Building 3D printing equipment with printing head convenient to replace

Abstract

The invention discloses building 3D printing equipment with a printing head convenient to replace. A storage tank is fixed to the upper portion of a lifting frame, a discharging pipe is welded to the bottom end of the storage tank, a flange ring is welded to the lower portion of the outer ring of the discharging pipe, and a sealing piece used for closing the discharging pipe is installed in the discharging pipe; a driving mechanism used for closing a closing part and the closing part are installed on the flange ring, a rotating disc is rotatably installed below the lifting frame, a plurality of installation parts distributed in an annular array mode are arranged on the rotating disc, and printing heads are connected to the installation parts in a sleeving mode. A plurality of printing heads of different specifications and sizes are arranged on the rotating disc, an abutting ring, a jacking spring arranged in a matched mode and a driving mechanism are arranged on the upper portion of the outer ring of each printing head, the printing heads can move downwards to be separated from the discharging pipe, the needed printing heads are rotated to be located below the discharging pipe to be installed and locked, and the needed printing heads can be rapidly replaced according to needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building printing, and particularly relates to a building 3D printing device that is convenient for replacing a print head. Background Art

[0002] The main principle of current concrete three-dimensional printing devices is to convert the data file in the computer into print path data, and the computer controls the movement of the concrete printing extrusion head according to the path data, thereby controlling the progress of concrete printing. During the printing process, due to the different design processes of some local parts of the building, the thickness and fineness of the concrete required for printing will also be different. Usually, after printing these different parts, the parts with the same process are printed at one time, and then print heads of different specifications are replaced to print the remaining parts. During the replacement process, it is necessary to move the control printer away from the building itself, and then manually replace the print head. After the replacement is completed, printing is carried out again, which makes the overall operation time longer. After part of the concrete has solidified, printing and pouring are carried out again. The secondary pouring of concrete will reduce the strength of the concrete, affect its service life, and a horizontal construction joint needs to be set, which will affect the appearance. To solve these problems, construction joint treatment is required, resulting in complex construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A building 3D printing device that is convenient for replacing a print head proposed by the present invention solves the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A building 3D printing device that is convenient for replacing a print head includes a gantry. A moving module is installed above the gantry. A moving frame is installed on the slider of the moving module. A lifting frame is slidably installed up and down on the front side of the moving frame. Installation openings are formed through the upper and lower sides of the lifting frame. A storage tank is fixed above the lifting frame. A discharge pipe is welded to the bottom end of the storage tank. The lower end of the discharge pipe passes through the installation opening and is located below the lifting frame. A flange ring is welded to the lower outer circle of the discharge pipe. A closing member for closing the discharge pipe is installed in the discharge pipe. A driving mechanism and a closing member for closing the closing member are installed on the flange ring. The closing member is connected to the closing member; A rotating disk is rotatably installed below the lifting frame. A plurality of mounting members are arranged on the rotating disk in an annular array. Print heads are sleeved on the mounting members. The upper end of one of the print heads abuts against the lower end of the discharge pipe.

[0005] Preferably, a plurality of linearly distributed lifting sliders are symmetrically fixed on the front side of the moving frame, two sets of lifting rails are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the rear side of the lifting frame, the lifting rails are slidably connected with the lifting sliders, and two sets of hydraulic cylinders I are symmetrically distributed and installed at the top of the moving frame. The push rod of the hydraulic cylinder I passes through the moving frame and is connected with the lower lifting frame. Two openings are formed above the moving frame, and the two openings are respectively located directly above the two lifting rails, and the size of the openings is larger than the cross-sectional size of the lifting rails.

[0006] Preferably, a auger is rotatably installed inside the storage tank through a bearing. The upper end of the auger passes through the storage tank and is located above the storage tank. A feeding motor is installed above the storage tank. The feeding motor is connected with the auger through a coupling. A feeding pipe is installed above the storage tank. The other end of the feeding pipe is connected with an external concrete mixer through a feeding device. Concrete can continuously enter the storage tank through the feeding pipe, and the auger can discharge the concrete inside the storage tank at a specified speed without blockage.

[0007] Preferably, the closing member includes a plurality of mounting shaft frames fixedly arranged in an annular array on the lower inner wall of the discharge pipe. Each mounting shaft frame is rotatably installed with a closing arc plate through a shaft pin. The plurality of closing arc plates are in contact with each other to form a conical structure, and the bottom end of the conical structure is located above the inside of the printing head. The lower side of the end of the closing arc plate close to the inner wall of the discharge pipe is flush with the lower surface of the discharge pipe. A pull rope is connected to each closing arc plate. A torsion spring is arranged on the shaft pin of the mounting shaft frame. One end of the torsion spring is connected with the mounting shaft frame, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected with the closing arc plate. And the torsion spring makes the closing arc plate always have a tendency to deflect downward. Without external force other than the torsion spring, the plurality of closing arc plates are away from each other, thus facilitating the discharge of concrete. A plurality of rubber sleeves are embedded in an annular array on the inner wall of the discharge pipe. The other end of the pull rope is located outside the discharge pipe through the rubber sleeve. The rubber sleeve makes it difficult for the internal concrete to flow out, and can also remove the sundries attached to the surface of the pull rope when the pull rope is stretched outward.

[0008] Preferably, the closing member includes a plurality of translation blocks sliding and distributed in a ring on the upper surface of the flange ring. The other end of the pull rope is connected with the translation block. A moving guide hole is formed through the translation block up and down. A guide block is slidably installed in the moving guide hole. The bottom end of the guide block is fixed to the upper surface of the flange ring. The number and position distribution of the translation blocks correspond to the plurality of pull ropes one by one. The cross sections of the moving guide hole and the guide block are in a cross shape, which enables the translation block to move linearly towards the center of the discharge pipe. A conical structure will be formed between the plurality of closing arc plates, and the inside of the discharge pipe will be blocked, so that the materials in the storage tank will not be discharged. A contact frame is fixed above the translation block. A moving inclined surface is formed by removing a part of the upper side of the contact frame facing the discharge pipe. The lower side of the contact frame facing the discharge pipe is vertically designed with the upper side of the translation block to form a lifting surface, and the cross-section of the contact frame is in the structure of a right trapezoid.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes two groups of hydraulic cylinders II symmetrically fixed on the lifting frame front and back. The push rods of the hydraulic cylinders II pass through the lifting frame and are located below the lifting frame. A lifting ring frame is installed between the push rods of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders II. The lifting ring frame is slidably sleeved on the discharge pipe up and down. A plurality of pressing rollers are arranged at equal intervals below the lifting ring frame; When the plurality of closed arc plates move away from each other and unfold, the closed arc plates will pull one end of the pull rope downward, and the other end of the pull rope will drive the translation block and the contact frame to move toward the side of the discharge pipe. When the closed arc plates are fully unfolded, the translation block is at the innermost side, and at this time, the pressing rollers are above the moving inclined surface.

[0010] Preferably, a support ring is suspended and fixed below the lifting frame through a bracket. An annular track is installed above the support ring. The rotating disk is rotatably installed on the annular track through a slider. A precision dividing head is installed above the lifting frame. The output shaft of the precision dividing head is fixed to the rotating disk. The precision dividing head can make the rotating disk deflect at a set angle, and the angle of each rotation is the same; A plurality of lifting ports distributed in an annular array are arranged through the rotating disk up and down, and a plurality of circular ports distributed in an annular shape are opened around each lifting port. The lower end of the print head passes through the lifting port and is located below the rotating disk.

[0011] Preferably, an installation ring is welded to the outer upper end of the outer ring of the print head. A conical protrusion is formed by protruding the inner side of the upper end of the installation ring. The inner wall of the flange ring is chamfered to form a conical groove. When the print head is docked with the discharge pipe, the conical protrusion on the abutting ring can be inserted into the conical groove to form a sealing surface, improving the sealing effect between the two; The installation part includes an abutting ring. A plurality of guide rods distributed in an annular array are fixed to the lower end of the abutting ring. The lower ends of the guide rods pass through the circular ports and are located below the rotating disk. A jacking spring is sleeved on the guide rods. The upper and lower ends of the jacking spring are respectively abutted against the upper surface of the rotating disk and the lower surface of the abutting ring. The outer diameters of the installation ring and the abutting ring are the same, and their outer diameters are larger than the outer diameter of the flange ring. The jacking spring makes the print head always have a tendency to move upward, so that the upper end of the print head can be tightly pressed against the lower end of the discharge pipe and form a sealing structure, preventing the internal material from leaking.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of locking frames are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the outer ring of the lifting ring frame. The lower end of the locking frame is integrally formed with a locking head. The locking frame and the locking head are in a U-shaped structure. A pressing column is arranged at the top end inside the locking frame. The abutting ring is placed in the space between the lower part of the pressing column and the upper part of the locking head. When the lifting ring frame is at the uppermost position, the upper part of the locking head is pressed against the lower part of the abutting ring. When the lower pressing roller located below the lifting ring frame disengages from the moving inclined surface and moves to the lifting surface, the bottom end of the pressing roller at this time will contact the upper surface of the abutting ring. When the lifting ring frame continues to move downward at this time, the downward movement of the pressing roller will not cause the translation block to move continuously, and the plurality of closed arc plates always contact to ensure the sealing state. The downward movement of the pressing roller will cause the abutting ring to move downward together, so that the print head is disengaged from the connection with the discharge pipe. At this time, the plurality of jacking springs are in a compressed state and have a tendency to move upward.

[0013] A connecting frame is respectively fixed to the bottom ends of the outermost and innermost guide rods by screws. The connecting frame is formed with a through interface through the upper and lower parts. The bottom end of the print head is placed below the connecting frame through the through interface. A sinking roller is rotatably installed on the outer side of the connecting frame through a rotating shaft. A pressing notch is formed in the upper and lower through parts of the inner ring of the support ring. The pressing notch is located on the side of the guide rod of the print head below the discharge pipe. Two groups of symmetrically distributed sinking parts are arranged at the lower end of the support ring. The sinking parts are located on the front and rear sides of the pressing notch. One end of each of the two sinking parts far away from the pressing notch is chamfered to form a connecting inclined surface. The sinking roller of the print head located below the discharge pipe is above the inside of the pressing notch. When the lifting ring frame moves downward and pushes the print head downward through the pressing column, the sinking roller below the print head will move downward together. When the print head completely disengages from the discharge pipe, the sinking roller is below the sinking part and the two are tangent at this time.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. By rotatably installing a rotating disk below the lifting frame, a plurality of print heads with different specifications and sizes are arranged on the rotating disk. An abutting ring is arranged above the outer ring of the print head. With the cooperation of the arranged jacking springs and the driving mechanism, the print head can move downward to disengage from the discharge pipe, and the required print head can be rotated to be below the discharge pipe for installation and locking, and the required print head can be quickly replaced according to needs, improving the printing efficiency. 2. By arranging a closing member in the discharge pipe, with the cooperation of the closing member and the driving mechanism, when replacing the print head in the discharge pipe, the closing member can completely seal the inside of the discharge pipe to ensure that the internal material cannot fall, and then the print head can be replaced to ensure the safety during replacement. 3. The sealing member is composed of multiple sealing arc plates. The bottom end of the sealing arc plates after closing is above the inside of the print head, and the upper end of the sealing arc plates is flush with the lower end face of the discharge pipe. After the sealing member is closed, it can ensure that there is no residual material in the discharge pipe, which makes it impossible for the material to scatter onto the print head when the print head moves downward and separates from the discharge pipe, ensuring the cleanliness above the print head, facilitating the subsequent replacement of the print head, and preventing ineffective sealing due to residual material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The front view of a 3D building printing device for conveniently replacing the print head proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 The sectional view of the middle storage tank and the print head; Figure 3 is Figure 2 The enlarged schematic view at A in; Figure 4 is Figure 3 The 3D view of part of the structure in; Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism and the mounting part in a 3D building printing device for conveniently replacing the print head; Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism, the discharge pipe and the sealing member in a 3D building printing device for conveniently replacing the print head proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 is Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of the sealing member and the closing member in; Figure 8 is Figure 6 The upper and lower isometric axonometric view of; Figure 9 is Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the print head, the driving mechanism and the rotating disk in.

[0016] Reference numerals in the figures: 1, gantry; 11, moving module; 2, moving frame; 21, lifting track; 22, first hydraulic cylinder; 3, lifting frame; 4, storage tank; 401, discharge pipe; 402, flange ring; 403, conical groove; 41, blanking motor; 42, auger; 43, delivery pipe; 44, closed arc plate; 441, mounting shaft frame; 45, pull rope; 451, rubber sleeve; 46, translation block; 461, moving guide hole; 462, guide block; 47, contact frame; 471, moving inclined surface; 472, lifting surface; 5, drive mechanism; 51, lifting ring frame; 511, lower pressing roller; 52, second hydraulic cylinder; 53, locking frame; 531, locking head; 54, lower pressing column; 6, rotating disk; 601, lifting opening; 61, support ring; 611, pressing notch; 612, sinking part; 613, connecting inclined surface; 62, precision dividing head; 63, annular track; 7, print head; 701, mounting ring; 702, conical protrusion; 71, abutting ring; 72, guide rod; 73, jacking spring; 74, connecting frame; 75, sinking roller. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0018] Referring to Figures 1-9 , a 3D printing device for buildings that is convenient for replacing the print head, including a gantry 1. A moving module 11 is installed above the gantry 1. A moving frame 2 is installed on the slider of the moving module 11. A lifting frame 3 is slidably installed up and down on the front side of the moving frame 2. Installation openings are formed through the upper and lower sides of the lifting frame 3. A storage tank 4 is fixed above the lifting frame 3. A discharge pipe 401 is welded to the bottom end of the storage tank 4. The lower end of the discharge pipe 401 passes through the installation opening and is located below the lifting frame 3. A flange ring 402 is welded below the outer circle of the discharge pipe 401. A closing member for closing the discharge pipe 401 is installed in the discharge pipe 401. A drive mechanism 5 and a closing member for closing the closing member are installed on the flange ring 402. The closing member is connected to the closing member; A rotating disk 6 is rotatably installed below the lifting frame 3. A plurality of mounting members arranged in an annular array are provided on the rotating disk 6. A print head 7 is sleeved on the mounting member. The upper end of one of the print heads 7 abuts against the lower end of the discharge pipe 401.

[0019] Referring to Figure 1, on the front side of the moving frame 2, multiple linearly distributed lifting sliders are symmetrically fixed on the left and right. On the rear side of the lifting frame 3, two groups of lifting rails 21 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. The lifting rails 21 are slidably connected to the lifting sliders. And on the top of the moving frame 2, two groups of hydraulic cylinders 22 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. The push rods of the hydraulic cylinders 22 pass through the moving frame 2 and are connected to the lower lifting frame 3. A closed-loop feedback system is used to control between the two groups of hydraulic cylinders 22. Sensors are installed inside the hydraulic cylinders 22. The sensors provide real-time feedback and precise adjustment through algorithms. Among them, position, force, and speed control are respectively achieved through encoders, force sensors, and speed feedback, combined with the PID algorithm for dynamic adjustment, realizing millimeter-level positioning, synchronous movement, and instantaneous response. Two openings are provided above the moving frame 2. The two openings are respectively directly above the two lifting rails 21, and the size of the openings is larger than the cross-sectional size of the lifting rails 21. This enables the lifting rails 21 to continue rising through the openings after rising to a certain extent with the lifting frame 3 without being interfered with.

[0020] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , inside the storage tank 4, a auger 42 is rotatably installed through bearings. The upper end of the auger 42 passes through the storage tank 4 and is located above the storage tank 4. A feeding motor 41 is installed above the storage tank 4. The feeding motor 41 is connected to the auger 42 through a coupling. A feeding pipe 43 is installed above the storage tank 4. The other end of the feeding pipe 43 is connected to an external concrete mixer through a feeding device. Concrete can continuously enter the storage tank 4 through the feeding pipe 43, and the auger 42 can discharge the concrete inside the storage tank 4 at a specified speed without clogging.

[0021] Refer to Figures 2-7 , the closing member includes a plurality of mounting shaft frames 441 fixedly arranged in an annular array on the lower inner wall of the discharge pipe 401. Each mounting shaft frame 441 is rotatably installed with a closing arc plate 44 through a shaft pin. The plurality of closing arc plates 44 are in contact with each other to form a conical structure, and the bottom end of the conical structure is located above the inside of the print head 7. Sealing gaskets are provided on both sides of each closing arc plate 44. When the plurality of closing arc plates 44 are sealed, the sealing gaskets can be mutually extruded to ensure the sealing effect; The lower side of the end of the closing arc plate 44 close to the inner wall of the discharge pipe 401 is flush with the lower surface of the discharge pipe 401, so that no material remains in the discharge pipe 401 after the closing member is closed, and no material will fall onto the print head 7 when the print head 7 moves downward and disengages from the discharge pipe 401, ensuring the cleanliness above the print head 7. During continuous printing, when the print head 7 is reinstalled, its upper surface can remain clean, and after installation, it can ensure that there is no cement between the contact surface with the discharge pipe 401, ensuring the sealing performance after installation. A pulling rope 45 is connected to each closing arc plate 44; A torsion spring is arranged on the shaft pin of the mounting shaft frame 441. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the mounting shaft frame 441, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the closed arc plate 44. Moreover, the torsion spring makes the closed arc plate 44 always have a tendency to deflect downward. Without external forces other than the torsion spring, the multiple closed arc plates 44 are far away from each other, thus facilitating the discharge of concrete. A plurality of rubber sleeves 451 distributed in a circular array are embedded on the inner wall of the discharge pipe 401. The other end of the pull rope 45 is placed outside the discharge pipe 401 through the rubber sleeve 451. The rubber sleeve 451 makes it difficult for the internal concrete to flow out, and when the pull rope 45 is stretched outward, the sundries attached to the surface of the pull rope 45 can also be removed.

[0022] Refer to Figures 3-8 , the closing member includes a plurality of translation blocks 46 that slide and are distributed in a circular shape on the upper surface of the flange ring 402. The other end of the pull rope 45 is connected to the translation block 46. A moving guide hole 461 is formed through the translation block 46 up and down. A guide block 462 is slidably installed in the moving guide hole 461. The bottom end of the guide block 462 is fixed to the upper surface of the flange ring 402. The number and position distribution of the translation blocks 46 correspond to the plurality of pull ropes 45 one by one. The cross-sections of the moving guide hole 461 and the guide block 462 are in a cross-shaped structure, which enables the translation block 46 to move linearly towards the center of the discharge pipe 401. When the translation block 46 moves away from the discharge pipe 401 outward, the translation block 46 will drive the pull rope 45 to make the closed arc plate 44 deflect with the shaft pin on the mounting shaft frame 441 as the axis, so that the multiple closed arc plates 44 deflect synchronously. A conical structure will be formed between the multiple closed arc plates 44, and the inside of the discharge pipe 401 will be blocked, so that the materials in the storage tank 4 will not be discharged. A contact frame 47 is fixed above the translation block 46. A moving inclined surface 471 is formed by removing part of the upper side of the contact frame 47 facing the discharge pipe 401. The lower side of the contact frame 47 facing the discharge pipe 401 is vertically designed with the upper side of the translation block 46 to form a lifting surface 472. The cross-section of the contact frame 47 is in a right trapezoid structure.

[0023] The driving mechanism 5 includes two groups of hydraulic cylinders two 52 symmetrically fixed on the lifting frame 3 front and back. The push rod of the hydraulic cylinder two 52 passes through the lifting frame 3 and is placed below the lifting frame 3. A lifting ring frame 51 is installed between the push rods of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders two 52. The lifting ring frame 51 is slidably sleeved on the discharge pipe 401 up and down. A plurality of evenly distributed pressing rollers 511 are arranged below the lifting ring frame 51. The two groups of hydraulic cylinders two 52 are controlled by a closed-loop feedback system. Sensors are arranged inside the two groups of hydraulic cylinders two 52. The sensors feedback in real time and are precisely adjusted by algorithms. Among them, position, force, and speed control are respectively through encoders, force sensors, and speed feedback, and are dynamically adjusted in combination with the PID algorithm to achieve synchronous movement, positioning, and instantaneous response. When the multiple closed arc plates 44 move away from each other and unfold, the closed arc plates 44 will pull one end of the pull rope 45 downward. The other end of the pull rope 45 will drive the translation block 46 and the contact frame 47 to move toward the side of the discharge pipe 401. When the closed arc plates 44 are fully unfolded, the translation block 46 is at the innermost side, and at this time, the pressing roller 511 is above the moving inclined surface 471; When the push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 52 drives the lifting ring frame 51 and the multiple pressing rollers 511 to move downward, the pressing roller 511 will contact the moving inclined surface 471 and push the contact frame 47 to move toward the end away from the discharge pipe 401 through the moving inclined surface 471. One end of the pull rope 45 connected to the translation block 46 will move away from the discharge pipe 401 accordingly, and the other end of the pull rope 45 will cause the closed arc plates 44 to deflect around the pin on the mounting shaft frame 441, so that the multiple closed arc plates 44 deflect synchronously. A conical structure will be formed between the multiple closed arc plates 44 to block the inside of the discharge pipe 401. At this time, under the action of the torsion spring and its own gravity, the closed arc plates 44 make the pull rope 45 have a tendency to pull inward, that is, the translation block 46 has a tendency to move toward the side of the discharge pipe 401.

[0024] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown in and

[0025] Refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown in A support ring 61 is fixedly suspended below the lifting frame 3 through a bracket. An annular track 63 is installed above the support ring 61. The rotating disk 6 is rotatably installed on the annular track 63 through a slider. A precision dividing mechanism 62 is installed above the lifting frame 3. The output shaft of the precision dividing mechanism 62 is fixed to the rotating disk 6. The precision dividing mechanism 62 can make the rotating disk 6 deflect at a set angle, and the angle of each rotation is the same; A plurality of lifting ports 601 distributed in an annular array are vertically penetrated through the rotating disk 6, and a plurality of circular ports are annularly distributed around each lifting port 601. The lower end of the print head 7 passes through the lifting port 601 and is placed below the rotating disk 6.

[0025] Refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9 The upper end of the outer ring of the print head 7 is welded with a mounting ring 701. A conical protrusion 702 is formed by protruding the inner side of the upper end of the mounting ring 701. The inner wall of the flange ring 402 is chamfered to form a conical groove 403. When the print head 7 is butted against the discharge pipe 401, the conical protrusion 702 on the mounting ring 701 can be inserted into the conical groove 403 to form a sealing surface and improve the sealing effect between the two; The mounting member includes an abutting ring 71. A plurality of guide rods 72 distributed in an annular array are fixed to the lower end of the abutting ring 71. The lower ends of the guide rods 72 pass through the circular opening and are located below the rotating disk 6. A jacking spring 73 is sleeved on the guide rods 72. The upper and lower ends of the jacking spring 73 are respectively abutted against the upper surface of the rotating disk 6 and the lower surface of the abutting ring 71. The outer diameters of the mounting ring 701 and the abutting ring 71 are the same, and their outer diameters are larger than the outer diameter of the flange ring 402. The print head 7 is inserted into the abutting ring 71, and the mounting ring 701 overlaps above the abutting ring 71. The print head 7 can be quickly disassembled during subsequent use, which is convenient for replacement. The jacking spring 73 makes the print head 7 always tend to move upward, so that the upper end of the print head 7 can be tightly pressed against the lower end of the discharge pipe 401 to form a sealed structure, preventing the internal material from leaking.

[0026] A plurality of locking frames 53 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the outer circle of the lifting ring frame 51. The plurality of locking frames 53 are distributed in an arc structure. The distance between any one of the locking frames 53 and the center of the lifting ring frame 51 is greater than the radius of the mounting ring 701. When the print head 7 deflects, the mounting ring 701 will not interfere with the locking frames 53 and the components thereon. The lower end of the locking frame 53 is integrally formed with a locking head 531. The locking frame 53 and the locking head 531 are in a C-shaped structure. A pressing column 54 is arranged at the top end inside the locking frame 53. The abutting ring 71 is placed in the space between the lower part of the pressing column 54 and the upper part of the locking head 531. When the lifting ring frame 51 is at the uppermost position, the upper part of the locking head 531 is pressed against the lower part of the abutting ring 71. When the lower pressing roller 511 located below the lifting ring frame 51 disengages from the moving inclined surface 471 and moves to the lifting surface 472, the bottom end of the pressing column 54 will contact the upper surface of the mounting ring 701 at this time. When the lifting ring frame 51 continues to move downward, the lower pressing roller 511 and the pressing column 54 will continue to move together. The downward movement of the lower pressing roller 511 will not cause the translation block 46 to move further. The plurality of closed arc plates 44 always remain in contact to ensure the sealed state. The downward moving pressing column 54 will push the mounting ring 701 to move downward together, so that the print head 7 is separated from the connection with the discharge pipe 401. At this time, the plurality of jacking springs 73 are in a compressed state and tend to move upward.

[0027] A connecting frame 74 is respectively fixed to the bottom ends of the outermost and innermost guide rods 72 by screws. A through interface is formed through the connecting frame 74 up and down. The bottom end of the print head 7 is located below the connecting frame 74 through the through interface. A sinking roller 75 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the connecting frame 74 through a rotating shaft. A press-fitting notch 611 is formed in the upper and lower through parts of the inner ring of the support ring 61. The press-fitting notch 611 is located on the side of the outermost guiding rod 72 of the print head 7 below the discharge pipe 401. Two symmetrically distributed sinking parts 612 are provided at the lower end of the support ring 61. The sinking parts 612 are located on the front and rear sides of the press-fitting notch 611. Chamfered designs are formed at the ends of the two sinking parts 612 away from the press-fitting notch 611 to form connecting inclined surfaces 613. The sinking roller 75 of the print head 7 below the discharge pipe 401 is located above the inside of the press-fitting notch 611. When the lifting ring frame 51 moves downward and pushes the print head 7 downward through the pressing column 54, the sinking roller 75 below the print head 7 will move downward together. When the print head 7 completely disengages from the discharge pipe 401, the sinking roller 75 at this time is below the sinking part 612 and the two are tangent to each other; At this time, the rotating disk 6 can be rotated under the action of the precision dividing device 62 to replace the print head 7. During the rotation process, the sinking roller 75 will contact the sinking part 612, thereby ensuring the position of the print head 7 so that it will not suddenly rise and collide with the discharge pipe 401. When the print head 7 to be replaced moves near the discharge pipe 401, the sinking roller 75 on this print head 7 will move downward along the connecting inclined surface 613, thereby causing the entire print head 7 to move downward by a certain distance to ensure that the print head 7 can be located below the discharge pipe 401; When it moves into the press-fitting notch 611, the abutting ring 71 will contact the pressing column 54. Then the lifting ring frame 51 rises, and the print head 7 moves upward together under the action of the jacking spring 73, and the locking head 531 can contact the lower surface of the abutting ring 71 to prevent it from disengaging from the abutting with the flange ring 402.

[0028] Working principle: When it is necessary to replace the print head 7 below the printing device, the push rods of the two hydraulic cylinders II 52 will extend downward and drive the lifting ring frame 51 to move downward together. A plurality of pressing rollers 511 below the lifting ring frame 51 will move downward together. During the downward movement of the pressing rollers 511, they will contact the moving inclined surface 471 and push the contact frame 47 and the translation block 46 to move toward the end away from the discharge pipe 401 through the moving inclined surface 471. One end of the pull rope 45 connected to the translation block 46 will move away from the discharge pipe 401 accordingly. The other end of the pull rope 45 will cause the closed arc plates 44 to deflect around the pin on the mounting shaft frame 441, so that a plurality of closed arc plates 44 deflect upward synchronously. A conical structure will be formed between the plurality of closed arc plates 44 to block the inside of the discharge pipe 401. At this time, the closed arc plates 44 make the pull rope 45 tend to be pulled inward under the action of the torsion spring and its own gravity; When the lower pressing roller 511 located below the lifting ring frame 51 disengages from the moving inclined surface 471 and moves to the lifting surface 472, the bottom end of the lower pressing column 54 at this time will contact the upper surface of the mounting ring 701. When the lifting ring frame 51 continues to move downward at this time, the lower pressing roller 511 and the lower pressing column 54 will continue to move together with it, and the downward movement of the lower pressing roller 511 will not cause the translation block 46 to continue to move; After that, the lifting ring frame 51 continues to move downward under the action of the push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 52. The downward moving lifting ring frame 51 will push the print head 7 and the mounting member downward through the lower pressing column 54 and the mounting ring 701. The sinking roller 75 located below the print head 7 will move downward together with it. When the print head 7 completely disengages from the discharge pipe 401, the sinking roller 75 is located below the sinking portion 612 and the two are tangent at this time; After that, the precision divider 62 can make the rotating disk 6 rotate by a corresponding angle to replace the print head 7. During the rotation of the rotating disk 6, the sinking roller 75 will contact the sinking portion 612, so as to ensure that the print head 7 always has a certain distance from the bottom end of the discharge pipe 401 and will not suddenly rise and collide with the discharge pipe 401.

[0029] When the print head 7 to be replaced moves near the discharge pipe 401, the sinking roller 75 on the print head 7 will move downward along the connecting inclined surface 613 for a certain distance, so that the whole print head 7 moves downward for a certain distance, ensuring that the print head 7 can be located below the discharge pipe 401. The upper surface of the mounting ring 701 of the print head 7 is coplanar with the lower surface of the lower pressing column 54, so that the print head 7 can deflect to directly below the discharge pipe 401, and the mounting ring 701 is located in the space between the bottom end of the lower pressing column 54 and the locking head 531. When it moves into the pressing notch 611, the abutting ring 71 will contact the lower pressing column 54. After that, the push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 52 drives the lifting ring frame 51 to rise, and the print head 7 moves upward together under the action of the jacking spring 73; During the rising process, when the lower pressing roller 511 moves to the intersection position of the lifting surface 472 and the moving inclined surface 471, the abutting ring 71 on the print head 7 abuts against the flange ring 402 of the discharge pipe 401 at this time, and the conical protrusion 702 on the abutting ring 71 can be inserted into the conical groove 403 to form a sealing surface. At this time, the upper surface of the mounting ring 701 contacts the bottom end of the lower pressing column 54, and there is a certain distance between the upper surface of the locking head 531 and the lower surface of the mounting ring 701; After that, the lifting ring frame 51 continues to move upward. At this time, the downward pressing roller 511 contacts the moving inclined surface 471. And as the downward pressing roller 511 moves upward, since the multiple closed arc plates 44 in the closed state make the pulling rope 45 tend to be pulled inward under the action of the torsion spring and its own gravity, that is, the pulling rope 45 makes the translation block 46 tend to move inward. When the lifting ring frame 51 continues to move upward, the translation block 46 will also gradually move inward, and the multiple closed arc plates 44 will unfold. When the lifting ring frame 51 is at the uppermost position, the multiple closed arc plates 44 are completely unfolded at this time, and the upper part of the locking head 531 is pressed against the lower part of the abutting ring 71, so that the mounting ring 701, the abutting ring 71 and the flange ring 402 are mutually extruded and abutted, improving the sealing effect between them, and thus completing the replacement of the print head 7.

[0030] By rotating and installing the rotating disk 6 below the lifting frame 3, multiple print heads 7 with different specifications and sizes are arranged on the rotating disk 6. An abutting ring 71 is arranged above the outer circle of the print head 7. With the cooperation of the jacking spring 73 and the driving mechanism 5, the print head 7 can move downward to disengage from the discharge pipe 401, and rotate the required print head 7 to be below the discharge pipe 401 for installation and locking. The required print head 7 can be quickly replaced as needed, improving the printing efficiency. By arranging a closing member in the discharge pipe 401, with the cooperation of the closing member and the driving mechanism 5, when replacing the print head 7, the closing member can completely close the inside of the discharge pipe 401 to ensure that the internal material cannot fall, and then the print head 7 can be replaced, ensuring safety during replacement. The closing member is composed of multiple closed arc plates 44. The bottom end after the closed arc plates 44 are closed is above the inside of the print head 7, and the upper end of the closed arc plate 44 is flush with the lower end face of the discharge pipe 401. After the closing member is closed, it can ensure that there is no residual material in the discharge pipe 401, so that no material will fall onto the print head 7 when the print head 7 moves downward to disengage from the discharge pipe 401, ensuring the cleanliness above the print head 7 and facilitating the subsequent replacement of the print head 7, and preventing ineffective sealing due to residual material.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0033] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printing device for construction that facilitates the replacement of the print head, characterized in that, It includes a gantry (1), a moving module (11) is installed above the gantry (1), a moving frame (2) is installed on the slider of the moving module (11), a lifting frame (3) is slidably installed up and down on the front side of the moving frame (2), installation openings are formed through the upper and lower sides of the lifting frame (3), a storage tank (4) is fixed above the lifting frame (3), a discharge pipe (401) is welded to the bottom end of the storage tank (4), the lower end of the discharge pipe (401) passes through the installation opening and is located below the lifting frame (3), a flange ring (402) is welded to the lower outer circle of the discharge pipe (401), a closing member for closing the discharge pipe (401) is installed in the discharge pipe (401), a driving mechanism (5) for closing the closing member and a closing member are installed on the flange ring (402), and the closing member is connected to the closing member; A rotating disk (6) is rotatably installed below the lifting frame (3), a plurality of mounting members are arranged on the rotating disk (6) in an annular array distribution, a print head (7) is sleeved on the mounting member, and the upper end of one of the print heads (7) abuts against the lower end of the discharge pipe (401).

2. The construction 3D printing device for conveniently replacing a print head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of linearly distributed lifting sliders are symmetrically fixed on the front side of the moving frame (2) left and right, two groups of lifting tracks (21) are symmetrically arranged on the rear side of the lifting frame (3) left and right, the lifting tracks (21) are slidably connected with the lifting sliders, and two groups of hydraulic cylinders one (22) are symmetrically distributed and installed at the top of the moving frame (2) left and right. The push rod of the hydraulic cylinder one (22) passes through the moving frame (2) and is connected to the lower lifting frame (3).

3. The construction 3D printing device for conveniently replacing a print head according to claim 1, wherein, A screw conveyor (42) is rotatably installed inside the storage tank (4) through a bearing. The upper end of the screw conveyor (42) passes through the storage tank (4) and is located above the storage tank (4). A feeding motor (41) is installed above the storage tank (4). The feeding motor (41) is connected to the screw conveyor (42) through a coupling. A feeding pipe (43) is installed above the storage tank (4).

4. The architectural 3D printing device for conveniently replacing a print head according to claim 1, wherein The closing member includes a plurality of mounting shaft frames (441) fixedly arranged in an annular array on the inner wall of the lower part of the discharge pipe (401). A closing arc plate (44) is rotatably installed on each mounting shaft frame (441) through a shaft pin. The plurality of closing arc plates (44) are in contact with each other to form a conical structure, and the bottom end of the conical structure is located above the inside of the print head (7). A pulling rope (45) is connected to each closing arc plate (44); A plurality of rubber sleeves (451) are embedded in the inner wall of the discharge pipe (401) in an annular array distribution. The other end of the pulling rope (45) is located outside the discharge pipe (401) through the rubber sleeve (451).

5. The construction 3D printing device for conveniently replacing a print head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The closing member includes a plurality of translation blocks (46) sliding and distributed in a ring on the upper surface of the flange ring (402). The other end of the pulling rope (45) is connected to the translation block (46). A moving guide hole (461) is formed through the translation block (46) up and down. A guide block (462) is slidably installed in the moving guide hole (461). The bottom end of the guide block (462) is fixed to the upper surface of the flange ring (402); Above the translation block (46), a contact frame (47) is fixed. On the upper side of the contact frame (47) facing the discharge pipe (401), a moving inclined surface (471) is formed by cutting off a part. On the lower side of the contact frame (47) facing the discharge pipe (401), a lifting surface (472) is designed perpendicular to the upper side of the translation block (46). The cross-section of the contact frame 47 is in the structure of a right trapezoid.

6. The construction 3D printing device for conveniently replacing a print head according to claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism (5) includes two groups of hydraulic cylinders two (52) symmetrically fixed on the lifting frame (3) front and back. The push rod of the hydraulic cylinder two (52) passes through the lifting frame (3) and is placed below the lifting frame (3). An elevating ring frame (51) is installed between the push rods of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders two (52). The elevating ring frame (51) is slidably sleeved on the discharge pipe (401) up and down. A plurality of pressing rollers (511) are arranged at equal intervals below the elevating ring frame (51).

7. A 3D printing device for buildings that facilitates the replacement of a print head, characterized in that, Below the lifting frame (3), a support ring (61) is fixedly suspended through a bracket. Above the support ring (61), an annular track (63) is installed. The rotating disk (6) is rotatably installed on the annular track (63) through a slider. Above the lifting frame (3), a precision dividing head (62) is installed. The output shaft of the precision dividing head (62) is fixed to the rotating disk (6); A plurality of lifting ports (601) distributed in an annular array are vertically penetrated through the rotating disk (6). And a plurality of circular ports are opened in an annular distribution around each lifting port (601). The lower end of the print head (7) passes through the lifting port (601) and is placed below the rotating disk (6).

8. The construction 3D printing device for conveniently replacing a print head according to claim 7, wherein, On the outer upper end of the outer ring of the print head (7), an installation ring (701) is welded. On the inner side of the upper end of the installation ring (701), a conical protrusion (702) is convexly arranged. On the inner wall chamfer of the flange ring (402), a conical groove (403) is designed; The installation part includes an abutting ring (71). At the lower end of the abutting ring (71), a plurality of guide rods (72) distributed in an annular array are fixed. The lower ends of the guide rods (72) pass through the circular ports and are placed below the rotating disk (6). And a jacking spring (73) is sleeved on the guide rod (72). The upper and lower ends of the jacking spring (73) are respectively abutted against the upper surface of the rotating disk (6) and the lower surface of the abutting ring (71). The outer diameters of the installation ring (701) and the abutting ring (71) are the same, and their outer diameters are larger than the outer diameter of the flange ring (402).

9. A 3D printing device for construction that facilitates the replacement of a print head, as claimed in claim 8, wherein On the left and right sides of the outer ring of the elevating ring frame (51), a plurality of locking frames (53) are symmetrically arranged. At the lower end of the locking frame (53), a locking head (531) is integrally formed. The locking frame (53) and the locking head (531) are in a C-shaped structure. At the top end inside the locking frame (53), a pressing column (54) is arranged. The abutting ring (71) is placed in the space between the lower part of the pressing column (54) and the upper part of the locking head (531). And when the elevating ring frame (51) is at the uppermost position, the upper part of the locking head (531) is pressed against the lower part of the abutting ring (71); When the lower pressing roller (511) located below the lifting ring frame (51) disengages from the moving inclined surface (471) and moves to the lifting surface (472), the bottom end of the lower pressing roller (511) at this time will contact the upper surface of the abutting ring (71).

10. A 3D printing device for construction that facilitates the replacement of a print head, as claimed in claim 8, wherein, A connecting frame (74) is fixed to the bottom ends of the two outermost and innermost guide rods (72) by screws respectively. A through interface is formed through the connecting frame (74) up and down. The bottom end of the print head (7) is placed below the connecting frame (74) through the through interface. A sinking roller (75) is rotatably installed on the outer side of the connecting frame (74) through a rotating shaft; A pressing notch (611) is formed in the upper and lower through part of the inner ring of the support ring (61). The pressing notch (611) is located on the side of the outermost guide rod (72) of the print head (7) below the discharge pipe (401). Two sets of symmetrically distributed sinking parts (612) are arranged at the lower end of the support ring (61). The sinking parts (612) are located on the front and rear sides of the pressing notch (611). Chamfered designs are formed at the ends of the two sinking parts (612) away from the pressing notch (611) to form connecting inclined surfaces (613).

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