Novel precise high-efficiency transmission durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure and manufacturing process of novel precise high-efficiency transmission durable power optical cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical cable manufacturing, and discloses a novel precise high-efficiency transmission durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure and a manufacturing process thereof, and the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: introducing silicon chloride, germanium and boron into a quartz glass tube, introducing oxygen and helium, carrying out high-temperature sintering to obtain an optical fiber preform, and drawing the optical fiber preform into a wire to obtain a cable core; coating the inner-layer composite material on the surface of the cable core, curing, taking out, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the cable core coated with the protective inner layer; and placing the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer layer foaming composite material, foaming, curing, taking out and drying to obtain the cable core coated with the protective outer layer, namely the durable power optical cable. And the inner protective layer and the outer protective layer are formed on the surface of the cable core, so that the cable has excellent freezing resistance, weather resistance and mechanical strength, and the optical fiber has high transmission performance at-70 DEG C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical cable manufacturing, and particularly to a novel precise, efficient, transmission-durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure and its manufacturing process. Background Art

[0002] Power optical cables include all-dielectric self-supporting optical cables (ADSS optical cables), optical fiber composite overhead ground wire optical cables (OPGW optical cables), etc. They have optical properties, mechanical properties, and environmental adaptability, and provide data transmission for power communication networks. Among them, the optical cable is composed of a cable core and an outer material of the optical cable. The cable core is an optical fiber (such as glass fiber), and the outer material of the optical cable includes a plastic protective sleeve, a waterproof layer, a buffer layer, an insulated metal wire, etc.

[0003] By coating a polyurethane foam coating on the outer layer of the cable core and then compounding materials such as ethylene glycol, silicon powder, and whisker silicon, the formed optical cable has high toughness, cold resistance, and mechanical strength. However, the polyurethane foam coating has poor aging resistance. When exposed to ultraviolet light for a long time, it is easy to turn yellow and become brittle. Moreover, the optical fiber cable core contains a large amount of residual hydroxide ions that interfere with light energy, resulting in Rayleigh scattering and affecting the transmission performance of the power optical cable. In addition, the power optical cable also has poor low-temperature cycle stability, and the optical fiber attenuation will increase significantly, affecting the transmission quality and distance of the signal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a novel precise, efficient, transmission-durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure and its manufacturing process, which solves the problems that the power optical cable has poor low-temperature cycle stability, mechanical properties, and aging resistance, affecting the transmission performance of the power optical cable.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A manufacturing process of a novel precise, efficient, transmission-durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass in oxygen and helium. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core;

[0008] S2. Coat the inner layer composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure it at 80 - 90 °C for 1 - 2 h, take it out, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer;

[0009] S3. Place the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer layer foaming composite material, foam and cure it at 70 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h, take it out, and dry it to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a transmission-durable power optical cable;

[0010] The inner-layer composite material is obtained by mixing and reacting porous carbon, tetraethyl orthosilicate and germanium chloride, and then mixing and reacting with methyltrimethoxysilane;

[0011] The outer-layer foamed composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 30-40 parts of ethylene glycol, 4-5 parts of composite silicon powder, 5-6 parts of whisker silicon, 1-3 parts of crosslinking agent, 2-4 parts of foaming agent, 3-5 parts of light stabilizer, 1-2 parts of UV absorber, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, and 80-100 parts of deionized water;

[0012] The composite silicon powder is obtained by reacting silicon powder coated with shellac with melamine and formaldehyde, and then coating a pretreated sheet material.

[0013] Further, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1200-1300 °C, and the high-temperature sintering time is 2-6 h; the wire drawing temperature is 1900-2100 °C; the core diameter is 20-50 μm;

[0014] Further, in step S2, the thickness of the protective inner layer is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0015] Further, in step S3, the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.1-0.2 mm.

[0016] Further, the inner-layer composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0017] A1. Add tetraethyl orthosilicate to deionized water and ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 1-2, add germanium chloride and porous carbon, stir at 300-400 r / min for 1-2 h, stand for aging, dry, heat-treat at 900-1200 °C for 4-5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0018] A2. Add methyltrimethoxysilane to deionized water and ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 2-3, add porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir at 400-500 r / min for 30-40 min to obtain the inner-layer composite material.

[0019] Further, in the above A1 reaction process, the hydrolysis products of tetraethyl orthosilicate and germanium chloride can be combined through silicon-oxygen-germanium bonds to form a sol structure, and the porous carbon has excellent adsorption performance, so that the sol can penetrate into the pores of the porous carbon. After heat treatment, germanium dioxide-silicon dioxide nanomaterials with a network structure can be formed in the porous carbon to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials.

[0020] Further, in the above A2 reaction process, methyltrimethoxysilane undergoes hydrolysis and polycondensation to form an organic-inorganic hybrid network, and the silanol groups generated by hydrolysis can be chemically bonded to the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, so that the porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials is uniformly dispersed in the organic-inorganic hybrid network and serves as the inner layer composite material.

[0021] Further, in step A1, the dosage ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, deionized water, ethanol, germanium chloride and porous carbon is (5.1 - 5.5) g : (35 - 45) mL : (90 - 110) mL : (2.5 - 2.9) g : (12 - 15) g.

[0022] Further, in step A2, the dosage ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane, deionized water, ethanol and porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials is (18 - 22) g : (35 - 45) mL : (75 - 85) mL : (10 - 11) g.

[0023] Further, the composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0024] B1. Add shellac to ethanol, stir evenly, add silicon powder, stir at 400 - 500 r / min for 5 - 10 min, heat up to 65 - 75 °C, continue to stir for 30 - 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid, and dry it to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0025] B2. Mix melamine, formaldehyde and deionized water, stir at 100 - 200 r / min for 13 - 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 8 - 10, add the shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 65 - 75 °C for 25 - 35 min, filter, wash, and dry to obtain modified silicon powder;

[0026] B3. Add the pretreated lamellar material and the modified silicon powder to ethanol, stir evenly, let it stand, then filter, wash, and dry to obtain the composite silicon powder.

[0027] Further, in the above B1 reaction process, shellac is dissolved in the organic solvent ethanol and has excellent film-forming properties, and the oxygen-containing functional groups of shellac are chemically bonded to the silicon powder, so that shellac is grafted onto the surface of the silicon powder to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder.

[0028] Further, in the above B2 reaction process, triethanolamine provides an alkaline environment, enabling the amino group of melamine to undergo a condensation reaction with formaldehyde to form a melamine formaldehyde prepolymer, and the oxygen-containing functional groups contained in the shellac-coated silicon powder can crosslink with the hydroxymethyl groups in the melamine formaldehyde prepolymer, and then a crosslinked polymer is formed on the surface of the silicon powder to obtain modified silicon powder.

[0029] Furthermore, during the above B3 reaction process, the surface of the pretreated lamellar material contains a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups and has excellent adhesion, which can adhere to the surface of the modified silica powder to obtain composite silica powder.

[0030] Furthermore, in step B1, the dosage ratio of shellac, ethanol, and silica powder is (2 - 3) g : (20 - 30) mL : (5.6 - 6) g.

[0031] Furthermore, in step B2, the dosage ratio of melamine, formaldehyde, deionized water, and silica powder coated with shellac is (4 - 6) g : (8 - 12) mL : (18 - 22) mL : (6.1 - 6.5) g.

[0032] Furthermore, in step B3, the dosage ratio of the pretreated lamellar material, modified silica powder, and ethanol is (1.5 - 1.7) g : (5.7 - 5.9) g : (80 - 100) mL.

[0033] Furthermore, the particle size of the silica powder is 4 - 5 μm.

[0034] Furthermore, the outer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0035] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silica powder, whisker silica, crosslinking agent, foaming agent, light stabilizer, UV absorber, antioxidant, and deionized water, and stir at 300 - 500 r / min for 40 - 50 min to obtain the outer foamed composite material.

[0036] Furthermore, the crosslinking agent is selected from any one of methyltris (ketoximino) silane, methyltriacetoxysilane, or vinyltributanone oxime silane.

[0037] Furthermore, the light stabilizer is selected from light stabilizer 770 or light stabilizer LQ - 622.

[0038] Furthermore, the UV absorber is selected from any one of UV - 1, UV - 196, and UV - NP3.

[0039] Furthermore, the antioxidant is selected from any one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 245, antioxidant 30N, sodium thiosulfate, and triphenyl phosphite.

[0040] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) In the technical solution of the present invention, a germanium dioxide-silicon dioxide nanomaterial with a network structure is formed in porous carbon. On the one hand, the formed germanium dioxide-silicon dioxide nanomaterial, as a hydrogen absorption material, can absorb the hydrogen element generated inside the fiber optic cable core, avoiding the interference of residual hydroxide ions inside the fiber optic cable core with light energy, resulting in Rayleigh scattering and affecting the transmission performance of the power optical cable. On the other hand, porous carbon has excellent adsorption performance and can also adsorb the hydrogen element generated inside the fiber optic cable core. Moreover, as a carrier of the germanium dioxide-silicon dioxide nanomaterial, it adsorbs and fixes the nanomaterial, preventing the small-sized nanomaterial from migrating and precipitating on the surface of the cable core.

[0042] (2) In the technical solution of the present invention, the porous carbon loaded with the nanomaterial is uniformly dispersed in the organic-inorganic hybrid network as the inner layer composite material; methyltrimethoxysilane undergoes hydrolysis and polycondensation to form an organic-inorganic hybrid network, which can be uniformly coated on the surface of the cable core to form a protective inner layer with high water resistance, blocking environmental moisture and reducing the penetration of hydrogen-containing impurity water molecules. Moreover, the porous carbon loaded with the nanomaterial is uniformly dispersed in the organic-inorganic hybrid network, increasing the crosslinking density and enhancing the mechanical strength.

[0043] (3) In the technical solution of the present invention, shellac is grafted on the surface of silicon powder, and then a silicon powder coating is formed on the surface of the pretreated cable core, which can lower the freezing point of the power optical cable, so that the power optical cable will not easily freeze in a low-temperature and humid environment and has excellent anti-freezing performance. Moreover, the fatty acid structure contained in shellac can improve the waterproof and moisture-proof performance of silicon powder, preventing silicon powder from being easily absorbed by water and agglomerating, which affects the anti-freezing performance; a cross-linked polymer is formed on the surface of silicon powder, which has good toughness and impermeability, further reducing the permeability of water molecules. Moreover, the cross-linked polymer has high toughness, enhancing the mechanical strength of the power optical cable; a laminated material is deposited on the surface of the modified silicon powder. On the one hand, depositing the laminated material on the surface of the modified silicon powder increases the surface roughness of silicon powder and the contact area between silicon powder and polyurethane and ethylene glycol, which is beneficial to forming a stable coating layer on the surface of the cable core. On the other hand, the laminated material can block the penetration of oxygen and water molecules and can inhibit the expansion of cracks, improving the aging resistance and mechanical strength of the power optical cable.

[0044] (4) In the technical solution of the present invention, by doping germanium, boron and rare earth elements in the optical fiber cable core, it can reduce the interference of residual hydroxide ions with light energy, resulting in Rayleigh scattering and affecting the transmission performance of the power optical cable; the outer layer foamed composite material is coated on the surface of the cable core as a protective outer layer, containing components such as polyurethane, ethylene glycol and silicon powder. The coating formed by polyurethane has high density and good heat preservation effect, ethylene glycol has persistent anti-freezing property, and silicon powder can lower the freezing point of the power optical cable and is not easy to freeze in a low-temperature and humid environment. The combination of the three effectively enhances the anti-freezing property, weather resistance and mechanical strength of the wrapping shell, ensuring that the optical fiber has high transmission performance at -70°C. Detailed implementation mode

[0045] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows, and all the reagents used are of analytical grade.

[0047] Among them, the outer diameter of the quartz glass tube is 20 mm; the particle size of the porous carbon is 5.5 μm, and the particle size of the silicon powder is 4.5 μm.

[0048] The water-based polyester resin model is WB-900, purchased from Huaka (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd.

[0049] The whisker silicon is silicon carbide whiskers, with a particle size of 75 nm and a specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g, purchased from Hubei Xinyuhong Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.; shellac is purchased from Wuhan Huaxiang Kejie Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0050] The cross-linking agent is methyltrione oxime-based silane, the light stabilizer is light stabilizer 770, the UV absorber is UV-1, and the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0051] The foaming agent is a mixture of isocyanate and water, and the mass ratio of isocyanate to water is 1:1.

[0052] The pre-treated lamellar material is pre-treated graphene oxide;

[0053] The pre-treated graphene oxide is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0054] Add 1.5 g of graphene oxide with a particle size of 50 nm to 100 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir at 25 °C and 2000 r / min for 20 min, add 0.5 g of dopamine, stir at 30 °C and 2000 r / min for 2 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain pre-treated graphene oxide.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure construction includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases with a flow rate of 3 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core.

[0058] S2. Coat the inner composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure it at 80 °C for 1 h, take it out, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer.

[0059] S3. Place the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer foamed composite material, foam and cure it at 70 °C for 1 h, take it out, and dry it in an 80 °C oven for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable.

[0060] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1200 °C, and the high-temperature sintering time is 2 h; the temperature for drawing into a wire is 1900 °C; the diameter of the cable core is 20 um.

[0061] In step S2, the thickness of the protective inner layer is 0.4 mm.

[0062] In step S3, the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.15 mm.

[0063] The outer foamed composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 30 parts of ethylene glycol, 4 parts of composite silicon powder, 5 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 1 part of methyltriketonoximosilane, 2 parts of foaming agent, 3 parts of light stabilizer 770, 1 part of UV-1, 0.5 part of antioxidant, and 80 parts of deionized water.

[0064] The outer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0065] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltriketonoximosilane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010, and deionized water, and stir at 300 r / min for 40 min to obtain the outer foamed composite material.

[0066] The inner composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0067] A1. Add 5.1 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 35 mL of deionized water and 90 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 1, add 2.5 g of germanium chloride and 12 g of porous carbon, stir at 300 r / min for 1 h, stand for aging for 24 h, dry in a 60 °C oven for 24 h, take it out, heat-treat it at 900 °C for 4 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials.

[0068] A2. Add 18 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 35 mL of deionized water and 90 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 10 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir and mix at 400 r / min for 30 min to obtain the inner composite material.

[0069] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0070] B1. Add 2 g of shellac to 20 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 5.6 g of silicon powder, stir at 400 r / min for 5 min, heat up to 65 °C, continue to stir for 30 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry it in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0071] B2. Mix 4 g of melamine, 8 mL of formaldehyde and 18 mL of deionized water, stir at 100 r / min for 13 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 8, add 6.1 g of shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 65 °C for 25 min, filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silicon powder;

[0072] B3. Add 1.5 g of pretreated lamellar material and 5.7 g of modified silicon powder to 80 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, let it stand for 1 h, then filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silicon powder.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases with a flow rate of 4 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core;

[0076] S2. Coat the inner composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure it at 85 °C for 1.5 h, take it out, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer;

[0077] S3. Place the cable core coated with a protective inner layer in the outer foamed composite material, foam and cure it at 75 °C for 1.5 h, take it out, and dry it in an oven at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable;

[0078] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1250 °C, and the high-temperature sintering time is 4 h; the wire drawing temperature is 2000 °C; the cable core diameter is 35 μm;

[0079] In step S2, the thickness of the inner protective layer is 0.4 mm;

[0080] In step S3, the thickness of the outer protective layer is 0.15 mm.

[0081] The outer foamed composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 55 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 35 parts of ethylene glycol, 4.5 parts of composite silicon powder, 5.5 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 2 parts of methyltrioneoxime silane, 3 parts of foaming agent, 4 parts of light stabilizer 770, 1.5 parts of UV-1, 0.8 part of antioxidant, and 90 parts of deionized water;

[0082] The outer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0083] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrioneoxime silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010 and deionized water, and stir at 350 r / min for 45 min to obtain the outer foamed composite material.

[0084] The inner composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0085] A1. Add 5.3 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 40 mL of deionized water and 100 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 1.5, add 2.7 g of germanium chloride and 13.5 g of porous carbon, stir at 350 r / min for 1.5 h, stand for aging for 24 h, dry in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h, take out, heat-treat at 1000 °C for 4.5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0086] A2. Add 20 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 40 mL of deionized water and 80 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2.5, add 10.5 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir and mix at 450 r / min for 35 min to obtain the inner composite material.

[0087] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0088] B1. Add 2.5 g of shellac to 25 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 5.8 g of silicon powder, stir at 450 r / min for 8 min, heat up to 70 °C, continue to stir for 35 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0089] B2. Mix 5 g of melamine, 10 mL of formaldehyde, and 20 mL of deionized water, stir at 150 r / min for 14 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 9, add 6.3 g of shellac-coated silica powder, stir and react at 70 °C for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silica powder;

[0090] B3. Add 1.6 g of pretreated lamellar material and 5.8 g of modified silica powder to 90 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, let stand for 1 h, then filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silica powder.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0093] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases at a flow rate of 5 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core;

[0094] S2. Coat the inner layer composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure at 90 °C for 2 h, take out and cool to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer;

[0095] S3. Place the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer layer foamed composite material, foam and cure at 80 °C for 2 h, take out and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable;

[0096] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1300 °C, the high-temperature sintering time is 6 h; the temperature for drawing into a wire is 2100 °C; the diameter of the cable core is 50 um;

[0097] In step S2, the thickness of the protective inner layer is 0.4 mm;

[0098] In step S3, the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.15 mm.

[0099] The outer layer foamed composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 parts of composite silica powder, 6 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 3 parts of methyltrioxime-based silane, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of light stabilizer 770, 2 parts of UV-1, 1 part of antioxidant, and 100 parts of deionized water;

[0100] The outer layer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0101] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrioxime-based silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010 and deionized water, and stir at 500 r / min for 50 min to obtain an outer-layer foamed composite material.

[0102] The inner-layer composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0103] A1. Add 5.5 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 45 mL of deionized water and 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 2.9 g of germanium chloride and 15 g of porous carbon, stir at 400 r / min for 2 h, stand for aging for 24 h, dry in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h, take out, heat-treat at 1200 °C for 5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0104] A2. Add 22 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 45 mL of deionized water and 85 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 3, add 11 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir and mix at 500 r / min for 40 min to obtain an inner-layer composite material.

[0105] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0106] B1. Add 3 g of shellac to 30 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 6 g of silicon powder, stir at 500 r / min for 10 min, raise the temperature to 75 °C, continue to stir for 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0107] B2. Mix 6 g of melamine, 12 mL of formaldehyde and 22 mL of deionized water, stir at 200 r / min for 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 10, add 6.5 g of shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 75 °C for 35 min, filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silicon powder;

[0108] B3. Add 1.7 g of pretreated laminate material and 5.9 g of modified silicon powder to 100 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, stand for 1 h, then filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silicon powder.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, transmission and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0111] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases with a flow rate of 5 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core.

[0112] S2. Coat the inner composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure it at 90 °C for 2 h, take it out, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer.

[0113] S3. Place the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer foamed composite material, foam and cure it at 80 °C for 2 h, take it out, and dry it in an 80 °C oven for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable.

[0114] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1300 °C, and the high-temperature sintering time is 6 h; the temperature for drawing into a wire is 2100 °C; the diameter of the cable core is 50 μm.

[0115] In step S2, the thickness of the protective inner layer is 0.4 mm.

[0116] In step S3, the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.15 mm.

[0117] The outer foamed composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 parts of composite silicon powder, 6 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 3 parts of methyltrioxime-based silane, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of light stabilizer 770, 2 parts of UV-1, 1 part of antioxidant, and 100 parts of deionized water.

[0118] The outer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0119] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrioxime-based silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010, and deionized water, and stir at 500 r / min for 50 min to obtain the outer foamed composite material.

[0120] The inner composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0121] A1. Add 5.5 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 45 mL of deionized water and 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 2.9 g of germanium chloride, stir at 400 r / min for 2 h, stand for aging for 24 h, dry in a 60 °C oven for 24 h, take it out, heat-treat it at 1200 °C for 5 h, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a nanomaterial.

[0122] A2. Add 22 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 45 mL of deionized water and 85 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, adjust the pH to 3 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, add 11 g of nanomaterials, and stir and mix at 500 r / min for 40 min to obtain the inner composite material.

[0123] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0124] B1. Add 3 g of shellac to 30 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 6 g of silicon powder, stir at 500 r / min for 10 min, heat up to 75 °C, continue to stir for 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry it in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0125] B2. Mix 6 g of melamine, 12 mL of formaldehyde and 22 mL of deionized water, stir at 200 r / min for 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 10, add 6.5 g of shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 75 °C for 35 min, filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry it in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silicon powder;

[0126] B3. Add 1.7 g of pretreated lamellar material and 5.9 g of modified silicon powder to 100 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, let it stand for 1 h, then filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry it in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silicon powder.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, transmission and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0129] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases with a flow rate of 5 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core;

[0130] S2. Coat the inner composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure it at 90 °C for 2 h, take it out, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer;

[0131] S3. Place the cable core coated with a protective inner layer in the outer foamed composite material, foam and cure it at 80 °C for 2 h, take it out, and dry it in an oven at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable;

[0132] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1300 °C, the high-temperature sintering time is 6 h; the wire drawing temperature is 2100 °C; the diameter of the cable core is 50 um;

[0133] In step S2, the thickness of the inner protective layer is 0.4 mm;

[0134] In step S3, the thickness of the outer protective layer is 0.15 mm.

[0135] The outer foamed composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 parts of composite silicon powder, 6 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 3 parts of methyltrioxime-based silane, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of light stabilizer 770, 2 parts of UV-1, 1 part of antioxidant, and 100 parts of deionized water;

[0136] The outer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0137] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrioxime-based silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010 and deionized water, and stir at 500 r / min for 50 min to obtain the outer foamed composite material.

[0138] The inner composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0139] A1. Add 5.5 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 45 mL of deionized water and 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 2.9 g of germanium chloride and 15 g of porous carbon, stir at 400 r / min for 2 h, stand for aging for 24 h, dry in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h, take out, heat-treat at 1200 °C for 5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0140] A2. Add 11 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials to 45 mL of deionized water and 85 mL of ethanol, stir evenly to obtain the inner composite material.

[0141] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0142] B1. Add 3 g of shellac to 30 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 6 g of silicon powder, stir at 500 r / min for 10 min, heat up to 75 °C, continue to stir for 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0143] B2. Mix 6 g of melamine, 12 mL of formaldehyde and 22 mL of deionized water, stir at 200 r / min for 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 10, add 6.5 g of shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 75 °C for 35 min, filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silicon powder;

[0144] B3. Add 1.7 g of pretreated lamellar material and 5.9 g of modified silicon powder to 100 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, let stand for 1 h, then filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silicon powder.

[0145] Comparative Example 3

[0146] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0147] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases at a flow rate of 5 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core.

[0148] S2. Coat the inner layer composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure at 90 °C for 2 h, take out, and cool to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer.

[0149] S3. Place the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer layer foamed composite material, foam and cure at 80 °C for 2 h, take out, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable.

[0150] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1300 °C, the high-temperature sintering time is 6 h; the temperature for drawing into a wire is 2100 °C; the diameter of the cable core is 50 um;

[0151] In step S2, the thickness of the protective inner layer is 0.4 mm;

[0152] In step S3, the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.15 mm.

[0153] The outer layer foamed composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 parts of composite silicon powder, 6 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 3 parts of methyltrione oxime-based silane, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of light stabilizer 770, 2 parts of UV-1, 1 part of antioxidant, and 100 parts of deionized water;

[0154] The outer layer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0155] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrione oxime-based silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010, and deionized water, and stir at 500 r / min for 50 min to obtain the outer layer foamed composite material.

[0156] The inner layer composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0157] A1. Add 5.5 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 45 mL of deionized water and 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 2.9 g of germanium chloride and 15 g of porous carbon, stir at 400 r / min for 2 h, let it stand and age for 24 h, dry in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h, take out, heat-treat at 1200 °C for 5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0158] A2. Add 22 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 45 mL of deionized water and 85 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 3, add 11 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, stir and mix at 500 r / min for 40 min to obtain an inner-layer composite material.

[0159] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0160] B1. Mix 6 g of melamine, 12 mL of formaldehyde and 22 mL of deionized water, stir at 200 r / min for 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 10, add 6.5 g of silicon powder, stir and react at 75 °C for 35 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silicon powder;

[0161] B2. Add 1.7 g of pretreated lamellar material and 5.9 g of modified silicon powder to 100 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, let it stand for 1 h, then filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silicon powder.

[0162] Comparative Example 4

[0163] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, transmission-durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, comprising the following steps:

[0164] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases with a flow rate of 5 g / min, and after high-temperature sintering, obtain an optical fiber preform. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core;

[0165] S2. Coat the inner-layer composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure at 90 °C for 2 h, take out, and cool to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer;

[0166] S3. Place the cable core coated with a protective inner layer in the outer-layer foamed composite material, foam and cure at 80 °C for 2 h, take out, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a transmission-durable power optical cable;

[0167] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1300 °C, and the high-temperature sintering time is 6 h; the wire drawing temperature is 2100 °C; the core diameter is 50 μm;

[0168] In step S2, the thickness of the inner protective layer is 0.4 mm;

[0169] In step S3, the thickness of the outer protective layer is 0.15 mm.

[0170] The outer foamed composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 parts of composite silicon powder, 6 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 3 parts of methyltrioxime-based silane, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of light stabilizer 770, 2 parts of UV-1, 1 part of antioxidant, and 100 parts of deionized water;

[0171] The outer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0172] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, composite silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrioxime-based silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010 and deionized water, and stir at 500 r / min for 50 min to obtain the outer foamed composite material.

[0173] The inner composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0174] A1. Add 5.5 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 45 mL of deionized water and 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 2.9 g of germanium chloride and 15 g of porous carbon, stir at 400 r / min for 2 h, stand for aging for 24 h, dry in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h, take out, heat-treat at 1200 °C for 5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0175] A2. Add 22 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 45 mL of deionized water and 85 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 3, add 11 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir and mix at 500 r / min for 40 min to obtain the inner composite material.

[0176] The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0177] B1. Add 3 g of shellac to 30 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 6 g of silicon powder, stir at 500 r / min for 10 min, heat up to 75 °C, continue to stir for 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0178] B2. Add 1.7 g of pretreated lamellar material and 5.9 g of shellac-coated silicon powder to 100 mL of ethanol, stir at 60 °C for 1 h, let stand for 1 h, then filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain composite silicon powder.

[0179] Comparative Example 5

[0180] A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure includes the following steps:

[0181] S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, and then pass oxygen and helium as reaction gases at a flow rate of 5 g / min. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core.

[0182] S2. Coat the inner layer composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure at 90 °C for 2 h, take out, and cool to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer.

[0183] S3. Place the cable core coated with a protective inner layer in the outer layer foamed composite material, foam and cure at 80 °C for 2 h, take out, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable.

[0184] Among them, in step S1, the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1300 °C, the high-temperature sintering time is 6 h; the temperature for drawing into a wire is 2100 °C; the diameter of the cable core is 50 um;

[0185] In step S2, the thickness of the protective inner layer is 0.4 mm;

[0186] In step S3, the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.15 mm.

[0187] The outer layer foamed composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 5 parts of modified silicon powder, 6 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 3 parts of methyltrione oxime-based silane, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of light stabilizer 770, 2 parts of UV-1, 1 part of antioxidant, and 100 parts of deionized water;

[0188] The outer layer foamed composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0189] Mix waterborne polyurethane, ethylene glycol, modified silicon powder, silicon carbide whiskers, methyltrione oxime-based silane, foaming agent, light stabilizer 770, UV-1, antioxidant 1010, and deionized water, and stir at 500 r / min for 50 min to obtain the outer layer foamed composite material.

[0190] The inner layer composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0191] A1. Add 5.5 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate to 45 mL of deionized water and 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 2, add 2.9 g of germanium chloride and 15 g of porous carbon, stir at 400 r / min for 2 h, let it stand and age for 24 h, dry in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h, take out, heat-treat at 1200 °C for 5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials;

[0192] A2. Add 22 g of methyltrimethoxysilane to 45 mL of deionized water and 85 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to adjust the pH to 3, add 11 g of porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir and mix at 500 r / min for 40 min to obtain an inner-layer composite material.

[0193] The modified silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0194] B1. Add 3 g of shellac to 30 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 6 g of silicon powder, stir at 500 r / min for 10 min, heat up to 75 °C, continue to stir for 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain shellac-coated silicon powder;

[0195] B2. Mix 6 g of melamine, 12 mL of formaldehyde and 22 mL of deionized water, stir at 200 r / min for 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 10, add 6.5 g of shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 75 °C for 35 min, filter, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified silicon powder.

[0196] Now, perform performance tests on the durable power optical cables prepared in Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 5.

[0197] Mechanical property test: Test the tensile strength and elongation at break of the above-prepared durable power optical cable according to the standard of GB / T2951.11 - 2008;

[0198] Aging resistance performance: Place the above-prepared durable power optical cable in an ultraviolet aging test chamber, use a 420W high-pressure mercury lamp as the aging lamp, the irradiation time is 72 h, install an aluminum reflector lamp shade, after aging treatment at 70 °C for 5 d, test the tensile strength and ductility to conduct an anti-aging test;

[0199] Optical cable transmission performance test: Use the cut-off method to test the optical fiber loss (dB / km) of the above-prepared durable power optical cable at a temperature of -70 °C, wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm;

[0200] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0201] Table 1 Performance Detection of Durable Power Optical Cables Prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0202]

[0203]

[0204] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the durable power optical cables prepared in Examples 1-3 have high mechanical properties, transmission properties and low-temperature resistance properties.

[0205] For the durable power optical cable obtained by replacing the porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials with nanomaterials to prepare the inner-layer composite material and coating it on the cable core in Comparative Example 1, its mechanical properties and transmission properties decline, which proves that germanium dioxide-silicon dioxide nanomaterials can be coated as hydrogen absorption materials to absorb the hydrogen elements generated inside the optical fiber cable core, avoid the interference of residual hydroxide ions inside the optical fiber cable core on the light energy, and prevent Rayleigh scattering from affecting the transmission performance of the power optical cable.

[0206] For the durable power optical cable obtained by coating the inner-layer composite material prepared without adding methyltrimethoxysilane on the cable core in Comparative Example 2, its performance declines, which proves that the porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials is uniformly dispersed in the organic-inorganic hybrid network. As the inner-layer composite material, it forms an organic-inorganic hybrid network on the surface of the cable core, has high water-blocking performance, blocks environmental moisture, reduces the penetration of hydrogen-containing impurity water molecules, and enhances the mechanical strength.

[0207] For the durable power optical cable obtained by replacing the shellac-coated silicon powder with silicon powder to prepare the composite silicon powder and coating it on the cable core in Comparative Example 3, its mechanical properties and transmission properties decline, which proves that shellac grafted on the surface of silicon powder can lower the freezing point of the power optical cable, so that the power optical cable will not easily freeze in a low-temperature and humid environment, has excellent anti-freezing performance, and the fatty acid structure contained in shellac can improve the waterproof and moisture-proof performance of silicon powder, avoiding the easy absorption of water and caking of silicon powder, which affects the anti-freezing performance.

[0208] For the durable power optical cable obtained by replacing the modified silicon powder with shellac-coated silicon powder to prepare the composite silicon powder and coating it on the cable core in Comparative Example 4, its performance declines, which proves that cross-linked polymers formed on the surface of silicon powder have good toughness and impermeability, further reduce the permeability of water molecules, and the cross-linked polymers have high toughness, enhancing the mechanical strength of the power optical cable.

[0209] Comparative Example 5 A durable power optical cable obtained by replacing the composite silicon powder with modified silicon powder and coating it on the cable core shows a decrease, which proves that depositing a laminated material on the surface of the modified silicon powder increases the surface roughness of the silicon powder and the contact area between the silicon powder and polyurethane and ethylene glycol, facilitating the formation of a stable coating layer on the cable core surface. On the other hand, the laminated material can block the penetration of oxygen and water molecules and inhibit the propagation of cracks, improving the aging resistance and mechanical strength of the power optical cable.

[0210] In the description of the specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0211] The above content is only an example and illustration of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims of the present invention, and shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure, characterized in that, It includes the following preparation steps: S1. Pass silicon chloride, germanium, and boron into a quartz glass tube, then pass in oxygen and helium. After high-temperature sintering, an optical fiber preform is obtained. The optical fiber preform is drawn into a wire to obtain a cable core. S2. Coat the inner composite material on the surface of the cable core, cure it at 80 - 90 °C for 1 - 2 h, take it out, and cool it to room temperature to obtain a cable core coated with a protective inner layer. S3. Place the cable core coated with the protective inner layer in the outer foamed composite material, foam and cure it at 70 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h, take it out, and dry it to obtain a cable core coated with a protective outer layer, that is, a durable power optical cable. The inner composite material is obtained by mixing and reacting porous carbon, tetraethyl orthosilicate, and germanium chloride, and then mixing and reacting with methyltrimethoxysilane. The outer foamed composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 - 60 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 30 - 40 parts of ethylene glycol, 4 - 5 parts of composite silicon powder, 5 - 6 parts of whisker silicon, 1 - 3 parts of crosslinking agent, 2 - 4 parts of foaming agent, 3 - 5 parts of light stabilizer, 1 - 2 parts of UV absorber, 0.5 - 1 part of antioxidant, and 80 - 100 parts of deionized water. The composite silicon powder is obtained by reacting silicon powder coated with shellac with melamine and formaldehyde, and then coating a pretreated sheet material.

2. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner composite material is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add tetraethyl orthosilicate to deionized water and ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 1 - 2, add germanium chloride and porous carbon, stir at 300 - 400 r / min for 1 - 2 h, stand for aging, dry, and heat-treat at 900 - 1200 °C for 4 - 5 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials. A2. Add methyltrimethoxysilane to deionized water and ethanol, stir evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 2 - 3, add porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials, and stir at 400 - 500 r / min for 30 - 40 min to obtain the inner composite material.

3. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A1, the dosage ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, deionized water, ethanol, germanium chloride, and porous carbon is (5.1 - 5.5) g : (35 - 45) mL : (90 - 110) mL : (2.5 - 2.9) g : (12 - 15) g.

4. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A2, the dosage ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane, deionized water, ethanol, and porous carbon loaded with nanomaterials is (18 - 22) g : (35 - 45) mL : (75 - 85) mL : (10 - 11) g.

5. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite silicon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Add shellac to ethanol, stir evenly, add silicon powder, stir at 400 - 500 r / min for 5 - 10 min, raise the temperature to 65 - 75 °C, continue to stir for 30 - 40 min, filter and collect the solid, wash the solid, and dry it to obtain silicon powder coated with shellac. B2. Mix melamine, formaldehyde and deionized water, stir at 100 - 200 r / min for 13 - 15 min, add triethanolamine to adjust the pH to 8 - 10, add shellac-coated silicon powder, stir and react at 65 - 75 °C for 25 - 35 min, then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified silicon powder; B3. Add the pretreated laminated material and modified silicon powder into ethanol, stir evenly, let it stand, then filter, wash and dry to obtain composite silicon powder.

6. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step B1, the dosage ratio of shellac, ethanol and silicon powder is (2 - 3) g : (20 - 30) mL : (5.6 - 6) g.

7. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step B2, the dosage ratio of melamine, formaldehyde, deionized water and shellac-coated silicon powder is (4 - 6) g : (8 - 12) mL : (18 - 22) mL : (6.1 - 6.5) g.

8. The manufacturing process of a new type of precise, efficient, and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step B3, the dosage ratio of the pretreated laminated material, modified silicon powder and ethanol is (1.5 - 1.7) g : (5.7 - 5.9) g : (80 - 100) mL.

9. A durable power optical cable prepared by the manufacturing process of the novel precise, efficient transmission and durable power optical cable for 5G / B5G infrastructure according to any one of claims 1 - 8.

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