Method and system for distributing PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) resources in 2-4-step integrated random access process and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a method, a system and a medium for distributing PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process, and the method comprises the following steps: during two-step random access transmission, if rollback RAR information is generated due to lead code collision, rollback to a four-step random access process is carried out, and resources are randomly selected from available PUSCH resources to retransmit data; after the random access is completed, analyzing additional communication traffic brought by a backoff resource retransmission mechanism according to the lead code use condition and the number of devices, and calculating a random access success communication rate; the access mode is integrated into a 2-4-step integrated random access model, aiming at the condition of access lead code collision in the two-step model, when an Msg3 message is sent after an RAR message is received, the selection mode of a PUSCH resource is changed into random selection, and random access and data transmission are completed; after the model is adjusted, the additional communication traffic of the improved method under the complete process is analyzed based on the model, and then the successful communication rate of the random access cycle is calculated. According to the invention, the number of successful communication and the communication probability of random access are improved, and the problem of PUSCH resource waste is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of physical layer resource management and scheduling mechanisms in wireless communication systems, and particularly relates to a method, system, and medium for allocating PUSCH resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid iterative upgrade of information communication, aerospace technology, and related products, the application scope of global informatization is no longer limited to traditional terrestrial networks but has comprehensively extended to all spatial fields of human production, life, and scientific research, including land, sea, sky, and space. Against this background, building a three-dimensional, multi-level, all-weather information communication network covering the globe has become an important direction for promoting scientific and technological progress and social development. Especially with the application of emerging technologies such as satellite communication, unmanned aerial vehicle relay stations, and low-earth orbit satellite Internet, the traditional terrestrial communication mode is evolving towards a space-ground integrated network to achieve broader coverage and higher efficiency of global information interconnection. This not only improves the accessibility of long-distance communication but also provides more stable and efficient communication support for remote areas, extreme environments, and even deep space exploration missions.

[0003] In a wireless communication system, random access (RA) is a fundamental link for a user equipment (UE) to establish a connection with a base station, mainly used to ensure that the terminal device can establish an uplink connection and then complete subsequent data interaction operations. It can be said that random access is a prerequisite for the normal operation of a wireless communication network, directly affecting the establishment efficiency of the uplink and playing a decisive role in the stability of data interaction. According to different applicable scenarios, random access can be divided into contention-based random access and non-contention-based random access. The present invention conducts research on contention-based random access.

[0004] In traditional terrestrial cellular networks, a four-step random access mechanism is widely adopted. Specifically, this process includes four key steps: Msg1: Preamble transmission - The user equipment first randomly selects and transmits a preamble on the physical random access channel (PRACH) to initiate an access request to the base station; Msg2: Random access response - After receiving the preamble, the base station returns a random access response signaling indicating how the terminal should proceed with the next communication; Msg3: Uplink control information transmission - The terminal sends necessary control information on the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) according to the base station's indication to confirm communication parameters; Msg4: Conflict resolution - After receiving the terminal's control information, the base station uses conflict resolution signaling to confirm whether the terminal's access is successful. If multiple terminals simultaneously send the same preamble, an access conflict may occur, and the base station will take corresponding measures, such as requiring the terminal to re-initiate an access request or allocate different resources.

[0005] In recent years, with the development of random access technology, the four-step random access method has been unable to meet the current communication requirements, thus giving rise to the two-step random access technology. In this process, first, Msg1 and Msg3 in the four-step process are combined into MsgA and sent together. In the MsgA channel, there is a mapping relationship between PRACH and PUSCH, that is, the PRACH time slot is mapped to N PUSCH time slots after experiencing a time slot offset, and PRACH and PUSCH together complete the access from the terminal to the base station. Second, Msg2 and Msg4 are merged into MsgB. Among them, for the multicast MsgB, the base station returns two responses. The first is a successful RAR, indicating successful access, and the terminal will return an ACK message; the second response is a fallback RAR, and at this time the terminal will return to the four-step random access and send Msg3 to the base station.

[0006] Compared with the four-step random access, the two-step random access can reduce communication latency and also reduce overhead. However, in the face of higher requirements for communication success rate and applications in high-load scenarios, the standard two-step random access still has deficiencies. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the new random access method to make it adapt to the communication requirements under high-load conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention aims to propose a method, system, and medium for allocating PUSCH resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process, which can be applied to a 2-4 step integrated random access model, effectively increase the number of successful communication in random access, improve the successful communication probability, and improve the problem of PUSCH resource waste.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0009] A method for allocating PUSCH resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process includes the following steps:

[0010] Step S1, fallback resource retransmission mechanism: During the two-step random access transmission process, if a fallback RAR message is generated due to a collided preamble, it is fallback to the four-step random access process; at this time, the terminal will randomly select from the available PUSCH resources and retransmit the data;

[0011] Step S2, analysis of additional traffic and communication rate: After completing the fallback resource retransmission, based on the usage of the preamble and the number of devices, analyze the additional traffic brought by the fallback resource retransmission mechanism; through a specific algorithm, calculate the random access successful communication rate under the fallback resource retransmission mechanism;

[0012] Step S3, Access Model Adjustment: Based on the above analysis, integrate the 2 - 4 step integrated random access model; for the case of preamble collision in the two - step model, when sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of PUSCH resources to random selection to complete random access and data transmission;

[0013] Step S4, Overall Performance Evaluation: After completing the model adjustment, based on the 2 - 4 step integrated random access model, comprehensively analyze the additional traffic brought by the improvement method in the complete process; on this basis, calculate its successful communication rate of the random access cycle.

[0014] Further, the specific content of step S1 is as follows:

[0015] During the two - step random access transmission process, when a preamble transmission collision occurs, the base station sends a MsgB message containing a fallback RAR message. After receiving this message, the terminal falls back to the four - step random access process to prepare for Msg3 transmission, and re - selects the PUSCH resources to transmit the collided data. If the PUSCH resources selected by each terminal do not overlap, the data transmission is successful. If multiple terminals select the same PUSCH resource, a collision occurs again, and the terminals that have a collision enter the next random access cycle to wait for the next data transmission opportunity.

[0016] Further, when the terminal re - selects the PUSCH resources, it randomly selects from the remaining available PUSCH resources to transmit the collided data.

[0017] Further, the terminal does not follow the previous resource allocation method when a collision occurs for this selection of PUSCH resources, but uses a new method to determine the transmission resources. During the secondary data transmission process, if the PUSCH resources selected by each terminal do not overlap, the data transmission of the terminal is successfully completed at this time.

[0018] Further, step S2 gives the communication success rates under the standard two - step random access and the fallback resource re - transmission mechanism through formulas respectively; specifically:

[0019] Define the number of terminals M and the number of preambles L. According to the definition, the number of successful transmissions P can be obtained S0 。

[0020] Then there is

[0021] P S0 = M(1 - 1 / L) M-1 (12)

[0022] Define the communication success rate P of the standard two - step random access suc1 , since there is only one successful transmission in the standard two - step successful communication, then there is

[0023] P suc1 = P S0 / L (13)

[0024] The number of collision communications generated by two-step random access is P C1

[0025]

[0026] The collision coefficient K can be calculated C1

[0027]

[0028] Then the additional communication number A S1 is

[0029]

[0030] where N pu is the part of PUSCH resources available for Msg3 data transmission

[0031] Improve the communication success rate P of two-step random access suc2 is:

[0032]

[0033] Further, the step S3 specifically refers to: according to the improvement of the two-step random access preamble retransmission in step S1, applying it to the 2-4 step integrated random access model; for the two-step random access part in the model, the above processing of the preamble collision situation is adopted. When sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of PUSCH resources to random selection to complete random access and data transmission.

[0034] Further, the step S4 refers to: calculating the number of successful communications, the number of collisions, the collision coefficient, and the additional number of successful communications in the new model through the system's formula, thereby calculating the successful communication probability of the new model and comparing the probability results of the three methods; including:

[0035] The number of successful communications P of 2-4 step integrated random access S2 is shown in the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] The number of collision communications of two-step random access in the model is P C2

[0038]

[0039] The collision coefficient is K C2

[0040]

[0041] Then the additional traffic A S2 is

[0042]

[0043] The successful communication probability P of this method suc3

[0044]

[0045] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a system for allocating PUSCH resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process, including the following modules:

[0046] Back-off resource retransmission module: used in the two-step random access transmission process, if a back-off RAR message is generated due to a collided preamble, it will be backed off to the four-step random access process; at this time, the terminal will randomly select from the available PUSCH resources and re-transmit the data;

[0047] Additional traffic and communication rate analysis module: used to analyze the additional traffic brought by the back-off resource retransmission mechanism based on the usage of preambles and the number of devices after the back-off resource retransmission is completed; through a specific algorithm, calculate the random access successful communication rate under the back-off resource retransmission mechanism;

[0048] Access model adjustment module: based on the above analysis, integrate the integrated 2-4 step integrated random access model; for the case of preamble collision in the two-step model, when sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of PUSCH resources to random selection to complete random access and data transmission;

[0049] Overall performance evaluation module: used to comprehensively analyze the additional traffic brought by the improved method in the complete process based on the 2-4 step integrated random access model after the model adjustment is completed; on this basis, calculate its random access cycle successful communication rate.

[0050] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to execute the method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access process as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

[0051] Beneficial effects: Through the new retransmission processing mechanism for the collided preambles in the two-step random access method of the present invention, the number of successful communications can be effectively further increased, and the successful communication probability can be improved; this method effectively utilizes the characteristics of the random access backoff response, makes full use of the PUSCH resources, and improves the random access efficiency. For this integrated two- to four-step random access model, while improving the communication success rate, it is also more suitable for high-load application requirements, and can maintain a relatively stable success rate while increasing the number of devices. Description of the Drawings

[0052] The drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 It is the overall flowchart of the method for allocating PUSCH resources in the two- to four-step integrated random access process described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is the flowchart of the standard two-step random access;

[0055] Figure 3 It is the improved two-step random access flowchart in the method for allocating PUSCH resources in the two- to four-step integrated random access process described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is the comparison chart of the communication success rates of three random access methods in the method for allocating PUSCH resources in the two- to four-step integrated random access process described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 It is the comparison chart of the energy consumption of three random access methods in the method for allocating PUSCH resources in the two- to four-step integrated random access process described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the system for allocating PUSCH resources in the two- to four-step integrated random access process described in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0059] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] See Figure 1-6 : A method for allocating PUSCH resources in a two- to four-step integrated random access process, including the following steps:

[0062] Step S1, Back-off Resource Retransmission Mechanism: During the two-step random access transmission process, if a back-off RAR message is generated due to a collided preamble, it is backed off to the four-step random access process; at this time, the terminal randomly selects from the available PUSCH resources and re-transmits the data; this operation ensures that in case of a collision problem, data transmission can complete random access by changing the access method.

[0063] Step S2, Analysis of Additional Traffic and Communication Rate (for the back-off mechanism): After completing the back-off resource retransmission, analyze the additional traffic brought by the back-off resource retransmission mechanism based on the usage of preambles and the number of devices; through a specific algorithm, calculate the random access successful communication rate under the back-off resource retransmission mechanism; this step can intuitively quantify the improvement of the success communication rate by the improvement method and provide data support for subsequent optimization.

[0064] Step S3, Access Model Adjustment: Based on the above analysis, integrate the 2-4 step integrated random access model; for the case of collided preambles in the two-step model, when sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of PUSCH resources to random selection to complete random access and data transmission; this adjustment further improves the application scenario of the improvement method, optimizes the random access process, and enables it to operate more stably in different scenarios.

[0065] Step S4, Overall Performance Evaluation: After completing the model adjustment, based on the 2-4 step integrated random access model, comprehensively analyze the additional traffic brought by the improvement method in the complete process; on this basis, calculate its random access cycle successful communication rate. Through this final evaluation, the performance of the improvement method in the entire random access cycle can be comprehensively grasped, and it can be judged whether it meets the expected optimization goal.

[0066] This embodiment uses a new back-off retransmission processing mechanism for collided preambles through the two-step random access method, which can effectively further increase the number of successful communications and improve the successful communication probability; this method effectively utilizes the characteristics of random access back-off response, makes full use of PUSCH resources, and improves the random access efficiency. For this integrated 2-4 step random access model, while improving the communication success rate, it is also more suitable for high-load application requirements, and can maintain a relatively stable success rate while increasing the number of devices.

[0067] In specific implementation, this embodiment uses dynamic resource isolation, closed-loop model optimization, and lightweight computing mechanism. This solution is significantly superior to traditional fixed back-off schemes in core indicators such as collision probability, latency, and success rate, and is especially suitable for high-density scenarios where URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication) and mMTC (Massive Machine Type Communication) coexist.

[0068] In a specific example, the step S1 specifically refers to:

[0069] In the two-step random access transmission process, when a preamble transmission collision occurs, the base station sends a MsgB message containing a backoff RAR message. After receiving this message, the terminal backs off to the four-step random access process to prepare for Msg3 transmission, and reselects PUSCH resources to transmit the collided data. If the PUSCH resources selected by each terminal do not overlap, the data transmission is successful. If multiple terminals select the same PUSCH resource, a collision occurs again, and the terminals involved in the collision enter the next random access cycle to wait for the next data transmission opportunity.

[0070] The improved two-step random access scheme proposed in this embodiment is to perform a random retransmission using PUSCH resources for the backoff RAR information. If there is no collision, the Msg4 information is returned to complete the random access. If a collision still occurs, wait for the next random access opportunity. The scheme proposed in this embodiment can effectively solve the problem of preamble collision in the two-step random access process and improve the preamble transmission success rate. And this model is well applicable to other random access models.

[0071] In a specific example, when the terminal reselects PUSCH resources, it randomly selects from the remaining available PUSCH resources to transmit the collided data.

[0072] It should be noted that transmitting the collided data means that when a preamble collision occurs during the two-step random access transmission process of the terminal, the base station uses the backoff RAR message in the MsgB message to make the terminal back off to the four-step random access process to prepare for Msg3 transmission;

[0073] At this time, since the data was not successfully transmitted due to the previous preamble transmission collision, the data that was originally to be transmitted during the collision becomes the "collided data". The terminal reselects available PUSCH resources and sends this collided data through the newly selected PUSCH resources. This sending process is called "transmitting the collided data". That is to say, the terminal attempts to avoid the previous collision problem by reselecting resources. In this case, the terminal no longer performs a retransmission according to the message parsed in MsgB, but will initiate a new access in Msg3, and the terminal randomly selects available PUSCH resources for transmission. If there is a collision, the retransmission fails; otherwise, the retransmission is successful. With one more random transmission opportunity, the possibility of successful communication is increased, so that the data that was not successfully transmitted originally can be successfully sent out, improving the transmission efficiency.

[0074] In a specific example, the terminal does not follow the previous resource allocation method during the collision when selecting PUSCH resources this time. Instead, it uses a brand-new method to determine the transmission resources. During the secondary data transmission process of the terminal, if the PUSCH resources selected by each terminal are not repeated, the data transmission of the terminal is successfully completed at this time.

[0075] The terminal in this embodiment adopts a brand-new PUSCH resource allocation method after fallback, avoiding reusing the time-frequency resources that have collided, and effectively reducing the probability of the same resources being repeatedly selected.

[0076] In a specific example, step S2 gives the communication success rates under the standard two-step random access and fallback resource retransmission mechanisms through formulas respectively; specifically:

[0077] For the two-step random access process, define the number of terminals M and the number of preambles L. According to the definition, the successful transmission number P can be obtained S0

[0078] P S0 = M(1 - 1 / L) M-1 (23)

[0079] Define the standard two-step random access communication success rate P suc1 , then there is

[0080] P suc1 = P S0 / L (24)

[0081] Define the number of collision communications in two-step random access as P C1

[0082]

[0083] The collision coefficient is K C1

[0084]

[0085] Then the additional communication number A generated by randomly retransmitting the preamble on PUSCH S1 is

[0086]

[0087] where N pu is the part of the PUSCH resource used for Msg3.

[0088] The improved two-step random access communication success rate P suc2 is:

[0089]

[0090] In a specific example, the step S3 specifically refers to: according to the improvement of the two-step random access preamble retransmission in step S1, applying it to the random access model integrated with steps 2-4; for the two-step random access part in the model, the above processing of the preamble collision situation is adopted. When sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, the selection method of the PUSCH resource is changed to random selection to complete random access and data transmission.

[0091] It should be noted that during the two-step random access process, the terminal extracts MsgB and the fallback RAR information from the MsgB* information. The MsgB* information is the combined information of MsgB and Msg2. If there is fallback information, the terminal will randomly select an available PUSCH resource to transmit data to complete random access; if multiple terminals compete for the same PUSCH resource, the access fails and waits for the next random access.

[0092] In a specific example, the step S4 refers to: calculating the number of successful communications, the number of collisions, the collision coefficient, and the number of additional successful communications in the new model through the system's formulas, and thus calculating the successful communication probability of the new model, and comparing the probability results of the three methods, including:

[0093] The number of successful communications P in the 2-4 step integrated random access S2 As shown in the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] The number of collision communications in the two-step random access in the model is P C2

[0096]

[0097] The collision coefficient is K C2

[0098]

[0099] Then the number of additional communications A S2 is

[0100]

[0101] The successful communication probability P of this method suc3

[0102]

[0103] It can be seen that based on this improved model, this embodiment calculates the number of successful communications in its random access period, and improves the communication success rate while increasing the random access opportunity.

[0104] According to the above theoretical formula, a comparison chart of the communication success rates of three random access methods in the PUSCH resource allocation method during the 2-4 step integrated random access process described in the embodiment can be simulated through the MATLAB platform, as Figure 4 . It can be Figure 4 seen that the communication success rate of the improved two-step random access has a slight increase compared to the standard two-step random access. The 2-4 step integrated random access process described in this embodiment can significantly improve the random access communication success rate. In addition to the increase in the highest success rate value, the overall success rate is much greater than that of the standard two-step random access, and it can still maintain a relatively high success rate when the number of terminals M increases. Figure 5 is a comparison chart of the energy consumption of the three models. It can be seen from the figure that the improved two-step random access can slightly reduce the model energy consumption, while the integrated 2-4 step random access model can significantly reduce the energy consumption. This indicates that the improved method proposed in this embodiment is applicable to improving the communication success rate and high-load scenarios, can save device energy consumption, reduce costs, and has high application value. The parameters used in the simulation are given in Table 1.

[0105] Table 1 Partial Parameter Values

[0106] parameter numerical value L 54 <![CDATA[N pu > 2 <![CDATA[p2]]> 0.4

[0107] In this embodiment, aiming at improving the communication success rate and PUSCH resource utilization rate in the random access mode, a 2-4 step integrated random access model is designed, and the processing of PUSCH resources in the fallback mechanism is optimized, which is applicable to high-load communication scenarios.

[0108] Embodiment 2

[0109] To achieve the above object, refer to Figure 6 : This embodiment also provides a PUSCH resource allocation system during the 2-4 step integrated random access process, including the following modules:

[0110] Fallback Resource Retransmission Module: Used in the two-step random access transmission process, if the fallback RAR information is generated due to a collided preamble, it will be fallback to the four-step random access process; at this time, the terminal will randomly select from the available PUSCH resources and re-transmit the data;

[0111] Extra Traffic and Communication Rate Analysis Module: Used to analyze the extra traffic brought by the fallback resource retransmission mechanism based on the usage of preambles and the number of devices after the fallback resource retransmission is completed; through a specific algorithm, calculate the random access successful communication rate under the fallback resource retransmission mechanism;

[0112] Access model adjustment module: Based on the above fallback and analysis results, integrate the integrated 2-4 step random access model; for the case of preamble collision in the two-step model, when sending Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of PUSCH resources to random selection to complete random access and data transmission.

[0113] Overall performance evaluation module: Used to comprehensively analyze the additional traffic brought by the improvement method in the complete process based on the integrated 2-4 step random access model after the model adjustment; on this basis, calculate its successful communication rate of the random access period.

[0114] The advantages of the PUSCH resource allocation system in the 2-4 step integrated random access process of this embodiment and the PUSCH resource allocation method in the 2-4 step integrated random access process compared with the prior art are the same, and will not be described herein again.

[0115] Embodiment 3

[0116] To achieve the above object, this embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to execute the PUSCH resource allocation method in the 2-4 step integrated random access process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

[0117] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for allocating PUSCH resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step S1, Back-off Resource Retransmission Mechanism: During the two-step random access transmission process, if a back-off RAR message is generated due to a collided preamble, it will be backed off to the four-step random access process; at this time, the terminal will randomly select from the available PUSCH resources and re-transmit the data; Step S2, Analysis of Additional Traffic and Communication Rate: After completing the back-off resource retransmission, analyze the additional traffic brought by the back-off resource retransmission mechanism based on the usage of preambles and the number of devices; through a specific algorithm, calculate the random access successful communication rate under the back-off resource retransmission mechanism; Step S3, Access Model Adjustment: Based on the above analysis, incorporate the integrated 2-4 step integrated random access model; for the case of preamble collision in the two-step model, when sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of the PUSCH resource to random selection to complete random access and data transmission; Step S4, Overall Performance Evaluation: After completing the model adjustment, based on the 2-4 step integrated random access model, comprehensively analyze the additional traffic brought by the improvement method in the complete process; on this basis, calculate its random access cycle successful communication rate.

2. The method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access procedure according to claim 1, wherein The specific content of step S1 is as follows: During the two-step random access transmission process, when a preamble transmission collision occurs, the base station sends a MsgB message containing a back-off RAR message. After receiving the message, the terminal backs off to the four-step random access process to prepare for Msg3 transmission, and re-selects the PUSCH resource to transmit the collided data. If the PUSCH resources selected by each terminal are not repeated, the data transmission is successful. If multiple terminals select the same PUSCH resource, a collision occurs again, and the collided terminals enter the next random access cycle to wait for the next data transmission opportunity.

3. The method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access process according to claim 2, wherein When the terminal re-selects the PUSCH resource, it randomly selects from the remaining available PUSCH resources to transmit the collided data.

4. The method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access procedure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The terminal does not follow the previous resource allocation method when a collision occurred for this selection of the PUSCH resource, but uses a new method to determine the transmission resource. During the secondary data transmission process of the terminal, if the PUSCH resources selected by each terminal are not repeated, the data transmission of the terminal is successfully completed at this time.

5. The method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 gives the communication success rates under the standard two-step random access and the back-off resource retransmission mechanism respectively through formulas; specifically: Define the number of terminals M and the number of preambles L. According to the definition, the number of successful transmissions P can be obtained. S0 . Then there is P S0 = M(1 - 1 / L) M-1 (1) Define the success rate P of the standard two-step random access communication suc1 , there is only one successful transmission in the standard two-step random access, so P suc1 = P S0 / L (2) Define the number of collision communications in two-step random access as P C1 Define the collision coefficient as K C1 The additional number of communications A generated by randomly retransmitting the preamble on the PUSCH S1 is Where N pu is the part of the PUSCH resource for Msg3 The success rate of the improved two-step random access communication is P suc2 It is as follows:

6. The method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access procedure according to claim 1, wherein The specific content of step S3 is as follows: According to the improvement of the two-step random access collided preamble retransmission in step S1, apply it to the 2-4 step integrated random access model; for the two-step random access part in the model, adopt the above processing method for the preamble collision situation. When sending the Msg3 message after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of the PUSCH resource to random selection to complete random access and data transmission.

7. The method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access procedure according to claim 1, wherein Step S4 means: Calculate the number of successful communications, the number of collisions, the collision coefficient, and the additional number of successful communications under the new model through the system's formulas, and thus calculate the successful communication probability of the new model, and compare the probability results of the three methods; including: The number of successful communications P for 2 - 4 step integrated random access S2 As shown in the following formula: The number of colliding communications in the two-step random access in the model is P C2 The collision coefficient of the 2 - 4 step integrated random access model is K C2 Then the additional communication number A generated by improving the two-step random access S2 is The successful communication probability P of this method suc3 8. A system for allocating PUSCH resources in a 2-4 step integrated random access process, characterized in that, Including the following modules: Backoff Resource Retransmission Module: In the two-step random access transmission process, if backoff RAR information is generated due to colliding preambles, it will be backed off to the four-step random access process; at this time, the terminal will randomly select from the available PUSCH resources and retransmit the data; Extra Traffic and Communication Rate Analysis Module: After completing the backoff resource retransmission, it is used to analyze the extra traffic brought by the backoff resource retransmission mechanism based on the usage of preambles and the number of devices; through a specific algorithm, calculate the random access success communication rate under the backoff resource retransmission mechanism; Access Model Adjustment Module: Based on the analysis, integrate this access method into the 2-4 step integrated random access model. For the case of colliding preambles in the two-step model, when sending Msg3 after receiving the RAR message, change the selection method of PUSCH resources to random selection to complete random access and data transmission; Overall Performance Evaluation Module: After completing the model adjustment, based on the 2-4 step integrated random access model, comprehensively analyze the extra traffic brought by the improvement method in the complete process; on this basis, calculate its random access cycle success communication rate.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to execute the method for allocating PUSCH resources in the 2-4 step integrated random access process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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