Civil straw carbonization furnace

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of agricultural equipment, and provides a civil straw carbonization furnace which comprises a support, a solar heat collecting pipe, a stock bin, a solar light gathering plate, a light sensation adjusting assembly, a temperature measuring instrument and the like. The solar heat collecting pipe is fixedly installed on the support, and the stock bin is installed on the inner side of the solar heat collecting pipe; an air outlet is further formed in the lower side of the end, close to the inlet and outlet, of the solar heat collecting pipe; solar light gathering plates are distributed on the two sides of the solar heat collecting pipe, and an adjusting assembly used for controlling the angles of the two solar light gathering plates is further installed on the support. According to the invention, only solar energy which is clean energy is utilized, the solar energy is converted into heat energy for straw carbonization through technologies of light condensation, heat collection and the like, energy is saved, cleanness and no pollution are realized, the prepared biochar and pyroligneous liquor can be used as agricultural fertilizers for agricultural production, and a win-win situation of economic benefits and environmental benefits is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and in particular relates to a civilian straw carbonization furnace. Background Art

[0002] With the growing global demand for clean energy and the improvement of environmental protection standards, how to effectively utilize straw resources has become an important issue that needs to be addressed. The traditional method of straw treatment is mainly burning, which not only causes serious air pollution, but also wastes precious biomass resources.

[0003] In this context, straw carbonization technology has emerged as an innovative solution. In view of the problem that there is a large amount of straw in rural areas but a lack of efficient processing methods, the civilian straw carbonization furnace provides a possible solution.

[0004] However, the existing straw carbonization furnaces mostly use the method of burning part of the biomass or external heating to provide the heat required for carbonization, which has the problems of energy waste and environmental pollution. In addition, the existing carbonization processes mainly include kiln burning, kettle type, fixed bed type, fluidized bed type, etc., but most of them are large in size, difficult to transfer and store, and complicated to operate, which are not suitable for civilian use.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above situation, it is urgent to develop a civilian straw carbonization furnace to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a civilian straw carbonization furnace, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0007] The present invention is implemented as follows: a civilian straw carbonization furnace includes a bracket, on which a solar heat collecting tube is fixedly installed, a silo is installed on the inner side of the solar heat collecting tube, one end of the solar heat collecting tube is provided with an inlet and outlet for the silo to enter and exit, and an air outlet is also provided on the lower side of one end of the solar heat collecting tube close to the inlet and outlet; solar concentrating panels are distributed and installed on both sides of the solar heat collecting tube, and an adjustment component for controlling the angles of the two solar concentrating panels is also installed on the bracket.

[0008] According to a further technical solution, the solar heat collecting tube is fixed on the bracket by a clamp.

[0009] According to a further technical solution, the solar collector tube and the silo are connected by snap-fit ​​connection and sealed by a rubber ring; the silo is made of stainless steel; and an insulating handle is fixed at the end of the silo.

[0010] According to a further technical solution, a temperature measuring instrument and a sundial are installed at one end of the solar collector tube away from the inlet and outlet, and the temperature measuring instrument is a bimetallic pointer thermometer.

[0011] Further technical solution: The adjusting assembly includes a carrier rod, a gear, and a rocker. A carrier rod is provided on each side of the solar heat collecting tube. The carrier rod is rotatably connected to the bracket in a damping manner. Two solar concentrator plates are respectively fixed on the two carrier rods. A gear is fixed at one end of the carrier rod, and the two gears are meshed. A rocker is also installed at the end of one of the carrier rods.

[0012] Further technical solution: The surface of the solar concentrator plate is also coated with a polymer mirror aluminum coating.

[0013] Further technical solution: A plurality of moving wheels are also installed at the bottom of the bracket.

[0014] A civilian straw carbonization furnace provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1) Only using solar energy, a clean energy source, and converting solar energy into heat energy for straw carbonization through technologies such as light concentration and heat collection, which saves energy and is clean and pollution-free.

[0016] 2) Strong adaptability to raw materials, and can handle crop straws, fruit shells, fruit cores, fallen leaves, wood chips, solid domestic garbage, etc.

[0017] 3) High product added value, and both biochar and wood vinegar can be used as agricultural fertilizers for agricultural production, with remarkable effects.

[0018] 4) Simple and compact structure, convenient for storage and transportation, and easy to operate, providing convenient conditions for farmers to carry out straw resource utilization by themselves, promoting the green development and energy transformation in rural areas, and achieving a win-win situation of economic benefits and environmental benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the civilian straw carbonization furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view structure schematic diagram of the civilian straw carbonization furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a left view structure schematic diagram of the civilian straw carbonization furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a top view structure schematic diagram of the civilian straw carbonization furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1 - bracket, 2 - rocker, 3 - temperature measuring instrument, 4 - clamp, 5 - solar concentrator plate, 6 - solar heat collecting tube, 7 - feed bin, 8 - air outlet, 9 - moving wheel, 10 - sundial. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] The following describes in detail the specific implementation of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] As Figures 1-4 shown, a civilian straw carbonization furnace provided by an embodiment of the present invention is used for the resource treatment of agricultural straws, and includes a bracket 1. A solar heat collecting tube 6 is fixedly installed on the bracket 1. A material bin 7 is installed inside the solar heat collecting tube 6. An inlet and outlet for the material bin 7 to enter and exit is provided at one end of the solar heat collecting tube 6. An air outlet 8 is further provided on the lower side of one end of the solar heat collecting tube 6 close to its inlet and outlet. Solar heat concentrating plates 5 are distributed and installed on both sides of the solar heat collecting tube 6. An adjusting assembly for controlling the angles of the two solar heat concentrating plates 5 is further installed on the bracket 1.

[0027] Preferably, the solar heat collecting tube 6 is fixed to the bracket 1 through a clamp 4.

[0028] Preferably, a snap connection is adopted between the solar heat collecting tube 6 and the material bin 7 and sealed with a rubber ring. The inner cavity of the solar heat collecting tube 6 is the core area where the straw undergoes pyrolysis carbonization reaction. The material bin 7 is made of stainless steel material. A heat insulation handle is fixed at the end of the material bin 7, which can be used by the user to draw out the material bin 7 and load materials.

[0029] Preferably, a temperature measuring instrument 3 and a sundial 10 are further installed at one end of the solar heat collecting tube 6 away from its inlet and outlet. The temperature measuring instrument 3 adopts a bimetallic pointer thermometer, with a temperature measuring upper limit of up to 500 °C and an accuracy of up to ±5 °C. According to the light conditions and temperature monitoring results, the angles of the solar heat concentrating plates 5 are adjusted to control the temperature of the carbonization furnace.

[0030] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a carrier rod, a gear, and a rocker 2. A carrier rod is provided on each side of the solar heat collecting tube 6. The carrier rod is rotatably connected to the bracket 1 in a damped manner. Two solar concentrator plates 5 are respectively fixed on the two carrier rods. The solar concentrator plate 5 is a key component for concentrating solar energy onto the solar heat collecting tube 6, and it reflects and focuses sunlight through an adjustable arc surface structure. A gear is fixed at one end of the carrier rod, and the two gears are meshed. A rocker 2 is also installed at the end of one of the carrier rods. By operating the rocker 2 to drive the carrier rod and using the transmission of the gear, the angles of the two solar concentrator plates 5 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the temperature. In addition, the surface of the solar concentrator plate 5 is also coated with a high molecular mirror aluminum coating, whose main function is to enhance the absorption and reflection capabilities of the solar concentrator plate 5 for sunlight. This coating can change the propagation path and absorption characteristics of light, enabling more sunlight to be collected by the solar concentrator plate 5 and focused onto the solar heat collecting tube 6.

[0031] Preferably, a plurality of moving wheels 9 are also installed at the bottom of the bracket 1, which is conducive to the movement of the device.

[0032] In addition, an external protective structure can be arranged for the entire household straw carbonization furnace as needed, mainly serving to protect the internal components, insulate heat, and prevent heat dissipation. It can be made of quartz silicon material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and good oxidation resistance. The outer shell adopts a double-layer structure with a vacuum in the middle, which can effectively reduce the heat transfer to the external environment and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the carbonization furnace. The inner wall is coated with aluminum nitride heat absorption coating (reflecting and absorbing light), which can effectively avoid heat radiation dissipation and achieve the functions of heat preservation and light concentration. One end of the shell is open (for the entry and exit of the silo 7), and one end is sealed. A small hole is opened at the lower side of the side wall and led out by a thin tube (i.e., connected in cooperation with the gas outlet 8) to recover the by-product wood vinegar liquid from the pyrolysis gas. There is a one-way valve above to timely discharge the unnecessary gas and ensure the safety of the entire system.

[0033] The specific working process of this household straw carbonization furnace is as follows:

[0034] 1) Place the household straw carbonization furnace on an open space, open the solar concentrator plate 5, and adjust the position of the carbonization furnace and the angle of the solar concentrator plate 5 so that the shadow of the sundial 10 coincides with its center dot;

[0035] 2) Push the empty silo 7 into the solar heat collecting tube 6, seal it, and wait for temperature rise and preheating;

[0036] 3) Adjust the angle of the solar concentrator plate 5 to keep the temperature stable at 300 - 400 °C (affected by seasons and geographical locations);

[0037] 4) Take out the silo 7, load the crushed straw, level it, push it into the solar heat collecting tube 6 and seal it, and start carbonization. The carbonization time is 10 - 30 minutes (affected by temperature and particle size);

[0038] 5) During the carbonization process, liquid by-product pyroligneous acid can be collected from the air outlet 8 of the solar heat collector tube 6 (after the hot flue gas generated by the pyrolysis of straw in the bin 7 is produced, under the action of the positive pressure in the furnace, the hot flue gas flows down along the collection port, and the overall furnace body presents an inclination of about 10°, so as to achieve the purpose of collecting the liquid product pyroligneous acid). When there is no liquid droplet precipitation for 5 consecutive minutes, it can be considered that the carbonization is complete;

[0039] 6) After the carbonization is completed, turn off the solar concentrator 5, take it out after natural cooling, or quickly extinguish it with cold water after taking out the bin 7;

[0040] 7) Repeat the above operations. Specific Embodiment 1

[0042] The household straw carbonization furnace provided by the present invention is as Figures 1-4 shown. The specific working process is as follows:

[0043] 1) Place the household straw carbonization furnace on an open space, turn on the solar concentrator 5, and adjust the position of the carbonization furnace and the angle of the solar concentrator 5 so that the shadow of the sundial 10 coincides with its central dot;

[0044] 2) Push the empty bin 7 into the solar heat collector tube 6, seal it, and wait for temperature rise and preheating;

[0045] 3) Adjust the angle of the solar concentrator 5 to make the temperature stable at 310 °C;

[0046] 4) Take out the bin 7, load 200 g of crushed corn straw, push it into the solar heat collector tube 6 and seal it for carbonization;

[0047] 5) Collect the liquid by-product from the air outlet 8 of the solar heat collector tube 6 during the carbonization process. When there is no liquid droplet precipitation for 5 consecutive minutes, end the carbonization, and the carbonization time is 14 minutes;

[0048] 6) Turn off the solar concentrator 5, take it out after natural cooling, and obtain 133 g of straw charcoal and 34 g of pyroligneous acid. Specific Embodiment 2

[0050] The household straw carbonization furnace provided by the present invention is as Figures 1-4 shown. The specific working process is as follows:

[0051] 1) Place the household straw carbonization furnace on an open space, turn on the solar concentrator 5, and adjust the position of the carbonization furnace and the angle of the solar concentrator 5 so that the shadow of the sundial 10 coincides with its central dot;

[0052] 2) Push the empty bin 7 into the solar heat collector tube 6, seal it, and wait for temperature rise and preheating;

[0053] 3) Adjust the angle of the solar concentrator panel 5 to keep the temperature stable at 310 °C;

[0054] 4) Take out the bin 7, load 200 g of crushed rice husks, push them into the solar heat collector tube 6 and seal it, then carbonize;

[0055] 5) During the carbonization process, collect the liquid by-products from the gas outlet 8 of the solar heat collector tube 6. When there is no liquid droplet precipitation for 5 consecutive minutes, end the carbonization. The carbonization time is 15 minutes;

[0056] 6) Turn off the solar concentrator panel 5, take it out after natural cooling, and obtain 136 g of rice husk charcoal and 33 g of wood vinegar liquid.

[0057] The above embodiments of the present invention provide a civilian straw carbonization furnace, which has the following advantages:

[0058] 1) Only utilize the clean energy of solar energy, convert solar energy into heat energy through technologies such as light concentration and heat collection for straw carbonization, which saves energy and is clean and pollution-free;

[0059] 2) It has strong raw material adaptability and can process crop straws, fruit shells, fruit cores, fallen leaves, wood chips, solid domestic waste, etc.;

[0060] 3) The product has high added value. Biochar and wood vinegar liquid (biochar can not only be used as an environmentally friendly fuel to replace traditional coal, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also is an excellent soil conditioner, which can improve soil fertility and promote the sustainable development of agriculture; wood vinegar liquid can be diluted and used as a natural insecticide and bacteriostatic agent, or even formulated into foliar fertilizer to further support agricultural production) can both be used as agricultural fertilizers for agricultural production, and the effect is remarkable;

[0061] 4) The structure is simple and compact, convenient for storage and transportation, and easy to operate, providing convenient conditions for farmers to carry out straw resource utilization by themselves, promoting the green development and energy transformation in rural areas, and achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.

[0062] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combinations of these technical features do not conflict, they should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0063] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A civilian straw carbonization furnace, comprising a bracket (1), characterized in that, A solar heat collecting tube (6) is fixedly installed on the bracket (1). A material bin (7) is installed inside the solar heat collecting tube (6). An inlet and outlet for the material bin (7) to enter and exit is provided at one end of the solar heat collecting tube (6). An air outlet (8) is further provided on the lower side of one end of the solar heat collecting tube (6) near its inlet and outlet. Solar concentrator panels (5) are distributively installed on both sides of the solar heat collecting tube (6). An adjusting assembly for controlling the angles of the two solar concentrator panels (5) is further installed on the bracket (1).

2. The civilian straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar heat collecting tube (6) is fixed on the bracket (1) by a clamp (4).

3. The civilian straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A snap connection is adopted between the solar heat collecting tube (6) and the material bin (7), and a rubber ring is used for sealing. The material bin (7) is made of stainless steel, and a heat insulation handle is fixed at the end of the material bin (7).

4. The civilian straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature measuring instrument (3) and a sundial (10) are further installed at one end of the solar heat collecting tube (6) far from its inlet and outlet, and the temperature measuring instrument (3) adopts a bimetallic pointer thermometer.

5. The civilian straw carbonization furnace according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The adjusting assembly includes a carrier rod, a gear and a rocker (2). One carrier rod is provided on each side of the solar heat collecting tube (6). The carrier rod is rotationally connected to the bracket (1) in a damped manner. The two solar concentrator panels (5) are respectively fixed on the two carrier rods. A gear is fixed at one end of the carrier rod, and the two gears are meshed and connected. A rocker (2) is further installed at the end of one of the carrier rods.

6. The civilian straw carbonization furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, A polymer mirror aluminum coating is further coated on the surface of the solar concentrator panel (5).

7. The civilian straw carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of moving wheels (9) are further installed at the bottom of the bracket (1).

Images