Evaluation method and system for low-altitude Internet of Things system

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-altitude Internet of Things system evaluation method and system. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out digital gridding segmentation on a to-be-evaluated airspace by using an airspace digital grid subdivision form; the airborne terminal is used for sampling RSRP and SINR data in each space grid and transmitting the RSRP and SINR data to the evaluation terminal; acquiring aircraft positioning information by using the airborne terminal and transmitting the aircraft positioning information to the evaluation terminal; when the aircraft enters one space grid, an evaluation terminal is connected with the base station to obtain a sensing result of the base station to the aircraft; and the evaluation terminal performs processing and analysis based on all the collected data to form communication signal quality and sensing results in each space grid. The system comprises an aircraft, an airborne terminal and an evaluation terminal, the airborne terminal is mounted in the aircraft; the evaluation terminal is located on the ground. According to the method, the quality of the 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network can be evaluated, and a basis is provided for airspace sensing and communication network planning and network optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to measurement technology, and particularly to an evaluation method and system for the functions and performance of a low-altitude intelligent networking system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and the expansion of its application fields, the monitoring and management of low-altitude airspace have become increasingly important. To ensure the safety and efficiency of low-altitude airspace, it is necessary to deploy communication, navigation, and surveillance equipment on the ground to form a complete low-altitude intelligent networking facility network for realizing communication, surveillance, guidance, tracking of low-altitude flying targets, and air traffic management. The 5G-A network, through its integrated communication and sensing capabilities, enables communication base stations to not only provide communication services but also perform environmental perception, achieving multiple functions with one network. This technology realizes the integrated communication and sensing capabilities in a single system, providing a more reliable guarantee for the development and utilization of low-altitude resources.

[0003] However, there is currently no suitable method for evaluating the effective coverage range and network signal quality of the 5G-A integrated communication and sensing network. Most of the existing technologies only evaluate a single functional index in the integrated communication and sensing network and only adopt the single-end evaluation method on the ground or on the aircraft side.

[0004] For example, in Patent CN106415299B (System and Method for High-Reliability Surveillance of Aircraft), it is mentioned that an aircraft-borne GNSS receiver is used to receive GNSS navigation signals and the position information is broadcast via an aircraft-borne air-ground data link. The evaluation results depend on the performance of the aircraft-borne receiver, the integrity and accuracy of the data, and the information may not always be available or difficult to provide a sufficient confidence level.

[0005] Another example is Patent CN118175002A (Remote Surveillance System for UAV Flight Tests Based on SNMP). An SNMP management program is deployed in a remote computer, and an SNMP agent program and an integrated control program are deployed in a technical position computer. The parameters of the SNMP agent program are periodically queried and stored through the SNMP interface. In this way, the monitoring of the UAV's own state is realized, but it is difficult to be used for the evaluation of ground communication, navigation, and surveillance equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an evaluation method and system for a low-altitude intelligent networking system, which can evaluate the quality of the 5G-A integrated communication and sensing network and provide a basis for the planning and optimization of the airspace sensing network.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for evaluating a low-altitude intelligent networking system, which digitally grid-divides the airspace to be evaluated in the form of an airspace digital grid division; samples the RSRP and SINR data in each spatial grid by using an airborne terminal and transmits them to an evaluation terminal; obtains the aircraft positioning information by using the airborne terminal and transmits it to the evaluation terminal; whenever the aircraft enters a spatial grid, connects to the base station by using the evaluation terminal to obtain the perception result of the base station on the aircraft; and the evaluation terminal processes and analyzes all the collected data to form the communication signal quality and perception result in each spatial grid.

[0008] The above method for evaluating a low-altitude intelligent networking system includes:

[0009] 1) Digitally grid-divide the airspace to be evaluated in the form of an airspace digital grid division, and synchronize the grid division result to the airborne terminal and the evaluation terminal;

[0010] 2) The evaluation terminal sends a flight control signal to the aircraft to control the aircraft to fly in a certain direction from the vertical line of the base station at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated. During the flight, the airborne terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data until the aircraft flies to the boundary of the base station signal coverage area, records the spatial grid code or precise RTK position at this time, and the radius from the center of the circle; the projection of the base station on the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated is the center of the circle;

[0011] 3) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to fly in a circular motion around the center of the circle at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated with the radius recorded in step 2). During the flight, the airborne terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data, measures the RSRP and SINR data in the spatial grid corresponding to the entire arc boundary, records the data and transmits it to the evaluation terminal; at the same time, whenever the aircraft enters a new spatial grid, the evaluation terminal connects to the base station, obtains the perception result of the base station on the aircraft and makes a record;

[0012] 4) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to fly in a circular motion at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated with the radius shrinking one grid towards the center of the circle. During the flight, the airborne terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data, measures the RSRP and SINR data in the spatial grid corresponding to the circumference, records the data and transmits it to the evaluation terminal; at the same time, whenever the aircraft enters a new spatial grid, the evaluation terminal connects to the base station, obtains the perception result of the base station on the aircraft and makes a record;

[0013] 5) Gradually shrink the radius towards the center of the circle, and repeat step 4) until all the spatial grids at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated are measured;

[0014] 6) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to descend one grid, and repeats steps 2) to 5) at the next altitude layer to complete the measurement of all the spatial grids at this altitude layer;

[0015] 7) Repeat step 6) until the measurement of the signal coverage of all base stations is completed;

[0016] 8) The evaluation terminal processes and analyzes based on all the collected data, forms the communication signal quality and sensing results in each spatial grid, and presents them. Furthermore, the 5G-A communication and sensing integrated network can be optimized based on this data.

[0017] During the entire measurement process, the airborne terminal obtains the high-precision positioning information of the aircraft in real time and transmits it to the evaluation terminal through a wireless data transmission link. The high-precision positioning information includes the longitude, latitude, altitude, and timestamp of the aircraft. The high-precision positioning information is used to accurately record the position and flight trajectory of the aircraft in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the measurement data can be accurately corresponding to specific airspace grids.

[0018] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a low-altitude intelligent network system evaluation system, including an aircraft, an airborne terminal, and an evaluation terminal; the airborne terminal is installed inside the aircraft; the evaluation terminal is located on the ground; the evaluation terminal controls the flight of the aircraft through flight control signals; the airborne terminal collects RSRP and SINR data of the airspace to be evaluated and transmits them to the evaluation terminal; the airborne terminal obtains the positioning information of the aircraft and transmits it to the evaluation terminal; the evaluation terminal obtains the sensing result of the base station on the aircraft, and processes and analyzes based on all the collected data to form the communication signal quality and sensing result of the airspace to be evaluated.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1) The low-altitude intelligent network system evaluation method of the present invention uses a digital grid dissection form to digitally divide the airspace, forming a basis for spatial representation. By adjusting the fineness of the spatial grid division, measurement and evaluation results corresponding to the fineness can be formed, which is more suitable for evaluating low-altitude scene networks with three-dimensional characteristics;

[0021] 2) The low-altitude intelligent network system evaluation method of the present invention first determines the measurement boundary, measures the parameter indicators in units of spatial grids, reduces the measurement workload while ensuring the continuity of the test, and makes the signal acquisition more comprehensive and simple;

[0022] 3) The low-altitude intelligent network system evaluation method of the present invention forms a test loop of aircraft (airborne terminal)-5G-A communication and sensing integrated base station-evaluation terminal by installing a measurement module on the aircraft and installing remote control and data transmission devices on the evaluation terminal, which is different from the traditional method that only relies on the ground side and obtains more reliable results;

[0023] 4) The low-altitude intelligent networking system evaluation system of the present invention has a highly integrated terminal design, which is more convenient for actual measurement operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The low-altitude intelligent networking system evaluation method and system of the present invention are given by the following embodiments and drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the low-altitude intelligent networking system evaluation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the aircraft and the airborne terminal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the evaluation terminal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the grid division result of the airspace to be evaluated in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement at a certain altitude layer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-coverage of the sensing signals of two base stations. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The following will further describe in detail Figures 1 to 6 the low-altitude intelligent networking system evaluation method and system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the low-altitude intelligent networking system evaluation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the aircraft and the airborne terminal in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the evaluation terminal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the low-altitude intelligent networking system evaluation system of this embodiment includes an aircraft, an airborne terminal, and an evaluation terminal; the airborne terminal is installed inside the aircraft; the evaluation terminal is located on the ground, and the evaluation terminal is connected to the airborne terminal through a wireless data transmission link, and the evaluation terminal is connected to the aircraft through a wireless control link.

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, the aircraft includes a remote control receiver that receives flight control signals (wireless control link) from the evaluation terminal;

[0035] The airborne terminal includes a data transmission module, an RTK positioning module, a communication module, a large-capacity storage module, a central control module, and an altimeter; the communication module is used to receive the sensing signals (communication signals and sensing signals) of the 5G-A integrated sensing base station (hereinafter referred to as the "base station"); the RTK positioning module and the altimeter are used for high-precision positioning of the aircraft and real-time recording of the four-dimensional spatio-temporal information of the aircraft; the data transmission module is used to transmit the measurement data back to the evaluation terminal; the large-capacity storage module is used for data recording in case of interruption of the wireless data transmission link; the airborne terminal is also loaded with test software, which is used to control the aircraft to fly autonomously according to the preset flight path and measurement tasks, and at the same time trigger each module to collect and record data, ensuring the automation and standardization of the measurement process; the central control module is used to coordinate the communication and data interaction between each module, real-time monitor the state of the aircraft and the execution of the measurement tasks, and make task adjustments or exception handling when necessary, to ensure the stable operation of the entire airborne terminal.

[0036] As Figure 3 shown, the evaluation terminal includes a central control module, a communication module, a data transmission module, a remote control module, a display module, a data export interface, and a large-capacity storage module; the remote control module is used to send flight control signals to the aircraft; the data transmission module is connected to the data transmission module of the airborne terminal through a wireless data transmission link to receive the measurement data transmitted back by the airborne terminal; the communication module is used to connect to the base station to obtain the sensing results (sensing signals) of the base station for the aircraft; the large-capacity storage module is used for data recording in case of interruption of the wireless data transmission link; the evaluation terminal is also loaded with test software, which is used to plan flight tasks, set measurement parameters, start and stop data collection, and perform preliminary processing and analysis on the collected data; the central control module is used to coordinate the communication and data interaction between each module, real-time monitor the state of the aircraft and the execution of the measurement tasks, receive and process data from the airborne terminal and the base station, and make task adjustments or exception handling when necessary, to ensure the stable operation of the entire evaluation terminal and the efficiency of data processing.

[0037] The measurement data is the data transmitted from the airborne terminal to the evaluation terminal, including RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) and SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) data, as well as data such as the high-precision positioning information of the aircraft. The RSRP data is used to evaluate the coverage intensity of the base station signal in each spatial grid and reflects the signal reception quality; the SINR data is used to measure the availability of the base station signal in an interference environment and is an important indicator for evaluating the communication link performance; the high-precision positioning information of the aircraft is provided by the RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) positioning module and altimeter, including the longitude, latitude, altitude, and timestamp of the aircraft, which is used to accurately record the position and flight trajectory of the aircraft in three-dimensional space to ensure that the measurement data can be accurately corresponding to specific airspace grids. These data together constitute the basis for evaluating the communication signal quality and sensing results of the low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system (5G-A communication and sensing integrated network), providing detailed and accurate basis for the planning and optimization of the airspace network.

[0038] The evaluation method of the low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system in this embodiment includes:

[0039] 1) Use the form of digital grid dissection of the airspace (such as Beidou grid code, GeoSot, etc.) to digitally grid-divide the airspace to be evaluated, and synchronize the grid dissection results to the airborne terminal and the evaluation terminal, such as Figure 4 ;

[0040] The airspace to be evaluated is the coverage range of the base station's communication and sensing signal;

[0041] 2) The evaluation terminal sends flight control signals to the aircraft (such as an unmanned aerial vehicle), controlling the aircraft to fly in a certain direction from the vertical line of the base station at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated. During the flight, the airborne terminal continuously samples network evaluation data such as RSRP and SINR data until the aircraft flies to the boundary of the base station signal coverage range, and records the spatial grid code (or precise RTK position) and the radius from the center of the circle at this time, such as Figure 5 in (a);

[0042] The projection of the base station on the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated is the center of the circle;

[0043] The RSRP and SINR data collected by the airborne terminal, as well as the recorded spatial grid code (or precise RTK position) and the radius from the center of the circle, are transmitted to the evaluation terminal through a wireless data transmission link;

[0044] 3) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to fly in a circular path around the center at the radius recorded in step 2) at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated. During the flight, the on-board terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data, measures the RSRP and SINR data within the spatial grid corresponding to the entire arc boundary, and records and transmits these data to the evaluation terminal. At the same time, whenever the aircraft enters a new spatial grid, the evaluation terminal connects to the base station through the communication module, obtains the perception result of the aircraft by the base station (i.e., the perception signal), and records the perception result, as Figure 5 shown in (b) of

[0045] The perception result includes, but is not limited to, the position information, speed information, signal strength information of the aircraft, and other data related to the base station's perception ability. The perception result is combined with the sampled RSRP and SINR data to provide comprehensive data support for the evaluation of the communication signal quality and perception ability within the spatial grid;

[0046] The center of the circle is the projection of the base station on the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated;

[0047] 4) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to fly in a circular path at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated with the radius shrinking one grid towards the center. During the flight, the on-board terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data, measures the RSRP and SINR data within the spatial grid corresponding to this circumference, records the data and transmits it to the evaluation terminal. At the same time, whenever the aircraft enters a new spatial grid, the evaluation terminal connects to the base station, obtains the perception result of the aircraft by the base station and makes a record;

[0048] Compared with the circular flight in step 3), the circular flight in step 4) has the same height, the same center, and the radius shrinks by one spatial grid;

[0049] 5) Gradually shrink the radius towards the center and repeat step 4) until all the spatial grids at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated are measured;

[0050] 6) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to descend one grid and repeats steps 2) to 5) at the next altitude layer to complete the measurement of all the spatial grids at this altitude layer;

[0051] 7) Repeat step 6) until the measurement of the entire signal coverage range of the base station is completed;

[0052] 8) The evaluation terminal processes and analyzes all the collected data, forms the communication signal quality and perception results within each spatial grid, and presents them. Furthermore, the 5G-A communication and sensing integrated network can be optimized based on this data;

[0053] During the entire measurement process, the airborne terminal obtains the high-precision positioning information of the aircraft in real time and transmits it to the evaluation terminal through a wireless data transmission link. The high-precision positioning information includes the longitude, latitude, altitude, and timestamp of the aircraft. The high-precision positioning information is used to accurately record the position and flight trajectory of the aircraft in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the measurement data can be accurately corresponding to specific airspace grids. The airborne terminal obtains the high-precision positioning information of the aircraft through an RTK positioning module and an altimeter.

[0054] The grid division results of the airspace to be evaluated determine different measurement altitude layers and different measurement radii for each altitude layer. The circular flights for each altitude layer are centered on the projection of the base station on that altitude layer.

[0055] The present invention discloses a method and system for evaluating a sensing and communication integrated network in a low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things. Through the method of autonomous recording by the aircraft and active comparison and analysis by the evaluation terminal, a comprehensive performance index evaluation of the low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things can be achieved, such as the effective range of communication and surveillance signals, the recognition accuracy of airborne targets, and the tracking accuracy.

[0056] For the "under-the-lamp black" situation where the area directly above the base station cannot be covered by the base station itself, operators usually adopt measures such as multi-base station cross-coverage to improve it, such as Figure 6 . When using the present invention to evaluate the 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network of a certain base station, this situation needs to be distinguished by the evaluation terminal: when evaluating the 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network of base station A, the evaluation terminal needs to query and record the communication and sensing data of both base stations A and B at the same time, and eliminate the sensing results generated by base station B as needed during the final data analysis, and finally form an evaluation conclusion only for the 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network of base station A.

Claims

1. An evaluation method for a low-altitude intelligent networking system, characterized in that Digitally grid-divide the airspace to be evaluated using the airspace digital grid division form; use an airborne terminal to sample the RSRP and SINR data within each spatial grid and transmit it to the evaluation terminal; use the airborne terminal to obtain the aircraft positioning information and transmit it to the evaluation terminal; whenever the aircraft enters a spatial grid, use the evaluation terminal to connect to the base station to obtain the perception result of the base station on the aircraft; The evaluation terminal processes and analyzes based on all the collected data to form the communication signal quality and perception results within each spatial grid.

2. The evaluation method of a low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including: 1) Digitally grid-divide the airspace to be evaluated using the airspace digital grid division form, and synchronize the grid division result to the airborne terminal and the evaluation terminal; 2) The evaluation terminal sends a flight control signal to the aircraft to control the aircraft to fly in a certain direction from the vertical line of the base station at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated. During the flight, the airborne terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data until the aircraft flies to the boundary of the base station signal coverage area, and records the spatial grid code or precise RTK position at this time, as well as the radius from the center of the circle; the projection of the base station on the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated is the center of the circle; 3) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to fly in a circular motion around the center of the circle at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated with the radius recorded in step 2). During the flight, the airborne terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data to measure the RSRP and SINR data within the spatial grid corresponding to the entire arc boundary, record the data and transmit it to the evaluation terminal; at the same time, whenever the aircraft enters a new spatial grid, the evaluation terminal connects to the base station to obtain the perception result of the base station on the aircraft and make a record; 4) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to fly in a circular motion at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated with the radius shrinking one grid towards the center of the circle. During the flight, the airborne terminal samples the RSRP and SINR data to measure the RSRP and SINR data within the spatial grid corresponding to this circumference, record the data and transmit it to the evaluation terminal; at the same time, whenever the aircraft enters a new spatial grid, the evaluation terminal connects to the base station to obtain the perception result of the base station on the aircraft and make a record; 5) Gradually shrink the radius towards the center of the circle, and repeat step 4) until all the spatial grids at the uppermost layer of the airspace to be evaluated are measured; 6) The evaluation terminal controls the aircraft to descend one grid and repeats steps 2) to 5) at the next altitude layer to complete the measurement of all the spatial grids at this altitude layer; 7) Repeat step 6) until the measurement of the entire signal coverage area of the base station's sensing and communication is completed; 8) The evaluation terminal processes and analyzes based on all the collected data to form the communication signal quality and perception results within each spatial grid, and presents them, so as to optimize the 5G-A communication and sensing integrated network based on this data.

3. The evaluation method of a low-altitude intelligent networking system according to claim 2, characterized in that The airspace to be evaluated is the signal coverage area of the base station's sensing and communication.

4. The evaluation method of a low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 1), the airspace digital grid division form is the Beidou grid code or GeoSot; the grid division result of the airspace to be evaluated determines different measurement altitude layers and different measurement radii for each altitude layer; the circular flight for each altitude layer uses the projection of the base station on this altitude layer as the center of the circle.

5. The evaluation method of a low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system according to claim 1, characterized in that For the case of overlapping coverage in the multi-base-station 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network, when evaluating the 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network of Base Station A, the evaluation terminal needs to query and record the communication and sensing data of Base Station A and other base stations simultaneously, and eliminate the sensing data generated by other base stations as needed during the final data analysis, finally forming an evaluation conclusion only for the 5G-A sensing and communication integrated network of Base Station A.

6. The evaluation method of a low-altitude intelligent networking system according to claim 1, wherein During the entire measurement process, the airborne terminal obtains the high-precision positioning information of the aircraft in real time and transmits it to the evaluation terminal through a wireless data transmission link. The high-precision positioning information includes the longitude, latitude, altitude, and timestamp of the aircraft, and is used to accurately record the position and flight trajectory of the aircraft in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the measurement data can be accurately corresponding to specific airspace grids.

7. An evaluation system for a low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system, characterized in that, It includes an aircraft, an airborne terminal, and an evaluation terminal; the airborne terminal is installed inside the aircraft; the evaluation terminal is located on the ground; the evaluation terminal controls the flight of the aircraft through flight control signals; the airborne terminal collects the RSRP and SINR data of the airspace to be evaluated and transmits them to the evaluation terminal; the airborne terminal obtains the positioning information of the aircraft and transmits it to the evaluation terminal; the evaluation terminal obtains the sensing result of the base station on the aircraft, and processes and analyzes based on all the collected data to form the communication signal quality and sensing result of the airspace to be evaluated.

8. The evaluation system for a low-altitude intelligent Internet of Things system according to claim 7, wherein The aircraft includes a remote control receiver that receives the flight control signal from the evaluation terminal.

9. The evaluation system for a low-altitude intelligent networking system according to claim 7, wherein, The airborne terminal includes a data transmission module, an RTK positioning module, a communication module, and an altimeter; the communication module is used to receive the sensing and communication signals of the base station; the RTK positioning module and the altimeter are used for high-precision positioning of the aircraft, and record the four-dimensional space-time information of the aircraft in real time; the data transmission module is used to transmit the measurement data back to the evaluation terminal; the measurement data includes RSRP and SINR data, and aircraft positioning information.

10. The evaluation system for a low-altitude intelligent networking system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The evaluation terminal includes a communication module, a data transmission module, and a remote control module; the remote control module is used to send flight control signals to the aircraft; the data transmission module is connected to the data transmission module of the airborne terminal through a wireless data transmission link and receives the measurement data transmitted back by the airborne terminal; the communication module is used to connect to the base station and obtain the sensing result of the base station on the aircraft; the measurement data includes RSRP and SINR data, and aircraft positioning information.

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