Method for increasing eggplant seed production yield through repeated pollination

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing eggplant seed production yield by repeated pollination. The method comprises the following specific steps: S100, determining male and female parent planting density: the male parent planting density is 400-600 plants / mu, and the female parent planting density is 2400-3200 plants / mu; s200, construction of a movable gauze shed: before pollination is started, covering maternal plants with the movable gauze shed; s300, male parent pollen collection: collecting flowers which just bloom before pollination, taking out the pollen, drying the pollen, screening the dried pollen, and finally loading the screened pollen into a pollination tube; s400, castration: selecting flower buds about to bloom, and removing sepals of the flower buds and petals which are not bloomed, so that stigmas are fully exposed; s500, carrying out cross pollination; s600, repeated pollination: continuously repeating the step S500 for 2-3 days, and repeatedly pollinating each flower for multiple times; s700, plant adjustment, wherein when the plants grow to a certain height, a supporting frame is erected, and unpollinated flowers are removed; s800, harvesting: harvesting the seeds when the peel becomes yellowish-brown; and S900, drying and warehousing the seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop seed production, and specifically to a method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination. Background Technique

[0002] Eggplants are a widely cultivated vegetable, and most eggplant varieties belong to the first generation of hybrids. However, the work of hybrid seed production of eggplants is very cumbersome, and the seed yield and quality of artificial hybrid seed production are affected by many factors. In recent years, the requirements for the quality of hybrid seeds have also increased year by year. Therefore, a method that can effectively improve eggplant breeding is needed.

[0003] In the prior art, the invention patent with the application number 202310097672.8 discloses a method for increasing the seed production yield and quality of eggplants, belonging to the technical field of crop seed production. The method of the present invention includes: spraying a yield-promoting agent during the flowering and fruit-setting period and the fruiting period of eggplants respectively; the yield-promoting agent contains 20-30% of mepiquat chloride and 20-40% of lanthanum nitrate. This method for increasing the seed production yield and quality of eggplants is based on the development characteristics of eggplant seeds. Mepiquat chloride and lanthanum nitrate are jointly sprayed during the flowering and fruit-setting period and the fruiting period of eggplants respectively to regulate the photosynthesis and endogenous hormone levels of eggplants, promote reproductive growth, increase the seed production yield and 1000-grain weight of eggplants, and can further improve the germination rate and germination potential of eggplant seeds.

[0004] Although the method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination provided by the above patent can effectively increase the seed production yield of eggplants, it is cultivated in the open air during the cultivation process, resulting in the possibility of cross-pollination by insects and self-pollination during the fertilization process of eggplants, leading to a reduction in the purity of hybrid seeds, which needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination, aiming to improve the problem that the existing eggplant cultivation method is cultivated in the open air during the eggplant cultivation process, resulting in the possibility of cross-pollination by insects and self-pollination during the fertilization process of eggplants, and further leading to a reduction in the purity of hybrid seeds.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination, the specific steps are as follows:

[0007] S100. Determine the planting density of male and female parents: The planting density of male parents is 400-600 plants / mu, and the planting density of female parents is 2400-3200 plants / mu;

[0008] S200. Build a movable screen house: Before starting pollination, cover the female parent plants with a movable screen house;

[0009] S300, Pollen Collection from Male Parent: Just before pollination, collect the newly opened flowers, extract the pollen, and dry it. Then, sieve the dried pollen and finally put the sieved pollen into a pollination tube;

[0010] S400, Emasculation: Select the flower buds about to open, remove their sepals and unopened petals together to fully expose the stigma;

[0011] S500, Cross Pollination: Insert the exposed stigma into the pollination tube filled with pollen to carry out the pollination work;

[0012] S600, Repeated Pollination: Repeat step S500 for 2 - 3 consecutive days to ensure that each flower is pollinated multiple times;

[0013] S700, Plant Adjustment: Set up a support frame when the plant grows to a certain height. When the pollination of the whole plant is completed, remove the unpollinated flowers;

[0014] S800, Harvesting: Harvest the seeds when the pericarp turns yellowish - brown and rinse them clean;

[0015] S900, Seed Drying and Storage: Place the rinsed seeds in a cool place to dry and then store them in the warehouse after drying.

[0016] Furthermore, the drying in step S300 means placing the pollen and lime pieces together in a container and drying the pollen through the lime pieces, and the drying needs to be carried out for 24 hours.

[0017] Furthermore, the pollination tube in step S300 is made of transparent material, and the diameter of the pollination tube is larger than the maximum diameter of the flower bud.

[0018] Furthermore, the pollination targets in step S500 are concentrated on the fruits of the two layers of "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng".

[0019] Furthermore, the movable screen shed in step S200 includes a frame body and a screen net. The frame body covers the female parent plant and is erected in the planting area, and the screen net is covered and arranged on the frame body.

[0020] Furthermore, the frame body includes a bottom frame and curved rods. The bottom frame covers the female parent plant and is erected in the planting area, the curved rods are cross - arranged at the diagonal positions of the frame body, and the screen net is covered and arranged on the curved rods.

[0021] Furthermore, the support frame in step S700 includes support legs and telescopic rods. There is a pair of support legs, and the telescopic rod is detachably installed between the pair of support legs.

[0022] Furthermore, the support leg includes a fixing frame and an installation rod; the fixing frame includes a socket, and a plurality of support rods are rotatably arranged on the side surface of the socket in sequence along the circumferential direction thereof, and a ground nail is arranged at the lower end of the support rod; the installation rod includes an insertion rod, the lower end of the insertion rod is arranged on the socket in a liftable manner, connection ports are symmetrically arranged at the upper end, a pin is arranged on the connection port, and the end parts of the telescopic rods are respectively installed in the corresponding connection ports through pins.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of rotating seats are arranged on the side surface of the socket in sequence along the circumferential direction thereof, the upper end of the support rod is rotatably installed on the rotating seat; a limiting edge located above the support rod is arranged on the rotating seat, and the limiting edge is used for limiting the unfolding angle of the support rod.

[0024] Furthermore, mounting bolts are arranged on the socket, and a plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the rod body of the insertion rod in sequence along the length direction thereof; the insertion rod is inserted into the socket, and the mounting bolts are installed in the limiting holes.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. During the eggplant pollination process of the present invention, a screen shed is used to prevent insect pollination and perform repeated pollination, while improving the fertilization accuracy of the pollen tube, thereby improving the reproduction efficiency. Moreover, by selecting the four-sided bucket and the eight-sided wind for fertilization during the fertilization process, the yield of the first-generation hybrid seeds can be guaranteed, effectively saving labor costs.

[0027] 2. By providing a support frame telescopic rod that is convenient to disassemble, the present invention can not only conveniently fix the female parent plant, but also conveniently disassemble and store it, which can be recycled and cost-saving. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the operation process of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the movable screen shed device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the frame body of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the support frame device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixing frame of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the installation rod of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Frame body; 101. Bottom frame; 102. Curved rod; 2. Screen mesh; 3. Support leg; 301. Fixed frame; 302. Installation rod; 303. Socket; 304. Rotating seat; 305. Limiting edge; 306. Support rod; 307. Ground nail; 308. Installation bolt; 309. Insertion rod; 310. Limiting hole; 311. Connection port; 312. Pin; 4. Telescopic rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0036] The following will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, a method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination, and the specific steps of the method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination are as follows:

[0039] S100. Planting density of male and female parents: The planting density of male parents is 500 plants / mu, and the planting density of female parents is 2800 / mu.

[0040] S200. Construction of movable screen shed: Three days before the start of pollination, cover the female parent plants with a movable screen shed through a temporary movable screen shed.

[0041] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the movable screen shed includes a frame body 1 and a screen mesh 2. A plurality of frame bodies 1 are arranged in parallel and are completely covered with female parent plants and erected in the planting field. The screen mesh 2 is covered on the frame body 1. The frame body 1 includes a bottom frame 101 and two curved rods 102. The bottom frame 101 is covered with female parent plants and erected in the planting field. The bottom frame 101 can be fixed to the ground by screws. The curved rods 102 are cross - arranged at the diagonal positions of the frame body 1. The screen mesh 2 is covered on the curved rods 102. The frame body 1 is made of galvanized steel pipes. The two curved rods 102 are cross - arranged at the diagonal positions of the bottom frame 101. A galvanized steel pipe arch shed with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 4.8 m is used, and a 40 - mesh fine screen mesh is used to buckle a temporary movable screen shed with a width of 10 m and a length of 30 m.

[0042] S300, Collection of Paternal Pollen: Collect the just-opened flowers one day before pollination, extract the pollen, and dry it for 24 hours. Then place the dried pollen in a sieve with 80 meshes and brush out the pollen with a fine brush. Finally, put it into a pollination tube made of a transparent straw. The 24-hour drying in step S300 means placing the pollen and lime pieces together in a container and drying the pollen with the lime pieces for 24 hours.

[0043] S400, Castration: Select the flower buds about to open, remove their sepals and unopened petals together to fully expose the stigma. When castrating, gently pinch the base of the flower with the thumb, index finger, and middle finger of the left hand, and use the thumb and index finger of the right hand to remove the sepals and petals to fully expose the stigma.

[0044] S500, Cross Pollination: Insert the exposed stigma into the pollination tube filled with pollen to conduct the pollination work. The pollination targets in step S500 focus on the fruits of the two layers of "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng". "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng" are terms. "Simian Dou" refers to the eggplants grown when the eggplant plant branches for the third time, usually four in number, and "Bamian Feng" refers to the eggplants grown when the eggplant plant branches for the fourth time, generally eight in number.

[0045] S600, Repeated Pollination: Repeat step S500 continuously for 2 - 3 days to ensure that each flower is pollinated 2 - 3 times (pollinated once a day).

[0046] S700, Plant Adjustment: Set up a support frame when the plant grows to 60 cm, and promptly remove the unpollinated flowers when the pollination of the whole plant is completed.

[0047] Such as Figures 4 - 6As shown in the figure, the support frame includes support legs 3 and telescopic rods 4. There are a pair of support legs 3, and the telescopic rod 4 is detachably installed between the pair of support legs 3. The support leg 3 includes a fixed frame 301 and a mounting rod 302; the fixed frame 301 includes a socket 303. A plurality of support rods 306 are sequentially rotatably arranged on the side of the socket 303 along its circumferential direction. A plurality of rotating seats 304 are sequentially arranged on the side of the socket 303 along its circumferential direction. The upper end of the support rod 306 is rotatably installed on the rotating seat 304; a limiting edge 305 is arranged on the rotating seat 304 above the support rod 306, and the limiting edge 305 is used to limit the unfolding angle of the support rod 306. This prevents the support rod 306 from opening too wide and causing abnormal use. At the same time, the support rod 306 can be retracted. When not in use, it is convenient to store the fixed frame 301. A ground nail 307 is arranged at the lower end of the support rod 306; the mounting rod 302 includes an insertion rod 309, and the lower end of the insertion rod 309 is vertically and movably arranged on the socket 303. A mounting bolt 308 is arranged on the socket 303. A plurality of limiting holes 310 are sequentially arranged on the rod body of the insertion rod 309 along its length direction; the insertion rod 309 is inserted into the socket 303, and the mounting bolt 308 is installed in the limiting hole 310. By installing the mounting bolt 308 in different limiting holes 310, the height adjustment of the mounting rod 302 can be realized, which can conveniently adjust the height position of the mounting rod 302 at any time as the maternal plant grows, so that the device can adapt to maternal plants of various heights. Connection ports 311 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end, and pins 312 are arranged on the connection ports 311. The end parts of the telescopic rods 4 are respectively installed in the corresponding connection ports 311 through the pins 312.

[0048] S800, Harvesting: When the pericarp turns yellowish-brown, harvest the seeds and rinse them clean.

[0049] S900, Seed sun-drying and storage: Place the rinsed seeds in a shady place to dry and store them in the warehouse.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, a method for improving the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination, the specific steps of the method for improving the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination are as follows:

[0052] S100, Planting density of male and female parents: The planting density of male parents is 600 plants / mu, and the planting density of female parents is 3200 / mu.

[0053] S200, Construction of movable screen house: Two days before the start of pollination, cover the maternal plants with a movable screen house through a temporary movable screen house.

[0054] As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the movable yarn shed includes a frame body 1 and a yarn net 2. A plurality of frame bodies 1 are arranged in parallel and are erected in the planting field to completely cover the female parent plants. The yarn net 2 is covered on the frame body 1. The frame body 1 includes a bottom frame 101 and two curved rods 102. The bottom frame 101 is erected in the planting field to cover the female parent plants, and the bottom frame 101 can be fixed to the ground by screws. The curved rods 102 are cross-arranged at the diagonal positions of the frame body 1, and the yarn net 2 is covered on the curved rods 102. The frame body 1 is made of galvanized steel pipes. The two curved rods 102 are cross-arranged at the diagonal positions of the bottom frame 101, and a galvanized steel pipe arch shed with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 4.8 m is used to buckle a temporary movable yarn shed with a width of 10 m and a length of 30 m with a 40-mesh fine yarn net.

[0055] S300, Collection of male parent pollen: Collect the just-opened flowers one day before pollination, take out the pollen, and dry it for 24 hours. Then place the dried pollen in a sieve with 80 meshes, and brush out the pollen with a fine brush. Finally, put it into a pollination tube made of a transparent straw. The 24-hour drying in step S300 means placing the pollen and lime blocks together in a container and drying the pollen for 24 hours through the lime blocks.

[0056] S400, Emasculation: Select the flower buds about to open, remove their sepals and unopened petals together to fully expose the stigmas. When emasculating, gently pinch the base of the flower with the thumb, index finger and middle finger of the left hand, and use the thumb and index finger of the right hand to remove the sepals and petals to fully expose the stigmas.

[0057] S500, Hybrid pollination: Insert the exposed stigmas into the pollination tube containing pollen to carry out the pollination work. The pollination objects in step S500 are concentrated on the fruits of the two layers of "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng". "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng" are terms. "Simian Dou" refers to the eggplants growing when the eggplant plant forks for the third time, usually four in number, and "Bamian Feng" refers to the eggplants growing when the eggplant plant forks for the fourth time, generally eight in number.

[0058] S600, Repeated pollination: Repeat step S500 continuously for 2 to 3 days to ensure that each flower is pollinated repeatedly.

[0059] S700, Plant adjustment: Set up a support frame when the plant grows to 70 cm, and timely remove the unpollinated flowers when the pollination of the whole plant is completed.

[0060] As Figures 4 - 6As shown in the figure, the support frame includes support legs 3 and telescopic rods 4. There are a pair of support legs 3, and the telescopic rod 4 is detachably installed between the pair of support legs 3. The support leg 3 includes a fixed frame 301 and a mounting rod 302; the fixed frame 301 includes a socket 303. Along the circumferential direction of the side surface of the socket 303, a plurality of support rods 306 are sequentially rotatably arranged. Along the circumferential direction of the side surface of the socket 303, a plurality of rotating seats 304 are sequentially arranged. The upper ends of the support rods 306 are rotatably installed on the rotating seats 304; on the rotating seat 304, there is a limiting edge 305 located above the support rod 306, and the limiting edge 305 is used to limit the unfolding angle of the support rod 306. The lower end of the support rod 306 is provided with a ground nail 307; the mounting rod 302 includes an insertion rod 309, and the lower end of the insertion rod 309 is vertically and movably arranged on the socket 303. On the socket 303, there is a mounting bolt 308. Along the length direction of the rod body of the insertion rod 309, a plurality of limiting holes 310 are sequentially arranged; the insertion rod 309 is inserted into the socket 303, and the mounting bolt 308 is installed in the limiting hole 310. At the upper end, connection ports 311 are symmetrically arranged, and on the connection ports 311, there are pin bolts 312. The end parts of the telescopic rods 4 are respectively installed in the corresponding connection ports 311 through the pin bolts 312.

[0061] S800, Harvesting: When the pericarp turns yellowish-brown, harvest the seeds and rinse them clean.

[0062] S900, Seed drying and storage: Place the rinsed seeds in a cool place to dry, and then store them in a warehouse.

[0063] Embodiment 3

[0064] As Figure 1 shown, a method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination. The specific steps of this method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination are as follows:

[0065] S100, Planting density of male and female parents: The planting density of male parents is 400 plants per mu, and the planting density of female parents is 2400 plants per mu.

[0066] S200, Construction of movable screen house: Three days before the start of pollination, cover the female parent plants with a movable screen house through a temporary movable screen house.

[0067] As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the movable yarn shed includes a frame body 1 and a yarn net 2. A plurality of frame bodies 1 are arranged in parallel and are erected in the planting area to completely cover the female parent plants. The yarn net 2 is covered on the frame body 1. The frame body 1 includes a bottom frame 101 and two curved rods 102. The bottom frame 101 is erected in the planting area to cover the female parent plants. When installing the frame body 1 in the planting area, it can be fixed by ground nails to prevent the movable yarn shed from being blown away due to insecure fixation. The curved rods 102 are cross - arranged at the diagonal positions of the frame body 1, and the yarn net 2 is covered on the curved rods 102. The frame body 1 is made of galvanized steel pipes. The two curved rods 102 are cross - arranged at the diagonal positions of the bottom frame 101. A galvanized steel pipe arch shed with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 4.8 m is used to form a temporary movable yarn shed with a width of 10 m and a length of 30 m by buckling a 40 - mesh fine yarn net.

[0068] S300, Collection of male parent pollen: Collect the just - opened flowers one day before pollination, take out the pollen, and dry it for 24 hours. Then place the dried pollen in an 80 - mesh sieve and brush out the pollen with a fine brush. Finally, put it into a pollination tube made of a transparent straw. The 24 - hour drying in step S300 means placing the pollen and lime blocks together in a container, and drying the pollen through the lime blocks for 24 hours.

[0069] S400, Castration: Select the flower buds about to open, remove their sepals and unopened petals together to fully expose the stigma. When castrating, gently pinch the base of the flower with the thumb, index finger and middle finger of the left hand, and use the thumb and index finger of the right hand to remove the sepals and petals to fully expose the stigma.

[0070] S500, Cross - pollination: Insert the exposed stigma into the pollination tube containing pollen to carry out the pollination work. The pollination objects in step S500 focus on the fruits on the two layers of "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng". "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng" are terms. "Simian Dou" refers to the eggplants grown when the eggplant plant branches for the third time, usually with a quantity of four. "Bamian Feng" refers to the eggplants grown when the eggplant plant branches for the fourth time, generally with a quantity of eight.

[0071] S600, Repeated pollination: Continuously repeat step S500 for 2 - 3 days to ensure that each flower is pollinated multiple times.

[0072] S700, Plant adjustment: Set up a support frame when the plant grows to 50 cm. When the pollination of the whole plant is completed, promptly remove the unpollinated flowers.

[0073] As Figures 4 - 6As shown in the figure, the support frame includes support legs 3 and telescopic rods 4. There are a pair of support legs 3, and the telescopic rod 4 is detachably installed between the pair of support legs 3. The support leg 3 includes a fixed frame 301 and a mounting rod 302; the fixed frame 301 includes a socket 303. Along the circumferential direction of the side surface of the socket 303, a plurality of support rods 306 are sequentially rotatably arranged. Along the circumferential direction of the side surface of the socket 303, a plurality of rotating seats 304 are sequentially arranged. The upper ends of the support rods 306 are rotatably installed on the rotating seats 304; on the rotating seat 304, there is a limiting edge 305 located above the support rod 306, and the limiting edge 305 is used to limit the unfolding angle of the support rod 306. The lower end of the support rod 306 is provided with a ground nail 307; the mounting rod 302 includes an insertion rod 309, and the lower end of the insertion rod 309 is vertically movably arranged on the socket 303. On the socket 303, there is a mounting bolt 308. Along the length direction of the rod body of the insertion rod 309, a plurality of limiting holes 310 are sequentially arranged; the insertion rod 309 is inserted into the socket 303, and the mounting bolt 308 is installed in the limiting hole 310. The upper ends are symmetrically provided with connection ports 311, and on the connection ports 311, there are pin bolts 312. The end parts of the telescopic rods 4 are respectively installed in the corresponding connection ports 311 through the pin bolts 312.

[0074] S800, Harvesting: When the pericarp turns yellowish-brown, harvest the seeds and rinse them clean.

[0075] S900, Seed Drying and Storage: Place the rinsed seeds in a cool place to dry in the sun and then store them in the warehouse.

[0076] Working Principle: When building the movable screen shed, install the frame 1 in the planting area. It can be fixed with ground nails to prevent it from being blown away by the wind due to insecure fixation and cover the female parent plants. Then, cover the screen net 2 over the frame 1 so that the female parent plants are covered by the screen net 2, thereby avoiding the contamination of the female parent plants through other pollination channels. When the female parent plants grow to a certain height, place a pair of support legs 3 at both ends of each row of female parent plants respectively. Then extend the telescopic rods 4 and set them up through the support legs 3. By setting the extendable telescopic rods 4, it can span the planting area of the female parent plants over a long distance, facilitating the support of the female parent plants in the rows below the telescopic rods 4. Then tie the female parent plants to the telescopic rods 4 to prevent them from falling down. At the same time, it is not necessary to insert individual support rods for each female parent plant. At the same time, the mounting rod 302 in the support leg 3 can also be adjusted according to the required height. By installing the mounting bolt 308 in different limiting holes 310, the height of the mounting rod 302 can be adjusted, which can facilitate the adjustment of the height position of the mounting rod 302 at any time as the female parent plants grow, enabling the device to adapt to female parent plants of various heights.

[0077] In summary, during the eggplant pollination process, the present invention uses a screen house to prevent insect pollination, repeats pollination, and improves the fertilization accuracy of pollen tubes, thereby improving the reproduction efficiency. Moreover, by selecting "Simian Dou" and "Bamian Feng" for fertilization during the fertilization process, the yield of hybrid first-generation seeds can be ensured, effectively saving labor costs. By setting up a support telescopic rod that is convenient to disassemble, not only can the female parent plant be conveniently fixed, but it can also be conveniently disassembled and stored, recycled, and cost saved.

[0078] Experimental Example

[0079] Materials: The test materials were the male and female parents of the excellent new variety "Haqie 2018" selected by the Eggplant Research Group of the Vegetable and Flower Branch of the Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0080] Method: The experiment was conducted at the Xuejia Experimental Field of the Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2009. During the flowering period, three treatments of 1-time pollination, 2-time pollination, and 3-time pollination were set for the female parent, repeated 3 times, arranged in a randomized block design, and the plot area was 14 m 2 . After soaking and germinating the male and female parent seeds, they were respectively sown in nursery on March 20, 2009, and March 25, 2009, and then transplanted into nutrient pots. The male and female parents were respectively transplanted into the open field on June 1 and June 7. The male and female parents were planted in a ratio of 1:4, covered with plastic film, the plant spacing was 33.3 cm, and the row spacing was 70 cm. The planting density of the female parent was 3300 plants per mu. When the female parent entered the flowering period, the flower buds on and above the pair of eggplants were selected for the first emasculation and pollination at the bud stage; the second pollination was carried out on the day of flowering; the third pollination was carried out 1 day after flowering. During pollination, the number of red wool threads tied was used as a mark for the number of pollination repetitions.

[0081] Measurement items: Randomly select 5 plants from each plot to investigate the fruit setting rate, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit, and 1000-seed weight of each plant. The germination potential was measured on the 7th day and the germination rate was measured on the 14th day under the condition of 25-28 °C. Germination potential = number of normally germinated seeds in the initial stage of germination (7d) / number of seeds for inspection × 100%, germination rate = number of all normally germinated seeds in the final stage of germination (14d) / number of seeds for inspection × 100%.

[0082] Effect of different pollination times on the fruit setting rate of eggplant:

[0083] The statistical analysis results show (Table 1) that the fruit setting rates of 2-time pollination and 3-time pollination are extremely significantly higher than that of 1-time pollination; there is no significant difference between the fruit setting rates of 2-time pollination and 3-time pollination.

[0084] Table 1 Effect of different pollination times on the hybrid fruit setting rate

[0085] Table 1 The effect of different repeated pollination on the fruitbearing percentage

[0086] Number of repeated pollinations Number of pollinated flowers Number of fruits set Fruit set rate (%) 1 60 45 75.0bB 2 60 50 83.3aA 3 60 48 80.0aA

[0087] Table 2 The effect of different repeated pollination on hybrid seed yield

[0088] Number of repeated pollinations Number of seeds per fruit Weight of seeds per fruit / g Yield per plot / g 1 297 1.01 242.40 2 385 1.31 393.00 3 378 1.28 389.21

[0089] Effect of different repeated pollination on the eggplant seed yield:

[0090] As can be seen from Table 2, among the different pollination treatments from 1 to 3 times, the number of seeds per fruit in the 2-time and 3-time pollinations was extremely significantly higher than that in the 1-time pollination. The difference between the 2-time pollination and the 3-time pollination was not significant. The total seed yield per plot showed an obvious increasing trend with the increase in the number of pollination times in the different pollination treatments from 1 to 3 times. Thus, it can be seen that repeated pollination is a very good method to increase the yield of F1-generation seeds and reduce the seed production cost.

[0091] Effect of different repeated pollination on the hybrid seed quality:

[0092] As can be seen from Table 3, repeated pollination had no obvious effect on the 1000-seed weight of eggplant hybrid seeds. However, with the increase in the number of fruits per plant and the number of seeds per fruit, the 1000-seed weight would decrease to some extent.

[0093] Table 3 The effect of different repeated pollination on hybrid seed quality

[0094] Number of repeated pollinations 1000 - grain weight / g Germination potential (%) Germination rate (%) 1 3.68 86.73b 94.08b 2 3.69 91.45a 96.07a 3 3.65 90.32a 96.06a

[0095] This test example shows that repeated pollination can increase the yield and quality of eggplant hybrid seeds, and the effect of repeated pollination twice is the best. In production, due to the limitation of labor and the lack of corresponding technical guidance, single pollination is generally adopted. If repeated pollination twice or three times can be adopted, it will significantly increase the yield and quality of eggplant hybrid seeds, and at the same time greatly reduce the seed production cost of the first-generation hybrids, bringing great benefits to farmers and seed producers.

[0096] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S100. Determine the planting densities of the male and female parents: The planting density of the male parent is 400 - 600 plants per mu, and the planting density of the female parent is 2400 - 3200 plants per mu; S200. Set up a movable screen house: Before starting pollination, cover the female parent plants with a movable screen house; S300. Collect pollen from the male parent: Collect the just-opened flowers before pollination, take out the pollen, and dry it. Then, sieve the dried pollen, and finally put the sieved pollen into a pollination tube; S400. Castrate: Select the flower buds about to open, remove their sepals and unopened petals together to fully expose the stigmas; S500. Cross-pollinate: Insert the exposed stigmas into the pollination tube filled with pollen for pollination; S600. Repeat pollination: Repeat step S500 for 2 - 3 consecutive days to ensure that each flower is pollinated multiple times; S700. Adjust the plants: Set up a support frame when the plants grow to a certain height, and remove the unpollinated flowers when the pollination of the whole plant is completed; S800. Harvest: Harvest the seeds when the pericarp turns yellowish-brown and rinse them clean; S900. Dry the seeds and store them in the warehouse: Place the rinsed seeds in a cool place to dry, and then store them in the warehouse after drying.

2. The method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying in step S300 means placing the pollen and lime pieces together in a container and drying the pollen with the lime pieces for 24 hours.

3. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S300, the pollination tube is made of a transparent material, and the diameter of the pollination tube is larger than the maximum diameter of the flower buds.

4. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pollination objects in step S500 are concentrated on the fruits of the two layers of "Four-sided Dou" and "Eight-sided Wind".

5. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable screen house in step S200 includes a frame body (1) and a screen net (2). The frame body (1) is erected in the planting field to cover the female parent plants, and the screen net (2) is covered on the frame body (1).

6. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame body (1) includes a bottom frame (101) and curved rods (102). The bottom frame (101) is erected in the planting field to cover the female parent plants, the curved rods (102) are cross-set at the diagonal positions of the frame body (1), and the screen net (2) is covered on the curved rods (102).

7. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 1, characterized in that The support frame in step S700 includes support legs (3) and telescopic rods (4). There is a pair of support legs (3), and the telescopic rods (4) are detachably installed between the pair of support legs (3).

8. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support legs (3) include a fixed frame (301) and mounting rods (302); the fixed frame (301) includes a socket (303), and a plurality of support rods (306) are sequentially rotatably arranged on the side of the socket (303) along its circumferential direction. The lower ends of the support rods (306) are provided with ground nails (307); the mounting rods (302) include insertion rods (309), the lower ends of the insertion rods (309) are vertically and movably arranged on the socket (303), the upper ends are symmetrically provided with connection ports (311), and pins (312) are arranged on the connection ports (311). The ends of the telescopic rods (4) are respectively installed in the corresponding connection ports (311) through the pins (312).

9. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 8, characterized in that, A plurality of rotating seats (304) are sequentially arranged on the side surface of the socket (303) along its circumferential direction, and the upper end of the support rod (306) is rotatably installed on the rotating seat (304); a limiting edge (305) located above the support rod (306) is arranged on the rotating seat (304), and the limiting edge (305) is used to limit the unfolding angle of the support rod (306).

10. A method for increasing the seed production yield of eggplants by repeated pollination according to claim 8, characterized in that, An installation bolt (308) is arranged on the socket (303), and a plurality of limiting holes (310) are sequentially arranged on the rod body of the plug rod (309) along its length direction; the plug rod (309) is inserted into the socket (303), and the installation bolt (308) is installed in the limiting hole (310).

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