An anchor rod pulling test device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anchor rod pulling test device, which relates to the technical field of anchor rod pulling test, comprising: a main body frame, the main body frame is used to support the overall structure of the test device, the main body frame includes a main body base, the lower end of the main body base is fixedly installed with multiple groups of supporting legs, the upper end of the main body frame is fixedly provided with side connecting plates on both sides, the top of the side connecting plates is fixedly installed with a main body top plate, and the main base and the main body top plate are fixedly connected by multiple groups of guide columns; a barrel assembly, which is detachably provided at the upper end of the main body base, and the barrel assembly is used to integrally mold the anchor rod and the anchoring material; a barrel clamping mechanism, which is installed on the main body base and is used to fix the limit barrel assembly; the present invention converts the pulling displacement into clamping pressure, thereby realizing adaptive enhancement of the clamping force as the pulling force increases, ensuring that the anchor rod remains stably clamped throughout the pulling test, and avoiding test interruption or data distortion caused by clamping failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anchor rod pulling experiments, and in particular to an anchor rod pulling experiment device. Background Art

[0002] Bolting technology offers advantages such as strengthening rock mass, reducing structure weight, and conserving engineering materials. In recent years, it has gradually developed into a key technical means for preventing and controlling geological disasters, and has been widely used in geotechnical engineering fields such as slopes, foundation pits, and tunnels. However, due to the complexity and hidden nature of damage in anchor bolt systems in actual projects, further research is needed on anchor bolt strength testing technology.

[0003] Chinese patent application number CN112683670A discloses an anchor bolt pullout test apparatus and its testing method. The apparatus comprises a frame, an anchoring mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and displacement and pressure sensors. The lifting mechanism lifts the clamping mechanism to pull the anchor bolt, and the sensor data is used to calculate the anchor strength.

[0004] However, in this patent, for the anchor rod pulling test, the anchor rod and the anchoring material are placed in the anchoring mechanism, and the storage barrel is clamped by adjusting the screw and the tightening plate. During the pulling process, the entire anchoring material can be easily pulled out of the storage barrel, and the anchoring material and the storage barrel are limited by a fixed rod. During the pulling process, the limiting rod is easily deformed, resulting in the anchoring material being unable to be separated from the storage barrel.

[0005] On the other hand, the clamping mechanism described in the aforementioned patent includes a support plate, a positioning column, a mounting plate, a clamping plate, and a structure that drives the clamping plate to clamp the anchor rod via a threaded sleeve and a guide rod. The clamping force of the clamping plate primarily relies on the rotation of the threaded sleeve to push the guide rod, which in turn rotates the mounting plate via the clamping frame and the clamping block, driving the clamping plate to clamp the anchor rod. Therefore, after the initial clamping, the clamping force of the existing clamping mechanism is fixed and does not automatically increase with increasing pull-out force. This can result in insufficient clamping force to maintain the anchor rod if it begins to slip during the pull-out process, causing it to fall out. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anchor rod pulling test device to solve the technical problem that the anchor rod falls off due to insufficient clamping force during the pulling test.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An anchor rod pulling test device, comprising:

[0009] The main frame is used to support the overall structure of the test device. The main frame includes a main base, a plurality of support legs are fixedly installed at the lower end of the main base, side connecting plates are fixedly provided on both opposite sides of the upper end of the main base, a main top plate is fixedly installed on the top of the side connecting plates, and the main base and the main top plate are fixedly connected by multiple sets of guide columns;

[0010] A barrel assembly, which is detachably mounted on the upper end of the main body base and is used to integrally form the anchor rod and the anchoring material;

[0011] The barrel clamping mechanism is installed on the main body base to fix the limited barrel assembly;

[0012] The limiting assembly includes a fixed seat plate fixedly mounted on the side connecting plate and a limiting seat plate slidably connected to the guide column. A limiting oil cylinder for controlling the lifting and lowering movement of the limiting seat plate is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat plate. The limiting oil cylinder is used to limit the anchoring material body during the pulling test.

[0013] A pulling assembly is slidably mounted on the guide column and is used to clamp the end of the anchor rod for a pulling test and to perform a pulling linkage clamping on the anchor rod;

[0014] The stretching main oil cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the main body top plate to drive the pulling component to move up and down;

[0015] A displacement sensor, which is fixedly mounted on the top plate of the main body and is used to detect the pulling displacement;

[0016] The pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the top plate of the main body and is used to detect the drawing pressure.

[0017] Preferably, the barrel clamping mechanism includes:

[0018] A plurality of clamping slides are slidably arranged on the upper end of the main body base, a slide stop groove is provided at the lower end of the clamping slide, a connecting groove is provided on the main body base, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the clamping slide, and the connecting rod passes through the connecting groove and is fixedly connected to a sliding rack;

[0019] A motor bracket is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the main body base, a clamping motor is fixedly mounted on the motor bracket, a drive shaft is fixedly mounted on the output end of the clamping motor, two sets of drive gears are fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, and the two sets of drive gears are respectively meshed with multiple sets of sliding racks for transmission connection;

[0020] A rack guide frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main body base, and the rack guide frame is used to limit and guide the sliding of the sliding rack.

[0021] Preferably, the barrel assembly comprises:

[0022] The material storage inner barrel is used to hold the anchoring material to fix the anchor rod into shape. During the shaping process, a layer of plastic film is laid inside the material storage inner barrel to prevent the anchoring material from adhering to the inside of the material storage inner barrel. The upper end of the material storage inner barrel is fixedly provided with an inner barrel outer edge.

[0023] The supporting outer barrel is sleeved on the outside of the material storage inner barrel for supporting the material storage inner barrel, and the inner periphery of the supporting outer barrel is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the material storage inner barrel through a plurality of side springs; a plurality of limiting plugs are fixedly provided on the lower part of the outer periphery of the supporting outer barrel.

[0024] Preferably, an inner barrel baffle is fixedly provided on the lower portion of the outer periphery of the storage inner barrel, and the diameter of the inner barrel baffle is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting outer barrel;

[0025] The inner wall of the supporting outer barrel is provided with an outer barrel baffle, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the storage inner barrel and smaller than the outer diameter of the inner barrel baffle; the bottom of the storage inner barrel is connected to the bottom of the supporting outer barrel through multiple sets of support springs;

[0026] A plurality of vibrators for providing vibration for forming the anchoring material are installed at the bottom of the material storage inner barrel.

[0027] Preferably, the center of the limit seat plate is provided with an anchor hole for the anchor rod to pass through, the limit seat plate is provided with a guide hole for slidingly cooperating with the guide column, both sides of the limit seat plate are provided with connecting support plates connected to the limit oil cylinder, and the side connecting plates are provided with side sliding grooves for avoiding the connecting support plates;

[0028] The side end of the position limiting seat plate is provided with a connecting slot with a cross-shaped cross section, and the side end of the position limiting seat plate provided with the connecting slot is provided with a bolt hole;

[0029] A connecting plug board is plugged into the connecting slot, a U-shaped connecting socket is fixedly connected to the connecting plug board, and the connecting socket is fixedly installed in the bolt hole through a plug board bolt thread.

[0030] Preferably, the material pulling assembly includes:

[0031] A stretching base, wherein a stretching bracket for connecting to the output end of the stretching main oil cylinder is fixedly provided on the upper end of the stretching base, and a stretching through hole for the anchor rod to pass through is fixedly provided at the center of the stretching base;

[0032] An anchor rod clamping mechanism, which is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper end of the stretching base and is used to clamp the end of the anchor rod;

[0033] A side pressure mechanism, which squeezes the anchor rod clamping mechanism on both sides so that the anchor rod clamping mechanism clamps the anchor rod;

[0034] The linked clamping mechanism continuously applies clamping pressure to the anchor rod clamping mechanism as the pulling assembly is pulled and lifted.

[0035] Preferably, the anchor rod clamping mechanism includes:

[0036] The clamping box is a rectangular cylindrical structure fixedly arranged on the upper end of the stretching base, and both side walls of the clamping box are provided with side pressure through holes and linkage through holes;

[0037] Connecting spindles, which are provided in two sets and fixedly mounted on the inner upper part of the clamping box;

[0038] A clamping swivel seat is rotatably mounted on the connecting main shaft and a connecting support shaft is fixedly arranged on the clamping swivel seat;

[0039] The clamping block is rotatably mounted on the connecting support shaft. An anchor rod groove for clamping the anchor rod is provided on the inner side of the clamping block. The lower part of the clamping block is connected to the lower part of the clamping swivel seat through a connecting spring.

[0040] Preferably, the side pressure mechanism includes:

[0041] A side pressure bracket is fixedly arranged on the stretching base, and the side pressure bracket has a U-shaped structure. A bidirectional screw is rotatably installed on the inner side of the side pressure bracket, and the two ends of the bidirectional screw are screws with opposite thread directions;

[0042] A side pressure motor is fixedly mounted on the outside of the side pressure bracket and is used to drive the bidirectional screw to rotate;

[0043] A screw slider is threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw and slidably connected to the side wall of the side pressure bracket;

[0044] The side pressure connecting plate is fixedly connected to the screw slider. A side pressure rod slidingly penetrating the side pressure through hole is fixedly provided on one side of the side pressure connecting plate close to the anchor rod clamping mechanism.

[0045] Preferably, the linkage clamping mechanism includes:

[0046] A linkage fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the stretching base, a linkage sliding rod is slidably connected to the linkage fixing frame, a linkage clamping assembly is fixedly connected to the side of the linkage sliding rod close to the stretching base, and a linkage wedge block is fixedly connected to the other side of the linkage sliding rod;

[0047] A return spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the linkage slide rod, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the linkage fixing frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the linkage wedge block for rebounding and resetting the linkage wedge block;

[0048] A linkage rear seat is fixedly provided at the lower end of the main body top plate, and a wedge-shaped groove matched with the linkage wedge-shaped block is provided on the linkage rear seat.

[0049] Preferably, the linkage clamping assembly includes:

[0050] An active slide rod, which is fixedly connected to the linkage slide rod, and two sets of driving sleeves are slidably provided on the active slide rod;

[0051] The driven slide rod is provided with two groups of symmetrical sliding connections on the linkage fixed frame. The lower part of the driven slide rod is rotatably connected to the support rod 1, and the support rod 1 is rotatably connected to the lower part of one side of the driving slide sleeve. The upper part of the other side of the driving slide sleeve is rotatably connected to the support rod 2, and the support rod 2 is rotatably connected to the linkage fixed frame.

[0052] The linkage slide is fixedly connected to the driven slide bar. A linkage pressure rod sliding through the linkage through hole is fixedly provided on the linkage slide bar. The linkage pressure rod is used for pressing and clamping the swivel seat and the anchor rod.

[0053] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0054] By converting the pulling displacement into clamping pressure, the clamping force is adaptively enhanced as the pulling force increases, ensuring that the anchor rod remains stably clamped throughout the pulling test, avoiding test interruption or data distortion caused by clamping failure, and effectively solving the technical problems in the existing technology such as easy falling off of anchoring materials, easy deformation of limiting structures, and insufficient clamping force.

[0055] When the anchor rod passes through the anchor hole, the limit plate resists lateral torque through the torsion-resistant structure of the cross-shaped connecting slot and the connecting plate, preventing loosening of the connection. The cross-shaped connecting slot can be used to insert longer anchor rods into the limit plate from the side. In other words, the formed anchor rod and anchoring material can be placed in the device through the cross-shaped connecting slot for pull-out testing. At this point, the barrel assembly can be disassembled, improving the applicability of the device.

[0056] This application achieves a function whereby the anchor rod's clamping force automatically increases with the pullout force, resolving the problem of anchor rod slippage caused by the fixed clamping force in conventional devices. The clamping mechanism maintains effective restraint throughout the pullout process, ensuring the accuracy of experimental data. The mechanical force transmission method of the linkage mechanism avoids the complexity of the electrical control system and improves the reliability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an anchor rod pulling experimental device of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of an anchor rod pulling test device of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a bottom-up structural schematic diagram of an anchor rod pulling experimental device according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 This invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction;

[0062] Figure 5 This invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the middle BB direction;

[0063] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the barrel assembly of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting assembly of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the limit assembly of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the material pulling assembly of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the material pulling assembly of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 11 1 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the material pulling assembly of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 12 This invention Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the middle DD direction;

[0070] Figure 13 This invention Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure in the CC direction;

[0071] Figure 14 This invention Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional plane structure in the CC direction.

[0072] In the figure: 1. Support leg; 2. Main frame; 21. Main base; 211. Connecting groove; 22. Side connecting plate; 221. Side slide groove; 23. Main top plate; 24. Guide column; 25. Linkage rear seat; 26. Wedge groove; 3. Barrel clamping mechanism; 31. Motor bracket; 32. Clamping motor; 33. Drive shaft; 34. Drive gear; 35. Sliding rack; 36. Rack guide frame; 37. Connecting rod; 38. Clamping slide; 39. Slide stop groove; 4. Material Cylinder assembly; 41, storage inner barrel; 42, inner barrel outer edge; 43, support outer barrel; 44, side spring; 45, outer barrel baffle; 46, inner barrel baffle; 47, support spring; 48, vibrator; 49, limit plug; 5, limit assembly; 51, fixed seat plate; 52, limit oil cylinder; 53, limit seat plate; 531, guide hole; 532, anchor hole; 533, connection slot; 534, bolt hole; 54, connection support plate; 55, connection plug plate; 56, connection socket ; 57, insert plate bolt; 6, pulling material assembly; 61, stretching base; 62, stretching bracket; 63, stretching through hole; 64, anchor clamping mechanism; 641, clamping box; 642, side pressure through hole; 643, linkage through hole; 644, connecting spindle; 645, clamping swivel; 646, connecting support shaft; 647, clamping block; 648, connecting spring; 649, anchor groove; 65, side pressure mechanism; 651, side pressure bracket; 652, side pressure motor; 653, two-way screw Rod; 654, screw slider; 655, side pressure connecting plate; 656, side pressure rod; 66, linkage clamping mechanism; 661, linkage fixing frame; 662, linkage slide rod; 663, return spring; 664, linkage wedge block; 665, active slide rod; 666, driving slide sleeve; 667, support rod 1; 668, support rod 2; 669, driven slide rod; 670, linkage slide plate; 671, linkage pressure rod; 7, stretching main oil cylinder; 8, displacement sensor; 9, pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] See also Figures 1-14As shown, the present invention is an anchor rod pulling experimental device, an anchor rod pulling experimental device, including a main frame 2, a barrel assembly 4, a barrel clamping mechanism 3, a limit assembly 5, a pulling assembly 6, a stretching main oil cylinder 7, a displacement sensor 8 and a pressure sensor 9. The main frame 2 includes a main base 21, a support leg 1, a side connecting plate 22, a main top plate 23 and a guide column 24; the barrel assembly 4 is detachably arranged on the main base 21, and is used for forming the anchor rod and the anchoring material; the barrel clamping mechanism 3 is used to fix the barrel assembly 4; the limit assembly 5 includes a fixed seat plate 51, a limit seat plate 53 and a limit oil cylinder 52, and the limit seat plate 53 is driven to rise and fall by the oil cylinder; the pulling assembly 6 is slidably connected to the guide column 24 and includes a clamping mechanism; the stretching main oil cylinder 7 drives the pulling assembly 6 to move; the displacement sensor 8 and the pressure sensor 9 are installed on the main top plate 23 to monitor the pulling parameters.

[0075] Among them, the main frame 2 refers to a rigid support structure composed of a base, a top plate and a guide column 24 to prevent structural deformation during the drawing process. The barrel assembly 4 refers to a detachable storage container, which is fixed at multiple points by a clamping mechanism to prevent the storage barrel from displacing during drawing. The limit assembly 5 refers to a lifting and limiting mechanism including a hydraulic drive. Specifically, a dual oil cylinder can be used to synchronously drive the limit seat plate 53 to move along the guide column 24 to apply a dynamic restraining force to the storage barrel. The pulling assembly 6 refers to a mobile mechanism with a mechanical linkage clamping function. Specifically, a wedge block and a slide rod can be used to match the structure to trigger the clamping force to be enhanced by displacement during the drawing process. The displacement sensor 8 and the pressure sensor 9 refer to detection units integrated in the top plate. Specifically, a laser displacement meter and a piezoelectric sensor can be used to directly measure the drawing stroke and load changes to avoid mechanical structure deformation interfering with the data.

[0076] Specifically, the main frame 2 connects the base and the top plate through the guide column 24 to form a vertical guide channel, providing a stable sliding path for the drawing component 6. The barrel component 4 is placed on the base, and radial clamping is achieved by meshing the sliding rack 35 of the clamping mechanism with the drive gear 34. The limit seat plate 53 of the limit assembly 5 is pressed down to the top of the storage barrel by the limit cylinder 52 before drawing to prevent the anchoring material from moving up with the storage barrel. The drawing component 6 is driven by the stretching main cylinder 7 to rise along the guide column 24. After the initial clamping of the clamping mechanism, as the drawing height increases, the linkage wedge block 664 interacts with the wedge groove 26 of the top plate, pushing the linkage slide rod 662 to compress the reset spring 663, so that the linkage pressure rod 671 continuously presses the clamping swivel 645, and the clamping force automatically increases with the drawing stroke. The displacement sensor 8 detects the displacement of the drawing component 6 in real time, and the pressure sensor 9 records the load of the stretching main cylinder 7. The data is comprehensively used to calculate the anchoring strength.

[0077] Through the above technical solution, this application realizes dynamic limiting of the storage barrel during the pulling process to prevent the anchoring material from being pulled out along with the storage barrel; the clamping mechanism automatically increases the clamping force during the pulling process to ensure that the anchor rod remains stable under high pressure.

[0078] The present application further proposes that the barrel clamping mechanism 3 includes multiple groups of clamping slides 38 slidably arranged at the upper end of the main body base 21, a slide stop groove 39 is arranged at the lower end of the clamping slide 38, a connecting groove 211 is arranged on the main body base 21, a connecting rod 37 is fixedly connected to the clamping slide 38, and the connecting rod 37 passes through the connecting groove 211 and is fixedly connected to the sliding rack 35; a motor bracket 31 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main body base 21, a clamping motor 32 is fixedly installed on the motor bracket 31, a driving shaft 33 is fixedly installed at the output end of the clamping motor 32, two groups of driving gears 34 are fixedly installed on the driving shaft 33, and the two groups of driving gears 34 are respectively meshed and connected with multiple groups of sliding racks 35; a rack guide frame 36 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main body base 21, and the rack guide frame 36 is used to limit and guide the sliding of the sliding rack 35.

[0079] Among them, the slide stop groove 39 refers to a limiting structure provided at the lower end of the clamping slide 38, which is used to cooperate with the limiting plug 49 of the barrel assembly 4 to form a limiting fixation during clamping. The connecting groove 211 refers to a strip-shaped through hole opened on the main base 21, which is used for the penetrating movement of the connecting rod 37 to limit the horizontal sliding range of the clamping slide 38. The sliding rack 35 refers to a strip-shaped transmission component that meshes with the drive gear 34, and converts rotational motion into linear motion through gear meshing. The drive gear 34 refers to a transmission gear installed on the drive shaft 33, which realizes the synchronous reverse motion of multiple sets of sliding racks 35 through a symmetrical arrangement. The rack guide frame 36 refers to a guiding mechanism fixed to the bottom of the main base 21, which is used to constrain the movement trajectory of the sliding rack 35.

[0080] Specifically, upon activation, the clamping motor 32 drives the drive shaft 33 to rotate. Two sets of symmetrically mounted drive gears 34 on the drive shaft 33 rotate synchronously, and multiple sets of sliding racks 35 meshing with the gears move linearly within the constraints of a rack guide 36. The sliding racks 35 drive the clamping slide 38 to slide across the surface of the main base 21 via a connecting rod 37. The slide retaining groove 39 engages with the peripheral stopper 49 of the barrel assembly 4 to form a retaining stop. The width of the connecting groove 211 matches the diameter of the connecting rod 37, limiting the movement of the clamping slide 38 while preventing it from deflecting. The symmetrical layout of the two sets of drive gears 34 enables symmetrical clamping of the multiple clamping slides 38, achieving multi-point synchronous clamping from a single power source. The linear guidance function of the rack guide 36 ensures that the sliding racks 35 do not deflect during transmission, thereby ensuring the consistency of the movement paths of the multiple clamping slides 38.

[0081] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application achieves multi-directional synchronous clamping of the barrel assembly 4, solving the technical problems of unstable and asynchronous clamping force of traditional manual clamping mechanisms. The engagement and limit of the slide retaining groove 39 and the limit block 49 prevent axial displacement of the barrel during the drawing process. The rack and pinion transmission system ensures the synchronous movement accuracy of multiple sets of clamping slides 38, and the rack guide frame 36 eliminates trajectory deviation during the transmission process. This clamping mechanism can accommodate barrel assemblies 4 of different diameters, achieves precise control of the clamping force by adjusting the movement distance of the clamping slide 38, and also has a self-locking function to maintain a stable clamping state.

[0082] The present application further proposes a barrel assembly 4 comprising an inner storage barrel 41 and an outer support barrel 43. The inner storage barrel 41 is used to hold anchoring material and securely form the anchor rod. During this process, a layer of plastic film is laid within the inner storage barrel 41. An inner barrel outer rim 42 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the inner storage barrel 41. The outer support barrel 43 is sleeved onto the outer periphery of the inner storage barrel 41. Its inner periphery is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner storage barrel 41 via a number of side springs 44. A plurality of stoppers 49 are fixedly mounted on the lower periphery of the outer support barrel 43.

[0083] The inner storage barrel 41 is a cylindrical structure used to hold the anchoring material and anchor rods. Its inner surface is covered with a plastic film, forming a physical barrier. This film prevents the anchoring material from adhering to the metal barrel wall after solidification, preventing adhesion of the anchor material to the barrel during the drawing process, which can make separation difficult. The outer support barrel 43 is a rigid support structure surrounding the inner storage barrel 41. Its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the inner storage barrel 41, forming an annular gap. This gap allows the inner storage barrel 41 to vibrate slightly, while the side springs 44 constrain the displacement to prevent uncontrolled vibration during the anchoring material forming process. The side springs 44 are elastic elements connecting the inner and outer barrels. They are helical compression springs evenly distributed along the circumference. These springs provide elastic support in both the axial and radial directions, allowing the inner storage barrel 41 to vibrate vertically under the action of the vibrator 48 to compact the anchoring material while also limiting lateral displacement to prevent eccentric vibration. The stopper 49 is a positioning protrusion located on the lower portion of the outer support barrel 43. The inserting block cooperates with the clamping slide 38 on the main body base 21 to ensure that the supporting outer barrel 43 remains in a fixed position during the experiment, avoiding displacement of the outer barrel due to pulling force.

[0084] Specifically, before the anchoring material is poured, a plastic film is laid inside the storage inner barrel 41 to form an insulating interface between the anchor body and the metal barrel wall. After the anchor rod is vertically inserted into the storage inner barrel 41, the vibrator 48 is activated, causing the inner barrel to vibrate vertically, densely filling the anchoring material under the action of vibration. At this time, the side springs 44 allow the storage inner barrel 41 to vibrate with limited amplitude within the supporting outer barrel 43, preventing the rigid connection from transmitting vibration stress to the supporting outer barrel 43. After the anchor body is formed, the anchor rod is subjected to tension during the pull-out test. Due to the isolation of the plastic film, the anchor body and the storage inner barrel 41 have no adhesion, and separation can be achieved by simply overcoming the friction between the film and the inner barrel wall. The supporting outer barrel 43 is fixed to the base by a limit block 49, ensuring that the outer barrel does not move during the pull-out process. The side springs 44 absorb the impact load when the inner barrel and anchor body separate, preventing structural deformation of the supporting outer barrel 43.

[0085] Compared to existing technologies, existing anchoring mechanisms use a single storage barrel structure, where the anchoring material directly contacts the metal barrel wall. This makes separation difficult due to chemical adhesion or mechanical seizure during pulling, and the barrel is prone to deformation during vibration compaction. This solution adopts a double-layer barrel nested structure, utilizing a plastic film physical barrier and elastic connection. This eliminates adhesion between the anchoring material and the barrel. The rigid support of the outer barrel and the elastic vibration of the inner barrel ensure the density of the anchoring material while preventing structural deformation.

[0086] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application achieves adhesion-free separation of the anchoring material from the storage barrel, resolving the difficulty of fully detaching the anchor during pullout tests. The elastic connection between the support outer barrel 43 and the storage inner barrel 41 effectively absorbs vibration stress, preventing deformation of the barrel structure that could affect test accuracy. The stopper block 49, in conjunction with the clamping mechanism, ensures stable positioning of the barrel assembly 4 during testing, preventing test data deviations caused by displacement.

[0087] The present application further proposes that an inner barrel baffle 46 is fixedly provided on the lower periphery of the storage inner barrel 41, and the diameter of the inner barrel baffle 46 is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting outer barrel 43; an outer barrel baffle 45 is provided on the inner wall of the supporting outer barrel 43, and the inner diameter of the outer barrel baffle 45 is larger than the outer diameter of the storage inner barrel 41 and smaller than the outer diameter of the inner barrel baffle 46; the bottom of the storage inner barrel 41 is connected to the bottom of the supporting outer barrel 43 through multiple groups of support springs 47; and multiple groups of vibrators 48 are installed on the bottom of the supporting inner barrel.

[0088] The inner barrel baffle 46 is an annular flange structure fixed to the outside of the inner storage barrel 41, which is used to form a mechanical stop with the internal baffle of the support outer barrel 43. The outer barrel baffle 45 is an annular step structure provided on the inner wall of the support outer barrel 43, which is used to prevent the inner barrel baffle 46 from moving upward. The support spring 47 is an elastic element connecting the inner storage barrel 41 to the bottom of the support outer barrel 43, allowing the inner storage barrel 41 to move slightly axially and buffering vibration and impact.

[0089] Specifically, during the pullout test, when the anchor rod moves upward under tension, the inner drum 41 is displaced by the pull of the anchor material. The inner drum baffle 46 contacts the outer drum baffle 45, forming a mechanical stop, preventing the inner drum 41 from dislodging from the supporting outer drum 43. The support spring 47 elastically expands and contracts when the vibrator 48 operates, causing the inner drum 41 to vibrate slightly in the axial direction. This promotes uniform filling of the anchor material, eliminates internal voids, and prevents rigid collisions between the inner drum 41 and the supporting outer drum 43. The vibrations generated by the vibrator 48 are transmitted to the inner drum 41, compacting the anchor material, thereby increasing its density and, in turn, the tightness between the anchor material and the anchor rod, improving the accuracy of the test data.

[0090] Compared to existing anchoring mechanisms, which rely solely on fixed rods to limit the displacement of the storage barrel, this can easily lead to deformation and failure of the retaining structure when the pull-out force is excessive. This solution utilizes mechanical restraints between the inner barrel baffle 46 and the outer barrel baffle 45 to form a dual-stop structure, capable of withstanding greater pull-out forces without structural deformation. The combination of support springs 47 and vibrators 48 ensures the anchoring material maintains a compact form while avoiding the vibration energy loss associated with traditional rigid fixing methods.

[0091] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application effectively prevents the inner storage barrel 41 from being pulled out during the extraction process, ensuring the accuracy of experimental data. The vibrator 48, combined with the elastic support of the support spring 47, significantly improves the molding quality of the anchoring material and eliminates internal pore defects. The plastic film and vibration work synergistically to reduce the adhesion between the anchoring material and the inner storage barrel 41, facilitating separation and cleaning after the experiment.

[0092] The present application further proposes that an anchor hole 532 for the anchor rod to pass through is set in the center of the limiting seat plate 53, a guide hole 531 for sliding cooperation with the guide column 24 is set on the limiting seat plate 53, connecting support plates 54 connected to the limiting oil cylinder 52 are set on both sides of the limiting seat plate 53, and side sliding grooves 221 for avoiding the connecting support plates 54 are set on the side connecting plates 22; a connecting slot 533 with a cross-shaped cross-section is set at the side end of the limiting seat plate 53, and a bolt hole 534 is set at the side end of the limiting seat plate 53 with the connecting slot 533; a connecting plug plate 55 is inserted into the connecting slot 533, and a U-shaped connecting socket 56 is fixedly connected to the connecting plug plate 55, and the connecting socket 56 is threadedly fixed to the bolt hole 534 by the plug plate bolt 57.

[0093] The anchor hole 532 is a through hole that runs through the center of the limit plate 53 and allows the anchor to pass through. The diameter of the anchor hole 532 can be adapted to the outer diameter of anchors of different specifications. The guide hole 531 is a hole that slides with the guide post 24 to ensure that the limit plate 53 moves along a predetermined trajectory. The connecting support plate 54 is a plate-like structure provided on both sides of the limit plate 53 and connected to the limit cylinder 52, transmitting the cylinder's driving force. The side sliding groove 221 is a groove provided on the side connecting plate 22 to avoid the connecting support plate 54 from interfering with the movement of the connecting support plate 54 and the side connecting plate 22. The cross-shaped connecting slot 533 is a groove structure with a cross-shaped cross section, which is used to form a multi-directional constraint with the connecting plug plate 55. The bolt hole 534 is a threaded hole provided on the side end of the limit plate 53, which is used to secure the connecting socket 56. The connecting plug plate 55 is a plate-like component that is inserted into the cross-shaped connecting slot 533 to form a rigid connection. The U-shaped connection socket 56 is a U-shaped structure wrapped around the outside of the connection plug plate 55, which enhances the connection stability by clamping on both sides. The plug plate bolt 57 is a fastener that passes through the U-shaped connection socket 56 and screws into the bolt hole 534 to provide axial compression.

[0094] Specifically, the limiting seat plate 53 achieves vertical movement through the sliding fit between the guide hole 531 and the guide column 24. The connecting support plate 54 is connected to the piston rod of the limiting oil cylinder 52, driving the limiting seat plate 53 to rise and fall. The cross-shaped connecting slot 533 cooperates with the connecting plug plate 55 to limit lateral displacement through the four-sided contact surface. The U-shaped connecting socket 56 covers the outside of the connecting plug plate 55 and is tightened by the plug plate bolt 57 to form a bidirectional mechanical lock. During the pulling process, when the anchor rod passes through the anchor rod hole 532, the limiting seat plate 53 resists lateral torque through the torsion-resistant structure of the cross-shaped connecting slot 533 and the connecting plug plate 55, preventing the connection from loosening. The provision of the cross-shaped connecting slot 533 can be used to insert a longer anchor rod into the limiting seat plate 53 from the side. That is, the already formed anchor rod and anchoring material can be placed in the device through the cross-shaped connecting slot 533 for pulling test. At this time, the barrel assembly 4 can be disassembled, improving the applicability of the device.

[0095] Compared with the existing technology, the limit assembly 5 in the existing technology usually adopts a single bolt fixing or flat plug-in method, which is prone to loose connection under alternating loads, resulting in deviations in experimental data. This solution uses the nested structure of the cross slot and U-shaped socket, combined with bolt fastening to form a multi-directional constraint, significantly improving the stability of the connection. Compared with the traditional flat plug-in structure, the four contact surfaces of the cross groove can disperse lateral stress and prevent local deformation; the double-sided wrapping design of the U-shaped socket further suppresses the attenuation of the bolt preload caused by vibration.

[0096] Through the above technical solution, the present application can effectively suppress the structural loosening of the limit assembly 5 during the drawing process, ensure the reliable fixation of the limit seat plate 53 and the connecting parts, and avoid inaccurate experimental data due to connection failure. The matching mechanism of the cross-shaped connecting slot 533 and the U-shaped socket can achieve rapid disassembly and assembly, while resisting high-frequency alternating loads through multi-directional constraints to ensure the stability of the experimental process. The synergistic effect of the anchor hole 532 and the guide hole 531 further limits the movement trajectory of the limit seat plate 53, eliminates deflection errors, and improves measurement accuracy.

[0097] The present application further proposes that the material pulling assembly 6 includes a stretching base 61, an anchor rod clamping mechanism 64, a side pressure mechanism 65 and a linkage clamping mechanism 66. A stretching bracket 62 connected to the output end of the stretching main oil cylinder 7 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the stretching base 61, and a stretching through hole 63 for the anchor rod to pass through is fixedly provided at the center of the stretching base 61. The anchor rod clamping mechanism 64 is fixedly provided at the center position of the upper end of the stretching base 61. The side pressure mechanism 65 squeezes the anchor rod clamping mechanism 64 from both sides to clamp the anchor rod. The linkage clamping mechanism 66 continuously applies clamping pressure to the anchor rod clamping mechanism 64 as the material pulling assembly 6 is pulled and lifted.

[0098] Among them, the stretching base 61 refers to the basic component that supports the anchor rod clamping mechanism 64, and its central through hole provides a vertical channel for the anchor rod to ensure the axial transmission of force during the pulling process. The anchor rod clamping mechanism 64 refers to the executive component that directly clamps the end of the anchor rod, and its central positioning design eliminates the influence of eccentric load on the test accuracy. The side pressure mechanism 65 refers to the driving component that generates the initial clamping force by applying pressure on both sides. The bidirectional screw 653 can be used in conjunction with the motor to achieve precise control of the symmetrical clamping force. The linkage clamping mechanism 66 refers to a force-enhancing device that is mechanically linked to the main structure. Through the interaction between the wedge block and the fixed inclined surface, the vertical displacement is converted into a horizontal clamping force increment.

[0099] Specifically, when the main tensioning cylinder 7 begins to lift, it drives the entire tensioning base 61 upward. At this point, the lateral pressure mechanism 65 pre-applies a basic clamping force to the anchor clamping mechanism 64. As the pulling displacement increases, the wedge block of the linkage clamping mechanism 66 slides relative to the inclined surface of the main body top plate 23. This movement forces the linkage slide 662 toward the clamping mechanism, converting the displacement into an increase in clamping pressure through the connecting rod mechanism. The dynamic increase in clamping force synchronizes with the increase in pulling force. When the anchor shows signs of slippage, the mechanical feedback of the linkage clamping mechanism 66 immediately increases the clamping force, forming an adaptive clamping force adjustment mechanism.

[0100] Compared to existing technologies, traditional clamping devices rely on the static preload of the threaded pair, making them susceptible to bolt slippage when the pullout force exceeds the designed threshold. This solution utilizes a mechanical linkage structure to directly convert the pullout displacement into an incremental clamping force, creating a positive correlation between the clamping and pullout forces. This automatically enhances the clamping force without increasing external energy consumption. In particular, the design of the linkage clamping mechanism 66, coordinated with the inclined surface of the main structure, efficiently converts vertical movement into horizontal clamping force, resolving the inherent drawback of conventional devices, which lack adjustable clamping force.

[0101] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application achieves automatic enhancement of clamping force during anchor pullout testing, effectively preventing anchor slippage under high pullout force conditions. The synergistic effect of the linked clamping mechanism 66 and the lateral pressure mechanism 65 not only ensures the reliability of the initial clamping, but also achieves dynamic adjustment of the clamping force through mechanical linkage, avoiding manual intervention while improving the safety of the test process. This design significantly improves the accuracy of test data and ensures the smooth completion of anchor pullout experiments.

[0102] The present application further proposes an anchor clamping mechanism 64 in an anchor clamping and pulling experimental device, which includes a clamping box 641 with a rectangular cylindrical structure fixedly arranged on the upper end of the stretching base 61, and side pressure through holes 642 and linkage through holes 643 are provided on both side walls of the clamping box 641. Two sets of connecting main shafts 644 are fixedly installed on the upper inner part of the clamping box 641, and the clamping swivel 645 is rotatably installed on the connecting main shaft 644 and fixed on the connecting support shaft 646. The clamping block 647 is rotatably installed on the connecting support shaft 646 and is provided with an anchor groove 649 on the inner side. The lower part of the clamping block 647 is connected to the lower part of the clamping swivel 645 through a connecting spring 648.

[0103] The rectangular cylindrical structure of the clamping box 641 is a rigid frame formed by welding metal plates, which provides stable force support for the clamping action. The side pressure through hole 642 and the linkage through hole 643 allow the side pressure rod 656 and the linkage pressure rod 671 to pass through the side wall of the clamping box 641, realizing the transmission of force applied by external mechanisms to the clamping block 647.

[0104] The connecting spindle 644 is symmetrically located at the inner upper end of the clamping box 641, forming the pivot point for the clamping swivel 645. The clamping swivel 645 is an L-shaped metal block with a pivot hole. The pivot hole and the connecting spindle 644 are loosely aligned, allowing the clamping swivel 645 to rotate about the spindle axis. The connecting support shaft 646 is a short shaft extending perpendicular to the plane of the clamping swivel 645, used to mount the clamping block 647 to form a lever structure.

[0105] The anchor groove 649 of the clamping block 647 is a V-shaped or arc-shaped groove structure. The groove surface can be processed with anti-slip grooves to increase the friction coefficient with the anchor surface. The connecting spring 648 is a tension spring that forms an elastic connection between the lower portion of the clamping block 647 and the clamping swivel 645. When the clamping block 647 is rotated by an external force, it generates a reverse restoring force.

[0106] Specifically, when the anchor rod is inserted into the clamping box 641, the side pressure mechanism 65 pushes the clamping swivel 645 to rotate around the connecting main shaft 644 through the side pressure rod 656, driving the clamping block 647 to retract toward the center. At this time, the anchor rod groove 649 of the clamping block 647 contacts the surface of the anchor rod to form an initial clamping force. As the main stretching oil cylinder 7 starts to lift the pulling assembly 6, the anchor rod is subjected to the pulling force to produce an upward displacement trend, which causes the clamping block 647 to rotate outward under the reverse force of the anchor rod. The connecting spring 648 is stretched in this process, generating a restoring force opposite to the direction of rotation. This restoring force is converted into a clamping torque on the clamping block 647 through the clamping swivel 645, so that the clamping force is dynamically enhanced as the pulling force increases. The linkage mechanism continuously applies auxiliary pressure through the linkage pressure rod 671 during the pulling stroke to ensure that the clamping block 647 remains in a closed state.

[0107] Compared to existing technologies, traditional clamping mechanisms generate a fixed clamping force through threaded tightening, which cannot be adjusted adaptively during the pulling process. This can easily lead to clamping failure when the anchor rod slips slightly. However, this solution, through the coordination of the clamping swivel 645 and the connecting spring 648, transforms the sliding tendency of the anchor rod into a mechanism that enhances the clamping torque, forming a negative feedback regulation system. The slightest displacement of the clamping block 647 under the action of the anchor rod triggers a change in the spring force, achieving a positive correlation between the clamping force and the pulling force, fundamentally eliminating the risk of slippage.

[0108] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application effectively solves the problem of anchor rod slippage caused by fixed clamping force, and achieves dynamic adaptive adjustment of the clamping force during the pullout test. When the pullout force increases, the clamping block 647 automatically generates a greater pressing force, keeping the anchor rod in a stable clamping state. This avoids test interruptions or data distortion caused by insufficient clamping force, ensuring the continuity of the experimental process and the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0109] The present application further proposes that the side pressure mechanism 65 includes a side pressure bracket 651 fixedly set on the stretching base 61, and the side pressure bracket 651 has a U-shaped structure. A bidirectional screw 653 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the side pressure bracket 651, and the two ends of the bidirectional screw 653 are screws with opposite thread directions; the side pressure motor 652 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side pressure bracket 651 and is used to drive the bidirectional screw 653 to rotate; the screw slider 654 is threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw 653 and slidably connected to the side wall of the side pressure bracket 651; the side pressure connecting plate 655 is fixedly connected to the screw slider 654, and a side pressure rod 656 that slides through the side pressure through hole 642 is fixedly set on the side of the side pressure connecting plate 655 close to the anchor clamping mechanism 64.

[0110] Among them, the bidirectional screw 653 refers to a transmission component with two sections of thread structure with opposite rotation directions. Its positive and negative thread design enables the screw sliders 654 on both sides to move in opposite directions synchronously to achieve symmetrical force application. Among them, the side pressure rod 656 refers to a pressure transmission component rigidly connected to the side pressure connecting plate 655. After sliding through the side pressure through hole 642, it directly acts on the clamping swivel 645 in the clamping box 641 to convert linear motion into rotational clamping action. Among them, the screw slider 654 refers to a sliding component with an internal thread. Its threaded engagement relationship with the bidirectional screw 653 converts rotational motion into linear displacement and maintains displacement accuracy. Among them, the U-shaped side pressure bracket 651 refers to a mounting base with a double-sided support structure. Its U-shaped opening structure provides rotation space for the bidirectional screw 653 and constrains the sliding direction of the screw slider 654.

[0111] Specifically, during the process of clamping the anchor rod, the side pressure motor 652 drives the bidirectional screw 653 to rotate, and drives the screw sliders 654 on both sides to slide toward each other along the side walls of the side pressure bracket 651 through the forward and reverse threads. When the side pressure connecting plate 655 moves with the screw slider 654, it pushes the side pressure rod 656 through the side pressure through hole 642 on the side wall of the clamping box 641, presses the connecting support shaft 646 on the clamping swivel 645, and forces the clamping block 647 to rotate around the connecting main shaft 644. At this time, the anchor rod grooves 649 of the clamping blocks 647 on both sides shrink toward the center at the same time, forming a symmetrical clamping force. When the anchor rod is subjected to a pulling force, the side pressure motor 652 can adjust the screw rotation angle in real time, and enhance the clamping force of the clamping block 647 on the anchor rod by increasing the displacement of the side pressure rod 656, thereby offsetting the sliding tendency of the anchor rod.

[0112] Compared to existing technologies, the existing clamping mechanism uses a threaded sleeve to push the guide rod in one direction to achieve clamping, and its clamping force cannot be dynamically adjusted after the initial setting. However, this solution combines a bidirectional screw 653 with a side pressure motor 652 to actively adjust the clamping force according to the anchor bolt's stress state during the pulling process. The bidirectional thread structure ensures that the clamping blocks 647 on both sides apply force synchronously, preventing the anchor bolt from deflecting and falling due to unilateral pressure.

[0113] Through the above technical solution, the present application can dynamically enhance the clamping force during the pulling process. When the anchor rod tends to slide due to the increase in pulling force, the side pressure mechanism 65 increases the clamping force of the clamping block 647 in real time, effectively preventing the anchor rod from escaping from the clamping box 641, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the pulling test data and the safety of the test process.

[0114] The present application further proposes a linkage clamping mechanism 66, including a linkage fixing frame 661 fixedly set on the stretching base 61, a linkage slide rod 662 slidingly connected to the linkage fixing frame 661, a linkage clamping assembly fixedly connected to the side of the linkage slide rod 662 close to the stretching base 61, and a linkage wedge block 664 fixedly connected to the other side of the linkage slide rod 662; a return spring 663 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the linkage slide rod 662, one end of the return spring 663 is fixedly connected to the linkage fixing frame 661, and the other end is fixedly connected to the linkage wedge block 664 for rebound reset of the linkage wedge block 664; a linkage rear seat 25 is fixedly set at the lower end of the main body top plate 23, and a wedge groove 26 matching the linkage wedge block 664 is provided on the linkage rear seat 25.

[0115] The linkage wedge block 664 is a transmission component with an inclined contact surface, which forms a sliding contact with the wedge groove 26 on the linkage rear seat 25. This design can convert vertical displacement into horizontal thrust, thereby driving the linkage slide rod 662 to move.

[0116] The reset spring 663 refers to an elastic element that provides a reverse force. The spring stores elastic potential energy when the linkage slide bar 662 moves, and pushes the linkage slide bar 662 to reset after the pulling force disappears.

[0117] The linkage rear seat 25 is a positioning component fixed below the main body top plate 23. It has a wedge-shaped groove 26 with an angle that matches the linkage wedge block 664. This component, in conjunction with the linkage wedge block 664, forms a displacement trigger mechanism that activates the clamping force enhancement function when the pull height reaches a predetermined position.

[0118] Specifically, during the pulling experiment, when the main stretching cylinder 7 drives the pulling assembly 6 to move upward, the linkage wedge block 664 gradually contacts the wedge groove 26 of the linkage rear seat 25. Due to the inclined surface of the wedge groove 26, the vertical displacement is converted into horizontal movement of the linkage slide 662. The horizontal displacement of the linkage slide 662 is transmitted to the anchor clamping mechanism 64 through the linkage clamping assembly, wherein the translation of the active slide 665 drives the driving sleeve 666 to move, and the lever mechanism composed of support rod 1 667 and support rod 2 668 amplifies the horizontal thrust and transmits it to the linkage pressure rod 671. The linkage pressure rod 671 applies rotational pressure to the clamping swivel 645, causing the clamping block 647 to rotate around the connecting main shaft 644, thereby continuously increasing the clamping force on the anchor rod. The reset spring 663 is compressed and stores energy during this process. When the pulling is completed, the spring releases energy to push the linkage wedge block 664 to reset.

[0119] Compared to existing technologies, traditional clamping mechanisms rely on the fixed clamping force generated by the rotation of a threaded sleeve, which is unable to address the potential slippage of the anchor during the pulling process. This solution uses a mechanical linkage structure to convert the pulling displacement into a clamping force increment in real time, forming an adaptive clamping force adjustment mechanism. As the pulling force increases, the clamping force increases simultaneously, effectively preventing anchor slippage.

[0120] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves a function in which the anchor rod clamping force automatically increases with the pullout force, resolving the problem of anchor rod slippage caused by the fixed clamping force in traditional devices. The clamping mechanism maintains effective restraint throughout the pullout process, ensuring the accuracy of experimental data. The mechanical force transmission method of the linkage mechanism avoids the complexity of the electrical control system and improves the reliability of the device.

[0121] The present application further proposes a linkage clamping assembly comprising an active slide 665, a driving sleeve 666, a driven slide 669, a support rod 1 667, a support rod 2 668, a linkage slide 670, and a linkage pressure rod 671. The active slide 665 is fixedly connected to the linkage slide 662, and two sets of driving sleeves 666 are slidingly provided on the active slide 665; the two sets of driven slides 669 slide symmetrically through the linkage fixed frame 661, the lower portion of the driven slide 669 is rotatably connected to the support rod 1 667, which is rotatably connected to the lower portion of one side of the driving sleeve 666, and the upper portion of the other side of the driving sleeve 666 is rotatably connected to the support rod 2 668, which is rotatably connected to the linkage fixed frame 661; the linkage slide 670 is fixedly connected to the driven slide 669, and a linkage pressure rod 671 is provided on the linkage slide 670, which slides through the linkage through hole 643.

[0122] The active slide 665 is a transverse rod rigidly connected to the linkage slide 662, used to transmit the horizontal displacement of the linkage slide 662 to the drive sleeve 666. The drive sleeve 666 is a slidable component mounted on the active slide 665. Its sliding freedom allows the support rod 1 667 and the support rod 2 668 to form a lever structure with adjustable angles. The support rod 1 667 and the support rod 2 668 are connecting rods that form a double hinge joint. By changing the angle between the two rods, a lever arm amplification effect is generated. The linkage pressure rod 671 is a rigid rod that extends through the side wall of the clamping box 641 and directly acts on the clamping swivel 645 to increase the clamping pressure.

[0123] Specifically, when the drawing assembly 6 moves upward during the drawing process, the linkage wedge block 664 contacts the wedge groove 26 below the main body top plate 23, generating a horizontal force. This force pushes the linkage slide 662 to move toward the clamping mechanism, driving the active slide 665 to move synchronously. The two sets of driving sleeves 666 on the active slide 665 slide axially respectively, driving support rod 1 667 and support rod 2 668 to rotate. Since one end of support rod 2 668 is fixed to the linkage fixing frame 661, its rotation forces the driven slide 669 to produce a vertical displacement, driving the linkage slide 670 and the linkage pressure rod 671 to press down. After the linkage pressure rod 671 passes through the side wall of the clamping box 641, it continuously applies pressure to the clamping swivel 645, forcing the clamping block 647 to rotate around the connecting main shaft 644, thereby enhancing the clamping force of the anchor rod groove 649 on the anchor rod. As the drawing height increases, the angle between the second support rod 668 and the first support rod 667 gradually decreases, forming a geometric amplification effect, so that the pressure of the linkage pressure rod 671 and the drawing force increase in a positive correlation.

[0124] Compared to existing technologies, traditional anchor bolt clamping mechanisms rely on the rotation of a threaded sleeve to generate a fixed clamping force, and are unable to adaptively increase clamping pressure as the pullout force increases. This solution utilizes a linkage wedge block 664 that cooperates with the slope of the wedge groove 26 to convert vertical pullout displacement into horizontal thrust. The dual-strut articulated structure then converts this horizontal thrust into vertical pressure, creating a closed-loop control system in which the clamping force dynamically adjusts to the pullout force.

[0125] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of anchor bolts slipping and falling off due to insufficient clamping force during the pulling process. By converting the pulling displacement into clamping pressure, the clamping force is adaptively enhanced as the pulling force increases, ensuring that the anchor bolt remains stably clamped throughout the pulling test, avoiding test interruptions or data distortion caused by clamping failure, and improving the test accuracy and reliability of the anchor bolt pulling test.

[0126] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. However, the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor rod pulling test device, characterized in that: include: A main body frame (2), the main body frame (2) comprising a main body base (21), a side connecting plate (22) fixedly arranged on the main body base (21), and a main body top plate (23), wherein the main body base (21) and the main body top plate (23) are fixedly connected via a plurality of guide columns (24); A barrel assembly (4) detachably mounted on the upper end of the main body base (21); A barrel clamping mechanism (3) mounted on the main body base (21) for fixing the limiting barrel assembly (4); A limit assembly (5), comprising a fixed seat plate (51) fixedly mounted on the side connecting plate (22) and a limit seat plate (53) slidably connected to the guide column (24), wherein a limit oil cylinder (52) for controlling the lifting and lowering movement of the limit seat plate (53) is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat plate (51); The center of the position-limiting seat plate (53) is provided with an anchor hole (532) for the anchor rod to pass through, the position-limiting seat plate (53) is provided with a guide hole (531) that is slidably matched with the guide column (24), both sides of the position-limiting seat plate (53) are provided with connecting support plates (54) connected to the position-limiting oil cylinder (52), and the side connecting plate (22) is provided with a side sliding groove (221) for avoiding the connecting support plate (54); A connecting slot (533) with a cross-shaped cross section is provided at a side end of the position limiting seat plate (53), and a bolt hole (534) is provided at the side end of the position limiting seat plate (53) provided with the connecting slot (533); A connecting plug plate (55) is plugged into the connecting slot (533), a U-shaped connecting socket (56) is fixedly connected to the connecting plug plate (55), and the connecting socket (56) is threadedly fixed to the bolt hole (534) via a plug plate bolt (57); A material pulling assembly (6) is slidably arranged on a guide column (24); the material pulling assembly (6) comprises: A stretching base (61), wherein a stretching bracket (62) for connecting to an output end of a stretching main oil cylinder (7) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the stretching base (61), and a stretching through hole (63) for an anchor rod to pass through is fixedly provided at the center of the stretching base (61); An anchor rod clamping mechanism (64), which is fixedly arranged at the center position of the upper end of the stretching base (61) and is used to clamp the end of the anchor rod; A side pressure mechanism (65) which squeezes the anchor rod clamping mechanism (64) on both sides, thereby causing the anchor rod clamping mechanism (64) to clamp the anchor rod; A linked clamping mechanism (66) continuously applies clamping pressure to the anchor rod clamping mechanism (64) as the pulling assembly (6) is pulled and lifted; The linkage clamping mechanism (66) comprises: A linkage fixing frame (661) is fixedly arranged on the stretching base (61), a linkage slide rod (662) is slidably connected to the linkage fixing frame (661), a linkage clamping assembly is fixedly connected to one side of the linkage slide rod (662) close to the stretching base (61), and a linkage wedge block (664) is fixedly connected to the other side of the linkage slide rod (662); A return spring (663) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the linkage slide rod (662), one end of the return spring (663) is fixedly connected to the linkage fixing frame (661), and the other end is fixedly connected to the linkage wedge block (664) for rebound reset of the linkage wedge block (664); A linkage rear seat (25) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the main body top plate (23), and a wedge-shaped groove (26) is provided on the linkage rear seat (25) to cooperate with the linkage wedge block (664); A main stretching oil cylinder (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the main body top plate (23) and is used to drive the pulling assembly (6) to move up and down; A displacement sensor (8) fixedly mounted on the main body top plate (23) for detecting the pulling displacement; A pressure sensor (9) is fixedly mounted on the main body top plate (23) and is used to detect the drawing pressure.

2. The anchor rod pulling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrel clamping mechanism (3) comprises: A plurality of clamping slides (38) are slidably arranged on the upper end of the main body base (21), a slide retaining groove (39) is provided at the lower end of the clamping slide (38), a connecting groove (211) is provided on the main body base (21), a connecting rod (37) is fixedly connected to the clamping slide (38), and the connecting rod (37) passes through the connecting groove (211) and is fixedly connected to a sliding rack (35); A motor bracket (31) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the main body base (21), a clamping motor (32) is fixedly mounted on the motor bracket (31), a driving shaft (33) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the clamping motor (32), two sets of driving gears (34) are fixedly mounted on the driving shaft (33), and the two sets of driving gears (34) are respectively meshed and transmission-connected with a plurality of sets of sliding racks (35); A rack guide frame (36) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main body base (21), and the rack guide frame (36) is used to limit and guide the sliding of the sliding rack (35).

3. The anchor rod pulling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrel assembly (4) comprises: A material storage inner barrel (41) is used to hold anchoring materials to fix the anchor rod into shape. During the shaping process, a layer of plastic film is laid inside the material storage inner barrel (41). The plastic film prevents the anchoring materials from adhering to the inside of the material storage inner barrel (41). An inner barrel outer edge (42) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the material storage inner barrel (41); The supporting outer barrel (43) is sleeved on the outside of the material storage inner barrel (41) and is used to support the material storage inner barrel (41), and the inner periphery of the supporting outer barrel (43) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the material storage inner barrel (41) via a plurality of side springs (44); a plurality of limiting plugs (49) are fixedly provided on the lower portion of the outer periphery of the supporting outer barrel (43).

4. An anchor rod pulling test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inner barrel baffle (46) is fixedly provided on the lower portion of the outer periphery of the storage inner barrel (41), and the diameter of the inner barrel baffle (46) is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting outer barrel (43); The inner wall of the supporting outer barrel (43) is provided with an outer barrel baffle (45), the inner diameter of the outer barrel baffle (45) being larger than the outer diameter of the storage inner barrel (41) and smaller than the outer diameter of the inner barrel baffle (46); the bottom of the storage inner barrel (41) is connected to the bottom of the supporting outer barrel (43) via a plurality of support springs (47); The bottom of the material storage inner barrel (41) is equipped with multiple groups of vibrators (48) for providing vibration for anchoring material molding.

5. The anchor rod pulling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod clamping mechanism (64) comprises: A clamping box (641) having a rectangular cylindrical structure fixedly disposed on the upper end of the stretching base (61), wherein both side walls of the clamping box (641) are provided with side pressure through holes (642) and linkage through holes (643); A connecting spindle (644) is provided in two groups and is fixedly mounted on the inner upper portion of the clamping box (641); A clamping swivel seat (645) is rotatably mounted on the connecting main shaft (644) and has a connecting support shaft (646) fixedly disposed thereon; The clamping block (647) is rotatably mounted on the connecting support shaft (646). An anchor rod groove (649) for clamping the anchor rod is provided on the inner side of the clamping block (647). The lower part of the clamping block (647) is connected to the lower part of the clamping swivel (645) via a connecting spring (648).

6. The anchor rod pulling test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side pressure mechanism (65) comprises: A side pressure bracket (651) is fixedly mounted on the stretching base (61), wherein the side pressure bracket (651) is in a U-shaped structure, and a bidirectional screw (653) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the side pressure bracket (651), wherein both ends of the bidirectional screw (653) are screws with opposite thread directions; A side pressure motor (652) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the side pressure bracket (651) and is used to drive the bidirectional screw (653) to rotate; A screw slider (654) is threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw (653) and slidably connected to the side wall of the side pressure bracket (651); A side pressure connecting plate (655) is fixedly connected to the screw slider (654), and a side pressure rod (656) is fixedly provided on one side of the side pressure connecting plate (655) close to the anchor rod clamping mechanism (64) and slides through the side pressure through hole (642).

7. The anchor rod pulling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage clamping assembly comprises: An active sliding rod (665) is fixedly connected to the linkage sliding rod (662), and two sets of driving sliding sleeves (666) are slidably provided on the active sliding rod (665); The driven slide (669) is provided with two sets of symmetrical sliding members connected to the linkage fixing frame (661). The lower portion of the driven slide (669) is rotatably connected to a support rod (667). The support rod (667) is rotatably connected to the lower portion of one side of the driving sleeve (666). The upper portion of the other side of the driving sleeve (666) is rotatably connected to a support rod (668). The support rod (668) is rotatably connected to the linkage fixing frame (661). The linkage slide plate (670) is fixedly connected to the driven slide bar (669). A linkage pressure rod (671) is fixedly provided on the linkage slide plate (670) and slides through the linkage through hole (643). The linkage pressure rod (671) is used to press the clamping swivel seat (645) to clamp the anchor rod.

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