Design and preparation method of diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural plate

Abstract

The invention provides a design and preparation method of a diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural plate, and the method comprises the steps: (1) coating the surface of a substrate with a zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite type down-conversion material which is uniformly mixed with scattering particles, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain a down-conversion material layer; (2) spreading a layer of polymer film on the surface of the down-conversion material obtained in the step (1), and covering the polymer film with another substrate to obtain a sandwich structure; (3) carrying out hot pressing on the sandwich structure obtained in the step (2) at a certain temperature (in a vacuum or normal-pressure environment); and (4) coating the surface of the plate obtained in the step (3) with a light scattering film, and performing heat treatment and curing to obtain the agricultural plate capable of realizing diffuse scattering soft light diffusion. The plate is high in light transmittance, excellent in illumination uniformity, capable of isolating water and oxygen and excellent in stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention covers the fields of agricultural materials, polymer material processing, and optical functional materials, and relates to a preparation method of laminated glass with optical waveguides, especially to a preparation method of an agricultural multi-functional plate with a diffuse scattering soft light diffusion function. This agricultural plate receives incident sunlight through optical waveguides, is not limited by the incident angle, and can achieve a uniform diffuse reflection soft light effect on natural light. Background Art

[0002] Modern agricultural facilities have put forward multi-dimensional technical requirements for the optical regulation performance and durability of covering materials. Traditional materials such as polymer films, engineering plastic sheets, and glass have significant defects in practical applications: Film materials have weak scattering ability and are prone to forming direct light spots. In addition, during long-term outdoor exposure, the molecular chains of this material are prone to breakage and surface powdering, resulting in an accelerated attenuation trend of light transmittance. Although engineering plastic sheets have improved structural stability, they have insufficient weather resistance, are prone to fogging, and have spectral distortion; glass materials are difficult to adjust light quality and are prone to reflection pollution. Existing improvement technologies optimize performance by adding scattering agents or composite structures, but generally have problems such as light transmittance loss, single function, and soaring costs. Therefore, the development of agricultural plates with both uniform diffuse scattering, spectral tunability, and long-term stability has become a key requirement for the development of facility agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a design and preparation method of a diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural plate. The preparation method prepares a diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural greenhouse covering plate, which does not affect the transmission of sunlight, has a good diffuse scattering soft light effect, a simple preparation process, and is green and environmentally friendly.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] 1. A design and preparation method of a diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural plate, characterized in that the method includes:

[0006] (1) Coating a zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite-type down-conversion material mixed uniformly with scattering particles on the surface of a substrate, and obtaining a down-conversion material layer after heat treatment;

[0007] (2) Spreading a polymer film on the surface of the down-conversion material obtained in step (1), and covering another substrate above the polymer film to obtain a sandwich structure;

[0008] (3) Thermally pressing the sandwich structure obtained in step (2) at a certain temperature (in a vacuum or normal pressure environment);

[0009] (4) Subsequently, a light-scattering film is coated on the surface of the sheet obtained in step (3), and after heat treatment and curing, an agricultural sheet that realizes diffuse scattering and soft light diffusion can be obtained;

[0010] Among them, A includes any one or at least two combinations of Ar-CH2NH3 + , Ar-CH2CH2NH3 + or Ar-CH2CH2CH2CH2NH3 + (where Ar represents an aryl group), B includes Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ or Ge 2+ Among any one or at least two combinations, X includes I - , Br - , Cl - or F - Among any one or at least two combinations.

[0011] 2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate in step (1) includes any one or several of various glass substrates, plexiglass substrates, or polymer substrates.

[0012] 3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the scattering particles in step (1) include any one or several of TiO2, SiO2, or BaSO4.

[0013] 4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the polymer film in step (2) includes any one or at least two combinations of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionic interlayer film, or polyurethane;

[0014] Preferably, the other substrate in step (2) includes any one or several of various glass substrates, plexiglass substrates, or polymer substrates.

[0015] 5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the hot pressing temperature in step (3) is 80 - 180 °C.

[0016] 6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the light-scattering film in step (4) is composed of nanoscale titanium dioxide or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the film layer thickness is 0.1 - 2 μm, and the surface roughness Ra is 0.5 - 3 μm.

[0017] 7. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 - 6, wherein the annealing treatment temperature in step (1) is 60 - 150 °C.

[0018] 8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the concentration of the down-conversion material solution in step (1) is 0.2-1.5 mol / L;

[0019] Preferably, the thickness of the down-conversion material in step (1) is 5 nm-1 μm;

[0020] Preferably, the particle size of the scattering particles in step (2) is 0.1-10 μm;

[0021] Preferably, the concentration of the scattering particles in step (2) is 1-10 wt%;

[0022] Preferably, the thickness of the polymer film in step (3) is 1-100 μm.

[0023] 9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the hot pressing temperature in step (3) is 80-180 °C;

[0024] Preferably, the pressure of the lower hot pressing in step (3) is 0.1-1 MPa.

[0025] 10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the coating process in step (4) adopts a spin coating process;

[0026] Preferably, the heat treatment curing temperature in step (4) is 60-120 °C.

[0027] 11. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the comprehensive light transmittance of the agricultural board in step (4) is 80%-90%, the haze is 80%-90%, and the deviation of the diffuse reflection uniformity is less than 15% when the light incident angle is 0°-70°.

[0028] 12. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that for the diffuse scattering soft light diffusing agricultural board in step (4), the refractive index of the zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite-type down-conversion material is greater than the refractive index of the substrate, and the refractive index of the zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite-type down-conversion material is greater than the refractive index of the polymer film.

[0029] 13. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that when the agricultural board in step (4) is applicable to a greenhouse ceiling or a plant supplementary lighting system, the transmittance in the photosynthetically active radiation range of 400-750 nm is greater than 80%, and the uniformity of the light intensity distribution (standard deviation) is less than 15%.

[0030] Compared with the prior art solutions, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The present invention provides a method for designing and preparing a diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board. The diffusing soft light diffusing board prepared by this method has a sandwich structure, and the inside of this sandwich structure is water and oxygen isolated, with excellent stability;

[0032] (2) The middle of the diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board prepared by the method for designing and preparing a diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board provided by the present invention is a polymer material, and no broken glass will be generated after the device is broken, protecting personal safety;

[0033] (3) The present invention provides a method for designing and preparing a diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board. The diffusing soft light diffusing board prepared by this preparation method realizes the diffuse scattering of sunlight by selecting appropriate scattering particles and surface coating treatment, eliminates direct light spots, and improves the uniformity of light in the facility to more than 90%, significantly reducing the fluctuation range of the crop canopy temperature and the occurrence of phenomena such as crop leaf burns. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board provided by the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1 - substrate, 2 - polymer film, 3 - down-conversion material uniformly mixed with scattering particles, 4 - light scattering film.

[0036] Figure 2 is a physical diagram of the diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board provided by the present invention.

[0037] The following further details the present invention. However, the following examples are merely simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is subject to the claims. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] The following further illustrates the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0039] To better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of its technical solutions, the typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This example provides a method for designing and preparing a diffusing soft light diffusing agricultural board, and the method includes:

[0042] (1) Spin-coat benzylamine tin bromide perovskite (spin-coating speed is 2000 revolutions per second, time is 20 s) mixed uniformly with TiO2 (particle size is 2 μm, concentration is 5 wt%) scattering particles on the surface of the substrate, and anneal at 90 °C for 10 min to obtain a spin-coated benzylamine tin bromide perovskite film;

[0043] (2) Spin-coat ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the phenylbutylammonium tin bromide perovskite film prepared in step (1) (spin-coating speed is 2000 revolutions per second, time is 20 s) to obtain an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film;

[0044] (3) Cover the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film obtained in step (2) with a substrate, and at 150 °C, under a pressure of 1 Mpa, hot press for 30 min to obtain a laminated sheet;

[0045] (4) Spin-coat a polymethyl methacrylate light-scattering film on the laminated sheet obtained in step (3) (coating thickness is 200 nm, surface roughness Ra is 1.5 μm), and cure at 90 °C for 20 min to obtain the diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural sheet.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This example provides a design and preparation method for a diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural sheet, and the method includes:

[0048] (1) Spin-coat benzylamine tin bromide perovskite mixed uniformly with TiO2 (particle size is 2 μm, concentration is 5 wt%) scattering particles on the surface of the substrate (spin-coating speed is 2000 revolutions per second, time is 20 s), and anneal at 90 °C for 10 min to obtain a spin-coated benzylamine tin bromide perovskite film;

[0049] (2) Spin-coat ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the phenylbutylammonium tin bromide perovskite film prepared in step (1) (spin-coating speed is 2000 revolutions per second, time is 20 s) to obtain an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film;

[0050] (3) Cover the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film obtained in step (2) with a substrate covered with benzylamine tin bromide perovskite and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in sequence, and at 180 °C, under a pressure of 1 Mpa, hot press for 60 min to obtain the diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural sheet;

[0051] (4) Spin-coat a polymethyl methacrylate light-scattering film on the laminated sheet obtained in step (3) (coating thickness is 150 m, surface roughness Ra is 1.0 μm), and cure at 90 °C for 20 min to obtain the diffuse scattering soft light diffusion agricultural sheet.

Claims

1. A design and preparation method of a diffused soft light diffusion agricultural board, characterized in that, The method includes: (1) Coating a zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite down-conversion material mixed uniformly with scattering particles on the surface of a substrate, and obtaining a down-conversion material layer after heat treatment; (2) Spreading a polymer film on the surface of the down-conversion material obtained in step (1), and covering another substrate above the polymer film to obtain a sandwich structure; (3) Thermally pressing the sandwich structure obtained in step (2) at a certain temperature (in a vacuum or atmospheric pressure environment); (4) Subsequently, coating a light-scattering film on the surface of the sheet obtained in step (3), and obtaining an agricultural sheet that realizes diffused scattering and soft light diffusion after heat treatment and curing; Among them, A includes Ar-CH2NH 3+ , Ar-CH2CH2NH 3+ or Ar-CH2CH2CH2CH2NH 3+ or any combination of at least two of them (where Ar represents an aryl group), B includes Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ or Ge 2+ or any combination of at least two of them, X includes I - , Br - , Cl - or F - or any combination of at least two of them.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The substrate described in step (1) includes any one or several of various glass substrates, plexiglass substrates, or polymer substrates.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scattering particles described in step (1) include any one or several of TiO2, SiO2, or BaSO4.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The polymer film described in step (2) includes any one or a combination of at least two of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionic interlayer film, or polyurethane; Preferably, the other substrate described in step (2) includes any one or several of various glass substrates, plexiglass substrates, or polymer substrates.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal pressing temperature described in step (3) is 80-180 °C.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-scattering film described in step (4) is composed of nanoscale titanium dioxide or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the film layer thickness is 0.1-2 μm, and the surface roughness Ra is 0.5-3 μm.

7. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The temperature of the annealing treatment described in step (1) is 60-150 °C.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The concentration of the down-conversion material solution described in step (1) is 0.2-1.5 mol / L; Preferably, the thickness of the down-conversion material described in step (1) is 5 m-1 μm; Preferably, the particle size of the scattering particles described in step (2) is 0.1-10 μm; Preferably, the concentration of the scattering particles described in step (2) is 1-10 wt%; Preferably, the thickness of the polymer film described in step (3) is 1-100 μm.

9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The thermal pressing temperature described in step (3) is 80-180 °C; Preferably, the pressure of the lower thermal pressing described in step (3) is 0.1-1 MPa.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The coating process described in step (4) adopts a spin coating process; Preferably, the heat treatment and curing temperature described in step (4) is 60-120 °C.

11. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The comprehensive light transmittance of the agricultural sheet described in step (4) is 80%-90%, the haze is 80%-90%, and the deviation of the diffuse reflection uniformity is less than 15% when the light incident angle is 0°-70°.

12. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The diffused scattering and soft light diffusion agricultural sheet described in step (4) is characterized in that the refractive index of the zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite down-conversion material is greater than the refractive index of the substrate, and the refractive index of the zero-dimensional A4BX6 perovskite down-conversion material is greater than the refractive index of the polymer film.

13. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, When the agricultural sheet described in step (4) is applied to a greenhouse ceiling or a plant supplementary lighting system, the transmittance in the photosynthetically active radiation range of 400-750 nm is greater than 80%, and the uniformity of the light intensity distribution (standard deviation) is less than 15%.

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