Saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar and preparation method of saline-alkali soil conditioner

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation technology thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement. The core component of the modifier is an efficient modifier, and the preparation process of the modifier is as follows: firstly, dissolving terephthalic acid in N, N-dimethylformamide according to a weight ratio, heating, then introducing tin isooctanoate, mixing, and then sequentially adding chitosan oligosaccharide, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and sodium ascorbate. In a tubular furnace, heating to a target temperature at a preset heating rate, reacting under the protection of nitrogen, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature, so as to obtain the modifier. The improvement effect of the saline-alkali soil is remarkably improved by blending the innovative modifier and the complex microbial inoculant into the traditional fertilizer. The fertilizer not only can effectively improve the quality of cucumbers, but also can prevent the invasion of clasthosporium cucumerinum, and has excellent graded release and intelligent regulation and control characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil treatment. Specifically, it relates to a saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali soil refers to a type of soil with excessive salt and alkaline substance content. This kind of soil exists widely all over the world, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Saline-alkali soil severely restricts the growth and development of crops because the high salinity and alkaline environment will inhibit the normal physiological functions of plant roots and hinder the effective absorption and utilization of nutrients by plants.

[0003] In order to improve the texture and properties of saline-alkali soil, researchers have continuously studied effective soil conditioners and improvement methods. Among them, biochar, as an emerging soil conditioner, has attracted much attention in recent years. Biochar is a carbonaceous material obtained by pyrolyzing biomass under anaerobic conditions. It has a porous structure and a high specific surface area, and can adsorb and fix salts and heavy metals in the soil, improve the soil structure, and enhance soil fertility and water retention capacity.

[0004] The method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is as follows: First, select suitable biomass as raw materials, such as straw, wood chips, etc. Then, carbonize these biomass, that is, conduct high-temperature pyrolysis under anaerobic conditions to obtain biochar. Next, mix the biochar with other soil conditioners or additives, such as organic substances, minerals, etc., to improve the comprehensive effect of the conditioner. Finally, through processes such as crushing and screening, prepare the mixture into granular or powdery soil conditioner for easy application and utilization.

[0005] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar has multiple action mechanisms. First, due to its excellent adsorption ability, biochar can effectively adsorb salts and heavy metals in the soil and reduce their toxic effects on plants. Second, the porous structure of biochar helps to improve soil permeability and water retention capacity, and enhance soil fertility and water use efficiency. In addition, biochar can also provide nutrients required by plants and promote the growth and activities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, further improving the soil environment.

[0006] This kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is a new type of soil conditioner and has the potential to improve the properties and texture of saline-alkali soil. By selecting suitable biomass raw materials and mixing them with other soil conditioners, a conditioner with multiple functions can be prepared. The preparation method of this conditioner is relatively simple and has a wide application prospect, and is expected to become a feasible solution to solve the problem of saline-alkali soil. Summary of the Invention

[0007] 1. Problems to be Solved

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar and a preparation method thereof. Tests show that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the single-plant yield (ranging from 8.1 kg to 8.4 kg) in Examples 1-5 is higher, the average fruit-setting rate (ranging from 89% to 96%) is higher, and the average infection rate (ranging from 4.7% to 5.1%) is lower. It can be seen that the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-5 can effectively improve the quality of cucumbers and prevent the infection of Corynespora cassiicola; among them, the fertilizer prepared in Example 5 has relatively large significant differences in various indicators. In addition, the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-5 can significantly reduce the electrical conductivity (EC) and salt content of the soil, and at the same time increase the content of available nutrients such as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil; among them, the fertilizer prepared in Example 5 shows significant differences in all indicators, and the effect is particularly prominent. To sum up, the present invention introduces a modifier and a compound microbial agent into the traditional basic fertilizer, which has a good improvement effect on saline-alkali land. The above fertilizers can not only effectively improve the quality of cucumbers, but also prevent the infection of Corynespora cassiicola.

[0009] 2. Technical solution

[0010] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0011] A saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, calculated by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0012] 140 parts - 200 parts of rice husk ash,

[0013] 20 parts - 40 parts of biochar,

[0014] 30 parts - 60 parts of boric acid,

[0015] 10 parts - 17 parts of modifier,

[0016] 5 parts - 10 parts of sodium silicate,

[0017] 5 parts - 10 parts of sodium alginate,

[0018] 2 parts - 6 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0019] 0.2 parts - 0.8 parts of Aspergillus niger.

[0020] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, calculated by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0021] 160 parts - 190 parts of rice husk ash,

[0022] 20 parts - 40 parts of biochar,

[0023] 40 parts - 60 parts of boric acid,

[0024] 10 to 15 parts of modifier,

[0025] 5 to 10 parts of sodium silicate,

[0026] 5 to 10 parts of sodium alginate,

[0027] 2 to 6 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0028] 0.2 to 0.8 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0029] The biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner described above, in parts by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0030] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0031] 30 parts of biochar,

[0032] 50 parts of boric acid,

[0033] 13 parts of modifier,

[0034] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0035] 7 parts of sodium alginate,

[0036] 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0037] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0038] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0039] The preparation method of the rice husk ash comprises the following steps: burning the rice husks for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0040] For the biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner described above, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0041] In parts by weight, add 2 to 6 parts of terephthalic acid to 50 to 75 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, and heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h. Then add 1 to 5 parts of stannous isooctoate, mix, and then add 20 to 30 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide. Subsequently, add 1 to 3 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 5 to 8 parts of sodium ascorbate. Then, in a tube furnace, heat at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h. Finally, naturally cool to room temperature to obtain it.

[0042] A preparation method of a biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) Pulping rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0044] (2) Obtaining a mud cake from the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1) through a filter press;

[0045] (3) Mixing the mud cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, a modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, performing a mixing ratio through a mixing box, then performing ultrafine grinding with an ultrafine grinder, subsequently stirring with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform, making it into a granular substance with uniform size through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine, finally obtaining a granular biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner.

[0046] The preparation method of the biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner is characterized in that:

[0047] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash pulp is 40% to 55%.

[0048] 3. Beneficial effects

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0050] Tests show that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the single-plant yield in Examples 1-5 (ranging from 8.1 kg to 8.4 kg) is higher, the average fruit-setting rate (ranging from 89% to 96%) is higher, and the average infection rate (ranging from 4.7% to 5.1%) is lower. It can be seen that the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-5 can effectively improve the quality of cucumbers and prevent the infection of Corynespora cassiicola; among them, for the fertilizer prepared in Example 5, the significant differences in various indicators are relatively large. In summary, the present invention introduces a modifier and a compound microbial agent into the traditional basic fertilizer, which has a good improvement effect on saline-alkali land. The above fertilizers can not only effectively improve the quality of cucumbers, but also prevent the infection of Corynespora cassiicola. Specifically, it can increase the soil pH value: Biochar has a high pH value, which can neutralize the acidic substances in saline-alkali soil, increase the soil pH value, and reduce the soil acidity. Increase the soil organic matter content: Biochar is a material rich in organic matter, which can increase the organic matter content in saline-alkali soil and improve the soil fertility. Improve the soil structure: Biochar has a good pore structure, which can improve the structure of saline-alkali soil and enhance the soil water-holding and fertilizer-holding capacity. Promote soil microbial activities: Biochar can provide a good growth environment for soil microorganisms, promote the activities of soil microorganisms, and increase the soil microbial activity. Reduce the heavy metal content in the soil: Biochar can adsorb heavy metal ions in the soil, reduce the heavy metal content in the soil, and reduce the soil heavy metal pollution. The addition of the modifier can further enhance the performance of the soil conditioner. The modifier can improve the hydrophobicity of biochar, making it more difficult to be hydrolyzed, thereby prolonging the retention time of biochar in the soil. The modifier can also improve the adsorption capacity of biochar for heavy metal ions and reduce the heavy metal content in the soil. Specifically, the pH adjustment effect: Terephthalic acid is an organic acid. When mixed and heated with N,N-dimethylformamide during the preparation process, it may cause an increase in the acidity of the reaction system. In saline-alkali soil, the alkalinity is relatively high in some areas. Adding terephthalic acid helps to reduce the soil pH value and make it closer to neutral, thereby improving the soil acid-base conditions. Organic matter addition: Terephthalic acid is an organic compound, and its addition can increase the organic matter content of the soil. The addition of organic matter helps to improve the soil structure, increase the water-holding and fertilizer-holding capacity of the soil, and improve the soil fertility and nutrient supply capacity. Antioxidant regulation: Sodium ascorbate, as an antioxidant, can directly neutralize the active oxygen free radicals in the soil; 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) can activate the plant endogenous antioxidant defense system (such as superoxide dismutase SOD) to synergistically relieve the oxidative stress caused by saline-alkali soil, reduce the accumulation of harmful ions and oxidation products, and thus improve the plant growth environment. Metal ion stability: Tin 2-ethylhexanoate is an organometallic compound, and its addition may help to stabilize the metal ions in the soil. In saline-alkali soil, the release and mobility of some metal ions (such as heavy metal ions) may be increased, which may be toxic to plants.The addition of tin octoate helps to stabilize these metal ions and reduce their potential harm to plants. Detailed implementation mode

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0054] 140 parts of rice husk ash,

[0055] 40 parts of biochar,

[0056] 30 parts of boric acid,

[0057] 17 parts of modifier,

[0058] 5 parts of sodium silicate,

[0059] 10 parts of sodium alginate,

[0060] 2 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0061] 0.2 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0062] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron sesquioxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0063] The preparation method of the rice husk ash comprises the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0064] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0065] In parts by weight, add 2 parts of terephthalic acid to 75 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h, then add 1 part of tin octoate, mix, then add 30 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, then add 1 part of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 8 parts of sodium ascorbate, then heat in a tubular furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h, and finally naturally cool to room temperature to obtain.

[0066] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) Pulverize the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash slurry;

[0068] (2) Filter press the rice husk ash slurry obtained in step (1) to obtain a filter cake.

[0069] (3) Mix and add biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger to the filter cake obtained in step (2), mix and proportion through a mixing box, then ultra-finely grind with an ultra-fine grinder, and then stir with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform, make it into a granular substance with uniform size through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain a granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0070] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0071] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 40%.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0074] 200 parts of rice husk ash,

[0075] 20 parts of biochar,

[0076] 60 parts of boric acid,

[0077] 10 parts of modifier,

[0078] 10 parts of sodium silicate,

[0079] 5 parts of sodium alginate,

[0080] 6 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0081] 0.8 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0082] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0083] The preparation method of the rice husk ash comprises the following steps: Burn the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; After natural cooling, grind and sieve to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0084] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0085] 6 parts of terephthalic acid were added to 50 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide by weight, and heated in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h. Then, 5 parts of stannous octoate were added. After mixing, 20 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide were added. Subsequently, 3 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 5 parts of sodium ascorbate were added. Then, the temperature was raised to 180 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min in a tube furnace, and reacted in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h. Finally, it was naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0086] A preparation method of a saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, comprising the following steps:

[0087] (1) Pulping rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0088] (2) Obtaining a cake through a filter press for the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1);

[0089] (3) Mixing the cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, and performing a mixing ratio through a mixing box. Then, performing ultrafine grinding with an ultrafine grinder, and subsequently stirring with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform. Making it into a granular substance with uniform size through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine, finally obtaining the granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0090] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0091] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash pulp is 55%.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0094] 160 parts of rice husk ash,

[0095] 40 parts of biochar,

[0096] 40 parts of boric acid,

[0097] 15 parts of modifier,

[0098] 5 parts of sodium silicate,

[0099] 10 parts of sodium alginate,

[0100] 2 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0101] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0102] Silica content is 50% - 85%, potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0103] The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: burning the rice husks for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; after natural cooling, grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0104] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0105] By weight, add 2 parts of terephthalic acid to 75 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, and heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h. Then add 1 part of stannous octoate, mix, add 20 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, then add 1 part of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 8 parts of sodium ascorbate. Then, in a tubular furnace, heat at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h. Finally, naturally cool to room temperature to obtain it.

[0106] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following steps:

[0107] (1) Pulverize the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash slurry;

[0108] (2) Obtain a cake from the rice husk ash slurry obtained in step (1) through a filter press;

[0109] (3) Mix and add biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger to the cake obtained in step (2), and perform mixing and proportioning through a mixing box. Then, use an ultrafine pulverizer for ultrafine pulverization, and then stir through a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform. Make it into uniformly sized granular substances through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain the granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0110] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0111] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 45%.

[0112] Example 4

[0113] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, by weight, includes the following raw materials:

[0114] 190 parts of rice husk ash,

[0115] 20 parts of biochar,

[0116] 60 parts of boric acid,

[0117] 10 parts of modifier,

[0118] 10 parts of sodium silicate,

[0119] 5 parts of sodium alginate,

[0120] 3 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0121] 0.7 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0122] The silica content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, and the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%. The balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0123] The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0124] For the saline - alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0125] By weight, add 6 parts of terephthalic acid to 50 parts of N,N - dimethylformamide, and heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h. Then add 5 parts of stannous isooctanoate, mix, then add 20 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, and then add 3 parts of 5 - aminolevulinic acid (5 - ALA) and 5 parts of sodium ascorbate. Then heat in a tubular furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h. Finally, naturally cool to room temperature to obtain it.

[0126] The preparation method of the saline - alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following steps:

[0127] (1) Pulp the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0128] (2) Obtain a cake through a filter press for the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1);

[0129] (3) Mix and add biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger to the cake obtained in step (2), and perform mixing and proportioning through a mixing box. Then use an ultrafine grinder for ultrafine grinding, and then stir through a high - speed stirrer to make the components uniform. Make it into uniformly sized granular substances through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain the granular saline - alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0130] The preparation method of the saline - alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0131] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 50%.

[0132] Example 5

[0133] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following raw materials by weight:

[0134] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0135] 30 parts of biochar,

[0136] 50 parts of boric acid,

[0137] 13 parts of modifier,

[0138] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0139] 7 parts of sodium alginate,

[0140] 3 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0141] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0142] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0143] The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0144] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0145] By weight, add 4 parts of terephthalic acid to 60 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h, then add 3 parts of stannous isooctanoate, mix, then add 25 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, then add 2 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 7 parts of sodium ascorbate, then heat in a tubular furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h, and finally naturally cool to room temperature to obtain.

[0146] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following steps:

[0147] (1) Pulp the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash slurry;

[0148] (2) Obtain a cake through a filter press from the rice husk ash slurry obtained in step (1);

[0149] (3) Mix the mud cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, and perform mixing and proportioning through a mixing box. Then, perform ultrafine grinding with an ultrafine grinder. Subsequently, stir with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform, and make it into granular substances of uniform size through a vacuum granulator. Then, use a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain a granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0150] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0151] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 47%.

[0152] Comparative Example 1

[0153] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0154] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0155] 30 parts of biochar,

[0156] 13 parts of modifier,

[0157] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0158] 7 parts of sodium alginate,

[0159] 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0160] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0161] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0162] The preparation method of the rice husk ash comprises the following steps: Burn the rice husks for 1.0 - 1.5 h, and the burning temperature is 550 - 630 °C; After natural cooling, grind and sieve to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0163] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0164] 4 parts of terephthalic acid were added to 60 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide by weight, and heated in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h. Then, 3 parts of stannous isooctanoate were added. After mixing, 25 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide were added, and then 2 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 7 parts of sodium ascorbate were added. Then, the temperature was raised to 180 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min in a tubular furnace, and reacted in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h. Finally, it was naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the product.

[0165] A preparation method of a saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, comprising the following steps:

[0166] (1) Pulverize rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0167] (2) Obtain a cake from the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1) through a filter press;

[0168] (3) Mix the cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, a modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, and Aspergillus niger, and perform a mixing ratio through a mixing box. Then, perform ultrafine grinding with an ultrafine grinder, and then stir with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform. Make it into granular substances with uniform size through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain a granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0169] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0170] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash pulp is 47%.

[0171] Comparative Example 2

[0172] A saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, comprising the following raw materials by weight:

[0173] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0174] 30 parts of biochar,

[0175] 50 parts of boric acid,

[0176] 13 parts of modifier,

[0177] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0178] 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0179] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0180] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0181] The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0182] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0183] By weight, add 4 parts of terephthalic acid to 60 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, and heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h. Then add 3 parts of stannous octoate, mix, add 25 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, then add 2 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 7 parts of sodium ascorbate. Then heat in a tube furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h. Finally, naturally cool to room temperature to obtain it.

[0184] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following steps:

[0185] (1) Pulping the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0186] (2) Obtaining a cake through a filter press from the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1);

[0187] (3) Mix the cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, and perform mixing and proportioning through a mixing box. Then use an ultrafine pulverizer for ultrafine pulverization, and then stir through a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform. Make it into granular substances with uniform size through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain the granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0188] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0189] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash pulp is 47%.

[0190] Comparative Example 3

[0191] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, by weight, includes the following raw materials:

[0192] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0193] 30 parts of biochar,

[0194] 50 parts of boric acid,

[0195] 13 parts of modifier,

[0196] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0197] 7 parts of sodium alginate,

[0198] 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0199] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0200] The silica content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, and the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%. The balance is organic matter and other mineral components;

[0201] The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; grinding and sieving after natural cooling so that the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0202] For the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0203] By weight, add 4 parts of terephthalic acid to 60 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h, then add 3 parts of stannous isooctanoate, mix, add 25 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, then add 7 parts of sodium ascorbate, then heat in a tube furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h, and finally cool to room temperature naturally to obtain it.

[0204] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following steps:

[0205] (1) Pulp the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0206] (2) Obtain a cake through a filter press from the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1);

[0207] (3) Mix and add biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger to the cake obtained in step (2), perform mixing and proportioning through a mixing box, then perform ultrafine grinding with an ultrafine grinder, then stir with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform, make it into a granular substance with uniform size through a vacuum granulator, and then through a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain the granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0208] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0209] The mass percentage of the rice husk ash pulp in step (1) is 47%.

[0210] Comparative Example 4

[0211] The biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0212] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0213] 30 parts of biochar,

[0214] 50 parts of boric acid,

[0215] 13 parts of modifier,

[0216] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0217] 7 parts of sodium alginate,

[0218] 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0219] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0220] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0221] The preparation method of the rice husk ash comprises the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0222] For the biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner, the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:

[0223] In parts by weight, add 4 parts of terephthalic acid to 60 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h, add 25 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide after mixing, then add 2 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 7 parts of sodium ascorbate, and then heat in a tube furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h, and finally naturally cool to room temperature to obtain it.

[0224] The preparation method of the biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0225] (1) Pulp the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash pulp;

[0226] (2) Obtain a cake by passing the rice husk ash pulp obtained in step (1) through a filter press;

[0227] (3) Mix the mud cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, and perform mixing and proportioning through a mixing box. Then, perform ultrafine grinding using an ultrafine grinder. Subsequently, stir it evenly through a high-speed stirrer, and make it into granular substances of uniform size through a vacuum granulator. Then, use a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain the granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0228] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0229] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 47%.

[0230] Comparative Example 5

[0231] The saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar, by weight, comprises the following raw materials:

[0232] 180 parts of rice husk ash,

[0233] 30 parts of biochar,

[0234] 50 parts of boric acid,

[0235] 8 parts of sodium silicate,

[0236] 7 parts of sodium alginate,

[0237] 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis,

[0238] 0.5 part of Aspergillus niger.

[0239] The silicon dioxide content is 50% - 85%, the potassium oxide content is 5% - 10%, the calcium oxide content is 2% - 5%, the magnesium oxide content is 1% - 3%, and the iron(III) oxide content is 0.1% - 2%. The balance is organic substances and other mineral components;

[0240] The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: Burn the rice husks for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; After natural cooling, grind and sieve to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0241] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar includes the following steps:

[0242] (1) Make the rice husk ash into a slurry through a pulp generator to obtain a rice husk ash slurry;

[0243] (2) Obtain a mud cake from the rice husk ash slurry obtained in step (1) through a filter press;

[0244] (3) Mix the mud cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, and perform a mixing ratio through a mixing box. Then, perform ultrafine grinding with an ultrafine grinder. Subsequently, stir with a high-speed stirrer to make the components uniform, and make it into granular substances of uniform size through a vacuum granulator. Then, use a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain a granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

[0245] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar is characterized in that:

[0246] In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 47%.

[0247] Example 6

[0248] Select the soil conditioners prepared in Examples 1-5 and the soil conditioners prepared in Comparative Examples 1-5 for the following tests:

[0249] The specific test method is as follows: Select a cucumber test site in Hefei, Anhui (total salt content is 3.1%). After transplanting healthy cucumber vines (in the initial flowering stage, cucumber seeds are purchased from Tianjin Derui Special Seed Industry Co., Ltd., variety "Open-field Cucumber Seeds - Deruite 10"), apply the above-mentioned soil conditioner (apply 2 kg of soil conditioner and 10 kg of urea per square meter of saline-alkali land). Subsequently, conduct an infection test of Corynespora cassiicola during the fruiting period of the cucumber vines, observe the cucumber traits, and measure the quality of the cucumbers.

[0250] Table 1 Detection Report

[0251]

[0252]

[0253] The tests show that (combined with Table 1), compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the single-plant yield in Examples 1-5 (ranging from 8.1 kg to 8.4 kg) is higher, the average fruit-setting rate (ranging from 89% to 96%) is higher, and the average infection rate (ranging from 4.7% to 5.1%) is lower. It can be seen that the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-5 can effectively improve the quality of cucumbers and prevent the infection of Corynespora cassiicola; among them, the fertilizer prepared in Example 5 has relatively large significant differences in various indicators.

[0254] Take soil samples for testing, and the effects of different treatments on the saline-alkali soil indicators are shown in Table 2.

[0255] Table 2 Effects of Different Treatments on Saline-alkali Soil Indicators

[0256]

[0257] Tests show that (in combination with Table 2), compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, Examples 1-5 can effectively reduce the pH value, conductivity and salt content of saline-alkali soil, and significantly improve the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in the soil; among them, the fertilizer prepared in Example 5 has relatively large significant differences in various indicators.

[0258] In summary, the present invention introduces a modifier and a compound microbial agent into the traditional basic fertilizer, which plays a good role in improving saline-alkali land. The above fertilizer can not only effectively improve the quality of cucumbers, but also prevent the infection of Corynespora cassiicola.

[0259] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention.

[0260] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner, characterized in that: In parts by weight, it includes the following raw materials: 140 parts - 200 parts of rice husk ash, 20 parts - 40 parts of biochar, 30 parts - 60 parts of boric acid, 10 parts - 17 parts of modifier, 5 parts - 10 parts of sodium silicate, 5 parts - 10 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts - 6 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 0.2 parts - 0.8 parts of Aspergillus niger. The microbial inoculant is Bacillus velezensis, deposited on October 9, 2013 at the General Microbiological Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, with the deposit number of 1.12669, The microbial inoculant is Aspergillus niger, deposited on May 13, 2016 at the General Microbiological Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, with the deposit number of 3.15663.

2. The biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: In parts by weight, it includes the following raw materials: 160 parts - 190 parts of rice husk ash, 20 parts - 40 parts of biochar, 40 parts - 60 parts of boric acid, 10 parts - 15 parts of modifier, 5 parts - 10 parts of sodium silicate, 5 parts - 10 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts - 6 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 0.2 parts - 0.8 parts of Aspergillus niger.

3. The biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: In parts by weight, it includes the following raw materials: 180 parts of rice husk ash, 30 parts of biochar, 50 parts of boric acid, 13 parts of modifier, 8 parts of sodium silicate, 7 parts of sodium alginate, 4 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 0.5 parts of Aspergillus niger.

4. The biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rice husk ash described is in fine powder form and has an apparent density of 0.3 g / cm 3 , and its parameters are as follows: The content of silicon dioxide is 50% - 85%, the content of potassium oxide is 5% - 10%, the content of calcium oxide is 2% - 5%, the content of magnesium oxide is 1% - 3%, the content of iron(III) oxide is 0.1% - 2%, and the balance is organic substances and other mineral components; The preparation method of the rice husk ash includes the following steps: burning the rice husk for 1.0 - 1.5 h at a burning temperature of 550 - 630 °C; naturally cooling and then grinding and sieving to make the particle size ≤ 0.5 mm.

5. The biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modifier is as follows: In parts by weight, add 2 parts - 6 parts of terephthalic acid to 50 parts - 75 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide, heat in a water bath at 90 °C for 8 h, then add 1 part - 5 parts of stannous octoate, mix and then add 20 parts - 30 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, then add 1 part - 3 parts of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 5 parts - 8 parts of sodium ascorbate, and then heat in a tubular furnace at a heating rate of 5 °C / min to 180 °C, and react in nitrogen at 180 °C for 8 h, and finally naturally cool to room temperature to obtain.

6. A preparation method of a biochar-containing saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following steps: (1) Pulping the rice husk ash through a pulping generator to obtain a rice husk ash slurry; (2) Filter the rice husk ash slurry obtained in step (1) through a filter press to obtain a mud cake; (3) Mix the mud cake obtained in step (2) with biochar, boric acid, modifier, sodium silicate, sodium alginate, Bacillus velezensis, and Aspergillus niger, and conduct mixing and proportioning through a mixing box. Then, use an ultrafine grinder for ultrafine grinding. Subsequently, stir it with a high-speed stirrer to make its components uniform, use a vacuum granulator to make it into granular substances of uniform size, and then use a vacuum packaging machine to finally obtain a granular saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar.

7. The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner containing biochar according to claim 6, wherein: In step (1), the mass percentage of the rice husk ash slurry is 40% to 55%.

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