Coupling disassembling device and disassembling method

Abstract

The invention provides a coupler disassembling device and method, and relates to the technical field of equipment disassembling, the coupler disassembling device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of connecting bolts, an auxiliary tool top plate and an induction control cabinet, and the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is sleeved with the auxiliary tool top plate; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is used for abutting against a transmission shaft of decomposed equipment, one end of the connecting bolt is connected with the auxiliary tool top plate, the other end of the connecting bolt is used for being connected with a coupler arranged on the transmission shaft in a sleeving mode, and the induction control cabinet is connected with an induction coil wound around the surface of the coupler. The hydraulic cylinder is used for heating the coupler through the induction coil, and the hydraulic cylinder is further used for driving the coupler to move in the direction away from the decomposed equipment after heating the coupler. The method can save the decomposition time and improve the decomposition efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of equipment disassembly, and more specifically, to a coupling disassembly device and a disassembly method. Background Art

[0002] A coupling is a key component for connecting two shafts in mechanical transmission, connecting the output shaft of a power source (such as a motor, a speed reducer) to the drive shaft of a drum to ensure efficient power transmission. With the increasing demand for equipment upgrade and transformation in the metallurgical market, quickly and efficiently disassembling large couplings has become the key to improving the overall maintenance efficiency.

[0003] In the related art, for the interference fit connection method of an oversized coupling and a drum, lubricants and a hydraulic puller are mainly used to apply tensile force to help overcome the frictional force generated by the interference fit to disassemble the coupling. However, the lubricant has limited effect on oversized couplings, and it is difficult for the hydraulic puller to quickly and efficiently pull out the coupling, resulting in low efficiency of disassembling the coupling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is how to improve the efficiency of disassembling the coupling.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a coupling disassembly device and a disassembly method.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a coupling disassembly device, including a hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of connecting bolts, an auxiliary tool top plate, and an induction control cabinet. The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is sleeved with the auxiliary tool top plate. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is used to abut against the transmission shaft of the device to be disassembled. One end of the connecting bolt is connected to the auxiliary tool top plate, and the other end is used to be connected to the coupling sleeved on the transmission shaft. The induction control cabinet is connected to the induction coil wound around the surface of the coupling and is used to heat the coupling through the induction coil. The hydraulic cylinder is further used to drive the coupling to move away from the device to be disassembled after heating the coupling.

[0007] Optionally, the coupling disassembly device further includes a pressure oil pipe. One end of the pressure oil pipe is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected to a hydraulic station.

[0008] Optionally, a hydraulic pump switch is further provided on the pressure oil pipe.

[0009] Optionally, a reversing valve is further provided on the pressure oil pipe.

[0010] Optionally, a heat preservation layer is provided on the surface of the coupling.

[0011] Optionally, the heat preservation layer includes a silica-aluminum heat preservation blanket.

[0012] Optionally, the heat insulation layer includes a flexible aerogel felt, a vacuum insulation panel, and a high-temperature resistant silicone coating cloth that are sequentially stacked, and the flexible aerogel felt is disposed on the surface of the coupling.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a coupling decomposition method, which applies the coupling decomposition device as described in the first aspect. The coupling decomposition method includes: Determine the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the coupling obtained; After heating the coupling to the heating temperature threshold by controlling the induction coil through the induction control cabinet, turn off the induction coil and start the hydraulic cylinder to pull the coupling.

[0014] Optionally, the step of determining the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the coupling obtained includes: Determine the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters by using a heating temperature formula, and the heating temperature formula includes: T = e / (a*d)+t=(l + l) / (a*d)+t; Wherein, T is the heating temperature threshold, e is the thermal expansion amount of the inner diameter of the coupling, a is the linear expansion coefficient of the material, d is the combined diameter, t is the ambient temperature, l is the interference amount, and l is the minimum clearance during hot fitting.

[0015] The beneficial effect of a coupling decomposition device of the present invention is: A auxiliary tool top plate is sleeved on the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder abuts against the transmission shaft of the equipment to be disassembled, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic station through a pressure oil pipe. One end of the connecting bolt is connected to the auxiliary tool top plate, and the other end is used to connect to the coupling sleeved on the transmission shaft. When the hydraulic cylinder performs the ejection work, it can apply pressure to the transmission shaft of the equipment to be disassembled, and under the influence of the reaction force, pull the coupling to separate it from the transmission shaft. Before separation, the coupling can be heated through the induction control cabinet and the induction coil wound on the surface of the coupling, and the interference amount between the coupling and the transmission shaft can be reduced by increasing the temperature, thereby reducing the disassembly difficulty, and then enabling the hydraulic cylinder to quickly pull out the coupling, saving a large amount of disassembly time and improving the efficiency of disassembling the coupling.

[0016] The beneficial effect of a coupling decomposition method of the present invention is: By determining the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the coupling, the most suitable disassembly temperature can be accurately determined, so as to facilitate the hydraulic cylinder to quickly pull out the coupling, saving a large amount of disassembly time and improving the efficiency of disassembling the coupling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the coupling decomposition device provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of the coupling decomposition method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Pressure pump switch; 2. Directional control valve; 3. Pressure pipe; 4. Coupling; 5. Equipment to be disassembled; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Connecting bolt; 8. Auxiliary tool top plate; 9. Transmission shaft; 10. Induction coil; 11. Induction control cabinet. Specific embodiments

[0019] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] The term "including" and its variants used herein are open-ended, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" is "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiment". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0021] It should be noted that the modification of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present invention is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly stated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0022] In view of the problems existing in the above related technologies, this embodiment provides a coupling decomposition device and a decomposition method.

[0023] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a coupling decomposition device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a hydraulic cylinder 6, a plurality of connecting bolts 7, an auxiliary tool top plate 8, and an induction control cabinet 11. The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is sleeved with the auxiliary tool top plate 8. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is used to abut against the transmission shaft 9 of the device to be decomposed 5. One end of the connecting bolt 7 is connected to the auxiliary tool top plate 8, and the other end is used to connect to the coupling 4 sleeved on the transmission shaft 9. The induction control cabinet 11 is connected to the induction coil 10 wound around the surface of the coupling 4, and is used to heat the coupling 4 through the induction coil 10. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is further used to drive the coupling 4 to move away from the device to be decomposed 5 after heating the coupling 4.

[0024] Specifically, the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is sleeved with the auxiliary tool top plate 8. The force-bearing surface of the auxiliary tool top plate 8 faces the hydraulic cylinder 6. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is used to abut against the transmission shaft 9 of the device to be decomposed 5, so that during the decomposition process, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 applies a thrust to the transmission shaft 9 of the device to be decomposed 5. Since the transmission shaft 9 of the device to be decomposed 5 is stationary, one end of the connecting bolt 7 is connected to the auxiliary tool top plate 8, and the other end is used to connect to the coupling 4 sleeved on the transmission shaft 9. Therefore, under the influence of the reaction force, the hydraulic cylinder 6 will pull the coupling 4 off the transmission shaft 9. The induction control cabinet 11 is connected to the induction coil 10 wound around the surface of the coupling 4. Through the principle of induction heating, the induction coil 10 is used to heat the coupling 4. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is further used to drive the coupling 4 to move away from the device to be decomposed 5 after heating the coupling 4. After the heating of the coupling 4 is completed, when the hydraulic cylinder 6 works, the heating operation of the induction coil 10 on the coupling 4 is stopped to ensure the safety of the decomposition process and avoid accidents. Exemplarily, the power supply power requirements of the induction coil 10 and the induction control cabinet 11 are connected with three-phase 380V. It should be ensured that the connection is firm and the contact resistance at the electrical connection is reduced to avoid a serious voltage drop during operation. At the same time, it is ensured that the grounding of each device is good to prevent electric shock, and waterproof raw material tape is not used during installation, and only bare connection is allowed to avoid poor connection affecting normal use.

[0025] In this embodiment, an auxiliary tool top plate 8 is sleeved on the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 6. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 abuts against the transmission shaft 9 of the equipment to be disassembled 5. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to the hydraulic station through a pressure pipe 3. One end of the connecting bolt 7 is connected to the auxiliary tool top plate 8, and the other end is used to connect to the coupling 4 sleeved on the transmission shaft 9. When the hydraulic cylinder 6 performs the ejection work, it can apply pressure to the transmission shaft 9 of the equipment to be disassembled 5. Under the influence of the reaction force, the coupling 4 is pulled to be separated from the transmission shaft 9. Before the separation, the coupling 4 can be heated through the induction control cabinet 11 and the induction coil 10 wound around the surface of the coupling 4. By increasing the temperature, the interference fit between the coupling 4 and the transmission shaft 9 is reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty. Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder 6 can quickly pull out the coupling 4, saving a large amount of disassembly time and improving the efficiency of disassembling the coupling.

[0026] Optionally, the coupling disassembling device further includes a pressure pipe 3. One end of the pressure pipe 3 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic station.

[0027] Specifically, the coupling disassembling device further includes a pressure pipe 3. One end of the pressure pipe 3 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the other end is connected to the hydraulic station. During the disassembly process, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is back-pressured by 5 MPa by the hydraulic station, and the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is adjusted according to the interference fit between the coupling 4 and the transmission shaft 9.

[0028] Exemplarily, in specific application scenarios such as heavy machinery and metallurgical equipment, "large-size" couplings often refer to those couplings used to connect large motors to pumps, large gearboxes or other key rotating equipment. These couplings not only have large sizes, but also must be able to withstand high torques, rotational speeds and other challenges in the working environment. A "large-size" coupling can be regarded as having a larger size if its outer diameter (or mating surface diameter) exceeds 300 mm to more than 500 mm.

[0029] Optionally, a hydraulic pump switch 1 is further provided on the pressure pipe 3.

[0030] Specifically, a hydraulic pump switch 1 is further provided on the pressure pipe 3 to control the start and stop of the hydraulic cylinder 6.

[0031] Optionally, a reversing valve 2 is further provided on the pressure pipe 3.

[0032] Specifically, a reversing valve 2 is further provided on the pressure pipe 3 to control the flow direction of the hydraulic oil. By changing the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, the reversing valve 2 can change the movement direction of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 6, thereby achieving various action requirements.

[0033] Optionally, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the surface of the coupling 4.

[0034] Specifically, the surface of the coupling 4 is provided with a heat-insulating layer to optimize the effect of the induction heating process, ensure that heat can be effectively concentrated on the part to be heated, and at the same time reduce unnecessary heat loss. Meanwhile, the heat-insulating layer helps to keep the heat distribution more uniform, avoiding phenomena such as local overheating or uneven cooling. This is crucial for ensuring the safe disassembly of the coupling, because uneven heating may cause material deformation or damage. In addition, the heat-insulating layer can also reduce the surface temperature in the working area, thereby reducing the risk of scalding, preventing other safety hazards caused by high temperature, reducing the impact on adjacent components, and maintaining the overall safety of the equipment.

[0035] Optionally, the heat-insulating layer comprises an aluminosilicate heat-insulating blanket.

[0036] Specifically, the heat-insulating layer comprises an aluminosilicate heat-insulating blanket, which has a low thermal conductivity, meaning that it can effectively reduce the heat loss to the surrounding environment, ensure that most of the heat is concentrated on the coupling 4 to be heated, improve the heating efficiency, and save energy.

[0037] Optionally, the heat-insulating layer comprises a flexible aerogel felt, a vacuum insulation panel, and a high-temperature resistant silicone-coated cloth that are sequentially stacked, and the flexible aerogel felt is disposed on the surface of the coupling 4.

[0038] Specifically, the flexible aerogel felt is used as the innermost layer material, directly contacting the surface of the coupling 4. The flexible aerogel felt has an extremely low thermal conductivity and good flexibility, can closely fit the complex contour of the coupling, reduce heat loss while ensuring the convenience of installation. A vacuum insulation panel (VIP) is wrapped outside the aerogel felt. The vacuum insulation panel consists of a core material and a sealing film, and the inside is in a highly evacuated state, which can effectively prevent heat conduction, further enhance the overall heat insulation performance, and at the same time keep the structure light and will not bring too much extra weight to the coupling. The outermost layer is covered with a high-temperature resistant silicone-coated cloth to cover the entire heat-insulating structure. The high-temperature resistant silicone-coated cloth has excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength, can resist the influence of the external environment, and is easy to fix and disassemble. It also provides additional protection to prevent the heat-insulating material from being damaged during handling or operation.

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, a coupling decomposition method provided by an embodiment of the present invention uses the coupling decomposition device as described above. The coupling decomposition method includes: Determine the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the obtained coupling 4.

[0040] Specifically, the actual parameters of the coupling 4 are obtained, and the basic data during the heating process are set. For example, the mating surface diameter is φ650mm, the outer diameter of the external gear sleeve is φ1000mm, the length of the mating surface is 750mm, the interference amount is taken as 0.75mm in diameter, the weight of the external gear sleeve is 2870kg, and it is defined that 1 joule = 2.78×10-7 kilowatt-hours, and the specific heat capacity of iron = 460J / (kg*℃) = 1.2788*10-4 kw.h / (kg*℃). It is set that the disassembly can be completed when the interference amount of the mating surface is zero. At this time, the thermal expansion of the external gear sleeve is 0.75mm. According to past disassembly experience, since heating is applied to the external gear sleeve, part of the heat will be transferred to the drum. After disassembly, the temperature of the drum is about 55℃, and the linear expansion coefficient of the external gear sleeve is taken as 11*10-6 / ℃. Then, according to the actual parameters, the heating temperature threshold suitable for disassembly is determined.

[0041] After the induction control cabinet 11 controls the induction coil 10 to heat the coupling 4 to the heating temperature threshold, the induction coil 10 is turned off, and the hydraulic cylinder 6 is started to pull the coupling 4.

[0042] Specifically, after the induction control cabinet 11 controls the induction coil 10 to heat the coupling 4 to the heating temperature threshold, the induction coil 10 is turned off to stop heating to avoid accidents. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 6 is started to pull the coupling 4 until the disassembly is completed.

[0043] In this embodiment, by determining the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the coupling 4, the most suitable disassembly temperature can be accurately determined, so that the hydraulic cylinder 6 can quickly pull out the coupling 4, saving a large amount of disassembly time and improving the efficiency of disassembling the coupling.

[0044] Optionally, determining the heating temperature threshold according to the obtained actual parameters of the coupling 4 includes: According to the actual parameters, using the heating temperature formula, the heating temperature threshold is determined. The heating temperature formula includes: T = e / (a*d)+t=(l1 + l2) / (a*d)+t; Wherein, T is the heating temperature threshold, e is the thermal expansion of the inner diameter of the coupling 4, a is the linear expansion coefficient of the material, d is the mating diameter, t is the ambient temperature, l1 is the interference amount, and l2 is the minimum clearance during hot installation.

[0045] Specifically, T is the heating temperature threshold in degrees Celsius, that is, the temperature to which the coupling 4 and the transmission shaft 9 need to be heated during heating. e is the thermal expansion amount of the inner diameters of the coupling 4 and the transmission shaft 9, which is equal to the sum of the interference amount l1 and the minimum clearance l2 during hot fitting, reflecting the change amount of the inner diameters of the coupling 4 and the transmission shaft 9 caused by thermal expansion. a is the linear expansion coefficient of the material, d is the mating diameter, t is the ambient temperature, l1 is the interference amount, and l2 is the minimum clearance during hot fitting.

[0046] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupling disassembly device, characterized in that, It includes a hydraulic cylinder (6), a plurality of connecting bolts (7), an auxiliary tool top plate (8), and an induction control cabinet (11). The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is sleeved with the auxiliary tool top plate (8). The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is used to abut against the transmission shaft (9) of the equipment to be disassembled (5). One end of the connecting bolt (7) is connected to the auxiliary tool top plate (8), and the other end is used to be connected to a coupling (4) sleeved on the transmission shaft (9). The induction control cabinet (11) is connected to an induction coil (10) wound around the surface of the coupling (4) and is used to heat the coupling (4) through the induction coil (10). The hydraulic cylinder (6) is further used to drive the coupling (4) to move away from the equipment to be disassembled (5) after heating the coupling (4).

2. The coupling decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a pressure oil pipe (3). One end of the pressure oil pipe (3) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (6), and the other end is connected to a hydraulic station.

3. The coupling decomposition device according to claim 2, wherein, A hydraulic pump switch (1) is further provided on the pressure oil pipe (3).

4. The coupling decomposition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A reversing valve (2) is further provided on the pressure oil pipe (3).

5. The coupling decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat preservation layer is provided on the surface of the coupling (4).

6. The coupling disassembling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat preservation layer includes a refractory fiber insulation blanket.

7. The coupling decomposition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat preservation layer includes a flexible aerogel felt, a vacuum insulation panel, and a high-temperature resistant silicone coating cloth that are sequentially stacked. The flexible aerogel felt is provided on the surface of the coupling (4).

8. The coupling disassembling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydraulic cylinder (6) is coaxially arranged with the coupling (4).

9. A coupling decomposition method, characterized in that, Applying the coupling disassembling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the coupling disassembling method includes: Determining a heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the coupling (4) obtained; After controlling the induction coil (10) to heat the coupling (4) to the heating temperature threshold through the induction control cabinet (11), turning off the induction coil (10) and starting the hydraulic cylinder (6) to pull the coupling (4).

10. The coupling decomposition method according to claim 9, wherein The determining the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters of the coupling (4) obtained includes: Determining the heating temperature threshold according to the actual parameters by using a heating temperature formula, and the heating temperature formula includes: T = e / (a*d) + t = (l1 + l2) / (a*d) + t; Wherein, T is the heating temperature threshold, e is the thermal expansion amount of the inner diameter of the coupling (4), a is the linear expansion coefficient of the material, d is the mating diameter, t is the ambient temperature, l1 is the interference amount, and l2 is the minimum clearance during hot fitting.

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