Excavator and working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of excavation equipment, and in particular to an excavator and a working method thereof, comprising an excavator frame, a connecting cylinder arranged on a lateral side of the excavator frame, an excavating frame arranged on one side of the connecting cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a chain arranged on the excavator frame, a plurality of excavating blades arranged on the chain, an excavating spiral blade arranged at the bottom of the excavator frame, and a transmission drive mechanism for driving the chain and the excavating spiral blade to rotate, wherein the excavator drive device drives the chain and each gear to rotate, the excavating spiral blade on the chain digs a ditch on the ground, the excavating spiral blade transports the loosened soil contacted by the excavating blade to both sides, and wide drainage ditches will be formed on both sides of the excavating spiral blade. Compared with a crawler excavator, the excavator is smaller in size and convenient for digging ditches on different terrains, solving the problem that existing large crawler excavators are inconvenient for digging small ditches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of excavating equipment, and in particular to an excavator and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The growth of flue-cured tobacco also has strict requirements on the air permeability of the soil. Drainage and excavation work is crucial, especially in rainy areas and low-lying areas. Existing crawler excavators are large in size. In mountainous and hilly areas, the per capita arable land is small and scattered and fragmented. Large crawler excavators are not suitable and are not convenient for digging small ditches. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, in response to the above problems, the present invention proposes an excavator and a working method thereof, which solve the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An excavator comprises an excavator frame, wheels arranged on both sides of the excavator frame, an excavator handrail rod arranged on one side of the excavator frame, an excavator driving device for driving the wheels to rotate, an excavator cross plate rotatably arranged in the middle of the excavator frame, a first excavator side plate hingedly arranged on the right side of the excavator cross plate, a first motor arranged on the side of the first excavator side plate away from the excavator cross plate, an excavator auger bit arranged at the bottom of the first motor, a first driving cylinder arranged on the excavator frame and used for driving the first excavator side plate to move longitudinally, a second excavator side plate hingedly arranged at one end of the excavator cross plate away from the first excavator side plate, a limiting convex plate arranged at the bottom of the excavator cross plate and in contact with the second excavator side plate, and a A first clamping mechanism on the side panel of the machine, a collecting mechanism provided on the top of the excavator frame for collecting tobacco bowl seedlings, a transfer mechanism for transferring the tobacco bowl seedlings in the collecting mechanism to the first clamping mechanism, a connecting cylinder rotatably provided on the lateral side of the excavator frame, an excavating frame provided on the side of the connecting cylinder away from the excavator frame, a hydraulic cylinder provided between the excavator frame and the excavating frame, a chain provided on the excavator frame, a plurality of excavating blades provided on the chain, an excavating spiral blade provided at the bottom of the excavator frame, and a transmission drive mechanism for driving the chain and the excavating spiral blade to rotate, the middle position of the excavator cross plate is rotatably connected to the excavator frame, and the outer diameter of the excavating spiral blade gradually decreases from the middle to the lateral sides.

[0006] Furthermore, the collecting mechanism includes side support plates arranged on the front and rear sides of the excavator frame, guide plates arranged at intervals in the lower direction of the side support plates, a first movable plate sliding on the guide plates, a driving mechanism for driving the first movable plate to reciprocate left and right, a pushing block rotatably arranged on the first movable plate, and a second driving cylinder arranged on the right side of the side support plate, and a collecting basket is provided on the side support plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the collection basket includes a basket body, a horizontal support bar arranged at the bottom of the basket body and into which the pushing block can be inserted, an outer edge arranged at the top of the basket body, and an opening arranged on one side of the outer edge. A vertical plate is fixed to the top of the side support plate, and a slot is provided at the bottom of the outer edge to connect with the vertical plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a first driving rod rotatably provided at the bottom of the first movable plate, a second driving rod rotatably provided on the excavator frame and rotatably connected to the first driving rod, and a second motor for driving the second driving rod to rotate.

[0009] Furthermore, a first drilling blade is provided on the spiral edge at the bottom of the excavator spiral drill bit, a bottom shaft is extended from the bottom end of the excavator spiral drill bit, and a second drilling blade is detachably connected to the outer side of the bottom shaft. The first drilling blade is arranged at an angle and distributed along the curvature of the edge of the excavator spiral drill bit, and the second drilling blade is perpendicular to the ground.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom shape of the first earth-boring blade is conical.

[0011] Based on the same inventive concept, an excavation method is also proposed, using the above-mentioned excavator, comprising the following steps:

[0012] The first step is to start the excavator drive device to drive the wheel to rotate, and control the direction through the excavator handrail to push the excavator to the site;

[0013] In the second step, the hydraulic cylinder drives the digging frame to rotate along the connecting cylinder. The chain at the bottom of the digging frame will be parallel to the ground to be excavated. The excavator drive device drives the transmission shaft in the drive mechanism to rotate. The transmission shaft drives the first transmission tooth to rotate. The first transmission tooth, the second transmission tooth, and the third transmission tooth rotate synchronously through the chain. The digging spiral blade on the chain digs a ditch in the ground.

[0014] In the third step, under the action of the second transmission tooth, the excavation blade contacts the loose soil and moves to both sides for transportation. As the outer diameter of the excavation spiral blade gradually decreases from the middle to the lateral sides, a wide drainage ditch is formed.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] This excavator is equipped with excavating blades and excavating spiral blades, wherein the excavator drive device drives the chain and each gear to rotate, and the excavating spiral blades on the chain dig ditches on the ground. The excavating spiral blades transport the loosened soil contacted by the excavating blades to both sides, and wide drainage ditches will be formed on both sides of the excavating spiral blades. Compared with crawler excavators, this excavator is smaller in size and convenient for digging ditches on different terrains, which solves the problem that existing large crawler excavators are inconvenient for digging small ditches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the excavator from a top view.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the local structure of this excavator.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic top view of the local structure of this excavator.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a left-side schematic diagram of the collection mechanism of the excavator in use.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the collection mechanism of this excavator.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the collection basket structure of this excavator.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a front view schematic diagram of the transfer mechanism structure of this excavator.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the transfer mechanism structure of this excavator.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the transfer mechanism of this excavator.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a schematic front view of the structure of the partial use state of the excavator cross plate of this excavator.

[0027] Figure 11 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the excavator cross plate of this excavator in a partial usage state.

[0028] Figure 12 It is a schematic front view of the local structure of the excavator spiral drill bit of this excavator.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the chain and excavating blade of this excavator in use.

[0030] Numbers in the figure:

[0031] 1. Rotating wheel; 2. Excavator handrail; 3. Excavator drive device; 4. Excavator cross plate; 5. First excavator side plate; 6. First motor; 7. Excavator auger; 8. First drive cylinder; 9. Second excavator side plate; 10. Positioning cam; 11. First clamping mechanism; 12. Collection mechanism; 13. Transfer mechanism; 14. Collection basket; 15. Connecting cylinder; 16. Excavating frame; 17. Hydraulic cylinder; 18. Chain; 19. Excavating blade; 20. Excavating spiral blade; 21. Drive shaft; 22. First transmission tooth; 23. Second transmission tooth; 24. Third transmission tooth

[0032] 121, side support plate; 122, guide plate; 123, first movable plate; 124, pusher block; 125, second drive cylinder; 126, first drive rod; 127, second drive rod; 128, second motor;

[0033] 141. Basket; 142. Horizontal support bar; 143. Peripheral edge; 144. Opening; 145. Vertical board; 146. Slot;

[0034] 301, connecting plate; 302, first gear; 303, rotating block; 304, third motor; 305, second movable plate; 306, third drive cylinder; 307, first rotating shaft; 308, second rotating shaft; 309, second gear; 310, fixing plate; 311, third gear; 312, fourth gear; 313, second clamping mechanism; 314, key block;

[0035] 701, first earth-boring blade; 702, bottom shaft; 703, second earth-boring blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] refer to Figures 1 to 13The present embodiment provides an excavator, comprising an excavator frame, a rotating wheel 1 provided on both sides of the excavator frame, an excavator handrail 2 provided on one side of the excavator frame, an excavator driving device 3 for driving the rotating wheel 1 to rotate, an excavator horizontal plate 4 rotatably provided in the middle of the excavator frame, a first excavator side plate 5 hingedly provided on the right side of the excavator horizontal plate 4, a first motor 6 provided on a side of the first excavator side plate 5 away from the excavator horizontal plate 4, an excavator auger 7 provided at the bottom of the first motor 6, a first driving cylinder 8 provided on the excavator frame and used to drive the first excavator side plate 5 to move longitudinally, a second excavator side plate 9 hingedly provided at one end of the excavator horizontal plate 4 away from the first excavator side plate 5, a limiting convex plate 10 provided at the bottom of the excavator horizontal plate 4 and in contact with the second excavator side plate 9, and a first excavator screw drill head 7 provided at the bottom of the second excavator side plate 9. A first clamping mechanism 11 on the excavator frame, a collecting mechanism 12 provided on the top of the excavator frame for collecting tobacco bowl seedlings, a transferring mechanism 13 for transferring the tobacco bowl seedlings in the collecting mechanism 12 to the first clamping mechanism 11, a connecting cylinder 15 rotatably provided on the lateral side of the excavator frame, an excavating frame 16 provided on the side of the connecting cylinder 15 away from the excavator frame, a hydraulic cylinder 17 provided between the excavator frame and the excavating frame 16, a chain 18 provided on the excavating frame 16, a plurality of excavating blades 19 provided on the chain 18, an excavating spiral blade 20 provided at the bottom of the excavating frame 16, and a transmission drive mechanism for driving the chain 18 and the excavating spiral blade 20 to rotate, the middle position of the excavator cross plate 4 is rotatably connected to the excavator frame, and the outer diameter of the excavating spiral blade 20 gradually decreases from the middle to the lateral sides.

[0038] The transmission drive mechanism includes a transmission shaft 21 arranged in the connecting cylinder 15, a first transmission tooth 22 arranged in the excavating frame 16 and connected to the transmission shaft 21, a second transmission tooth 23 arranged at the bottom of the excavating frame 16 and connected to the middle of the excavating spiral blade 20, and a third transmission tooth 24 arranged at the front end of the excavating frame 16. The excavator drive device 3 is connected to the transmission shaft 21, and the first transmission tooth 22, the second transmission tooth 23 and the third transmission tooth 24 are connected to the chain 18.

[0039] When the excavator frame moves to the site where excavation is required, the hydraulic cylinder 17 drives the excavating frame 16 to rotate along the connecting tube 15, and the chain 18 at the bottom of the excavating frame 16 will be parallel to the ground that needs to be excavated. The excavator drive device 3 drives the transmission shaft 21 in the drive mechanism to rotate, and the transmission shaft 21 drives the first transmission tooth 22 to rotate. The first transmission tooth 22, the second transmission tooth 23 and the third transmission tooth 24 are driven by the chain 18 to rotate synchronously. The excavating blade 19 on the chain 18 digs a ditch on the land. At the same time, under the action of the second transmission tooth 23, the excavating spiral blade 20 contacts the loose soil and moves to both sides for transportation. Since the outer diameter of the excavating spiral blade 20 gradually decreases from the middle to the lateral sides, a wide drainage ditch can be formed. Compared with the crawler excavator, the excavator is smaller in size and convenient for digging ditches on different terrains, which solves the problem that the existing large crawler excavators are not convenient for digging small ditches.

[0040] Before use, place the collecting basket 14 containing tobacco pot seedlings on the collecting mechanism 12. The pot is preferably a paper pot and can be planted directly. Then start the excavator driving device 3 to drive the wheel 1 to rotate, and control the direction of the excavator handrail 2 to push the excavator to the site. After completion, operate the built-in button on the excavator handrail 2 to start the first driving cylinder 8 and the first motor 6. The first driving cylinder 8 drives the first excavator side plate 5 to move downward, and the first motor 6 drives the bottom excavator spiral drill bit 7 to rotate and drill into the ground to dig a hole. After completion, continue to push forward. When the first clamping mechanism 11 reaches the first digging position, the first driving cylinder 8 drives the excavator spiral drill bit 7 to move downward again to dig a hole. When the first excavator side plate 5 moves longitudinally, it drives the right side of the excavator cross plate 4 to move downward, and the second excavator side plate 9 on the left side of the excavator cross plate 4 rises. At the same time, the collecting mechanism 12 transfers the tobacco pot seedlings on the collecting basket 14 to the first clamping mechanism 11 on the second excavator side plate 9. After the auger bit 7 is pulled out of the hole, the tobacco pot seedlings on the other side of the excavator cross plate 4 move downwards and slowly descend to the upper hole, which can protect the pot seedlings and prevent the built-in soil blocks from falling from a height from being scattered and not providing support for the pot seedling roots.

[0041] The collecting mechanism 12 includes side support plates 121 provided on the front and rear sides of the excavator frame, guide plates 122 spaced apart below the side support plates 121, a first movable plate 123 slidingly provided on the guide plates 122, a driving mechanism for driving the first movable plate 123 to reciprocate left and right, a pushing block 124 rotatably provided on the first movable plate 123, and a second driving cylinder 125 provided on the right side of the side support plate 121. A collecting basket 14 is provided on the side support plate 121.

[0042] The pushing block 124 is in the shape of a right-angle block. When the driving mechanism drives the first movable plate 123 to move from left to right, the bottom of the pushing block 124 contacts the top surface of the first movable plate 123, and the top pushes the tobacco bowl seedlings in contact with the collection basket 14 to the right. After completion, the driving mechanism drives the first movable plate 123 to move from right to left, and the top of the pushing block 124 is blocked by the tobacco bowl seedlings and will flip over to avoid it. After moving a tobacco bowl seedling interval, the pushing block 124 will be stuck in the interval gap between the tobacco bowl seedlings. The pushing block 124 will return to its original position under the influence of gravity. After the transfer mechanism 13 transfers the tobacco bowl seedlings on one side, the second driving rod 127 drives the tobacco bowl seedlings on the right to move to the left to the position clamped by the transfer mechanism 13, and the tobacco bowl seedlings can be output intermittently, which is conducive to the docking of the transfer mechanism 13.

[0043] The collecting basket 14 includes a basket body 141, a horizontal support bar 142 provided at the bottom of the basket body 141 and into which the pushing block 124 can be inserted, an outer edge 143 provided at the top of the basket body 141, and an opening 144 provided on one side of the outer edge 143. A vertical plate 145 is fixedly provided on the top of the side support plate 121, and a slot 146 is provided at the bottom of the outer edge 143 to connect with the vertical plate 145.

[0044] The driving mechanism includes a first driving rod 126 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the first movable plate 123, a second driving rod 127 rotatably arranged on the excavator frame and rotatably connected to the first driving rod 126, and a second motor 128 for driving the second driving rod 127 to rotate. The second motor 128 drives the second driving rod 127 to rotate, and pulls the first movable plate 123 to move back and forth left and right through the second driving rod 127 and the first driving rod 126.

[0045] Place the collecting basket 14 containing tobacco bowl seedlings on the side support plate 121, dock the outer peripheral edge 143 of the collecting basket 14 with the vertical plate 145, and the collecting basket 14 will be fixed on the top of the side support plate 121. Then, when the second motor 128 drives the first movable plate 123 to move, the top of the pushing block 124 will move in the horizontal support bar 142 to push the tobacco bowl seedlings in the collecting basket 14. After the tobacco bowl seedlings are pushed to the right side of the collecting basket 14, the transfer mechanism 13 can transfer the tobacco bowl seedlings in the collecting basket 14 through the side opening 144. After the tobacco bowl seedlings in the collecting basket 14 are empty, pull out the collecting basket 14 and insert a new one.

[0046] The transfer mechanism 13 includes a connecting plate 301 provided on the excavator frame, a first gear 302 fixed on one side of the connecting plate 301, a rotating block 303 rotatably provided at the rear end of the first gear 302, a third motor 304 for driving the rotating block 303 to rotate, a second movable plate 305 slidably provided on the rotating block 303, a third driving cylinder 306 provided between the rotating block 303 and the second movable plate 305, a first rotating shaft 307 rotatably provided on the rotating block 303, a second rotating shaft 308 rotatably provided on the second movable plate 305, a second gear 309 rotatably provided on the side of the second movable plate 305 away from the rotating block 303, and a second gear 309 fixed on the second gear The fixing plate 310 on 309, the third gear 311 provided on the first rotating shaft 307 and meshing with the first gear 302, the fourth gear 312 provided on the second rotating shaft 308 and meshing with the second gear 309, the second clamping mechanism 313 provided on the fixing plate 310, a plurality of cam blocks 314 are fixedly provided on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 308, the cam blocks 314 on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 308 are slidably matched with the first rotating shaft 307, the first clamping mechanism 11 and the second clamping mechanism 313 are existing mechanical claws, which are products that can be purchased on the market, and the structure is well known. The corresponding model can be purchased according to production needs, and will not be described here.

[0047] The third driving cylinder 306 drives the second movable plate 305 to move toward the collecting basket 14, and then the second movable plate 305 and the second clamping mechanism 313 will move toward the collecting basket 14. After the second clamping mechanism 313 passes through the opening of the collecting basket 14 to clamp the tobacco seedlings, the third driving cylinder 306 drives the second movable plate 305 to move toward the rotating block 303, and the second clamping mechanism 313 will move out of the collecting basket 14. At the same time, the third motor 304 drives the rotating block 303 to rotate, and the rotating block 303 drives the first rotating shaft 307 at the front end to rotate accordingly. The third gear 311 on one side of the first rotating shaft 307 contacts and rotates with the first gear 302. The first rotating shaft 307 will drive the fourth gear 312 to rotate through the second rotating shaft 308, and the fourth gear 312 will rotate synchronously. Drive the fixed plate 310 and the second clamping mechanism 313 on the second gear 309 to rotate. When the rotating block 303 rotates downward 90 degrees, the fixed plate 310 and the second clamping mechanism 313 will remain level with the collecting basket 14. The first clamping mechanism 11 on one side of the excavator cross plate 4 will connect with the tobacco bowl seedlings on the second clamping mechanism 313, which is conducive to cooperating with the excavator cross plate 4 to transfer the tobacco bowl seedlings. When the tobacco bowl seedlings are transplanted, the collecting mechanism 12 transports the tobacco bowl seedlings to the right one by one, and the transferring mechanism 13 takes out the tobacco bowl seedlings one by one and transfers them downward to the side of the excavator cross plate 4. Then, they are transferred to the pre-drilled soil pit through the excavator cross plate 4. There is no need for manual transplanting one by one, and the transplanting distance is fixed, so the tobacco bowl seedlings are well protected during the transplanting process.

[0048] The first drilling blade 701 is provided on the spiral edge at the bottom of the excavator spiral drill bit 7, and a bottom shaft 702 is extended from the bottom end of the excavator spiral drill bit 7. A second drilling blade 703 is detachably connected to the outer side of the bottom shaft 702. The first drilling blade 701 is arranged at an angle and distributed along the curvature of the edge of the excavator spiral drill bit 7. The second drilling blade 703 is perpendicular to the ground, and the bottom shape of the first drilling blade 701 is conical.

[0049] When the excavator auger bit 7 drills into the ground, the second drilling blade 703 outside the bottom shaft 702 of the excavator auger bit 7 contacts the ground to loosen the ground soil. As the excavator auger bit 7 continues to move, the bottom of the excavator auger bit 7 contacts the ground. The first drilling blade 701 has a certain inclination angle. The excavator auger bit 7 first contacts the ground to loosen the ground. Then the excavator auger bit 7 drills into the ground to drill a hole in the land. Then the soil will be transported to the top through the excavator auger bit 7. After completion, the excavator auger bit 7 moves upward and a pit will be drilled out of the ground. The first drilling blade 701 and the second drilling blade 70 3 The excavator auger bit 7 will be protected and placed in an area with many stones or hard soil to prevent the excavator auger bit 7 from being damaged too quickly. The first drilling blade 701 is conical in shape, has strong force resistance, and wears slowly. When the first drilling blade 701 needs to be replaced, the first drilling blade 701 can be hammered out of the excavator auger bit 7 by using a screwdriver and a hammer. The first drilling blade 701 and the second drilling blade 703 can also be threadedly matched with the excavator auger bit 7. Replacing the first drilling blade 701 and the second drilling blade 703 is simpler and faster than replacing the excavator auger bit 7.

[0050] Some existing equipment directly raises and lowers the excavator auger bit 7 and the first clamping mechanism 11 on the left and right sides of the excavator cross plate 4 horizontally. However, the equipment has a high lifting distance for the excavator cross plate 4, and the first clamping mechanism 11 is difficult to dock. When used on cultivated land, since the edge of the cultivated land is separated by a ridge, when used on small cultivated land or when used on uneven land, it is easily affected by the ridge and other obstacles.

[0051] Based on the same inventive concept, an excavation method is also proposed, which is applied to the above-mentioned excavator and includes the following steps:

[0052] The first step is to start the excavator drive device 3 to drive the wheel 1 to rotate, and control the direction of the excavator with the excavator handrail 2 to push the excavator to the site;

[0053] In the second step, the hydraulic cylinder 17 drives the digging frame 16 to rotate along the connecting tube 15. The chain 18 at the bottom of the digging frame 16 will be parallel to the ground to be excavated. The excavator drive device 3 drives the transmission shaft 21 in the drive mechanism to rotate. The transmission shaft 21 drives the first transmission tooth 22 to rotate. The first transmission tooth 22, the second transmission tooth 23 and the third transmission tooth 24 are driven by the chain 18 to rotate synchronously. The excavating spiral blade 20 on the chain 18 digs a ditch in the ground.

[0054] In the third step, under the action of the second transmission teeth 23, the excavation blade 19 contacts the loose soil and moves to both sides for transportation. Since the outer diameter of the excavation spiral blade 20 gradually decreases from the middle to the lateral sides, a wide drainage ditch is formed.

[0055] This excavation method is convenient for digging ditches on different terrains.

[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0057] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0060] Although the present invention has been particularly shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and all such changes are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excavator, characterized in that: The invention comprises an excavator frame, rotating wheels (1) arranged on both sides of the excavator frame, an excavator handrail (2) arranged on one side of the excavator frame, an excavator driving device (3) for driving the rotating wheels (1) to rotate, an excavator transverse plate (4) arranged in a rotational manner in the middle of the excavator frame, a first excavator side plate (5) hingedly arranged on the right side of the excavator transverse plate (4), a first motor (6) arranged on the side of the first excavator side plate (5) away from the excavator transverse plate (4), an excavator spiral drill head (7) arranged at the bottom of the first motor (6), a first driving cylinder (8) arranged on the excavator frame and used for driving the first excavator side plate (5) to move longitudinally, a second excavator side plate (9) hingedly arranged on one end of the excavator transverse plate (4) away from the first excavator side plate (5), a limiting convex plate (10) arranged at the bottom of the excavator transverse plate (4) and in contact with the second excavator side plate (9), and a first clamping member (11) arranged on the second excavator side plate (9). A holding mechanism (11), a collecting mechanism (12) provided on the top of the excavator frame for collecting tobacco seedlings in a bowl, a transferring mechanism (13) for transferring the tobacco seedlings in the collecting mechanism (12) to the first clamping mechanism (11), a connecting cylinder (15) rotatably provided on a lateral side of the excavator frame, an excavating frame (16) provided on a side of the connecting cylinder (15) away from the excavator frame, a hydraulic cylinder (17) provided between the excavator frame and the excavating frame (16), a chain (18) provided on the excavating frame (16), a plurality of excavating blades (19) provided on the chain (18), an excavating spiral blade (20) provided at the bottom of the excavating frame (16), and a transmission driving mechanism for driving the chain (18) and the excavating spiral blade (20) to rotate, wherein the middle portion of the excavator transverse plate (4) is rotatably connected to the excavator frame, and the outer diameter of the excavating spiral blade (20) gradually decreases from the middle portion to the lateral sides; The transmission drive mechanism comprises a transmission shaft (21) arranged in a connecting cylinder (15), a first transmission tooth (22) arranged in an excavating frame (16) and connected to the transmission shaft (21), a second transmission tooth (23) arranged at the bottom of the excavating frame (16) and connected to the middle of the excavating spiral blade (20), and a third transmission tooth (24) arranged at the front end of the excavating frame (16); the excavator drive device (3) is connected to the transmission shaft (21); the first transmission tooth (22), the second transmission tooth (23) and the third transmission tooth (24) are connected to the chain (18).

2. An excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (12) comprises side support plates (121) provided on the front and rear sides of the excavator frame, guide plates (122) provided at intervals below the side support plates (121), a first movable plate (123) slidably provided on the guide plates (122), a driving mechanism for driving the first movable plate (123) to reciprocate left and right, a pusher block (124) rotatably provided on the first movable plate (123), and a second driving cylinder (125) provided on the right side of the side support plate (121); and a collecting basket (14) is provided on the side support plate (121).

3. An excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collecting basket (14) comprises a basket body (141), a transverse support bar (142) provided at the bottom of the basket body (141) and into which the pushing block (124) can be inserted, an outer edge (143) provided at the top of the basket body (141), and an opening (144) provided on one side of the outer edge (143); a vertical plate (145) is fixedly provided at the top of the side support plate (121), and a slot (146) is provided at the bottom of the outer edge (143) for docking with the vertical plate (145).

4. The excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a first driving rod (126) rotatably arranged at the bottom of a first movable plate (123), a second driving rod (127) rotatably arranged on an excavator frame and rotatably connected to the first driving rod (126), and a second motor (128) for driving the second driving rod (127) to rotate.

5. The excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom spiral edge of the excavator auger bit (7) is provided with a first earth-boring blade (701); the bottom end of the excavator auger bit (7) is provided with a bottom shaft (702); and the outer side of the bottom shaft (702) is detachably connected to a second earth-boring blade (703).

6. The excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom shape of the first earth-boring blade (701) is conical.

Images