Multifunctional component suitable for old building outer wall transformation and transformation method

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional component suitable for old building outer wall reconstruction and a reconstruction method, and belongs to the technical field of reconstruction of existing buildings. Comprising a main steel frame, an outer window and an enclosure unit, the main steel frame is fixed above a window opening, and the surface of the main steel frame is coated with fluorocarbon paint; the outer window and the enclosure unit are fixedly connected with the main steel frame, and the outer window is installed on the periphery of a window opening in an attached mode and comprises a frame made of PVC-U plastic and glass installed in the frame. The enclosure unit is located below the outer window, and a containing space is formed between the enclosure unit and the outer wall. The multifunctional component not only has the effects of refuge, shading, sound insulation, energy conservation, attractiveness and the like, but also has the advantages that an original window does not need to be dismantled, an original building structure is not damaged and the like, and on-site efficient assembly construction can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a multi-functional component and a renovation method suitable for the renovation of the exterior walls of old buildings, belonging to the technical field of renovation of existing buildings. Background Art

[0002] Old buildings generally refer to buildings built before 2000. Single-layer glass is mostly used to block the window openings, and their thermal performance and sound insulation performance are generally poor. At the same time, due to the lack of reserved space during construction, with the introduction of facilities such as air conditioners during use, there are many phenomena such as randomly hanging air conditioner outdoor units on the exterior wall, anti-theft windows being like birdcages, and flower pot racks being set up randomly, resulting in the exterior wall facade of old buildings looking messy; and the electrical circuits of old buildings are aging, prone to fires, and the fire protection facilities are insufficient. Once a fire occurs, it is extremely easy to cause casualties.

[0003] In the current renovation of old buildings, the commonly adopted methods are to remove the original old exterior windows and replace them with new double-pane insulating glass windows, block the air conditioner outdoor units with aluminum gratings, etc., change the anti-theft windows protruding from the exterior windows to be set closely outside the windows, and add plexiglass canopies along the upper edge of the exterior windows. Although these measures have certain improvements compared to the original old buildings, there are still deficiencies: (1) The components introduced during the renovation of the exterior wall are independent of each other, lacking integrity and coordination on the facade, with poor aesthetics and low utilization rate of the exterior wall space.

[0004] (2) When renovating, it is necessary to remove the original windows, which affects the normal life and work of the owners, and has a long working cycle and a large workload.

[0005] (3) The fire protection facilities of old buildings are generally insufficient and relatively cannot be improved. Once an emergency occurs, it cannot provide sufficient safe escape routes for the residents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a multi-functional component suitable for the renovation of the exterior walls of old buildings, which not only meets the requirements of comfort and aesthetics in the use of existing buildings, especially old buildings, but also improves the renovation efficiency and endows the building with multi-functionality.

[0007] Specifically, this application is realized through the following solutions: A multifunctional component applicable to the exterior wall renovation of old buildings. The multifunctional component is installed on the outer side of the exterior wall. There are window openings on the exterior wall. The multifunctional component includes a main steel frame, an outer window, and an enclosure unit. The main steel frame is fixed above the window opening and its surface is coated with fluorocarbon paint. The outer window and the enclosure unit are respectively fixedly connected to the main steel frame. The outer window is fitted and installed around the periphery of the window opening and includes a frame made of PVC-U plastic material and glass installed inside the frame. The enclosure unit is located below the outer window and forms a containing space with the exterior wall, which can be used to place items such as flower pots and outdoor air conditioners, or can be used as a spare space for escape and refuge.

[0008] The introduction of the above-mentioned renovation component and the connection between the main steel frame and the existing building form the basis for the introduction of the multifunctional component of this application. The outer window cooperates with the original window opening and the original outer window installed thereon to achieve the effects of energy conservation and sound insulation. The enclosure unit endows the existing building, including old buildings, with characteristics such as safety, beauty, and additional reserved space. The main steel frame, outer window, and enclosure unit cooperate to realize the reasonable layout of many functional units on the exterior wall.

[0009] Furthermore, as a preference: The main steel frame includes at least two horizontal keels and several vertical keels. The horizontal keels are fixed on the exterior wall on the upper and lower sides of the window opening, and the vertical keels are fixed to the horizontal keels. More preferably, at adjacent two window openings, the horizontal keels include an upper horizontal keel, a middle horizontal keel, and a lower horizontal keel. The vertical keels are fixedly connected to the horizontal keels to form a main steel frame in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri': The upper horizontal keel and the middle horizontal keel are respectively fixed at the upper edge and the lower edge of the upper window opening, and the lower horizontal keel is fixed at the upper edge of the lower window opening; or, the upper horizontal keel is fixed at the lower edge of the upper window opening, and the middle horizontal keel and the lower horizontal keel are respectively fixed at the upper edge and the lower edge of the lower window opening.

[0010] Sliding rails are arranged on the inner side of the outer window, and a detachable guardrail is installed on the sliding rails for use as an anti-theft window.

[0011] The enclosure unit includes a steel frame, grille one, and a bottom plate. The two sides of the steel frame facing the exterior wall are respectively welded to the two side frames of the main steel frame. Grille one is distributed on the top surface and the left, front, and right three side surfaces of the steel frame. The bottom plate and the steel frame are respectively connected to the main steel frame, so that the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the steel frame. The bottom plate, steel frame, grille one, and the corresponding exterior wall form the containing space. Preferably: Grille two is arranged on the bottom plate, and a spacer is arranged between the bottom plate and grille two to form a gap therebetween. A stop block is arranged between grille two and the steel frame to prevent grille two from sliding. Preferably, both the bottom plate and grille two can be assembled from multiple structural units.

[0012] The grille one located on the top surface of the steel frame is movably connected to the steel frame. More preferably, there is also grille three, which is connected to the steel frame and is located above grille one.

[0013] The above three grilles play different roles respectively: The first grille can be fixed to the corresponding positions on the left, front, right and top surfaces of the steel frame by stainless steel screws. The grilles on the left, front and right enclose the steel frame and form a relatively fixed accommodation space, while the grille on the top surface is connected to the steel frame in a movable connection manner, which is convenient for opening to place equipment such as outdoor air conditioners.

[0014] The third grille installed above the first grille on the top surface can not only share the load-bearing in the top direction of the first grille, but also broaden the effect above the first grille without affecting the force of the steel frame, and light items such as potted plants can be placed.

[0015] The second grille is arranged above the bottom plate and forms an escape passage in cooperation with the bottom plate. Especially when multiple structural units are assembled, different numbers of structural units can be removed or broken according to needs to achieve emergency avoidance.

[0016] The specification of the window opening is greater than 2.4 (width) * 1.8 (height) m, and the outer window is provided with a steel section lining; when it does not exceed 2.4 * 1.8 m, the steel section lining does not need to be set.

[0017] The above multifunctional component also includes safety appliances such as safety ropes and safety hammers. The safety rope is made of a steel wire core nylon rope, etc., and can be tied to the corresponding position of the main steel frame and the outer window for convenient access; the safety hammer can be placed in the accommodation space.

[0018] A method for renovating the exterior wall of an old building by using the above multifunctional component is as follows: Step 1: Remove the exterior wall plaster layer to expose the basic wall and structural beam, and measure the window opening size. The window opening size can also be obtained by measuring the original window opening size and then subtracting the thickness of the plaster layer. Step 2: Precast the main steel frame, outer window and enclosure unit according to the obtained window opening size. Step 3: Implant chemical bolts, post-embedded plates and connectors at the corresponding positions of the structural beam. Step 4: After welding the precast main steel frame to the post-embedded plate and connector, perform hot-dip galvanizing treatment, and then apply fluorocarbon paint on the surface; fix the outer window on the main steel frame, embed it in the outer periphery of the window opening, and seal the installation gap with silicone building glue, etc. Step 5: Fix and connect the enclosure unit to the main steel frame to complete the renovation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The integration of multiple functions, on-site assembly and construction, with relatively high efficiency. The newly added outer window is set on the outside of the window opening, without the need to remove the original window, without damaging the interior decoration of the original building, and there is a certain gap between the newly added plastic-steel outer window and the original window, which not only enhances the insulation effect of the room, reduces energy-consuming measures such as indoor heating and heat preservation, achieves energy-saving effects, but also improves the sound insulation performance.

[0020] 2. In addition to being able to provide shade, place flower pots and block the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, due to the relatively large fire hazards in old buildings, in the event of a fire and the danger that the escape route is blocked, personnel can tie on the safety rope, enter through the window, lift one of the aluminum gratings II, and enter the accommodation space formed by the main steel frame and the enclosure unit for temporary refuge. Depending on the degree of danger, one of the glass bottom plates can be broken with a safety hammer, and the corresponding one of the aluminum gratings III can be lifted to escape to the lower floor.

[0021] 3. The guardrail is set on the inner slide rail of the outer window, which not only avoids the mess of the facade but also serves as an anti-theft guardrail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 is a front structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the A-A direction in Figure 4 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the B-B direction in Figure 5 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the C-C direction in Figure 6 is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the D-D direction in Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship between the multi-functional component of the present application and the exterior wall.

[0024] Reference numerals in the figure: 1. Main steel frame; 11. Upper horizontal keel; 12. Middle horizontal keel; 13. Lower horizontal keel; 14. Vertical keel; 2. Exterior window; 21. Guardrail; 3. Enclosure unit; 31. Grille one; 32. Grille two; 33. Grille three; 34. Steel frame; 35. Bottom plate; 36. Spacer block; 37. Stop block; 41. Safety rope; 42. Safety hammer; 5. Foundation wall; 51. Structural beam; 6. Window opening; 7. Post-embedded plate and connecting piece; 8. Chemical bolt. Specific implementation manner

[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application clearer and more understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the technical solutions of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly located on the other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component. The orientations or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and cannot be construed as a limitation to the technical solutions of the present application.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of convenient description and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of technical features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0028] This embodiment provides a method for renovating the exterior wall of an old building. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0029] The renovation steps are as follows: Step 1, measure the size of the original old window and door openings, subtract the thickness of the plaster layer, and obtain the size of the window opening 6 on the foundation wall 5; Step 2, according to the obtained window opening size, prefabricate the main steel frame 1, the exterior window 2 and the enclosure unit 3 in the factory; Step 3, remove the plaster layer on the wall around the old window and door openings to be installed, expose the foundation wall 5 and the structural beam 51, and implant chemical bolts 8, post-embedded plates and connecting pieces 7 at the corresponding positions of the structural beam 51; Step 4: After welding the prefabricated main steel frame 1 to the post-embedded plate and the connector 7, perform hot-dip galvanization treatment on the main steel frame 1 and apply fluorocarbon paint on its surface, so as to fix the main steel frame 1 on the structural beam above the window opening; embed and fix the outer window 2 on the main steel frame 1, closely adhere to the outer wall of the window opening 6, and seal the installation gap with silicone building sealant, etc.; Step 5: Fix and connect the enclosure unit 3 with the main steel frame 1 to complete the transformation.

[0030] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which shows the transformed finished multi-functional component obtained in this embodiment. As a specific case: Combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 : The main steel frame 1 includes an upper horizontal keel 11, a middle horizontal keel 12, a lower horizontal keel 13 and vertical keels 14. The upper horizontal keel 11, the middle horizontal keel 12 and the lower horizontal keel 13 are parallel to each other and distributed at different heights. Two vertical keels 14 are provided. The upper horizontal keel 11, the middle horizontal keel 12, the lower horizontal keel 13 and the vertical keels 14 form a main steel frame 1 in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri'. Among them, the upper horizontal keel 11 and the middle horizontal keel 12 are respectively parallel to the upper edge and the lower edge of the outer side of the base of the window opening 6 in the old building and retreat 50 mm outward; the lower horizontal keel 13 is parallel to the upper edge of the outer side of the lower window opening and retreats 50 mm outward, and the two vertical keels 14 are parallel to the left and right sides of the outer side of the window opening and retreat 50 mm outward. The cross-sectional dimensions of the above-mentioned horizontal and vertical keels are all 80 mm × 80 mm, and the wall thickness is not less than 6 mm. The outward retreat reserves the frame thickness of the outer window 2.

[0031] The outer window 2 adopts a double-layer insulating glass sliding window (the sliding direction is as shown by the horizontal arrow in Figure 2 ), including a frame and glass. The frame is made of PVC-U plastic material, and the used material meets the relevant requirements of 'Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC-U) Profiles for Doors and Windows' GB / T8814-2017, and is embedded and fixed on the upper part of the main steel frame 1. The frame is aligned with and closely adheres to the outer edge of the base of the window opening 6 of the old building; the double-layer insulating glass is installed in the frame. A sliding rail can be provided on the inner side of the frame, and a detachable guardrail 21 can be provided on the sliding rail as an anti-theft window as needed.

[0032] Taking the most common sliding window in the renovation of old buildings as an example, the frame of the outer window 2 is made of plastic material and has good heat insulation effect. Generally, no steel section lining is added to the frame. If the size of the window opening is greater than 2.4 m (width) * 1.8 m (height), the cross-sectional size of the frame can be increased, and a steel section lining can be added inside the frame.

[0033] The enclosure unit 3 is located below the outer window 2 and forms a receiving space with the outer wall, which can be used to place items such as flower pots and outdoor air conditioners, or can also be used as a spare space for escape and refuge.

[0034] The enclosure unit 3 includes grille one 31, grille two 32, grille three 33, steel frame 34, and bottom plate 35. Combined with Figures 3 to 6 , the steel pipe cross-section size of the steel frame 34 is 80mm×80mm, the side width is 700mm. The steel frame 34 is welded to the left and right longitudinal keels 14 at the lower part of the main steel frame 1. Grille one 31 is fixed to the left, front, right three sides and the top surface of the steel frame 34 with M5 stainless steel screws. Grille three 33 is placed on the long-angle steel welded to the middle transverse keel 12 and the upper surface of the steel frame 34. The bottom plate 35 is a glass bottom plate, fixed to the lower transverse keel 13 and the upper surface of the steel frame 34. Grille two 32 is placed on the main steel frame 1 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 35 through a spacer 36, leaving a gap of about 20mm between it and the bottom plate 35. A stop block 37 is arranged outside the bottom plate and grille two 32 to prevent slipping. The above grilles can all be aluminum grilles.

[0035] The net spacing of grille one 31 is not greater than 110mm, the spacing from the bottom to the steel frame is about 150mm, and the wall thickness is not less than 1.8mm. The net spacing of grille three 33 is about 80mm, the wall thickness is not less than 1.8mm, the grille thickness is not less than 30mm, and it is divided into several sections along the length direction of the enclosure unit 3, with each section not greater than 600mm. The bottom plate 35 is 6mm thick tempered glass, with the lower surface being frosted, and it is divided into several sections along the length direction of the enclosure unit 3, with each section not greater than 600mm. The net spacing of grille two 32 is about 80mm, the wall thickness is not less than 1.8mm, the grille thickness is not less than 30mm, and it is divided into corresponding several sections corresponding to the bottom plate 35.

[0036] If there is an outdoor air conditioner, it can be fixed to the outer wall inside the enclosure unit 3 with a special bracket and placed as close to the edge as possible, so as to leave a certain space inside the enclosure unit 3 for people to stay during emergency evacuation.

[0037] Taking the standard floor window opening in an old building as an example, in actual application, the main steel frame 1 is continuously arranged through welding vertically between each floor. The size of the enclosure unit 3 can be appropriately enlarged in the length direction according to actual needs, and all steel components are treated with rust and fire prevention.

[0038] This device can also be equipped with safety tools, such as safety rope 41, safety hammer 42, etc. The safety rope 41 is a nylon rope with a steel wire core, and its length is not less than 4 meters, and it is tied to the longitudinal keel 14 of the main steel frame 1. The safety hammer 42 is placed on grille two 32, and it is ensured that it can break the bottom plate 35. Old buildings generally have a long history, electrical wiring is aging, prone to fire, and fire-fighting facilities are insufficient. In the dangerous situation of fire and blocked escape routes, people can tie the safety rope 41, pass through the window, lift one of the aluminum grilles three 33, enter the accommodation space composed of the main steel frame 1 and the enclosure unit 3 for temporary refuge, and depending on the degree of danger, use the safety hammer 42 to break one of the bottom plates 35 and lift the corresponding one of grille two 32 to escape to the lower floor.

[0039] The introduction of the above-mentioned retrofitted components, combined with Figure 7 , the main steel frame 1 is connected to the exterior wall of the existing building, forming the basis for the introduction of the multi-functional components of this application. The external window 2 cooperates with the original window opening and the original external window installed thereon to achieve the effects of energy conservation and sound insulation. The enclosure unit 3 endows the existing building, including old buildings, with characteristics such as safety, beauty, and additional reserved space. The main steel frame 1, the external window 2, and the enclosure unit 3 cooperate to achieve the reasonable layout of many functional units on the exterior wall.

[0040] The above-described embodiments merely represent several feasible implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection in the claims of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made. Any equivalent implementation or change made without departing from the present invention should be included in the technology of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional component applicable to the renovation of the outer wall of old buildings. The multi-functional component is installed on the outer side of the outer wall, and a window opening is provided on the outer wall. It is characterized in that: The multifunctional component includes a main steel frame, an exterior window, and an enclosure unit. The main steel frame is fixed above the window opening, and its surface is coated with fluorocarbon paint. The exterior window and the enclosure unit are respectively fixedly connected to the main steel frame. The exterior window is fitted and installed around the periphery of the window opening and includes a frame made of PVC-U plastic material and glass installed inside the frame. The enclosure unit is located below the exterior window and forms a receiving space with the exterior wall.

2. The multifunctional component applicable to the renovation of the outer wall of old buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main steel frame includes at least two horizontal keels and several vertical keels. The horizontal keels are fixed to the exterior walls on the upper and lower sides of the window opening, and the vertical keels are fixed to the horizontal keels.

3. The multifunctional component applicable to the external wall renovation of old buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, At adjacent two window openings, the horizontal keels include an upper horizontal keel, a middle horizontal keel, and a lower horizontal keel. The vertical keels are fixedly connected to the horizontal keels to form a main steel frame in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri'. The upper horizontal keel and the middle horizontal keel are respectively fixed at the upper edge and the lower edge of the upper window opening, and the lower horizontal keel is fixed at the upper edge of the lower window opening; or, the upper horizontal keel is fixed at the lower edge of the upper window opening, and the middle horizontal keel and the lower horizontal keel are respectively fixed at the upper edge and the lower edge of the lower window opening.

4. A multifunctional component applicable to the renovation of the exterior walls of old buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail is arranged on the inner side of the exterior window, and a detachable guardrail is installed on the slide rail.

5. A multifunctional component applicable to the renovation of the outer walls of old buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure unit includes a steel frame, grille one, and a bottom plate. The two sides of the steel frame facing the exterior wall are respectively welded to the two side frames of the main steel frame. Grille one is distributed on the top surface and the left, front, and right three side surfaces of the steel frame. The bottom plate and the steel frame are respectively connected to the main steel frame, and the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the steel frame. The bottom plate, the steel frame, grille one, and the corresponding exterior wall form the receiving space.

6. The multifunctional component applicable to the exterior wall renovation of old buildings according to claim 5, wherein: Grille two is arranged on the bottom plate, and a spacer is arranged between the bottom plate and grille two to form a gap therebetween. A stop block is arranged between grille two and the steel frame to prevent grille two from sliding.

7. A multifunctional component applicable to the renovation of the outer walls of old buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The part of grille one distributed on the top surface of the steel frame is movably connected to the steel frame.

8. A multifunctional component applicable to the renovation of the exterior walls of old buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that: There is also grille three, which is connected to the steel frame and is located above grille one.

9. The multifunctional component applicable to the renovation of the exterior walls of old buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specification of the window opening is greater than 2.4 * 1.8 m, and the exterior window is provided with a steel section lining.

10. A method for renovating the exterior wall of an old building according to the multi-functional component described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step 1, remove the exterior wall plaster layer to expose the basic wall and the structural beam, and measure the size of the window opening. Step 2, prefabricate the main steel frame, the exterior window, and the enclosure unit according to the obtained window opening size. Step 3, implant chemical bolts and post-embedded plate connectors at the corresponding positions of the structural beam and the concrete beam of the basic wall. Step 4, after welding the prefabricated main steel frame to the post-embedded plate connectors, perform hot-dip galvanizing treatment, and then coat fluorocarbon paint on the surface. Fix the exterior window on the main steel frame, embed it in the periphery of the window opening, and seal the corresponding installation gaps. Step 5, fixedly connect the enclosure unit to the main steel frame to complete the transformation.

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