Broadband high-power transceiver circuit and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband high-power transmitting and receiving circuit and device, and belongs to the field of radio frequency microwaves. When the circuit works in a transmitting state, a radio frequency signal enters from a transmitting input port, enters a power amplifier I and a power amplifier II through a bridge I, enters a bridge II after being amplified by the power amplifier I and the power amplifier II, and is transmitted to a power amplifier II; the load I and the load II are respectively connected to the isolation ends of the electric bridge I and the electric bridge II so as to ensure port impedance matching of the electric bridges; when the radio frequency signal is synthesized into the maximum power through the second bridge and then enters the straight-through port of the high-power coupler for power output, the high-power coupler is in an emission coupling state at the moment, the third load is connected to the output port of the emission coupling branch of the high-power coupler, and the coupled emission signal is absorbed by the third load. And the receiving link is an isolation end of the coupling branch. The problem of receiving and transmitting passive switching of the high-power receiving and transmitting assembly under the ultra wide band can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency and microwave, and more specifically, to a broadband high-power transceiver circuit and device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of technology, there has been an increasing demand for systems with broadband and high power. To achieve broadband transceiver, for frequency ratios within 3 times (such as 2 - 6 GHz, 6 - 18 GHz, etc.), a circulator can be used for transceiver isolation control. However, when it comes to high-power transceiver components in frequency bands exceeding 3 times, such as 2 - 18 GHz, 2 - 12 GHz, 2 - 8 GHz, etc., the traditional solution can only use high-power switches. There are three types of high-power switches: one is a high-power mechanical switch, a high-power PIN electronic switch, and a high-power GaN switch. Their disadvantages are as follows: First, although the high-power mechanical switch has very low insertion loss, its volume is too large, and its response speed is very slow at the ms level, making it impossible to achieve miniaturized integration. Second, although the high-power PIN switch has low insertion loss and strong power tolerance, its volume is large, its response time is at the us level, and it requires a very high negative voltage supply, such as -40V, -60V, or even -150V. It also has problems such as difficulty in miniaturization leading to high integration difficulty, high negative voltage consuming resources, and slow switching response speed. Third, the high-power GaN switch has a small volume, but its insertion loss is generally greater than 1 dB, it requires a -40V power supply, has a small power capacity, and is prone to burnout, and there are also many risks in high-power TR component applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a broadband high-power transceiver circuit and device, which has the advantages of low cost, miniaturization, easy integration, and no power supply, and can solve the problem of passive switching of high-power transceiver components under ultra-wideband.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

[0005] A broadband high-power transceiver circuit includes a transmitting link and a receiving link;

[0006] When operating in the transmitting state, the radio frequency signal enters from the transmitting input port, passes through Hybrid 1 and enters Power Amplifier 1 and Power Amplifier 2. After being amplified by Power Amplifier 1 and Power Amplifier 2, the signal enters Hybrid 2 for power combination. Load 1 and Load 2 are respectively connected to the isolation ports of Hybrid 1 and Hybrid 2 to ensure the port impedance matching of the hybrids. When the radio frequency signal is combined into the maximum power through Hybrid 2, it enters the through port of the high-power coupler for power output. At this time, the high-power coupler is in the transmitting coupling state. Load 3 is connected to the output port of the transmitting coupling branch of the high-power coupler, and the coupled transmitting signal is absorbed by Load 3. The receiving link is the isolation end of the coupling branch;

[0007] When working in the receiving state, the transmitting link is powered off. The RF signal enters Bridge II through the through port of the high-power coupler. Bridge II is in a four-port matching state, and the RF signal will not enter Power Amplifier I and Power Amplifier II in the reverse direction. At this time, the receiving link is the output port of the coupling branch of the high-power coupler, and Load III is the isolation end of the coupling branch. The RF signal enters from the receiving input port of the high-power coupler and enters the receiving link through the coupling of the high-power coupler.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a limiter and a low-noise amplifier. After the RF signal enters the receiving link through the coupling of the high-power coupler, it passes through the limiter and the low-noise amplifier, and then the received signal is effectively amplified and output.

[0009] Furthermore, both Bridge I and Bridge II are 3dB bridges.

[0010] Furthermore, Load I, Load II, and Load III are all 50Ω loads.

[0011] An electronic device is provided with the broadband high-power transceiver circuit described in any one of the above.

[0012] An electronic system includes the electronic device described above.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, a new circuit structure is proposed. Among them, a high-power coupler is used to replace the function of the circulator, and the design of the final power amplifier circuit, etc. are applied in a transceiver system with ultra-wideband (more than 3 times the initial frequency), high power, and real-time switching requirements. It can solve the problem of transceiver common aperture, and the system reliability of this circuit implementation method is high, and no additional negative voltage supply is required. The power capacity is large, and the power can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The implementation difficulty of the system applying the present invention is relatively low and the reliability is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 It is the circuit principle block diagram of the present invention;

[0017] In the figure, 1 is Bridge One, 2 is Bridge Two, 3 is Power Amplifier One, 4 is Power Amplifier Two, 5 is Load One, 6 is Load Two, 7 is Load Three, 8 is High-Power Coupler, 9 is Limiter, and 10 is Low-Noise Amplifier. Specific Embodiment

[0018] All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all steps in any method or process implicitly disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined and / or extended, replaced in any way.

[0019] The technical concept of the present invention is as follows: It aims to design a high-power transceiver circuit with low cost, miniaturization, easy integration, and no power supply to solve the problem of passive switching of high-power transceiver components under ultra-wideband. In a preferred embodiment, a novel broadband transceiver circuit is specifically proposed, and its circuit principle is as Figure 1 shown. The broadband transceiver circuit includes Bridge One 1, Bridge Two 2, Power Amplifier One 3, Power Amplifier Two 4, Load One 5, Load Two 6, Load Three 7, High-Power Coupler 8, Limiter 9, and Low-Noise Amplifier 10. Among them, both Bridge One 1 and Bridge Two 2 are 3dB bridges.

[0020] Furthermore, there are a transmitting link and a receiving link in the broadband transceiver circuit. When the broadband transceiver circuit operates in the transmitting state, the radio frequency signal enters from the transmitting input port, passes through the 3dB Bridge One and enters Power Amplifier One 3 and Power Amplifier Two 4. After the signal is amplified by these two power amplifiers, it enters the 3dB Bridge Two 2 for power combination. Among them, Load One 5 and Load Two 6 are respectively connected to the isolation ports of Bridge One 1 and Bridge Two 2 to ensure the port impedance matching of the bridges. When the radio frequency signal synthesizes the maximum power through the 3dB Bridge Two 2 and then enters the through port of the High-Power Coupler 8 for power output, at this time, the High-Power Coupler 8 is in the transmitting coupling state, and Load Three 7 is connected to the output port of the transmitting coupling branch of the High-Power Coupler 8. The transmitted signal after coupling will be absorbed by Load Three 7, and the receiving link is the isolation port of the coupling branch.

[0021] When the broadband transceiver circuit operates in the receiving state, the transmitting link is powered off. The radio frequency signal passes through the through port and enters the 3dB Bridge Two 2. The 3dB Bridge Two 2 is in a four-port matching state, and the radio frequency signal will not enter Power Amplifier One 3 and Power Amplifier Two 4 in the reverse direction. At this time, the receiving link is the output port of the coupling branch of the High-Power Coupler 8, and Load Three 7 is the isolation port of the coupling branch. The radio frequency signal enters from the receiving input port of the High-Power Coupler 8, enters the receiving link through the coupling of the High-Power Coupler 8, and after passing through the Limiter 9 and the Low-Noise Amplifier 10, the effective amplification of the received signal is achieved.

[0022] The working principle of the present invention is described as follows: The main function of the high-power coupler here is to transmit high power output and receive incoming signals, and couple them into the component receiving link, playing a role similar to that of a circulator. Moreover, the isolation degree between transmission and reception is the same as that of the coupler, generally exceeding the index of the circulator. The transmitted signal enters the high-power transmission part of the transceiver circuit from the transmission input. The high-power transmission part needs to adopt a balanced structure, and use all-matched networks such as 90° hybrid couplers, 180° hybrid couplers, magic Ts, etc. to achieve power combining and power amplification. When the received signal enters from the transmission output port, the through port is in a matched state, so that the received signal will not enter the power amplifier. If a power amplifier with a balanced structure is not implemented using all-matched networks such as 90° hybrid couplers, 180° hybrid couplers, magic Ts, etc. and is directly interconnected with a single power amplifier, since the output standing wave of the power amplifier is generally very poor, mostly above 3, and even reaching about 10, a large amount of received signals will be reflected back to the reception input port after the standing wave exceeds 3. In this way, the received signal entering the coupling port of the receiver, that is, the isolation port of the coupler, will be very small, and there will also be a pit section above 10 dBc on the curve of the receiving channel, affecting the reception sensitivity and flatness. The transmitted signal is directly output through the through port of the high-power directional coupler, and the received signal enters the receiving channel through the transmission output port. The received signal enters the high-power coupler from the reception input port. The through port of the high-power coupler is connected to a 50Ω matching load of the hybrid coupler. Most of the received signals will be absorbed by the through matching load, and a part of the signals will enter the isolation port and coupling port of the coupler through the coupler. Since the coupling port is connected with a matching load, it is also absorbed. Another part of the signals will enter the isolation port of the coupler and be output from the isolation port. At this time, if the isolation port is considered from the reception input end of the coupler, it is the received coupling port. The coupling degree of the coupler is the loss of the received signal, that is, the noise figure of the first-stage device of the receiving circuit. Generally, the coupling degree of this type of coupler is above 10 dB. Therefore, the noise figure of this type of coupler used for reception is relatively high, and the noise figure index must be greater than the coupling degree of the coupler. Since the bandwidth of the coupler can be made very wide, and as a passive device, as long as the power capacity is designed sufficiently, the power level can also be made very high, which can be much higher than that of the circulator and high-power switch. Therefore, the reliability is very high, and it does not require power supply. Further, the advantages of the technical solution of this embodiment are compared and verified as shown in Table 1:

[0023] Table 1 Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages between the solution of this embodiment and the prior art

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] It should be noted that within the scope of protection defined in the claims of the present invention, the following embodiments can all be combined and / or extended, replaced in any logical manner from the above specific implementation manners, such as the disclosed technical principles, disclosed technical features or implicitly disclosed technical features, etc.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] A broadband high-power transceiver circuit, as Figure 1 shown, includes: a transmitting link and a receiving link; wherein, when operating in the transmitting state, the radio frequency signal enters from the transmitting input port, passes through the first hybrid coupler 1 and enters the first power amplifier 3 and the second power amplifier 4. After being amplified by the first power amplifier 3 and the second power amplifier 4, the signal enters the second hybrid coupler 2 for power combination. The first load 5 and the second load 6 are respectively connected to the isolation ports of the first hybrid coupler 1 and the second hybrid coupler 2 to ensure the port impedance matching of the hybrid couplers; when the radio frequency signal is combined into the maximum power through the second hybrid coupler 2 and enters the through port of the high-power coupler 8 for power output, at this time the high-power coupler 8 is in the transmitting coupling state, the third load 7 is connected to the output port of the transmitting coupling branch of the high-power coupler 8, and the coupled transmitting signal is absorbed by the third load 7. The receiving link is the isolation port of the coupling branch;

[0029] When operating in the receiving state, the transmitting link is in the power-off state. The radio frequency signal enters the second hybrid coupler 2 through the through port of the high-power coupler 8. The second hybrid coupler 2 is in the four-port matching state, and the radio frequency signal will not enter the first power amplifier 3 and the second power amplifier 4 in the reverse direction; at this time, the receiving link is the output port of the coupling branch of the high-power coupler 8, and the third load 7 is the isolation port of the coupling branch; the radio frequency signal enters from the receiving input port of the high-power coupler 8 and enters the receiving link through the coupling of the high-power coupler 8.

[0030] Embodiment 2

[0031] Based on Embodiment 1, it further includes a limiter 9 and a low-noise amplifier 10; after the radio frequency signal enters the receiving link through the coupling of the high-power coupler 8, it passes through the limiter 9 and the low-noise amplifier 10, and the received signal is effectively amplified and then output.

[0032] Embodiment 3

[0033] Based on Embodiment 1, both the first hybrid coupler 1 and the second hybrid coupler 2 are 3dB hybrid couplers.

[0034] Embodiment 4

[0035] Based on Embodiment 1, the first load 5, the second load 6 and the third load 7 are all 50Ω loads.

[0036] Embodiment 5

[0037] An electronic device is provided with a broadband high-power transceiver circuit as described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0038] Embodiment 6

[0039] An electronic system includes the electronic device described in Embodiment 5.

[0040] The specific implementation manners of the present invention are not limited to the above manners. The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Various obvious changes, adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only. Without departing from the principles and concepts of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broadband high-power transceiver circuit, characterized in that Comprising: A transmitting link and a receiving link; When operating in the transmitting state, the RF signal enters from the transmitting input port, passes through Hybrid Coupler 1 and enters Power Amplifier 1 and Power Amplifier 2. After being amplified by Power Amplifier 1 and Power Amplifier 2, the signal enters Hybrid Coupler 2 for power combination. Load 1 and Load 2 are respectively connected to the isolation ports of Hybrid Coupler 1 and Hybrid Coupler 2 to ensure the port impedance matching of the hybrid couplers. When the RF signal is combined into the maximum power through Hybrid Coupler 2, it enters the through port of the high-power coupler for power output. At this time, the high-power coupler is in the transmitting coupling state, and Load 3 is connected to the output port of the transmitting coupling branch of the high-power coupler. The coupled transmitting signal is absorbed by Load 3, and the receiving link is the isolation port of the coupling branch; When operating in the receiving state, the transmitting link is powered off. The RF signal enters Hybrid Coupler 2 through the through port of the high-power coupler. Hybrid Coupler 2 is in a four-port matching state, and the RF signal will not enter Power Amplifier 1 and Power Amplifier 2 in the reverse direction. At this time, the receiving link is the output port of the coupling branch of the high-power coupler, and Load 3 is the isolation port of the coupling branch. The RF signal enters from the receiving input port of the high-power coupler and enters the receiving link through the coupling of the high-power coupler.

2. The broadband high-power transceiver circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a limiter and a low-noise amplifier. After the RF signal enters the receiving link through the coupling of the high-power coupler, it passes through the limiter and the low-noise amplifier to effectively amplify the received signal and then output it.

3. The broadband high-power transceiver circuit according to claim 1, wherein Both Hybrid Coupler 1 and Hybrid Coupler 2 are 3dB hybrid couplers.

4. The broadband high-power transceiver circuit according to claim 1, wherein Load 1, Load 2, and Load 3 are all 50Ω loads.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, There is provided a broadband high-power transceiver circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. An electronic system, characterized in that, Including the electronic device described in claim 5.

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