Household garbage flexible strip-shaped object screening method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a household garbage flexible strip-shaped object screening method, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The method comprises the steps that S1, household garbage is spread, and the garbage is pushed aside along the two sides of the conveying direction through a guiding device and evenly dispersed; s2, the flexible strip-shaped objects are grabbed through a rotary separation roller, and the flexible strip-shaped objects are separated through the combination of the centrifugal force and the gravity effect; s3, the garbage which is not fully separated is subjected to secondary screening; and S4, carrying out crushing, drying and upgrading treatment on the separated flexible strip-shaped substances, and carrying out recovery treatment such as magnetic separation and vortex separation on blocky heavy substances. The screening device comprises a belt conveyor, a rotary separating roller, a collecting hopper, an auxiliary roller and a guiding device, and is provided with a clamping piece magnetic grabbing mechanism and an airflow auxiliary device. By means of the mode that mechanical grabbing, centrifugal force separation and airflow assistance are combined, efficient separation of flexible strip-shaped objects is achieved, the problem of equipment winding is avoided, and the waste incineration and pyrolysis efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly to a screening method for flexible strip-shaped objects in domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the growth of the population, the generation amount of domestic waste has increased sharply. How to efficiently and environmentally treat these solid waste has become the focus of social attention. At present, the treatment of domestic waste mainly includes landfill treatment, incineration treatment, pyrolysis treatment and other methods. However, these treatment methods all face certain technical challenges in practical applications.

[0003] Among them, landfill treatment is greatly affected by environmental factors, and the site conditions are demanding. If not properly treated, it is very easy to cause secondary pollution to ecological environments such as groundwater and soil; incineration treatment and pyrolysis treatment generate high energy consumption due to the need for high-temperature treatment of garbage. However, if domestic waste can be classified and separated, the resource utilization rate and treatment efficiency can be effectively improved. For example, separating flexible strip-shaped objects such as cotton and linen fabrics and plastics with high calorific value from domestic waste can not only improve the efficiency of incineration or pyrolysis, but also reduce energy consumption and extend the service life of equipment.

[0004] However, flexible strip-shaped objects (such as plastic bags, cotton and linen fabrics, etc.) in domestic waste not only reduce the utilization efficiency of the combustion calorific value, but also seriously affect the operation of garbage treatment equipment due to their easy entanglement characteristics, which may cause equipment blockage or even shutdown, increasing the maintenance cost and downtime. In the prior art, separation technologies and equipment for flexible strip-shaped objects in domestic waste are relatively rare, and most treatment devices are difficult to effectively solve this problem.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application proposes a screening method and device specifically for flexible strip-shaped objects in domestic waste. By designing a screening device for the front end of garbage feeding, efficient separation of flexible strip-shaped objects is achieved. This device can separate high-calorific value materials such as cotton and linen fabrics and plastics at the front end of garbage treatment, not only avoiding the entanglement problem of the subsequent equipment, but also increasing the calorific value of the garbage entering the incineration or pyrolysis device, thus significantly improving the combustion and pyrolysis efficiency. The separation method and device of the present invention can also optimize the garbage treatment process, reduce energy consumption, and extend the equipment usage cycle, providing a new solution for the harmless and resource treatment of domestic waste. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide an efficient and reliable method and device for screening flexible strips of domestic waste, which is used to separate flexible strips (such as cotton and linen fabrics, plastic bags, etc.) and blocky heavy materials in the waste, thereby avoiding the problem of flexible strips entangled in subsequent processing equipment and improving the resource utilization efficiency of waste treatment.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problem is: a method for screening flexible strips of domestic waste, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Spreading the domestic garbage: Spreading the domestic garbage mixed with flexible strips and block-shaped heavy materials perpendicular to the conveying direction along both sides and arranging them in a dispersed manner;

[0009] S2. Separation of domestic waste: The flexible strips are grabbed by a rotating mechanical structure. After being released, the flexible strips are thrown out under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, and the heavy block materials that are not grabbed are continued to be transported. The two are separated and collected separately;

[0010] S3, secondary screening: Repeat steps S1 and S2 2-3 times for the domestic waste that is not fully separated in S2.

[0011] Preferably: in the above S1, when the domestic waste is transported horizontally, the component speed along the transport direction when the domestic waste is pushed aside is the same as the transport speed.

[0012] Preferably, in S2, the tangential speed direction of the rotating and grabbing flexible strip is opposite to the conveying direction of the domestic waste, and the grabbed flexible strip is thrown out along the arc trajectory formed by grabbing by centrifugal force.

[0013] Preferably, in S2, the flexible strips in the domestic waste are further blown away by the airflow and collected centrally at the end of the airflow.

[0014] Preferably, the airflow setting angle is 30°-45° with respect to the conveying direction, and the airflow velocity is 3-6 m / s.

[0015] Preferably, the method further comprises S4, post-processing the separated flexible strips and block heavy substances:

[0016] S4-1, drying the flexible strips: crushing the flexible strips and drying them to obtain dry materials;

[0017] S4-2, upgrading the quality of flexible strips: hot sorting and upgrading the dry materials to obtain upgraded biomass powder;

[0018] S4-3. Treatment of bulk heavy materials: The bulk heavy materials are separated by magnetic separation, vortex separation, color separation and X-ray separation to obtain magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, glass, bulk organic matter and sand and gravel respectively.

[0019] A screening device based on the above-mentioned method for screening flexible strips of domestic waste is characterized by comprising:

[0020] Material conveying device: a belt conveyor is used, which uses a conveying motor to drive the conveyor belt to transport the material, and transports the domestic garbage from the feeding end to the discharging end;

[0021] Rotating separation roller: rotatably arranged above the discharge end of the material conveying device and rotated by a driving assembly, on which separation blades for grabbing the flexible strips are evenly arranged;

[0022] The collecting hopper includes a first hopper arranged at the front side of the rotating separation roller for collecting flexible strips and a second hopper arranged below the discharge end of the conveying device for collecting heavy block materials;

[0023] Auxiliary roller: It is rotatably arranged between the first hopper and the second hopper to form a gap, and is driven by a driving component to rotate in the same direction as the rotating separation roller, and the rotation speed ratio with the rotating separation roller is 1:1.

[0024] Preferably: the screening device also includes an air duct for further removing flexible strips in the material that have not been separated by the separation blades. The air ducts are arranged in pairs at the discharge end of the conveying device or on both sides of the second hopper, and the air ducts are arranged at an angle of 30°-45° to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt.

[0025] Preferably: the screening device also includes a guiding device, which includes two pairs of telescopic components arranged front and back along the conveying direction of the material conveying device, the telescopic components include two groups of obliquely arranged telescopic rods and a shifting block fixed to the telescopic part of the telescopic rod, and the spacing between the shifting block and the conveyor belt is adjustable.

[0026] Preferably, a pair of clips are slidably provided at the tip of the separation blade, and a magnetic structure for driving the two clips to be pressed toward each other and an elastic structure for driving the two clips to be separated are provided between the two clips.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0028] The present invention uses the separating blades of a rotating separating roller to grasp flexible strip-shaped objects, combined with an air flow assistance and guiding device, to achieve the precise separation of flexible strip-shaped objects and massive heavy substances, improving the accuracy and thoroughness of screening; when the separated garbage enters the subsequent treatment equipment, it no longer contains flexible strip-shaped objects that are likely to entangle the equipment, avoiding maintenance costs and operation interruptions caused by equipment blockage or shutdown; the flexible strip-shaped objects and massive heavy substances are respectively subjected to subsequent treatment, and the separated flexible strip-shaped objects with high calorific value can be processed into upgraded biomass powder, while the massive heavy substances can achieve efficient recovery of resources such as metals and glass through treatment processes such as magnetic separation and vortex separation, significantly improving the resource utilization rate of garbage. The present invention can effectively separate flexible strip-shaped objects (such as cotton and linen fabrics, plastic bags, etc.) in garbage by combining mechanical grasping, centrifugal separation and air flow assistance, avoiding the entanglement problem of subsequent equipment, while improving the efficiency of garbage incineration or pyrolysis and reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a schematic framework diagram of a method for screening flexible strip-shaped objects in domestic garbage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a screening device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 FIG. 14 is a front view of a screening device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assembly of a screening device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 FIG. 22 is a schematic layout diagram of an air duct at the discharge end of a material conveying device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a guiding device at the feeding end of a material conveying device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of a separating blade according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals in the drawings: material conveying device 1, conveyor belt 11, conveying motor 12, feeding end 13, discharge end 14, rotating separating roller 2, separating blade 21, clamping piece 22, electromagnet 23, return spring 24, V-shaped guide plate 25, chute 26, clamping part 27, strip-shaped sawtooth structure 28, collecting hopper 3, first hopper 31, second hopper 32, auxiliary roller 4, driving assembly 41, driving motor 42, synchronous belt transmission mechanism 43, baffle 44, guiding cover 51, guiding plate 52, notch 53, air duct 6, angle adjusting mechanism 61, fixed bin 62, steering gear 63, guiding device 7, telescopic assembly 71, telescopic rod 72, dialing block 73, air cylinder 74. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. The following examples are intended to explain the present invention but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for screening flexible strips of domestic waste, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. Spread out domestic waste:

[0041] The domestic waste mixed with flexible strips and block-shaped heavy materials is spread out vertically along the two sides of the conveying direction and then dispersed, so that the distribution of domestic waste is more uniform, which is convenient for subsequent screening operations. To ensure the distribution effect, when the domestic waste is transported horizontally, the screening speed of the domestic waste is the same as the conveying speed, so that the spread materials keep consistent with the conveying speed, avoid blockage caused by accumulation of materials, and ensure the stability and sustainability of the screening process.

[0042] S2. Separation of domestic waste:

[0043] The flexible strips are grabbed by rotating the rotating mechanical structure. The tangential speed direction of the rotating mechanical structure is opposite to the conveying direction of the domestic waste, thereby enhancing the grabbing effect. After being grabbed, the flexible strips are thrown out along an arc trajectory by the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity to complete the separation. The block-shaped heavy materials that are not grabbed continue to be conveyed forward with the conveying device. In order to further improve the separation effect of the flexible strips, an airflow auxiliary device is set after grabbing, and the flexible strips that are not mechanically grabbed are blown away by airflow and collected at the end of the airflow. The setting angle of the airflow is 30°-45° with the conveying direction, and the airflow speed is controlled at 3-6m / s to ensure the effective blowing of the flexible strips without affecting the conveying and separation of block-shaped heavy materials. Through this step, the flexible strips and block-shaped heavy materials are collected into the corresponding hoppers respectively, reducing the interference of the flexible strips on the subsequent processes.

[0044] S3, secondary screening:

[0045] For the household garbage that is not fully separated in S2, the separation degree of the flexible strips is further improved by repeating steps S1 and S2 2-3 times. This step can effectively reduce the residual amount of the flexible strips in the subsequent block heavy materials, thereby improving the operability of the subsequent treatment process.

[0046] To close the loop in the screening to refining process of domestic waste, this embodiment additionally adds an S4 post-treatment step. Specifically, the flexible strip-shaped materials and massive heavy materials separated in S3 are processed as follows:

[0047] S4-1. Drying of flexible strip-shaped materials:

[0048] The flexible strip-shaped materials are crushed and then dried to obtain dry materials with a lower moisture content.

[0049] S4-2. Quality improvement of flexible strip-shaped materials:

[0050] The dry materials are subjected to thermal sorting and quality improvement treatment to obtain upgraded biomass powder with a high calorific value for use in pyrolysis or combustion processes, thereby enhancing their resource utilization value.

[0051] S4-3. Treatment of massive heavy materials:

[0052] The separated massive heavy materials are successively subjected to magnetic separation, vortex separation, color sorting, and X-ray sorting to separately obtain the following several recyclable materials: magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, glass, massive organic matter, and sand and gravel. This step can not only achieve efficient resource recovery but also reduce the final landfill volume of waste.

[0053] By preliminarily separating high-calorific value materials such as cotton and linen fabrics and plastics in the form of flexible strip-shaped materials at the front end, this method effectively avoids the risk of these strip-shaped materials winding around the equipment operation, improving the operation efficiency and service life of the equipment. At the same time, the design combining mechanical grasping and air-flow assisted separation greatly enhances the separation effect. These high-calorific value flexible materials are separately processed after separation, which can improve the efficiency of subsequent pyrolysis or combustion processes and reduce energy consumption. Meanwhile, the efficient recovery of magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, glass, massive organic matter, and sand and gravel from massive heavy materials promotes the resource utilization of waste, providing a solution with both economic feasibility for modern domestic waste treatment and conforming to the concept of resource utilization.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] See Figure 2 — Figure 4 Based on the screening method of flexible strip-shaped materials in domestic waste in Example 1, this embodiment proposes a screening device that can efficiently separate flexible strip-shaped materials and massive heavy materials in domestic waste and realize the collection and subsequent treatment of the separated materials. The specific structure includes: a material conveying device 1, a rotating separation roller 2, a collecting hopper 3, and an auxiliary roller 4.

[0056] The described material conveying device 1 uses a belt conveyor to evenly convey domestic waste from the feeding end 13 to the discharging end 14. The conveyor belt 11 is driven by a conveying motor 12. The surface of the conveyor belt 11 is made of anti-slip material and is provided with a corrosion-resistant coating, making it more durable in the treatment of garbage containing water or corrosive substances.

[0057] The described rotating separation roller 2 is installed above the discharging end 14 of the material conveying device 1 and is rotated by a driving assembly 41. A plurality of separation blades 21 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the separation roller. The separation blades 21 are triangular. The separation blades 21 are fixedly connected to the rotating separation roller 2. The distance between adjacent groups of separation blades 21 is 10 - 30 mm. By setting different distances, flexible strip-shaped objects of different sizes can be grabbed. The height of a single separation blade 21 is 20 cm. Three separation blades 21 are arranged in a group (spaced 120° apart), and four separation blades 21 are arranged in an adjacent group (spaced 90° apart), with their positions staggered and arranged alternately. The rotational speed of the rotating separation roller 2 is 60 - 200 r / min. The rotational speed of the rotating separation roller 2 should be appropriate. If the speed is too high, the packages in the material will be taken out together. If the speed is too low, the material cannot be thrown and separated.

[0058] Among them, the tangential velocity direction of the point on the rotating separation roller 2 closest to the conveyor belt 11 is opposite to the conveying direction, and their relative velocity is large. When grabbing flexible strip-shaped objects, due to inertia, it is convenient to throw out the packages (block-shaped heavy substances wrapped in the flexible strip-shaped objects), so as to use centrifugal force and gravity to throw the grabbed flexible strip-shaped objects along an arc trajectory into the corresponding hopper.

[0059] The described collecting hopper 3 includes a first hopper 31 and a second hopper 32. The first hopper 31 is arranged on the front side of the rotating separation roller 2 and is used to collect the flexible strip-shaped objects grabbed and thrown out by the separation blades 21. The second hopper 32 is arranged below the discharging end 14 of the conveying device and is used to collect the separated block-shaped heavy substances. At the same time, it is also convenient to transport the material still remaining with flexible strip-shaped object blocks after collection back to the feeding end 13 of the material conveying device 1 for secondary screening. The collecting hopper 3 in this embodiment is made of high-strength materials (such as stainless steel), with a smooth inner surface, reducing garbage residue and facilitating subsequent cleaning.

[0060] In addition, in order to correctly guide the strip material to be thrown into the collecting hopper 3 when the rotary separating roller 2 rotates, a guiding cover 51 extending above the first hopper 31 is arranged above the rotary separating roller 2 in this embodiment. A guiding plate 52 is obliquely arranged on the lower side of the guiding cover 51 towards the first hopper 31. The guiding plate 52 is provided with a notch 53 adapted to the contour of the separating blade 21, so that the separating blade 21 can pass through the guiding plate 52 without being hindered during rotation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the rotary separating roller 2. A certain gap is maintained between the edge of the guiding plate 52 and the rotary separating roller 2 to avoid resistance to the movement of the rotary roller due to contact, and at the same time prevent the flexible strip material from being stuck between the guiding plate 52 and the rotary separating roller 2 or the separating blade 21. The guiding plate 52 is made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc.), and the inner surface is polished to reduce the adhesion of the flexible strip material, ensure its smooth sliding into the first hopper 31, avoid the flexible strip material that is not fully thrown out by the rotary separating roller 2 from falling into the second hopper 32, and improve the separation efficiency.

[0061] The auxiliary roller 4 is rotatably arranged between the first hopper 31 and the second hopper 32 and is driven by a driving assembly 41, and its rotation speed is synchronized with that of the rotary separating roller 2 (the rotation speed ratio is 1:1). A baffle 44 is arranged on one side of the auxiliary roller 4 in the first hopper 31, which can further push the separated flexible strip material along its upper surface into the first hopper 31, avoid misentering the second hopper 32, and at the same time provide safety isolation to prevent serious safety accidents caused by accidental contact between the operator and the rotary separating roller 2 during the process of handling the materials in the first hopper 31. In this embodiment, the diameter of the rotary separating roller 2 is 75 cm, and the diameter ratio of the rotary separating roller 2 to the auxiliary roller 4 is 3:1, that is, the diameter of the auxiliary roller 4 is 25 cm, and the axial length of the rotary separating roller 2 is 1 m. The driving assembly 41 in this embodiment includes a driving motor 42 axially connected to the auxiliary roller 4, and the driving motor 42 is connected to the rotary separating roller 2 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism 43, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the auxiliary roller 4 and the rotary separating roller 2.

[0062] See Figure 5In order to improve the separation effect, the screening device is equipped with a plurality of pairs of air ducts 6, which are installed on both sides of the discharge end 14 of the conveying device or the second hopper 32 (which can also be set at the same time). The diameter of the air duct 6 is 1 cm, and the air supply device (not shown in the figure) such as an external blower is used to ventilate the air duct 6. The gas flow rate in the air duct 6 is 3-6 m / s. The angle of the air duct 6 is 30°-45° with the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 11. The gas flow rate in the air duct 6 is strictly controlled. Through the setting of the air duct 6, the air duct 6 blows away the small flexible strips that are not caught by the separation blade 21 through the air flow, and blows them to the rough outer surface of the auxiliary roller 4, so that the flexible strips are brought into the first hopper 31, and the flexible strips that are not separated by the separation blade 21 in the material are further removed, so that the separation of the flexible strips in the material is more thorough. The remaining materials in the second hopper 32 are transported to the rotating separation roller 2 for separation after 2-3 cycles, and the heavy block materials are retained. In this embodiment, the air duct 6 is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism 61, and the angle adjustment structure includes a fixed bin 62 and a servo 63. The air duct 6 is rotatably arranged in the fixed bin 62, and the driving shaft of the servo 63 is connected and fixed to the air duct 6. The servo 63 drives the driving shaft to drive the air duct 6 to rotate to achieve the angle adjustment of the air duct 6. The air flow direction can be flexibly changed by adjusting the angle of the air duct 6, and the air flow direction can be dynamically adjusted to achieve a blowing effect (the flexible strips will be blown from the previous air duct 6 to the next air duct 6 in turn until the auxiliary roller 4), thereby accelerating the separation of the remaining flexible strips that have not been caught by the rotating separation roller 2, and cleaning the materials at the discharge end 14 and the second hopper 32 to avoid blockage, thereby further improving the separation efficiency of the flexible strips.

[0063] See also Figure 6 The screening device in this embodiment is also equipped with a guide device 7, which includes two or more pairs of telescopic components 71 arranged front and back along the conveying direction, each pair of telescopic components 71 includes two groups of obliquely arranged telescopic rods 72, and a shifting block 73 is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod 72. The height of the shifting block 73 relative to the conveyor belt 11 (i.e., the distance between the two) is adjustable. The shifting block 73 in this embodiment is pressed down and rebounded by a cylinder 74, so that the shifting block 73 moves from the center of the conveyor belt 11 to both ends while pressing down, and then rebounds to the center of the conveyor belt 11 through the return path above, and so on. The distance between the two pairs of telescopic components 71 can ensure that there is always a group of shifting blocks 73 moving from the center of the conveyor belt 11 to both ends on the conveyor belt 11 to spread the flexible strip. In this embodiment, the guide device 7 can shift the domestic garbage perpendicular to the conveying direction, so that the garbage is evenly distributed, which is convenient for the rotating separation roller 2 to grab the flexible strip. In addition, the telescopic assembly 71 is controlled by a servo motor, and the telescopic rod 72 adopts a servo electric cylinder, and its telescopic frequency is synchronized with the speed of the conveyor belt 11 to ensure the stable distribution of garbage during the transportation process.

[0064] The telescopic rod 72 described in this embodiment is 30°-60° with the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 11. When the conveyor belt 11 has the same moving speed, when the angle is set to 30°, the telescopic stroke of the telescopic rod 72 is longer, the area spread by a single shift of the shift block 73 is also larger, the setting spacing of the two pairs of telescopic components 71 is larger and occupies the installation space, and the large telescopic range of the shift block 73 increases the risk of the telescopic rod 72 being entangled; when the angle is set to 60°, the telescopic stroke of the telescopic rod 72 is shorter, the area spread by a single shift of the shift block 73 is also smaller, and the shifting frequency of the shift block 73 is also larger, which affects the service life of the telescopic rod 72. Therefore, the intermediate value of 45° can be selected as the setting angle of the telescopic rod 72. Compared with 30° and 60°, it can reduce the installation space occupied by the telescopic component 71 when the length of the telescopic rod 72 is moderate, while maintaining a larger single shift spreading area of ​​the shift block 73.

[0065] In this embodiment, the moving speed of the conveyor belt 11 needs to match the telescopic speed of the telescopic rod 72: Under the premise that the telescopic rod 72 is set at an angle of 45°, the moving speed of the conveyor belt 11 is equal to the ratio of the telescopic speed of the telescopic rod 72 to the telescopic speed of the telescopic rod 72. If the ratio is greater than this value, the conveyor belt 11 is transported faster, and the telescopic rod 72 does not have time to fully spread the materials on the conveyor belt 11. At the same time, the telescopic rod 72 is more likely to be entangled by the relatively fast flexible strip during transportation, causing failure; if the ratio is less than this value, the telescopic rod 72 is retracted faster. At this time, although the materials can be fully spread, the speed of the conveyor belt 11 is faster when the materials are spread apart. Frequent friction between the materials and the surface of the conveyor belt 11 can easily cause fatigue of the conveyor belt 11, affecting the service life of the telescopic assembly 71 and the conveyor belt 11. The telescopic rod 72 of this embodiment is arranged at 45° and at a speed relative to the conveyor belt 11. The ratio relationship ensures that the separated materials keep the same speed as the conveyor belt 11, avoiding the accumulation of materials and ensuring the continuity and stability of the screening process.

[0066] See also Figure 7, in this embodiment, a pair of clamping pieces 22 are slidably arranged at the tip of the separation blade 21. Both clamping pieces 22 are made of magnetic materials (including ferromagnetic metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel) and can be adsorbed by a magnet. A magnetic structure for driving the two clamping pieces 22 to approach and squeeze each other and an elastic structure for driving the two clamping pieces 22 to separate are arranged between the two clamping pieces 22. The magnetic structure adopts an internal electromagnet 23. When the rotating separation roller 2 runs to the grasping position (the position close to the conveyor belt 11), the electromagnet 23 is powered on to generate magnetic force, causing the two clamping pieces 22 to approach and clamp the flexible strip. When the strip is grasped and moves to the throwing position (between the guiding cover 51 and the guiding plate 52) along with the rotating blade, the electromagnet 23 is powered off, and the clamping pieces 22 separate under the action of the elastic structure (a return spring 24 is adopted in this embodiment), thereby releasing the flexible strip. Specifically, a V-shaped guide plate 25 is arranged on the clamping piece 22, and a chute 26 slidably adapted to the V-shaped guide plate 25 is opened at the tip of the separation blade 21. The V-shaped structure of the V-shaped guide plate 25 can prevent the clamping piece 22 from disengaging from the tip when centrifugal force is generated during the rotation of the separation blade 21, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping piece 22 when grasping and releasing the flexible strip. The elastic structure adopts two return springs 24. The V-shaped guide plate 25 has two branches, and both ends of each return spring 24 are respectively connected and fixed to the branched ends of the two clamping pieces 22. The return spring 24 provides a thrust when the magnetic structure is powered off, ensuring that the two clamping pieces 22 quickly separate and return to their original positions after grasping and releasing the flexible strip. The magnetic structure is arranged between the two clamping pieces 22. The two clamping pieces 22 are driven to approach each other by magnetic attraction when grasping the flexible strip, and at the same time, it also plays a role in blocking the position of the clamping piece 22 to prevent the clamping piece 22 from sliding out along the chute 26. The clamping portion 27 of the clamping piece 22 is designed as a convex structure, and a strip-shaped serrated structure 28 is arranged on the clamping portion 27, and the strip-shaped serrated structures 28 of the two clamping pieces 22 are interlaced and engaged with each other, which can enhance the friction force when clamping the flexible strip, and the flexible strip is firmly clamped. The clamping piece 22 in this embodiment adopts a smooth arc to avoid cutting the flexible strip during the grasping process, thereby improving the integrity of separating the flexible strip.

[0067] The above content described in this specification is only an example of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the content of this specification of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by this claims, they should all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screening method for flexible strip-shaped domestic waste, characterized in that, The steps include: S1. Spreading the domestic garbage: Spreading the domestic garbage mixed with flexible strips and block-shaped heavy materials perpendicular to the conveying direction along both sides and arranging them in a dispersed manner; S2. Separation of domestic waste: The flexible strips are grabbed by a rotating mechanical structure. After being released, the flexible strips are thrown out under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, and the heavy block materials that are not grabbed are continued to be transported. The two are separated and collected separately; S3, secondary screening: Repeat steps S1 and S2 2-3 times for the domestic waste that is not fully separated in S2.

2. The screening method for flexible strip-shaped domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the above-mentioned S1, when the domestic waste is transported horizontally, the component speed along the transport direction when the domestic waste is pushed aside is equal to the transport speed.

3. The screening method for flexible strip-shaped domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the above-mentioned S2, the tangential speed direction of the rotating and grabbing flexible strip is opposite to the conveying direction of the domestic waste, and the grabbed flexible strip is thrown out along the arc trajectory formed by grabbing by centrifugal force.

4. The screening method for flexible strip-shaped domestic waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the S2, the flexible strips in the domestic garbage are further blown away by the airflow and collected at the end of the airflow.

5. The screening method for flexible strips of domestic waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The airflow setting angle is 30°-45° with respect to the conveying direction, and the airflow speed is 3-6m / s.

6. The screening method for flexible strip-shaped domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes S4. Post-processing the separated flexible strips and block heavy substances: S4-1, drying the flexible strips: crushing the flexible strips and drying them to obtain dry materials; S4-2, upgrading the quality of flexible strips: hot sorting and upgrading the dry materials to obtain upgraded biomass powder; S4-3. Treatment of bulk heavy materials: The bulk heavy materials are separated by magnetic separation, vortex separation, color separation and X-ray separation to obtain magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, glass, bulk organic matter and sand and gravel respectively.

7. A screening device for the screening method of flexible strip-shaped domestic waste according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Material conveying device: a belt conveyor is used, which uses a conveying motor to drive the conveyor belt to transport the material, and transports the domestic garbage from the feeding end to the discharging end; Rotating separation roller: rotatably arranged above the discharge end of the material conveying device and rotated by a driving assembly, and evenly provided with separation blades for grabbing the flexible strips; The collecting hopper includes a first hopper arranged at the front side of the rotating separation roller for collecting flexible strips and a second hopper arranged below the discharge end of the conveying device for collecting heavy block materials; Auxiliary roller: It is rotatably arranged between the first hopper and the second hopper to form a gap, and is driven by a driving component to rotate in the same direction as the rotating separation roller, and the rotation speed ratio with the rotating separation roller is 1:

1.

8. The flexible strip screening device for domestic waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screening device also includes an air duct for further removing flexible strips in the material that are not separated by the separation blades. The air ducts are arranged in pairs at the discharge end of the conveying device or on both sides of the second hopper, and the air ducts are arranged at an angle of 30°-45° to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt.

9. The screening device for flexible strips of domestic waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screening device also includes a guiding device, which includes two pairs of telescopic components arranged front and back along the conveying direction of the material conveying device. The telescopic components include two groups of obliquely arranged telescopic rods and a shifting block fixed to the telescopic part of the telescopic rod. The distance between the shifting block and the conveyor belt is adjustable.

10. The screening device for flexible strips of domestic waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pair of clips are slidably arranged at the tip of the separation blade, and a magnetic structure for driving the two clips to be close to each other and squeezed and an elastic structure for driving the two clips to be separated are arranged between the two clips.

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