Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spraying, in particular to a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, a preparation method and application, the Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying comprises the following raw materials by mass: 8-20% of a solvent, 1-3% of a surfactant, 10-40% of Y2O3 powder and the balance of water. The purpose of the invention is that when the Y2O3 suspension liquid is used for spraying an aluminum alloy, not only can the bonding strength with a metal surface, the cold and hot impact resistance, the plasma etching resistance and the like be improved, but also the hardening resistance of the Y2O3 suspension liquid can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spraying, and particularly relates to a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of cutting-edge technologies such as 5G communication technology, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence (AI), and the continuous expansion of the consumer electronics market such as smart phones and tablet computers, the market demand for high-performance electronic materials is increasing at an unprecedented speed. This trend not only promotes the progress of related industries, but also opens up broad prospects for the application of high-purity Y2O3 and its derivative materials in the electronics industry.

[0003] The traditional atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) high-purity Y2O3 plasma erosion-resistant coating has a high porosity, the preparation process of the Y2O3 powder used for spraying is complex, and the coating preparation cost is high. Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) directly feeds submicron or nano powders into the plasma jet in the form of a suspension for spraying. Since the powder size is reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared with the traditional APS method, the prepared Y2O3 coating has high density, uniform structure, high hardness and strong plasma etching resistance. However, when it is used for spraying aluminum alloys, there are problems such as insufficient bonding strength and poor thermal shock resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, a preparation method and an application thereof, so that when the Y2O3 suspension is used for spraying aluminum alloys, it can not only improve the bonding strength with the metal surface, thermal shock resistance, plasma etching resistance and other properties, but also improve the anti-caking ability of the Y2O3 suspension.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means: A Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, comprising raw materials in the following mass ratio: 8-20% solvent, 1-3% surfactant, 10-40% Y2O3 powder and the balance water.

[0006] According to the above technical means, by mixing the Y2O3 powder with the solvent, surfactant and water, the Y2O3 suspension can be obtained. The raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, and the obtained Y2O3 suspension can not only improve the bonding strength with the metal surface, thermal shock resistance, plasma etching resistance and other properties, but also improve the anti-caking ability of the Y2O3 suspension.

[0007] Preferably, the solvent is one or a combination of high flash point alcohol solvents and high flash point polyol solvents.

[0008] Further preferably, the alcohol solvent with a high flash point is an alcohol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C.

[0009] Further preferably, the alcohol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C is a long-chain alcohol.

[0010] Further preferably, the long-chain alcohol is one or a combination of oleyl alcohol, trans-9-octadecen-1-ol, 3-tetradecyn-1-ol, etc.

[0011] Further preferably, the polyol solvent with a high flash point is a polyol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C.

[0012] Further preferably, the polyol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C is one or a combination of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, PEG200, PEG400, PEG600, neopentyl glycol, pentaerythritol, etc.

[0013] According to the above technical means, by using an alcohol solvent or a polyol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C, not only is the transportation and storage of the suspension safer, but after spraying, it can also play a certain role in enhancing weather resistance, thermal shock resistance, etc.

[0014] Preferably, the surfactant is a phosphate ester type anionic surfactant.

[0015] Further preferably, the phosphate ester type anionic surfactant is one or a combination of alkyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate salts, alkyl phosphate salts, silicone phosphate esters, alkyl alcohol amide phosphate esters, etc.

[0016] Further preferably, the phosphate ester type anionic surfactant is an alkyl phosphate salt.

[0017] Further preferably, the alkyl phosphate salt is one or a combination of alkyl phosphate monoester salts and alkyl phosphate diester salts.

[0018] Further preferably, the alkyl phosphate monoester salt is one or a combination of sodium alkyl phosphate monoesters, potassium alkyl phosphate monoesters, and alkanolamine alkyl phosphate monoesters.

[0019] Further preferably, the alkyl phosphate diester salt is one or a combination of sodium alkyl phosphate diesters, potassium alkyl phosphate diesters, and alkanolamine alkyl phosphate diesters.

[0020] According to the above technical means, by using an alkyl phosphate salt as a surfactant, it has good corrosion inhibition performance, antioxidant performance, emulsification performance, chemical stability, and biodegradability, so that on the one hand, it can be uniformly mixed with other raw materials to improve the stability of the suspension; on the other hand, when used in products, it can improve the performance of the products.

[0021] Preferably, the particle size of the Y2O3 powder is 1-10 μm.

[0022] More preferably, the particle size of the Y2O3 powder is 2-6 μm.

[0023] According to the above technical means, by using micron-sized Y2O3 powder, the Y2O3 powder can be more evenly distributed in the suspension, so that when in use, the density and structural uniformity can be improved, and together with the solvent and surfactant, the corrosion resistance can be synergistically improved.

[0024] This application also discloses a preparation method of a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying. The specific method is as follows: Add the solvent and water into a container, stir evenly, then add the Y2O3 powder and surfactant, and stir at high speed to obtain the Y2O3 suspension.

[0025] This application also discloses an application of a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, which is used for spraying on the surface of aluminum alloy to prepare a Y2O3 coating. The process parameters of the plasma spraying are as follows: the working power of the plasma gun is 30-35 kW, the enthalpy value of the plasma gun is 7-10, the spraying distance is 80-100 mm, the feeding rate is 40-50 ml / min; the total gas volume is 240-250 L / min.

[0026] Preferably, the gas includes argon, nitrogen and hydrogen. The content of argon is 70-80%, and the contents of nitrogen and hydrogen are both 10-15%.

[0027] Preferably, the voltage of the plasma gun is 140-155 V and the current is 220 A.

[0028] According to the above technical means, by controlling the parameters of plasma spraying, a denser and more uniform coating can be formed on the surface of aluminum alloy.

[0029] The present application adopting the above solution has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this application, by mixing the Y2O3 powder with the solvent, surfactant and water, the Y2O3 suspension can be obtained. The raw materials are simple and easy to obtain. When the obtained Y2O3 suspension is used for spraying on the metal surface, it can not only improve the bonding strength with the metal surface, thermal shock resistance, plasma etching resistance and other properties, but also improve the anti-caking ability of the Y2O3 suspension; 2. In this application, using an alcohol solvent or polyol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C not only makes the suspension safer for transportation and storage, but also can play a certain role in enhancing weather resistance, thermal shock resistance, etc. after spraying; 3. In this application, alkyl phosphate salts are used as surfactants, which have good corrosion inhibition performance, antioxidant performance, emulsifying performance, chemical stability and biodegradability. When in use, on the one hand, they can be uniformly mixed with other raw materials to improve the stability of the suspension; on the other hand, when used in products, they can improve the performance of the products.

[0030] 4. The Y2O3 suspension in this application has a simple preparation method, which is convenient for large-scale production. When in use, spraying directly with the Y2O3 suspension can save processing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] This application can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the drawings; Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying in the beam state in the embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention: In this application, the following raw materials are used: The solvent is a mixture of oleyl alcohol and pentaerythritol, and the ratio of oleyl alcohol to pentaerythritol is 1:3.

[0033] The surfactant is a mixture of triethanolamine alkyl phosphate monoester and diethanolamine alkyl phosphate diester, and the ratio of triethanolamine alkyl phosphate monoester to diethanolamine alkyl phosphate diester is 2:1.

[0034] The particle size of the Y2O3 powder is 2um, and the purity is 99% or above.

[0035] The water is deionized water.

[0036] Example 1, Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying I Add 2 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol, 6 parts by weight of pentaerythritol and 49 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, and then add 40 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder, 2 parts by weight of triethanolamine alkyl phosphate monoester and 1 part by weight of diethanolamine alkyl phosphate diester, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain the Y2O3 suspension.

[0037] Example 2, Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying II Add 2.5 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol, 7.5 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, and 58.5 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 30 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder, 1 part by weight of triethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate monoester, and 0.5 part by weight of diethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate diester, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain a Y2O3 suspension.

[0038] Example 3, Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying III Add 4 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol, 12 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, and 60.8 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 20 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder, 0.8 part by weight of triethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate monoester, and 0.4 part by weight of diethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate diester, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain a Y2O3 suspension.

[0039] Example 4, Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying IV Add 5 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol, 15 parts by weight of pentaerythritol, and 69 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 10 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder, 0.67 part by weight of triethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate monoester, and 0.33 part by weight of diethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate diester, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain a Y2O3 suspension.

[0040] Example 5 (Comparative Example 1), Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying V In this example, the solvent used is oleyl alcohol.

[0041] Add 10 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol and 58.5 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 30 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder, 1 part by weight of triethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate monoester, and 0.5 part by weight of diethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate diester, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain a Y2O3 suspension.

[0042] Example 6 (Comparative Example 2), Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying VI In this example, the solvent used is pentaerythritol.

[0043] Add 10 parts by weight of pentaerythritol and 58.5 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 30 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder, 1 part by weight of triethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate monoester, and 0.5 part by weight of diethanolamine salt of alkyl phosphate diester, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain a Y2O3 suspension.

[0044] Example 7 (Comparative Example 3), Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying VII In this example, PEG400 is used as the solvent, and alkyl phosphate monoester triethanolamine salt is used as the surfactant Add 10 parts by mass of PEG400 and 58.5 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 30 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder and 1.5 parts by weight of alkyl phosphate monoester triethanolamine salt, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain the Y2O3 suspension

[0045] Example 8 (Comparative Example 4), Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying VIII In this example, oleyl alcohol is used as the solvent, and alkyl phosphate monoester triethanolamine salt is used as the surfactant Add 10 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol and 58.5 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 30 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder and 1.5 parts by weight of alkyl phosphate monoester triethanolamine salt, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain the Y2O3 suspension

[0046] Example 9 (Comparative Example 5), Preparation of Y2O3 Suspension for Plasma Spraying IX In this example, oleyl alcohol is used as the solvent, and alkyl phosphate diester diethanolamine salt is used as the surfactant Add 10 parts by mass of oleyl alcohol and 58.5 parts by weight of deionized water into a container, stir evenly, then add 30 parts by weight of Y2O3 powder and 1.5 parts by weight of alkyl phosphate diester diethanolamine salt, and stir at a speed of 600 r / min for 12 min to obtain the Y2O3 suspension

[0047] Example 10, Application of Y2O3 Suspension in Plasma Spraying Using aluminum alloy as the substrate, the aluminum alloy substrate is the aluminum alloy after surface cleaning, and the Y2O3 suspension in Examples 1-4 is used for plasma spraying on the surface of the aluminum alloy to prepare a Y2O3 coating with a thickness of 200-300 μm The feeding rate of the Y2O3 suspension injected into the plasma jet is 45 ml / min, the spraying distance is 90 mm, and the enthalpy value of the plasma gun is 8. A 100HE plasma gun produced by Progressive Surface is used, the voltage of the gun is 141-152 V, the current is 220 A, the working power of the gun is 31-33 kW, and the plasma gas flow rate is: Ar 171.5 L / min, H2 36.75 L / min, N2 36.75 L / min

[0048] After the Y2O3 suspension in Examples 1-4 was sprayed using the spraying method in Example 10, the coating was tested for the following items: Bonding strength. Technical requirement: The bonding strength of the coating was tested using the pull-out method, and the average bonding strength ≥ 14 MPa; Corrosion resistance. Technical requirement: In a 5% HCl solution at room temperature (23 - 25 °C), no continuous bubbling occurred after soaking for 4 h; Coating density. Technical requirement: The average porosity of APS < 2.5%, and the average porosity of SPS < 1%; Coating hardness. Technical requirement: The Vickers hardness of the coating cross-section was tested, and the average coating hardness > 4 GPa (409.6 HV) was required; Coating thickness. Technical requirement: The average total thickness of the coating was 200 - 300 μm; Thermal shock. Technical requirement: The test piece was baked at 200 °C for 30 minutes, then quickly placed in room-temperature water, and the thermal shock was repeated 30 times. Then, the bonding strength of the coating was tested using the pull-out method, and the average bonding strength ≥ 10 MPa; Voltage breakdown resistance. Technical requirement: According to the method of ASTM D149, a voltage breakdown tester was used to test the breakdown voltage of the coating. The breakdown voltage of the coating was required to be not less than 500 V / mil (25000 V / mm), that is, when the coating thickness was between 200 μ - 300 μ, the breakdown voltage was 5000 V - 7500 V; Plasma etching resistance (μ / hr). Technical requirement: Etching resistance performance in a vacuum / fluoride atmosphere; The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Test Results Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Bonding strength / MPa 14.5 15.3 14.9 14.3 Corrosion resistance No continuous bubbles emerging No continuous bubbles emerging No continuous bubbles emerging No continuous bubbles emerging Coating compactness sps = 0.92% sps = 0.86% sps = 0.91% sps = 0.94% Coating hardness 409.6HV 412.6HV 410.3HV 407.8HV Coating thickness 268um 268um 272um 269um Thermal shock performance 10.8MPa 11.1MPa 10.5MPa 10.1MPa Voltage breakdown resistance 7200V 6800V 6100V 5200V Plasma etching resistance (μ / hr) 0.45μ 0.48μ 0.53μ 0.59μ According to the above data, it can be seen that the Y2O3 suspension prepared in Examples 1-4 has good bonding strength, corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance, voltage breakdown resistance, and plasma etching resistance with the aluminum alloy surface. At the same time, after spraying, the density, thickness, and hardness of the coating can all meet the requirements. Relatively speaking, in terms of bonding strength, coating density, coating hardness, impact resistance, and voltage breakdown resistance, the Y2O3 suspension ratio in Example 2 is relatively better, while in terms of corrosion resistance and coating thickness, there is little difference among each example.

[0049] After the Y2O3 suspension in Examples 5-9 was sprayed using the spraying method in Example 10, the coating was tested, and the test items were the same as those in Examples 1-4. The test results are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Test Results Item Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Bonding strength / MPa 14.1 14.1 14.2 14.1 14.1 Corrosion resistance No continuous bubbles emerging No continuous bubbles emerging Bubbles emerging Bubbles emerging Bubbles emerging Coating compactness sps = 0.99% sps = 0.98% sps = 0.95% sps = 0.99% sps = 0.99% Coating hardness 399.2HV 406.7HV 378.4HV 367.9HV 367.8HV Coating thickness 267um 269um 271um 270um 273um Thermal shock performance 9.6MPa 10.0MPa 9.9MPa 9.2MPa 9.2MPa Voltage breakdown resistance 5000V 5100V 4300V 4500V 4500V Plasma etching resistance (μ / hr) 0.68μ 0.65μ 0.73μ 0.75μ 0.75μ According to the above data, compared with Example 2, in Comparative Examples 1-2, since only oleyl alcohol or pentaerythritol was used as the solvent, the coating had a decrease in bonding strength, coating density, and coating thickness, but the decrease was not very obvious. In terms of corrosion resistance, there was no obvious change, but the coating hardness, thermal shock resistance, voltage breakdown resistance, and plasma etching resistance all decreased, indicating that by using the combination of oleyl alcohol and pentaerythritol, the coating hardness, thermal shock resistance, voltage breakdown resistance, and plasma etching resistance of the coating can be synergistically improved.

[0050] According to the above data, compared with Example 2, in Comparative Examples 3-5, when other solvents or only one surfactant was used, the coating had a decrease in bonding strength, coating density, coating thickness, corrosion resistance, coating hardness, thermal shock resistance, voltage breakdown resistance, and plasma etching resistance, indicating that by using the combination of two surfactants and two solvents, the performance of the coating can be synergistically improved The above provides a detailed introduction to a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, its preparation method, and applications provided by the present invention. The description of specific examples is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0051] It should be particularly noted that: for those not specifying specific experimental steps or conditions in the examples, the operations or conditions of the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in this field can be followed. For reagents or instruments not indicating the manufacturer, they are all conventional reagent products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0052] The above examples are for better further understanding of the present invention, and are not limited to the best implementation mode, and do not constitute a limitation to the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art features falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying, characterized in that, It comprises raw materials in the following mass ratios: 8-20% solvent, 1-3% surfactant, 10-40% Y2O3 powder, and the balance water.

2. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is one or a combination of high flash point alcohol solvents and high flash point polyol solvents.

3. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 2, wherein The high flash point alcohol solvent is an alcohol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C.

4. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The high flash point polyol solvent is a polyol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C.

5. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polyol solvent with a flash point ≥ 95°C is one or a combination of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, PEG200, PEG400, PEG600, neopentyl glycol, and pentaerythritol.

6. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactant is a phosphate ester type anionic surfactant.

7. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 6, characterized in that, The phosphate ester type anionic surfactant is one or a combination of alkyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate salts, alkyl phosphate salts, silicone phosphate esters, and alkyl alcohol amide phosphate esters.

8. The Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein The particle size of the Y2O3 powder is 1-10 um.

9. A method for preparing a Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The specific preparation method is as follows: Add the solvent and water into a container, stir evenly, then add the Y2O3 powder and the surfactant, and stir at high speed to obtain a Y2O3 suspension.

10. An application of the Y2O3 suspension for plasma spraying as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The Y2O3 suspension is used for spraying on the surface of aluminum alloy to prepare a Y2O3 coating. The process parameters of the plasma spraying are: the working power of the plasma gun is 30-35 kW, the enthalpy value of the plasma gun is 7-10, the spraying distance is 80-100 mm, the feeding rate is 40-50 ml / min; the total gas volume is 240-250 L / min.

Images