EH torsion waveguide structure with single-layer structure, antenna and radar

Abstract

The invention provides an EH torsion waveguide structure with a single-layer structure, an antenna and a radar. The EH torsion waveguide structure comprises a PCB mainboard and a waveguide substrate. An E-plane waveguide groove is formed in one side of the waveguide substrate; the end part of the foundation wall is connected with a plurality of first magnetic conductor nail columns which are arranged at intervals; an extension space is defined on one side of the E-plane waveguide groove through the base wall and the first magnetic conductor nail column, and the extension space and the E-plane waveguide groove jointly form an E-plane waveguide cavity. The H-plane waveguide groove is composed of a waveguide substrate and two rows of second magnetic conductor nail columns which are arranged on the same side as the E-plane waveguide groove at intervals, one end of the H-plane waveguide groove is connected with the E-plane waveguide groove, the other end of the H-plane waveguide groove is an open end, and the H-plane waveguide groove and the PCB mainboard jointly define an H-plane waveguide cavity. The waveguide substrate and the magnetic conductor stud form the waveguide groove, and the waveguide groove is in butt joint with the PCB mainboard on the opposite side to jointly form the waveguide cavity, so that the waveguide cavity can be formed by only one layer of structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waveguides, and specifically, to a single-layer EH-twisted waveguide structure, antenna, and radar. Background Art

[0002] Waveguide slot antennas are antennas commonly used in navigation, radar, and other high-frequency systems. They are easy to manufacture, have low losses, and the radiated wave is a linearly polarized wave with very little cross polarization. Waveguide slot array antennas have many advantages such as a compact structure, light weight, good mechanical strength, large power capacity, high aperture efficiency, easy implementation of narrow beams, and high reliability.

[0003] In the field of automotive radar, waveguide antennas, especially waveguide antennas with a metallized plastic substrate surface, have gradually received extensive attention. In some current practical cases, a multi-layer structure is generally used for the design and manufacture of waveguide antennas, and the multi-layer structure is connected into an integral body to form a complete waveguide antenna. However, the design of the multi-layer structure also has problems such as a complex structure, high assembly accuracy requirements, and high manufacturing costs.

[0004] In another design concept, the antenna is designed as a single-layer structure, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the waveguide antenna. Since such a scheme requires the use of an H-plane waveguide transmission line and an H-plane waveguide slot antenna array, and uses multiple columns of magnetic conductor studs to increase the isolation performance between channels, the waveguide structure of this type of design occupies too much area, resulting in the difficulty of arranging multiple waveguide channels within the limited area of the automotive radar waveguide antenna.

[0005] The present invention proposes a single-layer EH-twisted waveguide conversion structure, enabling the transmission line to be designed in the form of an E-plane waveguide, and then connecting the H-plane waveguide slot antenna array through this EH-twisted waveguide conversion structure, thereby greatly reducing the occupied area of the waveguide structure and solving the problem of insufficient area for arranging multiple waveguide channels within the limited area of the waveguide antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-layer EH-twisted waveguide structure, antenna, and radar.

[0007] According to a single-layer EH-twisted waveguide structure provided by the present invention, it includes: a PCB main board 1, a waveguide substrate 3;

[0008] One side of the waveguide substrate 3 has an E-plane waveguide slot 21 and an H-plane waveguide slot 32, and a matching body 23 is provided between the E-plane waveguide slot 21 and the H-plane waveguide slot 32;

[0009] The PCB main board 1 is provided with a copper-clad PCB top surface 11;

[0010] The top surface 11 of the PCB is disposed opposite to the side of the waveguide substrate 3, and forms an E-plane waveguide cavity and an H-plane waveguide cavity with the E-plane waveguide slot 21 and the H-plane waveguide slot 32 respectively. The matching body 23 is located in both the E-plane waveguide cavity and the H-plane waveguide cavity at the same time;

[0011] The E-plane waveguide slot 21 is opened on the side of the waveguide substrate 3. The side wall has an extension portion in a direction away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is located, forming a base wall 24. The end of the base wall 24 is connected with a plurality of first magnetic conductor nail columns 22 arranged at intervals. An extension space is formed on one side of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 by the base wall 24 and the first magnetic conductor nail columns 22. The extension space and the E-plane waveguide slot 21 together form an E-plane waveguide cavity. The end of the E-plane waveguide cavity is open, forming an E-plane waveguide port P31. The E-plane waveguide port P31 is used to connect an E-plane waveguide transmission line or a waveguide interface structure of the same type. The other end of the E-plane waveguide cavity is connected to the H-plane waveguide slot 32;

[0012] The H-plane waveguide slot 32 is composed of the waveguide substrate 3 and two rows of second magnetic conductor nail columns 33 arranged at intervals. One end of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 is connected to the E-plane waveguide slot 21, and the other end is an open end forming an H-plane waveguide port P32. The H-plane waveguide port P32 is used to connect an H-plane waveguide transmission line or a waveguide slot antenna of the same type. The H-plane waveguide slot 32 and the PCB main board 1 together enclose and form an H-plane waveguide cavity.

[0013] Further, the H-plane waveguide slot 32 is bent at 90 degrees;

[0014] Further, the outer corner at the 90-degree bending position is an oblique structure. The oblique structure includes an obliquely arranged base wall 24 and a first magnetic conductor nail column 22 with one end connected to the end face of the base wall 24.

[0015] Further, the base wall 24 of the oblique structure is continuously formed with the base wall 24 on the same side of the E-plane waveguide slot 21.

[0016] Further, the central plane 321 of the H-plane waveguide slot at the part connected to the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is parallel to the central plane 31 of the E-plane waveguide slot.

[0017] Further, the single-layer EH-twist waveguide structure further includes: a partition wall 26;

[0018] The partition wall 26 is arranged on both sides of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 along the extending direction of the H-plane waveguide slot 32, and is located outside the first magnetic conductor nail column 22 and the second magnetic conductor nail column 33.

[0019] Further, an outer groove 25 is formed between the isolation wall 26 and the first magnetic conductor stud 22 and the second magnetic conductor stud 33.

[0020] Further, the end faces of the first magnetic conductor stud 22, the second magnetic conductor stud 33 and the isolation wall 26 are in contact connection with the PCB main board 1 or have a preset assembly gap.

[0021] An antenna according to the present invention includes the EH twisted waveguide structure of the single-layer structure.

[0022] A radar according to the present invention includes the antenna.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The E-plane waveguide to H-plane waveguide twisted waveguide structure provided by the present invention can connect the E-plane waveguide to the slot array antenna of the H-plane waveguide, form a waveguide slot through the waveguide substrate and the magnetic conductor stud, and dock with the PCB main board on the opposite side to jointly form a waveguide cavity, realizing that only one layer of structure is required to form a waveguide cavity, greatly reducing the overall size of the waveguide cavity and the waveguide antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] By reading the following detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the EH twisted waveguide structure;

[0027] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the waveguide substrate;

[0028] Figure 3 is a top view of the waveguide substrate;

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the E-plane waveguide of the EH twisted waveguide structure;

[0030] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the H-plane waveguide of the EH twisted waveguide structure;

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna;

[0032] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the waveguide interface structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, a single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure provided by the present invention includes: a PCB main board 1 and a waveguide substrate 3. The waveguide substrate 3 is only a single-layer structure, and together with the copper-clad PCB top surface 11 of the PCB main board 1, it encloses a waveguide cavity. The waveguide cavity is divided into an E-plane waveguide cavity and an H-plane waveguide cavity. One end of the waveguide cavity is an E-plane waveguide port P31 for connecting the same type of E-plane waveguide transmission line or waveguide interface structure, and the other end is an H-plane waveguide port P32 for connecting the same type of H-plane waveguide transmission line or waveguide slot antenna.

[0036] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, an E-plane waveguide slot 21 is opened on one side of the waveguide substrate 3. The long side of the cross-section of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is perpendicular to the PCB top surface 11, and the short side is parallel to the PCB top surface 11. The side wall of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 has an extension part in the direction away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is located, forming a base wall 24. A plurality of first magnetic conductor nail posts 22 arranged at intervals are connected to the end of the base wall 24. An extension space is enclosed on one side of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 by the base wall 24 and the first magnetic conductor nail posts 22. The extension space and the E-plane waveguide slot 21 together constitute the E-plane waveguide cavity.

[0037] One end of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is an open end for connecting a waveguide interface structure, and the other end is connected to the H-plane waveguide slot 32. The H-plane waveguide slot 32 is composed of the waveguide substrate 3 and two rows of second magnetic conductor nail posts 33 arranged at intervals on the same side as the E-plane waveguide slot 21. One end of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 is connected to the E-plane waveguide slot 21, and the other end is an open end for connecting a waveguide transmission line or a waveguide slot antenna. The H-plane waveguide slot 32 and the PCB top surface 11 together enclose the H-plane waveguide cavity.

[0038] The H-plane waveguide slot 32 is bent at 90 degrees. The outer corner at the 90-degree bending position is an oblique structure, which includes a base wall 24 arranged obliquely and a first magnetic conductor stud 22 with one end connected to the end face of the base wall 24. The H-plane waveguide slot center plane 321 of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 connected to the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is parallel to the E-plane waveguide slot center plane 31 of the E-plane waveguide slot 21. The base wall 24 of the oblique structure and the base wall 24 on the same side as the E-plane waveguide slot 21 are continuously formed to achieve the simplest structural design. A matching body 23 is provided at the connection between the E-plane waveguide slot 21 and the H-plane waveguide slot 32. The matching body 23 is located in both the E-plane waveguide cavity and the H-plane waveguide cavity to form an EH conversion of the signal polarization direction.

[0039] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the single-layer EH-twisted waveguide structure further includes: a partition wall 26. The partition wall 26 is arranged on both sides of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 along the extension direction of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 and is located outside the first magnetic conductor stud 22 and the second magnetic conductor stud 33. An outer groove 25 is formed between the partition wall 26 and the first magnetic conductor stud 22 and the second magnetic conductor stud 33 to further improve the shielding performance and the inter-channel isolation.

[0040] The lower half of the waveguide cavity is a base wall and arranged magnetic conductor studs, which further improves the electromagnetic shielding and together with the top surface of the PCB forms a waveguide cavity, while reducing the projected area of the waveguide transmission line and taking into account the isolation between multiple waveguide cavities.

[0041] In this way, the waveguide substrate 3 can be formed in a single layer and then assembled with the PCB. The end faces of the first magnetic conductor stud 22, the second magnetic conductor stud 33, and the partition wall 26 are in contact connection with or have a preset assembly gap with the top surface 11 of the PCB, and the assembly requirements are low, which can meet the requirements of mass production.

[0042] The above components can be made of metal or non-metal materials with metallized surfaces.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] As Figure 6 shown, the present invention further provides an antenna, which includes the single-layer EH-twisted waveguide structure of Embodiment 1, as well as a waveguide interface structure 2 and a waveguide slot antenna 4. The waveguide interface structure 2 can be continuously formed with the waveguide substrate 3, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0045] Combined Figure 7 shown, an E-plane waveguide slot 21 is provided on one side of the waveguide interface structure 2, and the E-plane waveguide slot 21 of the waveguide interface structure 2 is connected to the E-plane waveguide slot 21 of the waveguide substrate 3 as a whole.

[0046] The long side of the cross-section of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 of the waveguide interface structure 2 is perpendicular to the top surface 11 of the PCB, and the short side is parallel to the top surface 11 of the PCB. The E-plane (electric field plane) refers to the plane parallel to the electric field direction, while the H-plane (magnetic field plane) refers to the plane parallel to the magnetic field direction. The E-plane is usually parallel to the narrow wall, and the H-plane is parallel to the wide wall.

[0047] The number of the E-plane waveguide slots 21 of the waveguide interface structure 2 corresponds one-to-one with the waveguide holes 12, and the E-plane waveguide slots 21 can be straight or in a curved shape. By adopting different combinations of curved shapes, multiple E-plane waveguide cavities can be arranged within a limited area to correspond to the port sizes and layouts of different RF chips. The transmission direction of the E-plane waveguide cavity is parallel to the long side of the waveguide hole 12, so that more waveguide holes 12 can be further docked within the waveguide interface structure 2 of the limited space.

[0048] One end of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 of the waveguide interface structure 2 is a closed end with a closed end face. The closed end is arranged opposite to the waveguide hole 12, and a matching body 23 is arranged at the corner of the closed end to make the vertically transmitted waveguide hole 12 and the horizontally transmitted E-plane waveguide cavity match with a 90-degree twist, improving the signal transmission efficiency. The other end of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is an open end with an open end face, connecting to the E-plane waveguide slot 21 of the waveguide substrate 3. The matching body 23 can be stepped or bevel-shaped. The center line of the closed end of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is on the same straight line as the center line of the waveguide hole 12.

[0049] Similarly, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the side wall of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 of the waveguide interface structure 2 has an extension portion in a direction away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 is located, forming a base wall 24. A plurality of first magnetic conductor stud columns 22 arranged at intervals are connected to the end of the base wall 24. An extension space is formed on one side of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 by the base wall 24 and the first magnetic conductor stud columns 22, and the extension space and the E-plane waveguide slot 21 together form an E-plane waveguide cavity. The end face of the first magnetic conductor stud column 22 is in contact connection with the top surface 11 of the PCB or has a preset assembly gap, and a quite good electromagnetic shielding performance can be maintained. The isolation walls 26 are arranged on both sides of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 along the extension direction of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 and are located outside the base wall 24. A preset distance is provided between the isolation walls 26 and the base wall 24, forming an outer groove 25, which can further improve the electromagnetic shielding and the isolation degree between the E-plane waveguide cavities.

[0050] As Figure 7As shown, the waveguide slot antenna 4 is connected to the open end of the H-plane waveguide slot 32 of the waveguide substrate 3 and has a slot array. Among them, the periphery of the slot array is also surrounded by the second magnetic conductor stud 33 to form an antenna cavity with the PCB main board 1, and is connected to the H-plane waveguide cavity of the antenna cavity. Moreover, an isolation wall 26 is also provided on the periphery of the second magnetic conductor stud 33 of the slot array. The continuous forming structure in which the EH-twisted waveguide structure, the waveguide interface structure 2, and the waveguide slot antenna 4 are connected. Similarly, an outer groove 25 can also be provided between the isolation wall 26 of the waveguide slot antenna 4 and the second magnetic conductor stud 33, and the isolation walls 26 and the outer groove 25 of the three can also be an integrated structure.

[0051] Each waveguide component can be continuously formed to form a multi-channel waveguide slot antenna with a single-layer structure, which has a compact structure, excellent performance, and is simple and fast in processing and assembly.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0053] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure, characterized in that, Comprising: A PCB main board (1) and a waveguide substrate (3); One side of the waveguide substrate (3) has an E-plane waveguide slot (21) and an H-plane waveguide slot (32), and a matching body (23) is arranged between the E-plane waveguide slot (21) and the H-plane waveguide slot (32); The PCB main board (1) is provided with a copper-clad PCB top surface (11), and the PCB top surface (11) is arranged opposite to the side of the waveguide substrate (3). Inside the E-plane waveguide cavity and the H-plane waveguide cavity formed respectively with the E-plane waveguide slot (21) and the H-plane waveguide slot (32), the matching body (23) is simultaneously located inside the E-plane waveguide cavity and the H-plane waveguide cavity; The E-plane waveguide slot (21) is opened on the side of the waveguide substrate (3). The side wall has an extension part in a direction away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide slot (21) is located, forming a base wall (24). The end of the base wall (24) is connected with a plurality of first magnetic conductor stud columns (22) arranged at intervals. An extension space is formed on one side of the E-plane waveguide slot (21) by the base wall (24) and the first magnetic conductor stud columns (22). The extension space and the E-plane waveguide slot (21) together form an E-plane waveguide cavity. The end of the E-plane waveguide cavity is open, forming an E-plane waveguide port P31. The E-plane waveguide port P31 is used to connect to the same type of E-plane waveguide transmission line or waveguide interface structure. The other end of the E-plane waveguide cavity is connected to the H-plane waveguide slot (32); The H-plane waveguide slot (32) is composed of the waveguide substrate (3) and two rows of second magnetic conductor stud columns (33) arranged at intervals. One end of the H-plane waveguide slot (32) is connected to the E-plane waveguide slot (21), and the other end is an open end forming an H-plane waveguide port P32. The H-plane waveguide port P32 is used to connect to the same type of H-plane waveguide transmission line or waveguide slot antenna. The H-plane waveguide slot (32) and the PCB main board (1) together enclose an H-plane waveguide cavity.

2. The single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure according to claim 1, wherein The H-plane waveguide slot (32) is arranged in a 90-degree bend.

3. The single-layer EH torsional waveguide structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer corner at the 90-degree bend position is an oblique structure, and the oblique structure includes an obliquely arranged base wall (24) and a first magnetic conductor stud column (22) with one end connected to the end face of the base wall (24).

4. The single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base wall (24) of the oblique structure is continuously formed with the base wall (24) on the same side of the E-plane waveguide slot (21).

5. The single-layer EH torsional waveguide structure according to claim 2, characterized in that The central plane (321) of the H-plane waveguide slot at the part connected to the E-plane waveguide slot (21) is parallel to the central plane (31) of the E-plane waveguide slot.

6. The single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-layer EH-twist waveguide structure further includes: a partition wall (26); The partition wall (26) is arranged on both sides of the H-plane waveguide slot (32) along the extending direction of the H-plane waveguide slot (32), and is located outside the first magnetic conductor stud columns (22) and the second magnetic conductor stud columns (33).

7. The EH torsion waveguide structure with a single-layer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outer groove (25) is formed between the partition wall (26) and the first magnetic conductor stud columns (22) and the second magnetic conductor stud columns (33).

8. The single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end faces of the first magnetic conductor stud (22), the second magnetic conductor stud (33), and the partition wall (26) are in contact connection with the PCB main board (1) or have a preset assembly gap.

9. An antenna, characterized in that, It includes the single-layer EH torsion waveguide structure according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A radar, characterized in that, It includes the antenna according to claim 9.

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