcium-based particulate material falling onto the upper sealing plate 3 is then purged into the drop pipe 6 by the continuing flow of carbon dioxide gas into the top region. Because the drop pipe 6 is connected to both the top and bottom zones, the material will eventually fall into the bottom zone along the drop pipe 6. This completes the cycle of the calcium-based granular material from the top zone to the lower sealing plate 4, and then back to the bottom zone through the drop pipe 6, preparing for the next round of carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption. The blocking structure regulates the carbon dioxide flow rate, allowing the gas to flow upwards and out of the top zone in an orderly manner. This optimizes the gas flow path within the device, helps maintain pressure balance, reduces potential problems caused by poor gas flow, and further improves the overall performance of the device.

[0069] In some embodiments, a heating structure is also provided in the top area to utilize the heat generated by the heating channel. This fully utilizes the excess heat generated by the heating channel during the carbon dioxide desorption process, avoiding heat waste and improving energy efficiency. The heating structure primarily heats other processes within the carbon dioxide capture process, rather than the desorption process itself. By collecting heat that might otherwise be lost and using it in other processes, energy is utilized in a cascade manner. For example, other processes may require preheating or raising the temperature of certain liquids, gases, or solids; the heat provided by the heating structure can meet these needs, reducing additional energy consumption, improving the overall energy efficiency of the carbon dioxide capture system, and lowering operating costs.

[0070] This application also proposes a control method for a carbon dioxide desorption device, used to control the carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials described in any of the above claims; the flow chart of the control method is attached. Figure 8 As shown, it specifically includes:

[0071] 101. Input the calcium-based granular material with adsorbed carbon dioxide into the receiving chamber and let it fall into the support plate at the bottom. The support plate is tightly attached to the end of the inner shell under mechanical action to ensure the sealing of the receiving chamber.

[0072] 102. High-pressure carbon dioxide gas after heating is introduced into the receiving chamber to increase the gas pressure in the receiving chamber. The support plate gradually moves away from the end of the inner shell, thereby opening the receiving chamber and the heating channel.

[0073] 103. Calcium-based particulate material adsorbed with carbon dioxide flows into the heating channel under the purging of carbon dioxide.

[0074] 104. When the temperature reaches the preset desorption temperature, the carbon dioxide in the calcium-based granular material is desorbed.

[0075] 105. The desorbed calcium-based granular material flows into the top zone along the heating channel under the influence of carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide flows out in the top zone. The calcium-based granular material falls directly into the drop pipe in the top zone or is blown into the drop pipe by the upper sealing plate, and finally falls into the bottom zone.

[0076] This application also proposes a carbon dioxide capture system, including a collection device, an adsorption device, and a carbon dioxide desorption device of any one of the above; the adsorption device is used to adsorb carbon dioxide in flue gas; the carbon dioxide desorption device is connected to the adsorption device and is used to desorb calcium-based particulate material adsorbed with carbon dioxide to obtain carbon dioxide; the collection device is connected to the carbon dioxide desorption device and is used to process and store carbon dioxide.

[0077] This invention proposes a carbon dioxide desorption device, method, and system based on calcium-based particulate materials. Through rational structural design and the coordinated operation of components in various regions, a complete material circulation system is constructed, guiding the orderly flow of materials and avoiding disorderly accumulation and blockage within the device. This ensures the continuity of the desorption process and allows for precise control, significantly improving the desorption rate of carbon dioxide from calcium-based particulate materials. It guarantees the stability and efficiency of the desorption effect, greatly enhancing the overall desorption efficiency.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing systems. They can be centralized on a single computing system or distributed across a network of multiple computing systems. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby allowing them to be stored in a storage system for execution by the computing system. Alternatively, they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0079] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0080] The above-disclosed examples are only a few specific implementation scenarios of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials, characterized in that, It includes an outer shell, an inner shell, an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, a support plate, and multiple drop tubes; the interior of the outer shell is divided from top to bottom into a top area, a material separation area, and a bottom area, with the planes of the upper and lower sealing plates as boundaries respectively; Each drop tube has one end connected to the top area via an upper sealing plate and the other end connected to the bottom area via a lower sealing plate, so as to guide the calcium-based granular material in the top area to fall from top to bottom into the bottom area; The support plate is elastically connected to the lower end of the inner shell, and together with the outer wall of each drop tube, the inner shell and the upper sealing plate, they form a receiving chamber in the material separation area that is independent of each drop tube; the receiving chamber is used to receive carbon dioxide and calcium-based particulate material to be desorbed. A heating channel is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell. The support plate is tightly fitted under a preset mechanical action to close the receiving cavity. Under the action of air pressure, it moves away from the lower end of the inner shell to open the receiving cavity and connect the heating channel, so that the calcium-based granular material in the receiving cavity flows into the heating channel under the action of carbon dioxide. The heating channel is used to desorb carbon dioxide from the calcium-based particulate material at a preset desorption temperature, and to allow the desorbed calcium-based particulate material to flow into the top area under the influence of carbon dioxide.

2. The carbon dioxide desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portion of the outer shell in the material separation area is a heated sidewall, which is provided with an insulation layer and surrounded by heating equipment; the heating channel is the area formed between the heated sidewall and the outer sidewall of the inner shell and surrounds the inner shell.

3. The carbon dioxide desorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between the upper sealing plate and the outer shell to connect the heating channel and the top area; the lower sealing plate is connected to the outer shell to fix each drop tube in the bottom area and close the connection between the heating channel and the bottom area. The lower sealing plate is spaced from the lower end of the inner shell. The support plate passes through each drop tube and is located between the lower end of the inner shell and the lower sealing plate, so as to move between the lower end of the inner shell and the lower sealing plate under the action of preset action and air pressure.

4. The carbon dioxide desorption apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic element is provided at the lower end of the inner shell, and the elastic element is connected to the support plate to provide elastic force so that the support plate is tightly attached to the lower end of the inner shell; The elastic force exerted by the elastic element on the support plate is greater than the sum of the weight of the support plate and the maximum load that the support plate can bear on the calcium-based particulate material.

5. The carbon dioxide desorption apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a carbon dioxide inlet pipe, which is connected to the receiving chamber and is used to output heated carbon dioxide gas to the receiving chamber, so as to heat the calcium-based granular material before desorption while achieving the gas pressure effect. The outlet of the carbon dioxide inlet pipe is aligned with the central area of ​​the support plate to blow carbon dioxide gas toward the central area of ​​the support plate and make the gas flow evenly in all directions.

6. The carbon dioxide desorption apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a material input pipe, which extends from the top area and connects to the central area of ​​the receiving chamber, with each drop pipe evenly distributed around the material input pipe in the material separation area; And / or, the bottom area is provided with a material output pipe, which is used to output the desorbed calcium-based granular material.

7. The carbon dioxide desorption apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top area is provided with a blocking structure, which is used to block the flow rate of carbon dioxide to separate carbon dioxide and desorbed calcium-based particulate material, so that the calcium-based particulate material falls onto the upper sealing plate and into the drop pipe, and the carbon dioxide flows upward; the material on the upper sealing plate falls into the bottom area from the drop pipe under the purging of carbon dioxide.

8. The carbon dioxide desorption apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the support plate and the lower end of the inner shell can be achieved through: elastic connection, magnetic connection, or hinge connection.

9. A control method for a carbon dioxide desorption device, characterized in that, A method for controlling the carbon dioxide desorption device based on calcium-based particulate materials as described in any one of claims 1-8; the control method includes: Calcium-based granular material with adsorbed carbon dioxide is fed into the receiving chamber and falls onto the support plate at the bottom. The support plate is tightly fitted to the end of the inner shell under mechanical action to ensure the sealing of the receiving chamber. High-pressure carbon dioxide gas after heating is introduced into the receiving chamber to increase the gas pressure in the receiving chamber. The support plate gradually moves away from the end of the inner shell, thereby connecting the receiving chamber and the heating channel. Calcium-based particulate material adsorbed with carbon dioxide flows into the heating channel under the purging of carbon dioxide. When the temperature reaches the preset desorption temperature, the carbon dioxide in the calcium-based particulate material is desorbed. The desorbed calcium-based granular material flows into the top zone along the heating channel under the influence of carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide flows out in the top zone. The calcium-based granular material falls directly into the drop pipe in the top zone or is blown into the drop pipe by the upper sealing plate, and finally falls into the bottom zone.

10. A carbon dioxide capture system, characterized in that, Includes a collection device, an adsorption device, and a carbon dioxide desorption device as described in any one of claims 1-8; The adsorption device is used to adsorb carbon dioxide from flue gas; The carbon dioxide desorption device is connected to the adsorption device and is used to desorb calcium-based particulate material that has adsorbed carbon dioxide to obtain carbon dioxide. The collection device is connected to the carbon dioxide desorption device and is used to process and store carbon dioxide.

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