Outer curtain wall construction planning method and device based on risk model and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building construction risk management, in particular to an outer curtain wall construction planning method and device based on a risk model and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a construction project into a plurality of independent working units from top to bottom, performing risk identification and hierarchical decomposition on each working unit, establishing a WBS-RBS matrix and forming a plurality of risk points; and judging the existence condition and the occurrence possibility of each risk point one by one, and performing outer curtain wall construction planning according to the existence condition and the occurrence possibility. According to the method, through multi-dimensional risk assessment and a refined planning strategy, the potential risk in the construction process is effectively reduced, and the construction safety and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field, and in particular to an external curtain wall construction planning method, device and medium based on a risk model. Background Art

[0002] Due to their unique design and aesthetic features, special-shaped buildings are becoming increasingly popular in modern urban construction. However, the complexity and diversity of such building designs pose many challenges to construction, especially in external curtain wall construction. Although traditional construction methods show good applicability in many ordinary buildings, they are inadequate when faced with special-shaped buildings. This not only affects the construction progress and quality but also increases the construction cost and safety risks.

[0003] Currently, for the problems existing in the external curtain wall construction of special-shaped buildings, the commonly used solutions mainly include the following aspects: One is to improve construction accuracy by increasing on-site manual intervention, but this requires a large amount of labor and technical support, resulting in high construction costs; the second is to use customized construction equipment and tools, which are often expensive and complex to maintain; the third is to optimize the construction process and technology, such as reducing errors in actual construction by pre-simulating the construction process, but it is still difficult to completely avoid unforeseen problems caused by environmental changes. Although the above methods have alleviated some problems to a certain extent, they have not fundamentally solved the problems.

[0004] The existing external curtain wall construction methods for special-shaped buildings mainly rely on manual operations and simple mechanical equipment, and there are obvious deficiencies in the construction process. First, due to the lack of a systematic risk management mechanism, it is difficult to comprehensively identify and control various risks during the construction process, thus increasing the safety hazards of construction. Second, traditional methods cannot effectively cope with the complex construction site environment. Especially when working at high altitudes, the working conditions of construction workers are harsh and are easily affected by factors such as bad weather, further exacerbating the construction difficulty and danger level. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an external curtain wall construction planning method, device and medium based on a risk model, which reduces the potential risks during the construction process and improves the construction safety and efficiency.

[0006] In the first aspect, a method for external curtain wall construction planning based on a risk model provided by this application adopts the following technical solution: A method for external curtain wall construction planning based on a risk model includes: Dividing a construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom, and the work units at least include hanging basket installation, hanging basket pre-installation, hanging basket use, slideway walking and hanging basket disassembly; Identify risks for each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed, and decompose the identified risks hierarchically until various risk attributes are similar, obtaining a risk coefficient set; Establish a WBS–RBS matrix based on several work units and the risk coefficient set; Form several risk points according to the WBS–RBS matrix; Judge the existence of each risk point one by one, and obtain the occurrence probability of each existing risk point; plan the external wall curtain wall construction according to the existence situation and occurrence probability of each risk point.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, this application can systematically sort out the risk laws of the suspended platform construction project, cover the possible risks during construction, identify each WBS node according to RBS, and effectively avoid risk omission; the risk classification and risk factors are clearer and more systematic after classification and grading, avoiding the confusion of risk division, facilitating risk planning response, data processing, evaluation analysis and experience accumulation. Specifically: Divide the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom, which helps to clarify the specific tasks and responsibility assignments at each stage and improve the organization and efficiency of construction. Identify risks for each work unit and decompose the identified risks hierarchically until various risk attributes are similar, obtaining a risk coefficient set, which can comprehensively cover potential risks and reduce safety hazards caused by negligence. Establish a WBS–RBS matrix to make risk management more systematic and scientific, which is conducive to timely discovering and coping with various risk points. Form several risk points and judge their existence and occurrence probability one by one, providing a basis for subsequent risk management and decision-making, and enhancing the controllability and reliability of the construction process. Plan the external wall curtain wall construction according to the existence situation and occurrence probability of each risk point, making the construction plan more in line with actual needs and improving the construction quality and safety.

[0008] Preferably, the risk identification for each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtain personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Identify risks for each work unit from four aspects: personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application can comprehensively and systematically identify and evaluate the personnel risks, environmental risks, material and mechanical risks, and technical risks existing in each work unit. Specifically: The personnel risks are identified through risks such as improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators, which can effectively reduce safety accidents caused by human factors and improve the safety and reliability of construction. The environmental risks are identified for problems such as adverse meteorological conditions and environmental risks, poor construction site conditions, and construction fumes and dust, which helps to take countermeasures in advance, reduce the impact of the external environment on the construction progress and quality, and ensure the smooth progress of construction. The material and mechanical risks are identified through risks such as falling of construction items, unqualified building materials, construction equipment and power failures, lifting device failures, and improper storage of flammable materials, which can timely detect potential quality hazards, prevent accidents from occurring, and ensure construction safety and efficiency. The technical risks are identified from aspects such as improper construction safety protection measures, violation of construction sequences or accident standards, unreasonable construction technologies and plans, and unreasonable material and equipment configurations, which helps to optimize construction plans and technical measures, and improve the overall technical level and management level of construction. In summary, this technical solution can significantly improve the risk management and control capabilities of the external curtain wall construction of special-shaped buildings, ensure construction quality and safety, and at the same time improve construction efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the construction project is divided into several independent work units from top to bottom, including: Construct the component welding process, bolt connection process, lifting operation process, and pin bolt connection process into the suspended platform installation work unit; Construct the structural preloading process into the suspended platform pre-installation work unit; Construct the curtain wall project, formwork project, steel bar project, concrete project, and prestressed project into the suspended platform usage work unit; Construct the structural system conversion process, runway walking process, jack driving process, and suspended platform fixing process into the slideway walking work unit; Construct the auxiliary structure demolition process and the main structure demolition process into the suspended platform demolition work unit.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, this application can systematically divide construction projects into multiple independent work units, making the responsibilities of each work link clear and improving the efficiency of construction organization and management. Specifically: The installation of the suspended platform is carried out through processes such as component welding, bolt connection, lifting operation, and pin bolt connection to ensure the safety and stability of the suspended platform installation and reduce the risks caused by improper installation. The pre-installation of the suspended platform is carried out through the structural preloading process to verify in advance the load-bearing capacity and safety of the suspended platform during actual use and prevent unexpected problems in the later stage. The use of the suspended platform is integrated with curtain wall projects, formwork projects, steel bar projects, concrete projects, and prestressed projects to ensure the stable operation of the suspended platform under complex working conditions and improve the construction quality. The sliding track walking is achieved through the comprehensive design of structural system conversion, runway race walking, jack drive, and suspended platform fixation to realize the smooth movement of the suspended platform between different heights and positions and improve the construction flexibility. The disassembly of the suspended platform is carried out through the orderly arrangement of auxiliary structure disassembly and main structure disassembly to ensure the safe and rapid disassembly of the suspended platform after the construction is completed and reduce the difficulty of subsequent cleaning work. In summary, this technical solution not only improves the overall management level of construction projects but also significantly enhances the safety, quality, and efficiency of construction.

[0012] Preferably, obtaining the personnel risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtaining the risks of improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Regarding the risks of improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators as personnel risks.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, this application can comprehensively identify and evaluate the risks related to human resources in construction projects, which are specifically manifested in the following aspects: Improving the accuracy of risk management is to more precisely locate and quantify the potential risk points related to personnel through the specific identification of the risks of improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of risk management. Optimizing the construction process is to clarify these specific personnel risks, which helps to formulate corresponding preventive measures and emergency plans before construction, reduce construction delays and quality hazards caused by human factors, and then optimize the entire construction process and improve construction efficiency. Enhancing construction safety is to significantly reduce the accident rate during construction, ensure the life safety and physical health of construction workers, and create a safer working environment by specifically identifying and addressing these personnel risks. Reducing costs is to effectively reduce the economic losses caused by accidents and lower the overall cost of the project by preventing and controlling these personnel risks in advance.

[0014] Preferably, obtaining the environmental risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtain adverse meteorological conditions, environmental risks, risks of poor construction site conditions, and risks of construction fume and dust according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed. Regard the adverse meteorological conditions, environmental risks, risks of poor construction site conditions, and risks of construction fume and dust as environmental risks.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present application can comprehensively identify and evaluate environmental risks in construction projects, especially adverse meteorological conditions, environmental risks, risks of poor construction site conditions, and risks of construction fume and dust. The specification of these risks makes risk management more targeted, helps to take preventive measures in advance, reduces construction delays and safety accidents caused by environmental factors, and improves the safety and efficiency of construction.

[0016] Preferably, obtaining material and machinery risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtain the risk of construction items falling, the risk of unqualified building materials, the risk of construction equipment and power failure, the risk of lifting device failure, and the risk of improper storage of flammable materials according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed. Regard the risk of construction items falling, the risk of unqualified building materials, the risk of construction equipment and power failure, the risk of lifting device failure, and the risk of improper storage of flammable materials as material and machinery risks.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present application can comprehensively identify and evaluate various risks related to materials and mechanical equipment that may occur during the construction process, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the exterior curtain wall construction. Specifically: the identification of the risk of construction items falling helps to take effective preventive measures to reduce the injuries caused by falling objects during high-altitude operations; the identification of the risk of unqualified building materials can ensure that the materials used meet the quality standards and avoid quality defects and potential safety hazards caused by material problems; the identification of the risk of construction equipment and power failure can help maintain and replace faulty equipment in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of construction; the identification of the risk of lifting device failure can conduct inspections and tests on lifting equipment in advance to prevent accidents from occurring during key processes; the identification of the risk of improper storage of flammable materials can strengthen on-site safety management and prevent fire accidents. These measures work together to improve the controllability of the entire construction process, reduce potential risks, and enhance the overall safety level of the project.

[0018] Preferably, obtaining technical risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtain the risk of improper construction safety protection measures, the risk of violating the construction sequence or accident standards, the risk of unreasonable construction technology and plans, and the risk of unreasonable material and equipment configuration according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed. The risks of improper construction safety protection measures, risks of violating the construction sequence or accident standards, risks of unreasonable construction technology and plans, and risks of unreasonable material and equipment configuration are regarded as technical risks.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, it is possible to comprehensively cover various technical risks that may exist in construction projects and improve the risk management level of external curtain wall construction projects. Specifically: The risk of improper construction safety protection measures can effectively identify and evaluate potential problems of insufficient safety protection during the construction process, formulate corresponding preventive measures in advance, and reduce accidents caused by inadequate safety protection. The risk of violating the construction sequence or accident standards can avoid quality problems and safety accidents caused by operational errors or violations through strict control of the construction sequence and technical standards, ensuring the standardization and safety of the construction process. The risk of unreasonable construction technology and plans helps to discover and improve the defects existing in the existing construction technology and plans, optimize the construction process, and improve construction efficiency and quality. The risk of unreasonable material and equipment configuration can prevent engineering quality problems caused by improper material selection or equipment mismatch through detailed risk assessment of the selection and configuration of materials and equipment, reducing the rework rate and cost waste.

[0020] Preferably, the external curtain wall construction plan is made according to the existence situation and occurrence possibility of each risk point, including: Construct an initial construction plan prediction model; Obtain the existence situation samples, occurrence possibility samples of risk points and corresponding construction plan samples during several construction plan processes in the construction plan prediction database; Take the existence situation samples and occurrence possibility samples of risk points as input features, and take the construction plan samples as output features to construct a sample set; Train the initial construction plan prediction model according to the sample set to obtain a trained construction plan prediction model; Input the existence situation and occurrence possibility of each risk point into the trained construction plan prediction model to obtain the current required construction plan.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present application can achieve effective management and precise planning of the construction risks of the external curtain wall. Specifically: improving construction safety, by analyzing in detail the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point and using them as input features for training the construction planning prediction model, the occurrence probability of various potential risks can be accurately evaluated, so as to take preventive measures in advance and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. Optimizing the construction plan, using the sample set constructed from historical construction data to train the initial model, the generated construction planning prediction model can automatically adjust the optimal construction plan according to the actual risk situation of the current project to ensure a reasonable and efficient construction progress. Improving the project quality, this method can comprehensively consider various uncertain factors that may occur during the construction process, especially those unforeseeable risk events, which helps to formulate a more careful quality control strategy to ensure the final project quality. Reducing the construction cost, through the effective identification and management of risks, the cost increase caused by accidental accidents is reduced, and the scientific and reasonable construction arrangement also helps to save resource consumption, further reducing the overall construction cost.

[0022] In a second aspect, a computer device provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: A computer device includes a memory and a processor, and a method for external curtain wall construction planning based on a risk model as described in the first aspect can be loaded and executed by the processor on the memory.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present application can effectively prevent and control potential safety hazards and reduce the occurrence probability of high-altitude operation safety accidents by conducting detailed risk identification and hierarchical decomposition on each work unit of the construction project and combining with the WBS-RBS matrix to form an assessment of risk points and their occurrence probabilities. For different categories of risks, personnel, environment, materials and machinery, and technology, comprehensive and detailed identification and management are carried out, making the entire construction process more scientific and reasonable, and improving the coordination and coherence among various links. By means of a computer device, automatic risk management and dynamic adjustment functions are realized, and the trained construction planning prediction model is used to guide the actual operation, which not only speeds up the decision-making speed but also reduces the error rate caused by human factors. Based on the results of risk analysis, a more reasonable construction plan is formulated to ensure that every detail can be fully considered, thereby ensuring that the final project quality reaches the expected goal.

[0024] In a third aspect, a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that can be loaded and executed by a processor to perform a method for constructing an external curtain wall based on a risk model as described in the first aspect. By adopting the above technical solution, in this application, the construction project is divided into multiple independent work units from top to bottom, and detailed risk identification and hierarchical decomposition are performed on each work unit to form a systematic WBS–RBS matrix. This makes risk identification more comprehensive and detailed, avoiding potential safety hazards caused by risk omission in traditional methods. By comprehensively identifying and classifying personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks, the classification of risk factors becomes clearer and more systematic, facilitating subsequent risk planning, response, and data analysis, and improving the scientificity and effectiveness of risk management. In view of the characteristics of the external curtain wall construction of special-shaped buildings, through detailed preliminary risk assessment and planning, the uncertainty during the construction process is reduced, the rework rate is lowered, the construction period is shortened, and thus the overall construction efficiency is improved. Through systematic risk management, it is ensured that every construction link is under control, reducing the influence of human errors and other uncontrollable factors, and enhancing the construction quality and safety. By identifying and managing various potential risks, especially the construction risks under high-altitude operations and adverse weather conditions, the safety of the construction site is significantly enhanced, the working environment of construction workers is improved, and the personal safety of construction workers is guaranteed. Using the constructed construction planning prediction model, combined with historical data, the existing situation and occurrence probability of current risk points, intelligent decision-making for construction planning is realized, further optimizing resource allocation and improving the project management level.

[0025] 1. By dividing the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom, and performing risk identification and hierarchical decomposition on each work unit, a WBS–RBS matrix is established, which can systematically sort out the risk laws of the suspended platform construction project, effectively avoid risk omission, and improve the risk management level during the construction process; 2. After risk classification and risk factors are classified and graded, they are clearer and more systematic, facilitating risk planning response, data processing, evaluation analysis, and experience accumulation, and enhancing the safety and reliability of the overall construction; 3. By judging the existence situation and occurrence probability of each risk point, and accordingly conducting the construction planning of the external curtain wall, the uncertainty and potential risks during the construction process can be effectively reduced, and the construction efficiency and quality can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the method in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 is the structure diagram of the work unit in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the work risk cause model in Embodiment 1 of this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The following combines the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 3 to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of this application. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can fully combine the embodiments of the present invention to obtain other embodiments without creative labor, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The inventors of this application found that there are some problems and challenges in the construction of the curtain wall of special-shaped buildings using traditional construction methods. For example, it is difficult to meet the precise installation requirements of the curtain wall, it is difficult to ensure the verticality and flatness of the curtain wall, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required, the construction period is long, and it is difficult to guarantee the construction quality and safety. There are potential safety hazards in high-altitude operations, the working environment of construction workers is poor, and they are easily affected by factors such as bad weather. Therefore, this application mainly adopts a curtain wall construction planning method based on a risk model. By systematically identifying and managing the risks of each work unit, the safety and efficiency of construction are improved, and the effects of reducing construction time and cost and improving construction quality are achieved. The following is a further detailed description of this application.

[0029] Embodiment 1 The embodiment of this application provides a curtain wall construction planning method based on a risk model. Refer to Figure 1 , including: S1. Divide the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom.

[0030] Specifically, the work units include suspended basket installation, suspended basket pre-installation, suspended basket use, slideway walking, and suspended basket disassembly, etc. By systematically identifying and managing the risks of each work unit, the safety and efficiency of construction are improved.

[0031] S2. Identify the risks of each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed, and decompose the identified risks layer by layer until the various risk attributes are similar to obtain a risk coefficient set.

[0032] Specifically, identifying the risks of each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed can comprehensively cover potential risks and reduce safety hazards caused by negligence.

[0033] S3. Establish a WBS–RBS matrix according to several work units and the risk coefficient set.

[0034] Specifically, establishing a WBS–RBS matrix makes risk management more systematic and scientific, and is conducive to timely discovering and dealing with various risk points.

[0035] S4. Form several risk points according to the WBS–RBS matrix.

[0036] S5. Judge the existence of each risk point one by one, and obtain the occurrence probability of each existing risk point.

[0037] Specifically, forming several risk points and judging their existence and occurrence probability one by one provides a basis for subsequent risk management and decision-making, and enhances the controllability and reliability of the construction process.

[0038] S6. Make the external curtain wall construction plan according to the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point.

[0039] Specifically, making the external curtain wall construction plan according to the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point makes the construction plan more in line with the actual needs and improves the construction quality and safety.

[0040] As Figure 2 shown, the hanging basket installation work unit of the embodiment of the present application includes a component welding process, a bolt connection process, a lifting operation process, and a pin bolt connection process. Among them, the component welding process can adopt two methods: automatic welding machine or manual arc welding. The automatic welding machine has a higher welding speed and more stable welding quality, and is suitable for large-scale production; manual arc welding is more flexible and suitable for small-batch production and welding of complex structures. In the bolt connection process, high-strength bolts or ordinary bolts can be selected. High-strength bolts have better shear resistance and fatigue resistance, and are suitable for situations bearing large loads; ordinary bolts have lower costs and are suitable for general load-bearing requirements. In the lifting operation process, an electric hoist or a manual chain hoist can be used. The electric hoist has a high degree of automation and is easy to operate, and is suitable for frequent lifting operations; the manual chain hoist does not require power supply and is suitable for lifting operations in temporary or emergency situations. In the pin bolt connection process, self-locking pins or ordinary pins can be used. Self-locking pins have the function of preventing loosening and are suitable for environments with large vibrations; ordinary pins have a simple structure and are easy to replace.

[0041] At the same time, in order to improve the waterproof effect of the construction process, waterproof materials are usually required, such as waterproof coatings or waterproof coiled materials. In the specific implementation process, for the greening part of the planted roof on the basement top slab, 4mm thick modified asphalt (SBS) root-resistant waterproof coiled materials and 1.5 thick TU-TJ cement-based permeable and bactericidal waterproof coatings can be used. For non-planted roofs outdoors, such as squares, roads, and sidewalks, 1.2 thick polyvinyl chloride (pvc) root-piercing waterproof coiled materials can be used, with the four sides turned up to the planting soil layer, 15 thick synthetic polymer waterproof coiled materials, and 2.0 thick synthetic polymer waterproof coatings.

[0042] The pre-installation work unit of the hanging basket includes the structural preloading process. Structural preloading can be achieved by hydraulic jacks or spring loaders. Hydraulic jacks have high loading accuracy and stability, and are suitable for situations where precise control of the pre-tightening force is required; spring loaders are structurally compact and are suitable for occasions with limited space. The role of structural preloading is to ensure that the hanging basket is in a stable state before it is officially put into use, and to avoid unexpected deformation or damage during subsequent use.

[0043] The working unit of the hanging basket includes curtain wall engineering, formwork engineering, steel bar engineering, concrete engineering, and prestressed engineering. In formwork engineering, wooden formwork or steel formwork can be selected. Wooden formwork has low cost and is easy to process, and is suitable for single-use; steel formwork has high strength and strong durability, and is suitable for multiple turnovers. In steel bar engineering, hot-rolled ribbed steel bars or cold-drawn steel wires can be selected according to actual needs. Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars have good mechanical properties and welding properties, and are suitable for components with large forces; cold-drawn steel wires have smaller diameters and are suitable for slender components. In concrete engineering, cast-in-place concrete or precast concrete slabs can be selected. Cast-in-place concrete has good integrity and density, and is suitable for large-volume structures; precast concrete slabs are factory-produced and assembled on-site, and are suitable for rapid construction. In prestressed engineering, the post-tensioning method or the pre-tensioning method can be adopted. The post-tensioning method is suitable for large components and can better control prestress losses; the pre-tensioning method is suitable for medium and small components and has a fast construction speed.

[0044] The sliding track walking work unit includes the structural system conversion process, the runway race walking process, the jack driving process, and the hanging basket fixing process. The structural system conversion can be achieved by robotic arms or manual adjustment. Robotic arms have a high degree of automation and good operation accuracy, and are suitable for the conversion of complex structures; manual adjustment is flexible and variable, and is suitable for the conversion of simple structures. The runway race walking can be achieved by rollers or crawlers. Rollers have low rolling resistance and smooth operation, and are suitable for hard ground; crawlers have strong ground gripping ability and are suitable for soft foundations. The jack driving can be achieved by hydraulic jacks or pneumatic jacks. Hydraulic jacks have a large driving force and are suitable for heavy-duty operations; pneumatic jacks are light and flexible and are suitable for light-duty operations. The hanging basket fixing can be fixed by buckles or screws. Buckle fixing is fast and convenient and is suitable for temporary fixing; screw fixing is firm and reliable and is suitable for long-term fixing.

[0045] The demolition work unit of the hanging basket includes the auxiliary structure demolition process and the main structure demolition process. The auxiliary structure demolition can be achieved by cutting or disassembling. Cutting is suitable for metal structures and can completely remove waste; disassembly is suitable for composite structures and can recycle some components. The main structure demolition can be achieved by sectional demolition or overall demolition. Sectional demolition is suitable for large structures and can be processed section by section to reduce the single load; overall demolition is suitable for small structures and is completed at one time with higher efficiency.

[0046] AsFigure 3 As shown in Figure 3 , risk identification for each work unit is carried out according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed, including: obtaining personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks based on the actual situation of the project to be constructed; and carrying out risk identification for each work unit from four aspects: personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks. Among them, personnel risks include the risks of improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators; environmental risks include adverse meteorological conditions and environmental risks, poor construction site conditions, and construction fume and dust risks; material and machinery risks include the risks of falling construction items, unqualified building materials, construction equipment and power failures, lifting device failures, and improper storage of flammable materials; technical risks include the risks of improper construction safety protection measures, violation of construction sequence or accident standards, unreasonable construction technology and plans, and unreasonable material and equipment configuration.

[0047] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By dividing the entire construction project into multiple independent work units and comprehensively identifying and evaluating the risks of each work unit, a systematic WBS–RBS matrix is formed. This matrix not only covers various risks during the construction process but also enables targeted preventive measures based on the occurrence probability and severity of different risks. The final construction plan takes into account both safety, economy, and feasibility, greatly improving the overall level of the external curtain wall construction of special-shaped buildings.

[0048] In step S6 of the embodiment of the present application, the external curtain wall construction plan is carried out according to the existence situation and occurrence possibility of each risk point, including: S61. Construct an initial model for predicting the construction plan.

[0049] Specifically, when constructing the initial model for predicting the construction plan, various machine learning algorithms can be selected, such as decision trees, random forests, and support vector machines (SVMs), etc. These algorithms have their own advantages and disadvantages, and appropriate algorithms can be selected according to the specific application scenario. For example, the decision tree algorithm is simple and intuitive, easy to understand and interpret, and suitable for beginners; the random forest algorithm improves the prediction accuracy by integrating multiple decision trees and is suitable for complex data sets; the support vector machine algorithm performs excellently in processing high-dimensional data and is suitable for big data analysis.

[0050] S62. Obtain samples of the existence situation and occurrence possibility of risk points and corresponding construction plan samples during several construction plan processes in the construction plan prediction database.

[0051] Specifically, in the process of obtaining the construction planning prediction database, a large amount of sample data can be extracted from historical engineering projects, including the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point, as well as the corresponding construction planning results. These data can be from the company's internal historical records or obtained from external channels, such as industry associations, government regulatory departments, etc. By collecting diverse data sources, the generalization ability of the model can be improved, enabling it to exhibit good prediction performance in new projects.

[0052] S63. Use the existence situation samples and occurrence probability samples of risk points as input features, and use the construction planning samples as output features to construct a sample set.

[0053] Specifically, when constructing the sample set, it is necessary to clean and preprocess the original data, remove outliers and missing values to ensure data quality. Then, use the existence situation and occurrence probability of risk points as input features, and use the construction planning results as output features to form a standardized data set. This process can be efficiently processed and modeled with the help of data analysis software, such as Python's Pandas library and Scikit-Learn library.

[0054] S64. Train the initial construction planning prediction model according to the sample set to obtain a trained construction planning prediction model.

[0055] Specifically, when training the construction planning prediction model, the cross-validation method can be adopted. Divide the data set into a training set and a test set, which are used for model training and validation respectively. By continuously adjusting the model parameters, find the best combination of hyperparameters to make the model perform optimally on the test set. In addition, methods such as grid search and Bayesian optimization can also be used to further improve the model performance.

[0056] S65. Input the existence situation and occurrence probability of each risk point into the trained construction planning prediction model to obtain the current required construction plan.

[0057] Specifically, in practical applications, input the existence situation and occurrence probability of each risk point into the trained construction planning prediction model, and the current required construction plan can be obtained. This method can not only generate personalized construction plans but also dynamically adjust the construction plan to cope with sudden changes. For example, if a certain risk point suddenly becomes very serious, the model will immediately recalculate and propose corresponding emergency plans to ensure that the construction process is always under control.

[0058] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By introducing intelligent algorithms, the method of the present invention realizes the intelligent and refined management of construction planning. This data-driven decision-making mode not only improves the accuracy and scientificity of construction plans but also helps enterprises stand out in the fierce market competition and win more customer trust and market share.

[0059] This application embodiment also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program that can be loaded and executed by the processor to implement an external curtain wall construction planning method based on a risk model is stored on the memory. Specifically, it includes: S1. Divide the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom.

[0060] S2. Conduct risk identification on each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed, and decompose the identified risks layer by layer until various risk attributes are similar to obtain a risk coefficient set.

[0061] S3. Establish a WBS–RBS matrix based on several work units and the risk coefficient set.

[0062] S4. Form several risk points according to the WBS–RBS matrix.

[0063] S5. Judge the existence of each risk point one by one and obtain the occurrence probability of each existing risk point.

[0064] S6. Conduct external curtain wall construction planning according to the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point.

[0065] In addition, when the processor in the computer device executes the computer program, it executes all the steps of the above-mentioned external curtain wall construction planning method based on the risk model.

[0066] Among them, the computer is a server, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a database connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store construction projects, work units, risk coefficient sets, construction planning prediction models, etc. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals through a network connection. The computer program, when executed by the processor, implements an external curtain wall construction planning method based on a risk model.

[0067] In the specific implementation process, the processor controls the output of the same control circuit parameters for each fan. The rotational speed sensor detects the rotational speed detection values of each fan under the same control circuit parameters and uploads the rotational speed detection values to the processor. The processor retrieves the control coefficient prediction model stored in the memory, inputs the control circuit parameters and the rotational speed detection values into the control coefficient prediction model, and obtains the control coefficient of each fan. The temperature sensor detects the actual temperature value at present and uploads the actual temperature value to the processor. The processor compares the actual temperature value with the first temperature threshold in the memory and generates a control signal to control the startup, shutdown, and rotational speed adjustment of each fan, where the control signal for the rotational speed needs to be generated according to the control coefficient of each fan.

[0068] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented: S1. Divide the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom.

[0069] S2. Conduct risk identification for each work unit according to the actual situation of the construction project to be carried out, decompose the identified risks layer by layer until the various risk attributes are similar, and obtain a risk coefficient set.

[0070] S3. Establish a WBS–RBS matrix based on several work units and the risk coefficient set.

[0071] S4. Form several risk points according to the WBS–RBS matrix.

[0072] S5. Judge the existence situation of each risk point one by one and obtain the occurrence probability of each existing risk point.

[0073] S6. Make an exterior wall curtain wall construction plan according to the existence situation and occurrence probability of each risk point.

[0074] When the processor executes the computer program, it can also execute the steps of the exterior wall curtain wall construction planning method based on the risk model in any of the above embodiments.

[0075] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, storage, database or other medium used in the various embodiments provided in the present application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memories. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0076] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of each functional unit and module is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. Embodiment 2 The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments lies in that it focuses on introducing how to apply the method of the present application in different construction environments to improve the adaptability and reliability of construction.

[0077] Specifically, under adverse weather conditions, in order to reduce environmental risks, wind-proof reinforcement measures can be taken during the installation and use of the hanging basket. For example, high-strength cables and anchors can be used to fix the hanging basket to the building to prevent the hanging basket from tipping over due to strong winds. In addition, a rain shield can be installed inside the hanging basket to prevent rainwater from entering and affecting the operation of the construction workers. In high-temperature or low-temperature environments, air conditioners or heating equipment can be equipped in the hanging basket to maintain a suitable temperature and ensure the physical health and work efficiency of the construction workers.

[0078] In the case of poor construction site conditions, site leveling and cleaning can be carried out in advance to ensure that there is enough space and passage for the suspended basket to move in the construction area. For soft soil foundations, steel plates or concrete cushions can be laid to enhance the load-bearing capacity of the foundation. In narrow spaces, folding or telescopic suspended baskets can be used to facilitate free entry and exit in small areas. In addition, universal wheels or tracks can be installed at the bottom of the suspended basket to enable it to move flexibly in different directions.

[0079] In the case of a large amount of construction fume and dust, a series of environmental protection measures can be taken, such as installing dust removal devices and ventilation systems to timely remove harmful substances in the air. At the same time, enclosures can be set up around the suspended basket to prevent dust from spreading to the surrounding areas. When carrying out concrete pouring or other processes that generate a large amount of dust, wet spraying technology can be used to reduce dust pollution.

[0080] In terms of material and machine risks, risks can be reduced through strict quality inspections and regular maintenance. For example, all materials used for the installation and use of the suspended basket must undergo strict inspections to ensure that they meet national standards and industry specifications. For key components, such as lifting tools and safety locks, regular inspections and tests should be carried out, and problems should be replaced in a timely manner. In addition, a special material warehouse should be set up at the construction site to properly store various materials and equipment to prevent damage caused by improper storage.

[0081] In terms of technical risks, the professional skills and safety awareness of construction workers can be improved through training and education. For example, all personnel participating in the suspended basket construction must receive professional training to master the correct operation methods and emergency disposal measures. For complex construction technologies and plans, experienced engineers should be responsible for guiding and supervising to ensure that each step is strictly implemented in accordance with the specifications. In addition, an advanced information management system can be introduced to monitor the construction progress and quality in real time, and potential problems can be discovered and solved in a timely manner.

[0082] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By effectively coping with different types of construction environments, the method of the present invention can not only operate efficiently under normal circumstances, but also ensure the safety and smooth progress of construction under extreme conditions. This comprehensive risk management and prevention and control measure greatly improves the overall quality and success rate of construction projects. Embodiment 3 The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that this embodiment combines a method for constructing an external curtain wall based on a risk model provided in Embodiment 1 with Internet of Things technology to form a construction monitoring system to monitor various indicators during the construction process in real time to ensure the safety and quality of construction.

[0083] Specifically, sensors such as pressure sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, acceleration sensors, etc. can be installed on the hanging basket and other important equipment. These sensors can collect various physical parameters in real time, such as the load weight of the hanging basket, ambient temperature and humidity, the movement trajectory of the hanging basket, etc. Through the wireless communication module, the collected data is transmitted to the central server for centralized processing and analysis.

[0084] On the central server, a comprehensive construction monitoring platform can be deployed to monitor and alarm the received data in real time. For example, when the load of the hanging basket exceeds the set threshold, the system will automatically issue an alarm to remind the staff to take measures in time. When the ambient temperature is too high or too low, the system will also issue a warning and suggest starting the cooling or heating equipment. In addition, through the video surveillance camera, the construction site can be viewed in real time to ensure that all work is carried out according to the plan.

[0085] In terms of data analysis, time series analysis and statistical methods can be used to conduct trend analysis and anomaly detection on historical data. For example, by comparing the daily construction time and efficiency, the key links that may cause construction delays can be found, and targeted improvement measures can be formulated. By comparing the environmental parameters in different time periods, the impact of climate change on exterior wall construction can be analyzed, and the construction time can be reasonably arranged. In addition, through cluster analysis and association rule mining, the laws and connections hidden behind the data can be discovered, providing a reference basis for future construction.

[0086] In terms of the early warning mechanism, multiple levels of early warning levels can be set, and different response measures are triggered according to the severity of the risk. For example, when a certain indicator slightly exceeds the normal range, the system will send a yellow early warning to remind the relevant personnel to pay attention and investigate the reasons; when the indicator greatly exceeds the normal range, the system will send a red early warning to immediately stop the relevant operation and organize the personnel to evacuate. In addition, an automatic notification function can be set, and the early warning information is informed to the project manager and the person in charge of the safety department in the first time through text messages, emails, etc.

[0087] In terms of remote control, the hanging basket and other equipment can be remotely controlled through the Internet or local area network. For example, when an emergency shutdown is required in case of special circumstances, the management personnel can close the equipment with one key through the mobile phone APP or computer port to ensure safety. When it is necessary to adjust the height or position of the hanging basket, precise operation can also be achieved through remote instructions. In addition, through virtual reality (VR) technology, the management personnel can understand the real situation of the construction site as if they were on the spot, improving the efficiency of command and dispatch.

[0088] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By integrating Internet of Things technology and intelligent analysis means, the method of the present invention realizes the full transparency and digital management of the construction process. Such a highly integrated monitoring system can not only detect and handle various risks in a timely manner, but also significantly improve the safety and quality of construction, creating greater economic benefits and social value for the enterprise. Embodiment 4 The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that this embodiment uses a construction simulation system based on BIM technology to pre-enact the construction process in advance and reduce errors and rework in actual construction.

[0089] Specifically, BIM software can be used to create a detailed 3D model covering various elements such as hanging baskets, exterior wall structures, and mechanical equipment. In this model, the whole process of the installation, pre-installation, use, movement, and demolition of the hanging basket can be simulated. Through animated demonstrations, the construction team can intuitively see the specific operations of each step, helping them better understand the construction process and technical key points.

[0090] In the model, various parameters and constraint conditions can be set, such as the maximum load, maximum tilt angle, and minimum safety distance of the hanging basket. When a certain parameter exceeds the limit value, the system will automatically turn red and prompt for modification to ensure that each operation is within the safe range. In addition, an interactive interface can be added to the model to allow users to click on specific objects to view their detailed information and operation guides.

[0091] During the construction simulation process, various possible scenarios can be simulated, such as bad weather, equipment failures, and human errors. Through repeated rehearsals, it can help the construction team familiarize themselves with the handling methods of various emergency situations and improve their response and coordination abilities. In addition, through simulation, the construction sequence and resource allocation can be optimized to reduce unnecessary waste and repetitive work.

[0092] Before construction, the simulation results can be generated into a detailed construction manual and distributed to each construction worker. This manual not only contains the operating procedures for each step, but also includes precautions, safety tips, etc., to ensure that each employee can operate according to the standards. In addition, through QR codes or barcodes, the electronic version of the manual can be linked to each device for convenient access by construction workers at any time.

[0093] During the construction process, AR technology can be used to superimpose the virtual model onto the real scene to help construction workers locate and operate more accurately. For example, when it is necessary to fix the hanging basket at a specific position, virtual marking lines and guiding arrows can be seen through AR glasses to ensure that each operation is accurate. In addition, through AR technology, the construction progress and quality can be displayed in real time for easy supervision and regulation by the management.

[0094] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By combining BIM technology and AR technology, the method of the present invention realizes the visualization and intelligent management of the construction process. This advanced simulation system not only helps to improve the efficiency and quality of construction, but also effectively reduces the uncertainties and risks during the construction process, bringing greater competitive advantages and development potential to the enterprise.

[0095] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application. It does not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A construction planning method for exterior curtain walls based on a risk model, characterized in that, Including: Dividing the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom, where the work units at least include suspended platform installation, suspended platform pre-assembly, suspended platform use, slideway walking, and suspended platform disassembly; Identifying risks for each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed, hierarchically decomposing the identified risks until various risk attributes are similar to obtain a risk coefficient set; Establishing a WBS–RBS matrix based on several work units and the risk coefficient set; Forming several risk points according to the WBS–RBS matrix; Judging the existence of each risk point one by one and obtaining the occurrence possibility of each existing risk point; Carrying out the external curtain wall construction plan according to the existence situation and occurrence possibility of each risk point.

2. The method for constructing an exterior curtain wall construction plan based on a risk model according to claim 1, wherein The risk identification for each work unit according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtaining personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Identifying risks for each work unit from four aspects: personnel risks, environmental risks, material and machinery risks, and technical risks.

3. A method for constructing an external curtain wall construction plan based on a risk model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dividing the construction project into several independent work units from top to bottom includes: Constructing the component welding process, bolt connection process, lifting operation process, and pin bolt connection process into the suspended platform installation work unit; Constructing the structure preloading process into the suspended platform pre-assembly work unit; Constructing the curtain wall project, formwork project, steel bar project, concrete project, and prestressed project into the suspended platform use work unit; Constructing the structure system conversion process, runway walking process, jack driving process, and suspended platform fixing process into the slideway walking work unit; Constructing the auxiliary structure demolition process and the main structure demolition process into the suspended platform disassembly work unit.

4. The method for constructing an exterior curtain wall construction plan based on a risk model according to claim 2, characterized in that, The obtaining personnel risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtaining the risks of improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Regarding the risks of improper operation of lifting tools, improper management, poor maintenance, and improper operation of operators as personnel risks.

5. The method for constructing an exterior curtain wall construction plan based on a risk model according to claim 2, wherein The obtaining environmental risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtaining the risks of severe meteorological conditions and environmental risks, poor construction site conditions, and construction fume and dust risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Regarding the risks of severe meteorological conditions and environmental risks, poor construction site conditions, and construction fume and dust risks as environmental risks.

6. The method for constructing curtain wall construction planning based on a risk model according to claim 2, wherein The obtaining material and machinery risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtaining the risks of falling construction items, unqualified building materials, construction equipment and power failures, lifting device failures, and improper storage of flammable materials according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Regarding the risks of falling construction items, unqualified building materials, construction equipment and power failures, lifting device failures, and improper storage of flammable materials as material and machinery risks.

7. The method for constructing an exterior curtain wall construction plan based on a risk model according to claim 2, characterized in that The obtaining material and machinery risks according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed includes: Obtaining the risks of improper construction safety protection measures, violation of construction sequence or accident standards, unreasonable construction technology and plans, and unreasonable material and equipment configuration according to the actual situation of the project to be constructed; Take the risks of improper construction safety protection measures, risks of violating the construction sequence or accident standards, risks of unreasonable construction technology and plans, and risks of unreasonable material and equipment configuration as technical risks.

8. A method for constructing a facade curtain wall based on a risk model according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The external curtain wall construction plan is made according to the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point, including: Construct an initial model for predicting the construction plan; Obtain the existence samples, occurrence probability samples of risk points and corresponding construction plan samples during several construction planning processes in the construction planning prediction database; Take the existence samples and occurrence probability samples of risk points as input features, and take the construction plan samples as output features to construct a sample set; Train the initial construction plan prediction model according to the sample set to obtain a trained construction plan prediction model; Input the existence and occurrence probability of each risk point into the trained construction plan prediction model to obtain the current required construction plan.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a method for external curtain wall construction planning based on a risk model that can be loaded and executed by the processor as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program that stores a method for external curtain wall construction planning based on a risk model that can be loaded and executed by the processor as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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