Water drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and point cloud model

Abstract

The invention discloses a water drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and a point cloud model, a water drop type stair structure part has been constructed, and the elevation and the axis direction of a construction site change relative to an original design drawing; an existing surface plate body is a double-curved-surface rotating plate body, and the original design position of the plate body is occupied by part of on-site construction structures. An existing construction structure is repositioned through horizontal projection, so that the accuracy of subsequent BIM model establishment is ensured, and site construction is met; on-site structure information can be accurately captured through on-site three-dimensional scanning, and subsequent accurate matching is facilitated; through the BIM model after matching, it is guaranteed that the surface plate body meets the design requirement and can meet the size and positioning requirements of on-site construction, and it is beneficial for guaranteeing the positioning accuracy and feasibility of the surface plate body; by reversely pushing out the steel frame model, convenience in fixed installation and construction of the surface plate body is guaranteed, and the top of the steel frame serves as a suspended ceiling framework, so that more construction cost and procedures are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive application of BIM software, and particularly relates to an optimized construction method for a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud models. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing complexity of modern architectural design and the continuous improvement of aesthetic requirements, the shaped staircase, as a unique and beautiful architectural element, has gradually occupied an important position in architectural design. However, its complex geometric shape and precise construction requirements pose great challenges to traditional construction methods; coupled with the problem of structural differences at the construction site, it is even more unfavorable for the construction of on-site decoration. How to more accurately ensure the construction positioning accuracy and adapt to the existing construction structure during the construction of the water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM model technology requires targeted design. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an optimized construction method for a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud models to solve technical problems such as the accurate positioning of the surface plate body of the water-drop-shaped staircase with the constructed structure, meeting the design requirements, and installation and fixation.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The water-drop-shaped staircase structure part has been constructed, and there are changes in the elevation and axis direction of the construction site compared with the original design drawings, and the original design position of the surface plate body is occupied by the on-site construction structure; the surface plate body is a water-drop-shaped hyperbolic rotating plate body; The optimized construction method for a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud models is as follows: Step 1: Due to the structural differences in height and horizontal direction between the construction site and the original design drawings, conduct on-site surveys on the constructed staircase structure and floor; on-site, use high-precision measurement equipment to conduct horizontal orthographic projection setting-out on the constructed water-drop staircase structure and its related structures at the construction site, measure and mark the points using the plane rectangular coordinate system; then organize the data of the points on the CAD drawing. Step 2: Conduct three-dimensional point cloud scanning based on the on-site survey situation to obtain point cloud data and construct a data model. Step 3: According to the horizontal orthographic projection CAD drawing in Step 1, combined with the design concept of the surface plate body blueprints, establish a hyperbolic water-drop staircase structure and include an initial BIM model of the surface plate body. Step 4: Since the coordinate system and central axis applied in the initial BIM model are consistent with those of the construction site, compare the initial BIM model with the point cloud model and adjust the initial BIM model to match the point cloud model scanned on-site. Step 5. Adjust the outer curved surface of the surface panel in the initial BIM model so that the curved surface meets the design styling requirements; confirm the styling of the surface panel of the water-drop staircase to form the final BIM model; Step 6. Based on the determined final BIM model, reverse-infer the steel-frame projection line according to the planar projection line, and establish a steel-frame model based on the final BIM model; then guide the on-site steel-frame construction; Step 7. During on-site construction, the surface panel is located on the steel frame, and the gaps between the surface panels are repaired with caulking compound, thus completing the construction of the surface panel of the water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM on-site.

[0005] Further, the surface panel is a GRG panel. The GRG panels are assembled in blocks and arranged in a double-curved rotation shape. It is in a water-drop shape under the corner platform, concave horizontally towards one side and rotating and extending at both ends to the ceiling unit.

[0006] Further, for Step 1, on-site, a total station and a laser rangefinder are used for horizontal orthographic projection layout. The outer contours of the already constructed staircase structure and the corner platform are measured and the points are marked using a planar rectangular coordinate system.

[0007] Further, for Step 2, the construction site is scanned by a 3D laser scanner to obtain accurate 3D data of the staircase structure and the surrounding environment; the 3D data provides real-time on-site information for the BIM model, determines the differences between the design and the actual construction, and makes adjustments; the scanned 3D point cloud data is compared with the model in Rhino software.

[0008] Further, when matching the initial BIM model with the point cloud model scanned on-site in Step 4, the completed staircase surface on-site is matched with the completed staircase surface in the initial BIM model.

[0009] Further, for Step 7, a steel-frame model is separately generated in the BIM model, and the generated 3D steel-frame model is used to guide on-site construction; the steel frame in the upper part of the steel-frame model also serves as the keel framework of the ceiling unit.

[0010] Further, based on the confirmed final BIM model, using the interactive function of the sat file format between Rhino software and Revit software, the positioning of the glass railing unit of the water-drop staircase is carried out in Revit software; the glass railing unit is segmented according to the styling arc line reserved during the styling design process of the surface panel.

[0011] Further, the glass railing unit is divided into a staircase glass railing and a floor slab glass railing. The staircase glass railing is standardly divided according to the linearity of the staircase. Among them, the floor slab glass railing is divided into the corner platform and the upper staircase landing. The staircase glass railing at the upper staircase landing is located above the ceiling unit and is correspondingly set according to the arc of the surface panel at the ceiling.

[0012] Further, based on the confirmed BIM model, detailed drawings are produced, and the water-drop decorative panels are block-designed according to the installation requirements, and processing drawings are generated. Then, they are optimized and processed according to the processing drawings and produced. The produced block water-drop decorative panels are numbered in parallel, and then assembled on-site. After the installation accuracy meets the requirements, the surface coating is uniformly applied, thus completing the installation of the surface panel of the water-drop-shaped staircase structure.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in: 1) The present invention re-locates the existing construction structure through horizontal projection, which is conducive to ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent BIM model establishment and conforming to the on-site construction; the on-site three-dimensional scanning can accurately capture the on-site structure information, which is extremely conducive to the subsequent accurate proportioning; 2) The present invention ensures that the surface panel meets the design requirements and can meet the size and positioning requirements of on-site construction through the proportioned BIM model, which is conducive to ensuring the accurate positioning and feasibility of the surface panel; 3) The present invention reversely deduces the steel frame model, which is conducive to ensuring the fixed installation of the surface panel and the convenience in construction, and by using the top of the steel frame as the ceiling skeleton, the construction cost and procedures are further saved.

[0014] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and will be partially obvious from the description, or understood by implementing the present invention; the main purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the solutions specifically pointed out in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the initial BIM model; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the on-site three-dimensional scanning process; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the final BIM model of the surface panel; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the BIM model including the glass railing unit; Figure 5 is the detailed design of the water-drop staircase Figure 1 ; Figure 6 is the detailed design of the water-drop staircase Figure 2 ; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the steel frame model.

[0016] Figure numerals: 1 - surface plate, 2 - glass railing unit, 21 - staircase glass railing, 22 - floor glass railing, 3 - staircase structure, 4 - ceiling unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Take a conference center as an example, the total construction area is about 420,000 square meters. The water drop staircase on the north side of the main lobby on the L2 floor is a hyperbolic rotating shape. After comparing the water drop staircase on the construction site with the fine decoration blueprint, the data of the curved platform and the stair section have a horizontal deviation of about 60mm from the blueprint positioning dimensions, and the original design position of the plate is occupied by part of the on-site construction structure; it cannot meet the fine decoration construction positioning requirements, and the overall shape on site needs to be further designed before construction can be carried out.

[0018] Among them, the surface plate body 1 of the water drop staircase is a GRG plate, which is assembled in blocks and arranged in a hyperbolic rotation shape. It is in the shape of a water drop below the corner platform, concave to one side horizontally and rotated at both ends to extend to the ceiling unit 4.

[0019] Combination Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, a teardrop-shaped staircase optimization construction method based on BIM and point cloud model is further described. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Since there are structural differences in height and horizontal directions between the construction site and the original design drawings, an on-site survey is conducted on the constructed staircase structure 3 and the floor. High-precision measuring equipment is used on-site to perform horizontal orthographic projection of the on-site constructed water drop staircase structure 3 and its related structures, and the points are measured and marked using a plane rectangular coordinate system. The points are then organized into data on the CAD drawing.

[0020] For step one, a total station and a laser rangefinder were used on site for horizontal orthographic projection layout, and the outer contours of the staircase structure 3 and the corner platform that had been constructed were measured and marked using a plane rectangular coordinate system; 253 points were measured and marked using a plane rectangular coordinate system on site.

[0021] Step 2: Perform 3D point cloud scanning based on the on-site survey to obtain point cloud data and build a data model. In step 2, the construction site is scanned by a 3D laser scanner to obtain accurate 3D data of the staircase structure 3 and the surrounding environment; the 3D data provides real-time on-site information for the BIM model, determines the difference between the design and the actual construction, and makes adjustments; the scanned 3D point cloud data is used for model comparison in the Rhino software.

[0022] Step 3: Based on the horizontal orthographic CAD drawing in step 1 and the design idea of ​​the blueprint of the surface plate 1, a preliminary BIM model of the hyperbolic water drop staircase structure 3 including the surface plate 1 is established.

[0023] Step 4: Since the coordinate system and central axis applied in the initial BIM model are consistent with those on-site, compare the initial BIM model with the point cloud model and adjust the initial BIM model to match the point cloud model scanned on-site.

[0024] When matching the initial BIM model with the point cloud model scanned on-site in Step 4, match the completed staircase surface on-site with the completed staircase surface in the initial BIM model.

[0025] Step 5: Adjust the outer curved surface of the surface panel 1 in the initial BIM model to meet the design styling requirements; confirm the styling of the surface panel 1 of the water-drop staircase to form the final BIM model.

[0026] Step 6: Based on the determined final BIM model, inversely deduce the steel frame projection line according to the planar projection line, establish a steel frame model based on the final BIM model; and then guide the on-site steel frame construction.

[0027] Step 7: During on-site construction, the surface panel 1 is placed on the steel frame, and the gaps between the surface panels 1 are repaired with caulking compound, thus completing the construction of the surface panel 1 of the water-drop staircase based on BIM on-site.

[0028] For Step 7, a steel frame model is separately generated in the BIM model, and the generated 3D steel frame model is used to guide on-site construction; the steel frame in the upper part of the steel frame model also serves as the keel framework of the ceiling unit 4.

[0029] Based on the confirmed final BIM model, utilize the interactive function of the sat file format between Rhino software and Revit software to position the glass railing unit 2 of the water-drop staircase in Revit software; the glass railing unit 2 is segmented according to the styling arc line reserved during the styling design process of the surface panel 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the glass railing unit 2 is divided into the staircase glass railing 21 and the floor slab glass railing 22. The staircase glass railing 21 is divided according to the linearity of the staircase; among them, the floor slab glass railing 22 is divided into the corner platform and the upper staircase landing. The staircase glass railing 21 at the upper staircase landing is located above the ceiling unit 4 and is arranged corresponding to the arc of the surface panel 1 at the ceiling.

[0031] In this embodiment, the water-drop staircase glass is segmented according to the shaping arcs reserved in the GRG shaping design process. There are 63 segments in total, with the minimum arc length being 440 mm, the arc length radius being 2004 mm, the maximum arc length being 1367 mm, and the arc length radius being 73259 mm. To ensure the accuracy of subsequent glass block division and the positioning of the solid columns of the railing, the radian is divided during the deepening process of the GRG shaping of the water-drop staircase. For the glass block division plan in the corner platform area, 13 standard blocks and 4 non-standard blocks are designed, and the glass radian is designed to be 1200 mm.

[0032] In this embodiment, based on the confirmed BIM model, detailed drawings are produced as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 and the water-drop decorative panels are divided according to the installation requirements, and processing drawings are generated. Then, they are optimized and processed according to the processing drawings and produced; the segmented water-drop decorative panels produced are numbered in parallel, and then assembled on-site. After the installation accuracy meets the requirements, the surface coating is uniformly applied, thus completing the installation of the surface plate 1 of the water-drop staircase structure 3.

[0033] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-drop-shaped staircase optimization construction method based on BIM and point cloud models, characterized in that, The construction of the water-drop-shaped staircase structure part has been completed, and there are changes in the elevation and axis direction of the construction site compared with the original design drawings. The original design position of the surface panel is occupied by the on-site construction structure; the surface panel is a water-drop-shaped hyperbolic rotating panel; The optimized construction method of the water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model is as follows: Step 1: Conduct on-site surveys on the constructed staircase structure and floor; on-site, use high-precision measuring equipment to conduct horizontal orthographic projection layout of the constructed water-drop staircase structure and its related structures, measure and mark the points using the plane rectangular coordinate system; then organize the formed data points on the CAD drawing; Step 2: Conduct three-dimensional point cloud scanning based on the on-site survey situation to obtain point cloud data and build a data model; Step 3: According to the horizontal orthographic projection CAD drawing in Step 1, combined with the design concept of the surface panel blueprint, establish a hyperbolic water-drop staircase structure including the initial version of the BIM model of the surface panel; Step 4: Since the coordinate system and central axis applied in the initial version of the BIM model are the same as those on-site, compare the initial version of the BIM model with the point cloud model and adjust the initial version of the BIM model to match the on-site scanned point cloud model; Step 5: Adjust the outer surface of the surface panel in the initial version of the BIM model to make its surface meet the design styling requirements; confirm the styling of the water-drop staircase surface panel to form the final BIM model; Step 6: According to the plane projection line, reverse-infer the steel frame projection line from the determined final BIM model, and establish a steel frame model based on the final BIM model; then guide the on-site steel frame construction; Step 7: During on-site construction, the surface panel is located on the steel frame, and the gaps between the surface panels are repaired with caulking compound, thus completing the construction of the water-drop-shaped staircase surface panel based on BIM on-site.

2. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, wherein, The surface panel is a GRG board, and the GRG boards are assembled in blocks in a hyperbolic rotating shape, showing a water-drop shape under the corner platform, concave upward horizontally to one side and rotating and extending to the ceiling unit at both ends.

3. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, characterized in that, For Step 1, on-site, use a total station and a laser rangefinder for horizontal orthographic projection layout, and measure and mark the points of the outer contours of the already constructed staircase structure and corner platform using the plane rectangular coordinate system.

4. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, characterized in that, For Step 2, scan the construction site with a three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain accurate three-dimensional data of the staircase structure and the surrounding environment; the three-dimensional data provides real-time on-site information for the BIM model, determines the differences between the design and the actual construction, and makes adjustments; compare the scanned three-dimensional point cloud data in the Rhino software.

5. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, characterized in that, When matching the initial version of the BIM model with the on-site scanned point cloud model in Step 4, match the completed staircase surface on-site with the completed staircase surface in the initial version of the BIM model.

6. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, characterized in that, For Step 7, generate a steel frame model separately in the BIM model, and use the generated three-dimensional steel frame model to guide on-site construction; the steel frame in the upper part of the steel frame model also serves as the keel framework of the ceiling unit.

7. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the final BIM model that has been confirmed to be completed, using the interactive function of the sat file format between Rhino software and Revit software, the positioning of the glass railing units for the water-drop staircase is carried out in Revit software; the glass railing units are segmented according to the styling arcs reserved during the surface panel styling design process.

8. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 7, characterized in that, The glass railing units are divided into staircase glass railings and floor slab glass railings. The staircase glass railings are standardly divided according to the linearity of the staircase; among them, the floor slab glass railings are divided into those at the corner platform and at the upper staircase opening. The staircase glass railings at the upper staircase opening are located above the ceiling unit and are correspondingly set according to the arc of the surface panel at the ceiling.

9. The optimized construction method of a water-drop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the confirmed and completed BIM model, detailed drawings are produced, and the water-drop decorative panels are block-designed according to the installation requirements, and processing drawings are generated. Then, they are optimized and processed according to the processing drawings and produced; the produced block water-drop decorative panels are numbered in parallel, and then assembled on-site. After the installation accuracy meets the requirements, the decorative coatings are uniformly applied, thus completing the installation of the surface panels of the water-drop staircase structure.

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