Liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, testing system and testing method

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, a testing system and a testing method. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device comprises a phase change power assembly, a piston assembly, a launching cylinder and a simulated bomb assembly. The simulation bomb assembly divides the launching canister into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, and a backflow channel is formed between the simulation bomb assembly and the wall of the second cavity. According to the design of the projectile body and the launching cylinder, the traditional mode that sealing is added between the projectile body and the launching cylinder to reduce leakage is changed, the communication area is designed in front of and behind the projectile body, water in front of the projectile body can flow back to the tail of the launching cylinder in time in the launching process, the pressure difference in front of and behind the projectile body is reduced, and water pressure resistance during projectile body launching is reduced. Through the multi-stage piston mechanism, the deep water backpressure action area is greatly reduced, and the water pressure resistance during projectile body launching is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underwater launch, and particularly relates to a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device, a test system and a test method. Background Art

[0002] Underwater launch tests generally adopt self-powered hot launch or cold launch. Hot launch relies on the self-thrust of the projectile to complete underwater launch, which requires a complex exhaust duct and has poor adaptability to launch platforms with a narrow underwater space; cold launch mainly relies on high-temperature and high-pressure gases such as gas and steam to push the projectile out of the tube and ignite after moving out of the water in the water. The cold launch of the prior art mainly uses high-temperature and high-pressure gas launch for underwater launch. This cold launch method poses problems for the design of underwater launch platforms, and at the same time, the high-temperature and toxic gas damages the environment of the underwater launch platform.

[0003] Patent application CN117570774A discloses an underwater launch power device with carbon dioxide phase change, including a test projectile, a watertight diaphragm, a launch tube, a sealed bottom support, a support seat and a phase change power device. The test projectile and the launch tube are sealed, and the phase change power device generates thrust to push the test projectile on the sealed bottom support to slide along the launch tube. However, the underwater environment is complex. Especially as the depth increases, the back pressure of water increases. The test projectile and the launch tube are sealed, and the pressure difference between the front and back of the projectile is large. The high-pressure gas generated by the liquid-gas phase change of carbon dioxide needs to overcome the back pressure resistance of water to do work, which is even much greater than the energy required to launch the projectile. Therefore, how to reduce the back pressure of water and achieve deep-water tube launch is a difficult problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device, a test system and a test method to reduce the water pressure resistance during projectile launch in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device includes a phase change power assembly, a piston assembly, a launch tube, and a simulated projectile assembly; The phase change power assembly is connected to the launch tube; The piston assembly and the simulated projectile assembly are arranged in the launch tube; the piston assembly is communicated with the phase change power assembly; The phase change power assembly includes a phase change tube and an initial volume chamber, and the initial volume chamber is communicated with the piston assembly; The simulated projectile assembly divides the launch tube into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, and a reflux channel is formed between the simulated projectile assembly and the wall of the second cavity.

[0006] The phase change power component provides high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas through the liquid-gas phase change of liquid carbon dioxide. The high-pressure mixed gas generated by the phase change power component enters the piston component, and the piston component elongates under the action of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas and ejects the simulation projectile out of the launch tube. The reflux channel is used to divert the water flow in the third cavity to the first cavity of the launch tube to reduce the pressure difference between the front and back of the simulation projectile. In the design of the projectile body and the launch tube of the present invention, instead of the traditional method of increasing sealing between the projectile body and the launch tube to reduce leakage, a reflux channel is arranged between the projectile body and the launch tube, and the communication areas are designed at the front and back of the projectile body, so that during the launch process, the water in front of the projectile body can flow back to the tail of the launch tube in time, reducing the pressure difference between the front and back of the projectile body, thereby reducing the water pressure resistance when the projectile body is launched.

[0007] Further, the area of the reflux channel is preferably as large as possible according to the size constraints, and the area of the reflux channel is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of the simulation projectile assembly.

[0008] Further, the simulation projectile assembly includes a simulation projectile and a sliding guide rail, and the sliding guide rail is axially arranged outside the simulation projectile.

[0009] Further, the simulation projectile assembly further includes an inertial group off-line recorder. The recorder can collect the sliding attitude parameters of the simulation projectile and record the motion attitude of the simulation projectile.

[0010] Further, there is at least 1 phase change tube. Different combinations of phase change tubes can be used to achieve the launch power at different underwater depths.

[0011] Further, the piston component includes a moving cylinder section, a fixed cylinder section, and a projectile holder. There is at least 1 moving cylinder section; The moving cylinder section is arranged inside the fixed cylinder section; A sealing disc is arranged at one end of the moving cylinder section closest to the fixed cylinder section and away from the phase change power component; The moving cylinder section closest to the fixed cylinder section is communicated with the phase change power component; A projectile holder is arranged at one end of the fixed cylinder section away from the phase change power component.

[0012] The piston component realizes the conversion of the pressure energy of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas into the kinetic energy of the simulation projectile. The piston component bears the thrust of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas during the ejection process of the simulation projectile to gradually push the simulation projectile to move. Through the multi-stage piston mechanism of the present invention, the area of the deep-water back pressure effect is greatly reduced, further reducing the water pressure resistance when the projectile body is launched.

[0013] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system, including the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device and the test tank assembly; The launch tube and the test tank assembly are coaxially arranged, the launch tube and the test tank assembly are communicated, and the launch tube is arranged outside or inside the test tank assembly; The test tank assembly is sequentially provided with a first area and a second area from top to bottom. The first area is a gas storage area, and the second area is a water storage area; The height of the second area is higher than the height of the launch tube.

[0014] Under the action of high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas, the piston assembly elongates to eject the simulated projectile out of the launch tube and into the test tank assembly. Water is stored in the test tank assembly to simulate the underwater environment. The gas storage area is used to add gas to change the water pressure in the test tank assembly to simulate different water depths, so as to conduct launch power tests at different water depths.

[0015] Further, the volume of the first area satisfies the following formula:

[0016] wherein, is the allowable pressure for the design of the test tank assembly, is the back pressure corresponding to the test water depth, is the volume of the simulated projectile, and a is a safety factor.

[0017] Preferably, a is 1.1 - 1.3.

[0018] Further, the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system further includes a measurement and control console, and the measurement and control console includes a water filling device, a gas filling device, and a pressure acquisition device; The water filling device and the gas filling device are communicated with the test tank assembly through pipelines; The pressure acquisition device includes a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is arranged on the test tank assembly, and the second pressure sensor is arranged on the launch tube.

[0019] The test tank assembly is filled with water or gas through the measurement and control console, and the pressure sensors are used to monitor the pressures in the test tank assembly and the launch tube.

[0020] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test method, including the following steps: S1. Assemble the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system and equip the phase change tube according to the test water depth; S2. Inject water and gas into the test tank assembly; S3. According to the preset excitation timing, sequentially excite the phase change tubes to conduct the test.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art: In the design of the projectile and the launch tube of the present invention, the traditional method of adding seals between the projectile and the launch tube to reduce leakage is changed. A communication area is designed at the front and rear of the projectile, so that during the launch process, the water in front of the projectile can flow back to the tail of the launch tube in time, reducing the pressure difference between the front and rear of the projectile and the water pressure resistance during the launch of the projectile.

[0022] Through a multi-stage piston mechanism, the present invention greatly reduces the area of the deep water back pressure effect, further reducing the water pressure resistance during the launch of the projectile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the launch tube of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the piston assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system of the present invention; Figure 5 is the velocity-time curve of the simulated projectile in Test 1; Figure 6 is the velocity-time curve of the simulated projectile in Test 2; Figure 7 is the change of the pressure inside the test tank in Test 2; Figure 8 is the velocity-time curve of the simulated projectile in Test 3; Figure 9 is the change of the pressure inside the test tank in Test 3.

[0024] In the figure, 1 - phase change power assembly, 11 - phase change tube, 12 - initial volume chamber, 2 - piston assembly, 21 - moving cylinder section, 211 - first cylinder section, 212 - second cylinder section, 213 - third cylinder section, 214 - fourth cylinder section, 215 - sealing disc, 216 - sealed cavity, 22 - fixed cylinder section, 23 - projectile support, 3 - launch tube, 30 - return flow channel, 31 - first cavity, 32 - second cavity, 33 - third cavity, 4 - simulated projectile assembly, 41 - simulated projectile, 42 - sliding guide rail, 43 - inertial group off-line recorder, 5 - test tank assembly, 6 - measurement and control console, 51 - test tank, 52 - first pressure sensor, 53 - pipeline, 54 - second pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. For the convenience of narration, words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" appearing below only indicate the same directions as the upper, lower, left, and right of the attached drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. Embodiment

[0026] As Figure 1 , the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system of this embodiment includes a phase change power assembly 1, a piston assembly 2, a launch tube 3, a simulated projectile assembly 4, a test tank assembly 5, and a measurement and control console 6. The phase change power assembly 1 is suitable for providing high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas through the liquid-gas phase change of liquid carbon dioxide. The phase change power assembly 1 is connected to the piston assembly 2, and the high-pressure mixed gas generated by the phase change power assembly 1 enters the piston assembly 2. A simulated projectile assembly 4 is arranged in the launch tube 3. The piston assembly 2 elongates under the action of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas and shoots the simulated projectile assembly 4 out of the launch tube 3 and into the test tank assembly 5. Water is stored in the test tank assembly 5 to simulate the underwater environment. The phase change power assembly 1 is electrically connected to the measurement and control console 6 through a circuit, and the release of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas by the phase change power assembly 1 is controlled through the measurement and control console 6. The simulated projectile assembly 4 collects attitude data offline.

[0027] The launch tube 3 and the test tank assembly 5 are connected as a whole, and the piston assembly 2 and the simulated projectile assembly 4 are immersed in the water in the launch tube 3.

[0028] The launch tube 3 can be arranged outside the test tank assembly 5, and when the size of the test tank assembly 5 is sufficient, the launch tube 3 can also be arranged inside the test tank assembly 5.

[0029] The test tank assembly 5 is provided with a first area and a second area in sequence from the upper part to the lower part. The first area is a gas storage area, and the second area is a water storage area.

[0030] The water surface height stored in the test tank assembly 5 is higher than the height of the launch tube 3. The gas storage area is suitable for adding nitrogen to change the water pressure in the test tank assembly 5 to simulate different water depths. The water pressure is approximately equal to the nitrogen pressure added to the gas storage area.

[0031] The phase change power assembly 1 includes a phase change tube 11 and an initial volume chamber 12. The phase change tube 11 is connected to the initial volume chamber 12. The phase change tube 11 realizes the phase change of the internal liquid carbon dioxide through chemical agent combustion or electric heating and releases high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide mixed gas into the initial volume chamber 12. The phase change tube is at least 1.

[0032] As Figure 3, the piston assembly 2 is specifically a multi-stage piston rod. The piston assembly 2 is a device that converts the pressure energy of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas into the kinetic energy of the simulation projectile assembly 4. During the ejection process of the simulation projectile assembly 4, the piston assembly 2 bears the thrust of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas to gradually push the simulation projectile assembly 4 to move. The piston assembly 2 includes a moving cylinder section 21, a fixed cylinder section 22, and a projectile base 23. The moving cylinder section 21 is arranged inside the fixed cylinder section 22. The telescopic stroke of the moving cylinder section 21 is 0.5m - 2m, and it is made of aluminum alloy material with a wall thickness of not less than 6mm. By adding a multi-stage piston mechanism, the area of the deep-water back pressure is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the water pressure resistance during the projectile launch.

[0033] The moving cylinder section 21 has multiple sections and is a hollow structure. The moving cylinder section 21 has 4 sections, including a first cylinder section 211, a second cylinder section 212, a third cylinder section 213, and a fourth cylinder section 214. The sealing disc 215 seals the inner cavity of the first cylinder section 211 to form a sealed cavity 216, and the sealed cavity 216 is connected to the phase change power assembly 1. A projectile base 23 is arranged at one end of the fixed cylinder section 22 away from the phase change power assembly 1, and the projectile base 23 is locked to the end of the first cylinder section 211 by bolts. The first cylinder section 211, the second cylinder section 212, the third cylinder section 213, and the fourth cylinder section 214 extend out of the fixed cylinder section 22 under the action of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas.

[0034] The diameter of the first cylinder section 211 is as small as possible on the basis of ensuring stiffness and strength, thereby reducing resistance.

[0035] Such as Figure 2 , the simulation projectile assembly 4 includes a simulation projectile 41, a sliding guide rail 42, and an inertial unit off-line recorder 43. The simulation projectile 41 divides the launch tube 3 into a first cavity 31 (back pressure cavity), a second cavity 32 (sliding cavity), and a third cavity 33 (delivery cavity). A sliding guide rail 42 is axially arranged outside the simulation projectile 41, and the sliding guide rail 42 is arranged in the chute of the second cavity 32. A return flow channel 30 is formed between the simulation projectile 41 and the wall of the second cavity 32, and the return flow channel 30 is suitable for diverting the water flow in the third cavity 33 to the first cavity 31 to reduce the pressure difference between the front and back of the simulation projectile 41. To ensure the expected ejection target speed, the area of the return flow channel 30 is preferably as large as possible according to the size constraints. Through tests, it is measured that the area of the return flow channel 30 usually needs to be greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of the simulation projectile assembly 4. By adopting a reasonable width of the return flow channel 30, there is enough clearance between the launch tube wall and the simulation projectile 41 so that the water in front of the simulation projectile 41 can flow back to the tail of the simulation projectile 41 in time to reduce resistance. An inertial unit off-line recorder 43 is fixedly installed inside the simulation projectile 41, and the inertial unit off-line recorder 43 off-line records the sliding attitude parameters of the simulation projectile 41. The inertial unit off-line recorder 43 can specifically be an IMU860, and the parameters of the IMU860 are shown in Table 1.

[0036] The test tank assembly 5 includes a test tank 51, which is used to store water to simulate the underwater environment. As one of the embodiments, the length of the test tank 51 is set to 5 m, the diameter is 1 m, and the pressure-bearing capacity is 9.8 MPa.

[0037] The measurement and control console 6 includes a water filling device, a gas filling device, a phase change tube excitation device, and a pressure acquisition device. The water filling device and the gas filling device are connected to the test tank 51 through a pipeline 53 to inject water or nitrogen into the test tank 51. The pressure acquisition device includes a first pressure sensor 52 and a second pressure sensor 54. The first pressure sensor 52 is arranged on the test tank assembly 5, and the second pressure sensor 54 is arranged on the launch tube 3, as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 。

[0038] The phase change tube excitation device is electrically connected to the phase change tube 11 through a circuit to control the phase change tube 11 to release a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture.

[0039] The first pressure sensor 52 is arranged at the tail position of the outer wall of the test tank 51, and the second pressure sensor 54 is arranged at the test tank mouth at the end of the launch tube 3. The test tank 51 is filled with water or gas through the measurement and control console 6.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test method to achieve liquid-gas phase change underwater launch tests at different depths, including the following processes: Fix the launch tube 3, the test tank 51, and the phase change power assembly 1 coaxially and at the same horizontal height.

[0041] Turn on the inertial measurement unit offline recorder 43.

[0042] Inject water into the test tank 51 to submerge the height of the launch tube 3.

[0043] As the projectile is launched into the test tank 51, the gas in the test tank 51 will be compressed and the pressure will increase. The unfilled volume in the test tank 51 cannot be too small, otherwise, as the gas volume is compressed and the pressure increases, it will endanger the safety of the test system. The designed unfilled volume in the test tank 51 should satisfy the following relational expression:

[0044] Among them, is the volume of the first region (gas storage area), is the allowable operating pressure designed for the test tank assembly, is the back pressure corresponding to the test water depth, is the volume of the simulated projectile, and a is a safety factor to ensure the safety of the test, and it is recommended to take 1.1 - 1.3.

[0045] Inject nitrogen into the test tank 51.

[0046] Equip the phase change power assembly 1 with phase change tubes 11.

[0047] For the 100m water depth test simulation, the phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with 4 phase change tubes 11 with volumes of 0.07L, 0.07L, 0.7L, and 0.7L respectively, and the corresponding excitation time sequence is 0ms - 15ms - 26ms - 38ms.

[0048] For the 300m water depth test simulation, the phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with 3 phase change tubes 11 with volumes of 0.07L, 2.4L, and 2.4L respectively, and the corresponding excitation time sequence is 0ms - 35ms - 45ms.

[0049] For the 500m water depth test simulation, the phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with 3 phase change tubes 11 with volumes of 0.07L, 4.4L, and 4.4L respectively, and the corresponding excitation time sequence is 0ms - 30ms - 55ms.

[0050] The phase change tube excitation device controls the phase change tube 11 to release high - pressure carbon dioxide mixture for the test.

[0051] Obtain the data of the first pressure sensor 52 and the second pressure sensor 54, and obtain the data of the inertial group off - line recorder 43.

[0052] As one of the implementation modes, the mass of the simulated projectile assembly 4 is 220kg. To simulate different water depths, the set pressures of the test tank 51 are 1MPa, 3MPa, and 5MPa respectively, simulating the water depth environments of 100m, 300m, and 500m. The test parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Test 1: The velocity - time curve of the simulated projectile 41 when the pressure in the test tank 51 is 1MPa is as Figure 5 shown, and the maximum velocity of the simulated projectile 41 is about 12.6m / s.

[0054] Test 2: The velocity - time curve of the simulated projectile 41 when the pressure in the test tank 51 is 3MPa is as Figure 6 shown. The change of the pressure in the test tank 51 is as Figure 7 shown. The maximum velocity of the simulated projectile 41 is about 10.22m / s. During the ejection process, the pressure in the test tank 51 rises significantly, and the pressure peak is not greater than 3.4MPa.

[0055] Test 3: The velocity - time curve of the simulated projectile 41 when the pressure in the test tank 51 is 5MPa is as shown in 8. The change of the pressure in the test tank 51 is as Figure 9 shown. The maximum velocity of the simulated projectile 41 is about 9.3m / s. During the ejection process, the pressure in the test tank 51 rises significantly, and the pressure peak is not greater than 5.9MPa.

[0056] The content set forth in the above embodiments should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention more clearly, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modification made by those skilled in the art to the present invention all fall within the scope defined by the claims appended to this application.

Claims

1. A liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, characterized in that, It includes a phase change power assembly (1), a piston assembly (2), a launch tube (3), and a simulated projectile assembly (4); The phase change power assembly (1) is connected to the launch tube (3); The piston assembly (2) and the simulated projectile assembly (4) are arranged inside the launch tube (3), and the piston assembly (2) is in communication with the phase change power assembly (1); The phase change power assembly (1) includes a phase change tube (11) and an initial volume chamber (12), and the initial volume chamber (12) is in communication with the piston assembly (2); The simulated projectile assembly (4) divides the launch tube (3) into a first cavity (31), a second cavity (32), and a third cavity (33), and a reflux channel (30) is formed between the simulated projectile assembly (4) and the wall of the second cavity (32).

2. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device according to claim 1, wherein The area of the reflux channel (30) is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of the simulated projectile assembly (4).

3. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated projectile assembly (4) includes a simulated projectile (41) and a sliding guide rail (42), and the sliding guide rail (42) is axially arranged outside the simulated projectile (41).

4. The underwater launch device for liquid-gas phase change according to claim 3, characterized in that The simulated projectile assembly (4) further includes an inertial measurement unit offline recorder (43).

5. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device according to claim 1, wherein There is at least one phase change tube (11).

6. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston assembly (2) includes a moving cylinder section (21), a fixed cylinder section (22), and a projectile retainer (23), and there is at least one moving cylinder section (21); The moving cylinder section (21) is arranged inside the fixed cylinder section (22); A sealing disc (215) is arranged at one end of the moving cylinder section (21) closest to the inside of the fixed cylinder section (22) away from the phase change power assembly (1); The moving cylinder section (21) closest to the inside of the fixed cylinder section (22) is in communication with the phase change power assembly (1); A projectile retainer (23) is arranged at one end of the fixed cylinder section (22) away from the phase change power assembly (1).

7. A liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system, characterized in that, It includes the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device according to any one of claims 1-6 and a test tank assembly (5); The launch tube (3) and the test tank assembly (5) are coaxially arranged, the launch tube (3) is in communication with the test tank assembly (5), and the launch tube (3) is arranged outside or inside the test tank assembly (5); The test tank assembly (5) is sequentially provided with a first area and a second area from top to bottom, the first area is a gas storage area, and the second area is a water storage area; The height of the second area is higher than the height of the launch tube (3).

8. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The volume of the first region satisfies the following formula: ； Among them, is the allowable operating pressure designed for the test tank assembly, is the back pressure corresponding to the test water depth, is the volume of the simulated projectile, and a is the safety factor.

9. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 7, wherein, The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system further includes a measurement and control console (6), and the measurement and control console (6) includes a water filling device, a gas filling device, and a pressure acquisition device; The water filling device and the gas filling device are in communication with the test tank assembly (5) through pipelines; The pressure acquisition device includes a first pressure sensor (52) and a second pressure sensor (54), the first pressure sensor (52) is arranged on the test tank assembly (5), and the second pressure sensor (54) is arranged on the launch tube (3).

10. A method for liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test, characterized in that, It is carried out by using the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to any one of claims 7-9, and includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system and equip the phase change pipe according to the test water depth; S2. Inject water and gas into the test tank assembly; S3. Sequentially activate the phase change pipe according to the preset activation timing to conduct the test.

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