Dressing and smelting combined recovery device for waste lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a dressing and smelting combined recovery device for waste lithium ion batteries. Raw materials of the waste lithium ion batteries are sequentially treated by an auxiliary feeding unit, a discharging unit, a splitting unit, an ore washing and grading unit, a magnetic separation unit, a water leaching unit and the like to obtain nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products. The graphite product obtained through treatment of the magnetic separation unit is subjected to graphite flotation to obtain a graphite product; a lithium-containing solution obtained through treatment of the ore washing and grading unit and the water leaching unit is treated through the lithium impurity removal unit, and then a lithium product is obtained. The discharging unit comprises a discharging management system and a plurality of densely-arranged discharging devices, the discharging devices are used for conducting fixed limiting and positive and negative electrode connection discharging on the cylindrical waste lithium batteries, and the discharging management system is used for conducting real-time monitoring and management on the discharging conditions of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries in the discharging devices. Independent discharging, automatic operation and batch processing of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries can be achieved, the overall discharging efficiency is high, and safety and reliability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, and particularly relates to a combined beneficiation and smelting recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the advent of the waste lithium-ion battery tide, a large number of recycling processes have been developed and applied for a while. At present, some disclosed comprehensive recycling processes for waste lithium batteries generally have the problem of low recycling efficiency. Especially in the discharge treatment measures for lithium-ion batteries, the existing discharge devices cannot batch process lithium-ion batteries, and the discharge efficiency is low. Moreover, there are many specifications of existing lithium batteries. For example, cylindrical lithium-ion batteries include 18650 lithium batteries, 18500 lithium batteries, 14500 lithium batteries, 16500 lithium batteries, etc. Cylindrical lithium batteries of different specifications and models cannot be processed by a unified discharge device, which is not convenient for discharge treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a combined beneficiation and smelting recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] The combined beneficiation and smelting recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries proposed by the present invention includes an auxiliary feeding unit, a discharging unit, a disassembly unit, a low-temperature pyrolysis unit, a washing and classification unit, a magnetic separation unit, a reduction roasting unit, a water leaching unit, and an acid leaching and impurity removal unit. The waste lithium-ion battery raw materials are successively processed by the auxiliary feeding unit, the discharging unit, the disassembly unit, the low-temperature pyrolysis unit, and the washing and classification unit to obtain a part of lithium-containing solution and particulate matter. The particulate matter is then subjected to magnetic separation and classification treatment by the magnetic separation unit to obtain graphite products and nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products. The graphite products are obtained as graphite products after graphite flotation; the nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products are further subjected to reduction roasting treatment by the reduction roasting unit and lithium leaching treatment by the water leaching unit to obtain another part of lithium-containing solution and nickel-cobalt-manganese precipitates. The nickel-cobalt-manganese precipitates are obtained as nickel-cobalt-manganese products after being processed by the acid leaching and impurity removal unit; and the two parts of lithium-containing solution obtained by the treatment are obtained as lithium products after being processed by the lithium impurity removal unit;

[0005] The discharging unit includes a discharging management system and a number of densely arranged discharging devices. The discharging devices are used for fixing and limiting and connecting the positive and negative electrodes for discharging the cylindrical waste lithium batteries, and the discharging management system is used for real-time monitoring and management of the discharging conditions of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries in the discharging devices.

[0006] Preferably, the discharge device comprises a boxed shell, a lithium battery limiting and fixing component, a battery positive electrode connecting component and a battery negative electrode connecting component, the lithium battery limiting and fixing component is installed inside the boxed shell and comprises a limiting rod component in a well-shaped structure, and the four limiting rods of the limiting rod assembly are controlled by a screw transmission device to move relative to or towards each other; the upper and lower end surfaces of the boxed shell are respectively provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, the battery positive electrode connecting component is arranged in the upper opening and is hingedly mounted on the upper end surface of the boxed shell, and the battery negative electrode connecting component is arranged in the lower opening and is hingedly mounted on the lower end surface of the boxed shell; the battery positive electrode connecting component and the battery negative electrode connecting component are connected to the discharge end through wires to form a discharge circuit, and a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a circuit control switch are installed in the discharge circuit and are all connected to a discharge management system.

[0007] Preferably, the limit rod assembly includes two mutually parallel transverse limit rods and two mutually parallel longitudinal limit rods, and the longitudinal limit rods are provided with linear adjustment slots, and the two transverse limit rods are both inserted into the linear adjustment slots of the two longitudinal limit rods to form a tic-tac-toe structure; the screw transmission device includes two mutually parallel transverse transmission screws and two mutually parallel longitudinal transmission screws, the two transverse transmission screws are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two transverse limit rods, and the two ends of the longitudinal limit rods are respectively installed on the two transverse transmission screws; the two longitudinal transmission screws are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two longitudinal limit rods, and the two ends of the transverse limit rods are respectively installed on the two longitudinal transmission screws; the transverse transmission screw and the longitudinal transmission screw are both rotated by the control of the transmission motor and drive the two transverse limit rods and the two longitudinal limit rods to move relative to or towards each other.

[0008] Preferably, the limit rod assembly and the screw transmission device are provided with two groups, and are installed at different height positions on the inner wall of the box shell; the lithium battery limit fixing assembly also includes two vertically arranged limit plates 1 and two vertically arranged limit plates 2, the limit plate 1 is fixed between the two longitudinal limit rods in the two groups of limit rod assemblies, and the limit plate 2 is fixed between the two transverse limit rods in the two groups of limit rod assemblies; the inner end faces of the limit plate 1 and the limit plate 2 are both provided with elastic rubber layers.

[0009] Preferably, screw mounting holes are provided at both ends of the two longitudinal limiting rods and the transverse limiting rod. Two ends of one transverse transmission screw rod respectively penetrate through the screw mounting holes at one end of the two longitudinal limiting rods, and two ends of the other transverse transmission screw rod respectively penetrate through the screw mounting holes at the other end of the two longitudinal limiting rods. Two ends of one longitudinal transmission screw rod respectively penetrate through the screw mounting holes at one end of the two transverse limiting rods, and two ends of the other longitudinal transmission screw rod respectively penetrate through the screw mounting holes at the other end of the two transverse limiting rods. External threads with opposite directions are provided at both ends of the transverse transmission screw rod and the longitudinal transmission screw rod. The internal thread provided in the screw mounting hole of the longitudinal limiting rod matches the external thread provided at the corresponding position on the transverse transmission screw rod, and the internal thread provided in the screw mounting hole of the transverse limiting rod matches the external thread provided at the corresponding position on the longitudinal transmission screw rod.

[0010] Preferably, corner platforms are provided at the four right-angle corners of the inner wall of the box-shaped housing. L-shaped bases are mounted on the corner platforms. One end of the transverse transmission screw rod or the longitudinal transmission screw rod is mounted on the output shaft of a transmission motor, and the transmission motor is mounted on one corner platform or its L-shaped base. The other end of the transverse transmission screw rod or the longitudinal transmission screw rod is mounted on the L-shaped base of an adjacent corner platform through a bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the battery positive connection assembly includes an upper end cover, a telescopic rod, a positive connection end, a shock-absorbing spring and a positive discharge wire. The upper end cover is hingedly mounted on the upper end face of the box-shaped housing and rotates through motor control. The telescopic rod penetrates through the center of the upper end cover and expands and contracts through motor cylinder control. An insulating member is fixedly mounted or sleeved at the lower end of the telescopic rod. The positive connection end is suspended directly below the telescopic rod, and a cylindrical blind hole is provided on its upper end face. The upper end of the shock-absorbing spring is sleeved outside the insulating member and fixed on the outer wall of the insulating member. The lower end of the shock-absorbing spring is arranged in the cylindrical blind hole and fixed at the bottom of the cylindrical blind hole. One end of the positive discharge wire is fixedly connected to the positive connection end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the discharge end.

[0012] Preferably, the battery negative connection assembly includes a lower end cover, a base, a negative connection end and a negative discharge wire. The lower end cover is hingedly mounted on the lower end face of the box-shaped housing and rotates through motor control. The base is fixed at the center of the upper end face of the lower end cover, and an elastic buffer sheet is provided between the base and the lower end cover. The negative connection end is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper end face of the base through an insulating sheet. An annular support member is provided on the upper end face of the base outside the negative connection end, and an annular rubber shock-absorbing member is provided at the top of the annular support member. One end of the negative discharge wire is fixedly connected to the negative connection end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the discharge end.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary feeding unit includes a plurality of feeding pipes corresponding one by one to a plurality of densely arranged discharging devices. The end of the feeding pipe is arranged directly above the upper opening of the boxed shell of the discharging device, and the cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials are transported one by one to the boxed shell of the discharging device through the auxiliary feeding unit.

[0014] Preferably, a lithium battery conveyor belt is arranged below the plurality of discharging devices of the discharging unit. After the cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials are subjected to discharging treatment by the discharging unit, they are then transported to the disassembling unit through the lithium battery conveyor belt for crushing and disassembling treatment.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] A beneficiation and smelting combined recovery device for waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention can perform independent discharging treatment on cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials of different specifications and sizes through the discharging unit provided with a discharging management system and a plurality of densely arranged discharging devices; at the same time, the auxiliary feeding unit is used to assist in feeding the cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials in the discharging unit, improving the feeding efficiency of the discharging treatment. The beneficiation and smelting combined recovery device for waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention can feed independently, perform independent discharging treatment, operate automatically, process in batches, has a high overall discharging efficiency, can effectively improve the recovery efficiency, and is safe and reliable. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 : Structural framework diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 : Front view of the structure of the discharging device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 : Top view of the structure of the discharging device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 : Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at A in;

[0021] Figure 5 : Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at B in;

[0022] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the lithium battery limit fixing assembly of the discharging device of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] Reference Figure 1 Figure 1 As shown in

[0026] The cylindrical waste lithium batteries are successively subjected to auxiliary feeding treatment by the auxiliary feeding unit, batch discharging treatment by the discharging unit, and cracking and disassembling treatment by the disassembling unit; then subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis treatment by the low-temperature pyrolysis unit to remove plastic shells, phosphorus- and fluorine-containing diaphragms, etc. in the waste lithium batteries; and finally, partial lithium-containing solution and particulate matter are obtained through treatment in the ore washing and classification unit.

[0027] The particulate matter is then subjected to magnetic separation and classification treatment by the magnetic separation unit to obtain graphite products and nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products, and the graphite products are obtained as graphite products after graphite flotation.

[0028] The nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products are further subjected to reduction roasting treatment by the reduction roasting unit and lithium leaching treatment by the water leaching unit to obtain another part of lithium-containing solution and nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing precipitates, and the nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing precipitates are obtained as nickel-cobalt-manganese products after treatment by the acid leaching and impurity removal unit.

[0029] Part of the lithium-containing solution obtained through treatment in the ore washing and classification unit and another part of the lithium-containing solution obtained through treatment in the water leaching unit are jointly subjected to lithium impurity removal treatment by the lithium impurity removal unit to obtain lithium products.

[0030] In the discharging unit, the discharging unit includes a discharging management system and a number of densely arranged discharging devices. The discharging devices are used for fixing and limiting the cylindrical waste lithium batteries and connecting the positive and negative electrodes for discharging, and the discharging management system is used for real-time monitoring and management of the discharging conditions of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries in the discharging devices. By setting the discharging unit with a discharging management system and a number of densely arranged discharging devices, independent discharging treatment can be carried out on cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials of different specifications and sizes, with automated operation, batch processing, high overall discharging efficiency, and can effectively improve the recovery efficiency, and is safe and reliable.

[0031] Example 2:

[0032] Reference Figures 1-6 Figures 1-6 As shown in

[0033] The cylindrical waste lithium batteries are successively subjected to auxiliary feeding treatment by the auxiliary feeding unit, batch discharging treatment by the discharging unit, and cracking and disassembling treatment by the disassembling unit; then subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis treatment by the low-temperature pyrolysis unit to remove the plastic shell, phosphorus- and fluorine-containing diaphragms, etc. in the waste lithium batteries; and finally treated in the ore washing and classification unit to obtain a part of lithium-containing solution and particulate matter. The particulate matter is then subjected to magnetic separation and classification treatment by the magnetic separation unit to obtain graphite products and nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products, and the graphite products are obtained as graphite products after graphite flotation. The nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products are further subjected to reduction roasting treatment by the reduction roasting unit and lithium leaching treatment by the water leaching unit to obtain another part of lithium-containing solution and nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing precipitates, and the nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing precipitates are obtained as nickel-cobalt-manganese products after being treated by the acid leaching and impurity removal unit. A part of the lithium-containing solution obtained by treatment in the ore washing and classification unit and another part of the lithium-containing solution obtained by treatment in the water leaching unit are together further treated by the lithium impurity removal unit to obtain lithium products.

[0034] In the discharging unit, the discharging unit includes a discharging management system and a number of densely arranged discharging devices. The discharging devices are used for fixing and limiting the cylindrical waste lithium batteries and connecting the positive and negative electrodes for discharging, and the discharging management system is used for real-time monitoring and management of the discharging conditions of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries in the discharging devices.

[0035] As Figures 2-6 shown, the discharging device includes a box-shaped housing 1, a lithium battery limiting and fixing assembly 2, a battery positive electrode connecting assembly 3, and a battery negative electrode connecting assembly 4.

[0036] The lithium battery limiting and fixing assembly 2 is installed inside the box-shaped housing 1 and includes a limiting rod assembly in a well-shaped structure. The limiting rod assembly includes two mutually parallel transverse limiting rods 23 and two mutually parallel longitudinal limiting rods 24. A linear adjustment slot 27 is provided in the longitudinal limiting rods 24, and both transverse limiting rods 23 penetrate through the linear adjustment slots 27 of the two longitudinal limiting rods 24 and form a well-shaped structure.

[0037] The relative or opposite movement between the four limiting rods (two transverse limiting rods 23 and two longitudinal limiting rods 24) of the limiting rod assembly is controlled by a screw rod transmission device. The screw rod transmission device includes two mutually parallel transverse transmission screw rods 21 and two mutually parallel longitudinal transmission screw rods 22. The two transverse transmission screw rods 21 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two transverse limiting rods 23, and both ends of the longitudinal limiting rods 24 are respectively installed on the two transverse transmission screw rods 21. The two longitudinal transmission screw rods 22 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two longitudinal limiting rods 24, and both ends of the transverse limiting rods 23 are respectively installed on the two longitudinal transmission screw rods 22. The transverse transmission screw rod 21 and the longitudinal transmission screw rod 22 are both controlled to rotate by a transmission motor 25 and drive the two transverse limiting rods 23 and the two longitudinal limiting rods 24 to move relatively or oppositely.

[0038] At the four right-angled corners of the inner wall of the boxed housing 1, corner platforms 12 are welded or installed by bolts. L-shaped bases 13 are fixedly installed on the corner platforms 12 by bolts. One end of the transverse drive screw 21 or the longitudinal drive screw 22 in the screw drive device is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 25, and the drive motor 25 is installed on one corner platform 12 or its L-shaped base 13. The other end of the transverse drive screw 21 or the longitudinal drive screw 22 is installed on the L-shaped base 13 of another adjacent corner platform 12 through a bearing.

[0039] There are two sets of limit rod assemblies and screw drive devices, which are installed at different height positions on the inner wall of the boxed housing 1. The lithium battery limit fixing assembly 2 further includes two vertically arranged first limit plates 26 and two vertically arranged second limit plates. The first limit plates 26 are fixed between the two longitudinal limit rods 24 in the two sets of limit rod assemblies, and the second limit plates are fixed between the two transverse limit rods 23 in the two sets of limit rod assemblies. The widths of the first limit plates 26 and the second limit plates determine the specification range of the applicable cylindrical waste lithium batteries 100, that is, the diameter of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries 100 to be discharged is not greater than the width of the first limit plates 26 and not less than the width of the second limit plates. Therefore, try to make the width of the first limit plates 26 large enough and the width of the second limit plates as small as possible to meet the discharge treatment of cylindrical waste lithium batteries 100 with different diameters. Elastic rubber layers are provided on the inner end faces of the first limit plates 26 and the second limit plates, and the elastic rubber layers can make the outer wall of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries 100 more stable when being limited and fixed.

[0040] Screw mounting holes are provided at both ends of the two longitudinal limit rods 24 and the transverse limit rods 23. One end of one transverse drive screw 21 penetrates through the screw mounting holes at one end of the two longitudinal limit rods 24 respectively, and the other end of the same transverse drive screw 21 penetrates through the screw mounting holes at the other end of the two longitudinal limit rods 24 respectively. One end of one longitudinal drive screw 22 penetrates through the screw mounting holes at one end of the two transverse limit rods 23 respectively, and the other end of the same longitudinal drive screw 22 penetrates through the screw mounting holes at the other end of the two transverse limit rods 23 respectively. External threads with opposite directions are provided at both ends of the transverse drive screw 21 and the longitudinal drive screw 22. The internal threads provided in the screw mounting holes of the longitudinal limit rods 24 match the external threads provided at the corresponding positions on the transverse drive screw 21, and the internal threads provided in the screw mounting holes of the transverse limit rods 23 match the external threads provided at the corresponding positions on the longitudinal drive screw 22. Therefore, the two longitudinal limit rods 24 on the transverse drive screw 21 and the two transverse limit rods 23 on the longitudinal drive screw 22 can move relatively or away from each other under the drive of the drive motor 25.

[0041] The upper and lower end faces of the boxed housing 1 are respectively provided with an upper opening 14 and a lower opening 15. The battery positive connection component 3 is arranged in the upper opening 14 and is hingedly installed on the upper end face of the boxed housing 1. The battery negative connection component 4 is arranged in the lower opening 15 and is hingedly installed on the lower end face of the boxed housing 1.

[0042] Among them, the battery positive connection component 3 includes an upper end cover 31, a telescopic rod 32, a positive connection end 33, a shock-absorbing spring 34 and a positive discharge wire 37. The upper end cover 31 is hingedly installed on the upper end face of the boxed housing 1 and is rotated by a motor control to facilitate the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 to enter the interior of the boxed housing 1. The telescopic rod 32 is arranged through the center of the upper end cover 31 and is telescoped by a motor cylinder control. An insulating member 36 is fixedly installed or sleeved at the lower end of the telescopic rod 32. The positive connection end 33 is suspended directly below the telescopic rod 32 and a cylindrical blind hole 35 is provided on its upper end face. The upper end of the shock-absorbing spring 34 is sleeved outside the insulating member 36 and fixed on the outer wall of the insulating member 36. The lower end of the shock-absorbing spring 34 is arranged in the cylindrical blind hole 35 and fixed at the bottom of the cylindrical blind hole 35. One end of the positive discharge wire 37 is fixedly connected to the positive connection end 33, and the other end is fixedly connected to the discharge end.

[0043] The positive connection end 33 moves downward under the control of the telescopic rod 32 and finally contacts the positive electrode of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 located inside the lithium battery limit fixing component 2 to realize the connection of the positive electrode circuit of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100. The shock-absorbing spring 34 plays a role in buffering and reducing vibration, and the insulating member 36 plays an insulating role for the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 and the positive connection end 33.

[0044] Among them, the battery negative connection component 4 includes a lower end cover 41, a base 42, a negative connection end 43 and a negative discharge wire 48. The lower end cover 41 is hingedly installed on the lower end face of the boxed housing 1 and is rotated by a motor control to facilitate the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 to go out of the boxed housing 1 after discharging. The base 42 is fixed at the center of the upper end face of the lower end cover 41, and an elastic buffer sheet 47 is arranged between the base 42 and the lower end cover 41; the negative connection end 43 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end face of the base 42 through an insulating sheet 44, and a ring support 45 is arranged on the upper end face of the base 42 outside the negative connection end 43. A ring rubber shock-absorbing member 46 is arranged at the top of the ring support 45. One end of the negative discharge wire 48 is fixedly connected to the negative connection end 43, and the other end is fixedly connected to the discharge end.

[0045] When the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 falls into the boxed housing 1 from the upper end cover 31, the elastic buffer sheet 47 and the annular rubber shock absorber 46 can play a role in shock absorption, reducing the risk of damage to the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 and the negative electrode connection end 43 due to impact. Under the action of the self-weight of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 and the pressure of the telescopic rod 32, the annular rubber shock absorber 46 contracts and makes the negative electrode of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 contact with the negative electrode connection end 43, so as to realize the connection of the negative electrode circuit of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100.

[0046] The battery positive electrode connection assembly 3 and the battery negative electrode connection assembly 4 are respectively connected to the discharge end through wires (positive electrode discharge wire 37 and negative electrode discharge wire 48) and form a discharge circuit.

[0047] Pressure sensors are arranged at the connection between the telescopic rod 32 and the insulating member 36 and at the connection between the base 42 and the insulating sheet 44. A current sensor, a voltage sensor and a circuit control switch are installed in the discharge circuit. The pressure sensor, the current sensor, the voltage sensor and the circuit control switch are all connected to the discharge management system. The pressure sensor can monitor the connection of the positive and negative electrode circuits of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 to prevent damage to the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 and related connection components due to excessive pressure. The discharge management system monitors the power of the cylindrical waste lithium battery 100 in real time through the current sensor and the voltage sensor, and plays the role of closing the circuit and opening the open circuit for the discharge circuit through the circuit control switch.

[0048] The auxiliary feeding unit includes a number of feeding pipes, which correspond one by one to a number of densely arranged discharging devices. The end of the feeding pipe is arranged directly above the upper opening 14 of the boxed housing 1 of the discharging device. The cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials are transported to the boxed housing 1 of the discharging device of the discharging unit one by one through the auxiliary feeding unit. A lithium battery conveyor belt is arranged below the several discharging devices of the discharging unit. After the cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials are subjected to the discharging treatment of the discharging unit, they are then transported to the disassembling unit through the lithium battery conveyor belt for crushing and disassembling treatment.

[0049] In the metallurgical joint recovery device for waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention, the working steps of the discharging unit are as follows:

[0050] (1). In a certain discharging device of the discharging unit, first, the transverse transmission lead screw 21 and the longitudinal transmission lead screw 22 of the discharging device are both controlled by the transmission motor 25 to rotate and drive the two transverse limiting rods 23 and the two longitudinal limiting rods 24 to move away from each other to the maximum displacement; then, the lower end cover 41 of the battery negative electrode connection assembly 4 is rotated and kept closed by the motor control under the control of the discharging management system; finally, the upper end cover 31 of the battery positive electrode connection assembly 3 is rotated and opened by the motor control under the control of the discharging management system.

[0051] (2) The cylindrical used lithium battery 100 enters the interior of the boxed housing 1 of the discharging device through the upper opening 14 on the upper end surface of the boxed housing 1 via the auxiliary feeding unit and falls onto the annular rubber shock absorber 46 of the battery negative connection assembly 4 until it stabilizes.

[0052] (3) The horizontal transmission lead screw 21 and the vertical transmission lead screw 22 of the discharging device are both controlled by the transmission motor 25 to rotate and drive the two horizontal limit rods 23 and the two vertical limit rods 24 to move relatively, so that the cylindrical used lithium battery 100 located inside the boxed housing 1 is gradually adjusted to the center of the boxed housing 1 and fixed under the limiting and pushing of the first limiting plate 26 and the second limiting plate.

[0053] (4) The upper cover 31 of the battery positive connection assembly 3 of the discharging device rotates and remains closed under the control of the discharging management system through motor control; then, the positive connection end 33 of the battery positive connection assembly 3 moves downward under the control of the telescopic rod 32 and finally contacts the positive electrode of the cylindrical used lithium battery 100 located inside the lithium battery limiting and fixing assembly 2; finally, the positive connection end 33 continues to move downward under the control of the telescopic rod 32, pushing the cylindrical used lithium battery 100 to act on the annular rubber shock absorber 46 of the negative connection assembly 4, causing the annular rubber shock absorber 46 to contract and the negative connection end 43 of the negative connection assembly 4 to contact the negative electrode of the cylindrical used lithium battery 100, so that the battery positive connection assembly 3 and the battery negative connection assembly 4 are respectively connected to the discharging end through wires (positive discharging wire 37 and negative discharging wire 48) and form a discharging circuit.

[0054] (5) The discharging management system controls the closing of the circuit control switch to make the discharging circuit unobstructed; then, the discharging management system monitors the power of the cylindrical used lithium battery 100 in the discharging device in real time through the current sensor and the voltage sensor, and after its power drops to the predetermined threshold value, controls the circuit control switch to disconnect the discharging circuit.

[0055] (6) The lower cover 41 of the discharging device rotates and opens under the control of the discharging management system through motor control, so as to facilitate the cylindrical used lithium battery 100 to fall outside the boxed housing 1 and be conveyed to the disassembly unit by the lithium battery conveyor belt for crushing and disassembling treatment.

[0056] (7) Repeat the above steps (1)-(6) to continue the independent discharging treatment operation of the next cylindrical used lithium battery 100 in the discharging device of the discharging unit.

[0057] (8) Similarly, in several other densely arranged discharge devices of the discharge unit, the same operations as steps (1)-(7) are performed to achieve the successive independent discharge treatment of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries 100, thereby realizing the batch discharge treatment of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries 100.

[0058] A combined beneficiation and recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to the present invention can independently discharge cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials of different specifications and sizes through a discharge unit provided with a discharge management system and several densely arranged discharge devices. At the same time, an auxiliary feeding unit is provided to assist in feeding the cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials in the discharge unit, improving the feeding efficiency of the discharge treatment.

[0059] The combined beneficiation and recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention can independently feed and independently discharge, with automated operation and batch processing. The overall discharge efficiency is high, which can effectively improve the recycling efficiency and is safe and reliable.

[0060] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined beneficiation and smelting recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that, It includes an auxiliary feeding unit, a discharging unit, a disassembling unit, a low-temperature pyrolysis unit, a washing and classification unit, a magnetic separation unit, a reduction roasting unit, a water leaching unit and an acid leaching and impurity removal unit. The raw materials of waste lithium-ion batteries are sequentially processed through the auxiliary feeding unit, the discharging unit, the disassembling unit, the low-temperature pyrolysis unit, and the washing and classification unit to obtain a partial lithium-containing solution and particulate matter. The particulate matter is then subjected to magnetic separation and classification treatment by the magnetic separation unit to obtain graphite products and nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products. The graphite products are obtained as graphite products after graphite flotation; the nickel-cobalt-manganese-containing products are further subjected to reduction roasting treatment by the reduction roasting unit and lithium extraction treatment by water leaching in the water leaching unit to obtain another part of the lithium-containing solution and nickel-cobalt-manganese precipitates. The nickel-cobalt-manganese precipitates are obtained as nickel-cobalt-manganese products after being treated by the acid leaching and impurity removal unit; and the two parts of the lithium-containing solution obtained by the treatment are obtained as lithium products after being treated by the lithium impurity removal unit. The discharging unit includes a discharging management system and a number of densely arranged discharging devices. The discharging devices are used for fixing and limiting cylindrical waste lithium batteries and connecting the positive and negative electrodes for discharging. The discharging management system is used for real-time monitoring and management of the discharging conditions of the cylindrical waste lithium batteries in the discharging devices.

2. The beneficiation and smelting integrated recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharging device includes a box-shaped housing (1), a lithium battery limiting and fixing assembly (2), a battery positive electrode connecting assembly (3) and a battery negative electrode connecting assembly (4). The lithium battery limiting and fixing assembly (2) is installed inside the box-shaped housing (1) and includes a limiting rod assembly in a well-shaped structure. The four limiting rods of the limiting rod assembly are controlled to move relatively or towards each other through a screw drive device; upper openings (14) and lower openings (15) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the box-shaped housing (1). The battery positive electrode connecting assembly (3) is arranged in the upper opening (14) and is hingedly installed on the upper end face of the box-shaped housing (1). The battery negative electrode connecting assembly (4) is arranged in the lower opening (15) and is hingedly installed on the lower end face of the box-shaped housing (1); the battery positive electrode connecting assembly (3) and the battery negative electrode connecting assembly (4) are both connected to the discharging end through wires and form a discharging circuit. An ammeter, a voltmeter and a circuit control switch are installed in the discharging circuit and are all connected to the discharging management system.

3. The beneficiation and smelting combined recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, wherein The limiting rod assembly includes two mutually parallel horizontal limiting rods (23) and two mutually parallel vertical limiting rods (24). A linear adjustment slot hole (27) is provided in the vertical limiting rod (24). Both of the two horizontal limiting rods (23) penetrate through the linear adjustment slot holes (27) of the two vertical limiting rods (24) and form a cross-shaped structure. The screw rod transmission device includes two mutually parallel horizontal transmission screw rods (21) and two mutually parallel vertical transmission screw rods (22). The two horizontal transmission screw rods (21) are respectively arranged outside the two horizontal limiting rods (23), and both ends of the vertical limiting rod (24) are respectively installed on the two horizontal transmission screw rods (21). The two vertical transmission screw rods (22) are respectively arranged outside the two vertical limiting rods (24), and both ends of the horizontal limiting rod (23) are respectively installed on the two vertical transmission screw rods (22). The horizontal transmission screw rod (21) and the vertical transmission screw rod (22) are both controlled by a transmission motor (25) to rotate and drive the two horizontal limiting rods (23) and the two vertical limiting rods (24) to move relatively or towards each other.

4. The beneficiation and smelting combined recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 3, wherein, There are two sets of the limiting rod assembly and the screw rod transmission device, which are installed at different height positions on the inner wall of the box-shaped housing (1). The lithium battery limiting and fixing assembly (2) further includes two vertically arranged first limiting plates (26) and two vertically arranged second limiting plates. The first limiting plates (26) are fixed between the two vertical limiting rods (24) in the two sets of limiting rod assemblies, and the second limiting plates are fixed between the two horizontal limiting rods (23) in the two sets of limiting rod assemblies. Elastic rubber layers are provided on the inner side end faces of the first limiting plates (26) and the second limiting plates.

5. The beneficiation and smelting integrated recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 3, wherein, Screw rod installation holes are provided at both ends of the two vertical limiting rods (24) and the horizontal limiting rods (23). Both ends of one of the horizontal transmission screw rods (21) respectively penetrate through the screw rod installation holes at one end of the two vertical limiting rods (24), and both ends of the other horizontal transmission screw rod (21) respectively penetrate through the screw rod installation holes at the other end of the two vertical limiting rods (24). Both ends of one of the vertical transmission screw rods (22) respectively penetrate through the screw rod installation holes at one end of the two horizontal limiting rods (23), and both ends of the other vertical transmission screw rod (22) respectively penetrate through the screw rod installation holes at the other end of the two horizontal limiting rods (23). External threads with opposite directions are provided at both ends of the horizontal transmission screw rod (21) and the vertical transmission screw rod (22). The internal threads provided in the screw rod installation holes of the vertical limiting rod (24) match the external threads provided at the corresponding positions on the horizontal transmission screw rod (21), and the internal threads provided in the screw rod installation holes of the horizontal limiting rod (23) match the external threads provided at the corresponding positions on the vertical transmission screw rod (22).

6. The beneficiation and smelting combined recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, At the four right-angled corners of the inner wall of the boxed housing (1), corner platforms (12) are provided. L-shaped bases (13) are installed on the corner platforms (12). One end of the transverse drive screw (21) or the longitudinal drive screw (22) is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (25). The drive motor (25) is installed on one corner platform (12) or its L-shaped base (13). The other end of the transverse drive screw (21) or the longitudinal drive screw (22) is installed on the L-shaped base (13) of the adjacent other corner platform (12) through a bearing.

7. The beneficiation and smelting combined recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, wherein, The battery positive connection assembly (3) includes an upper end cover (31), a telescopic rod (32), a positive connection end (33), a shock-absorbing spring (34), and a positive discharge wire (37). The upper end cover (31) is hingedly installed on the upper end face of the boxed housing (1) and rotates through motor control; the telescopic rod (32) is disposed through the center of the upper end cover (31) and expands and contracts through motor cylinder control; an insulating member (36) is fixedly installed or sleeved at the lower end of the telescopic rod (32). The positive connection end (33) is suspended directly below the telescopic rod (32), and a cylindrical blind hole (35) is provided on its upper end face. The upper end of the shock-absorbing spring (34) is sleeved outside the insulating member (36) and fixed on the outer wall of the insulating member (36). The lower end of the shock-absorbing spring (34) is disposed in the cylindrical blind hole (35) and fixed at the bottom of the cylindrical blind hole (35); one end of the positive discharge wire (37) is fixedly connected to the positive connection end (33), and the other end is fixedly connected to the discharge end.

8. The beneficiation and smelting combined recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery negative connection assembly (4) includes a lower end cover (41), a base (42), a negative connection end (43), and a negative discharge wire (48). The lower end cover (41) is hingedly installed on the lower end face of the boxed housing (1) and rotates through motor control; the base (42) is fixed at the center of the upper end face of the lower end cover (41), and an elastic buffer sheet (47) is provided between the base (42) and the lower end cover (41); the negative connection end (43) is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end face of the base (42) through an insulating sheet (44). An annular support member (45) is provided on the upper end face of the base (42) outside the negative connection end (43). An annular rubber shock-absorbing member (46) is provided at the top of the annular support member (45); one end of the negative discharge wire (48) is fixedly connected to the negative connection end (43), and the other end is fixedly connected to the discharge end.

9. The beneficiation and smelting integrated recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, wherein, The auxiliary feeding unit includes a plurality of feeding pipes corresponding to a plurality of densely arranged discharging devices one by one. The end of the feeding pipe is disposed directly above the upper opening (14) of the boxed housing (1) of the discharging device. Cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials are conveyed into the boxed housing (1) of the discharging device one by one through the auxiliary feeding unit.

10. The beneficiation and smelting combined recycling device for waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, A lithium battery conveyor belt is provided below the plurality of discharging devices of the discharging unit. After the cylindrical waste lithium battery raw materials are subjected to discharging treatment by the discharging unit, they are then conveyed to the disassembly unit through the lithium battery conveyor belt for crushing and disassembling treatment.

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