Directional drilling guiding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional drilling guiding method, and relates to the technical field of directional drilling, and the method comprises the following specific steps: early-stage construction working condition investigation, and pre-planning preparation; dotting on the designed route by using a GPS position indicator, wherein the dotting comprises land points, offshore points and beach coastal points; land point equipment is installed and debugged, the ground is broken in the vertical direction for drilling, and drilling is conducted to the coastal point of the sand beach according to the land-to-sea directional drilling design route; mooring piles are installed at the coastal position of the sand beach, and anchor points are arranged at the offshore mark points; the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for guiding, carrying detection equipment, monitoring real-time position information of a drill bit, transmitting the real-time position information to a manual control end in a wireless data mode, regulating and controlling the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle and guiding the drill bit to advance according to a preset route. The position of the workboat is controlled through mooring piles and anchor points on the sea, a guiding instrument carried by the workboat assists in direction adjustment of a drill bit, and the workboat travels on the sea point according to a designed route by means of a coordination mechanism. The drilling efficiency and accuracy are improved, and meanwhile the construction risk and cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of directional drilling, and in particular to a directional drilling guidance method. Background Art

[0002] Submarine cable landing construction is an important part of marine engineering and underground pipeline laying technology. The land-to-sea directional drilling technology used achieves seamless connection of submarine cables from land to sea by drilling holes underground and laying pipelines. Directional drilling direction control is a key part of the construction, which directly affects the laying accuracy and construction efficiency of the pipeline.

[0003] Existing technologies face obvious defects when applied in near-shore waters: on the one hand, small construction vessels find it difficult to maintain a stable position in shallow waters and rough seas, resulting in reduced guidance accuracy; on the other hand, iron construction vessels will interfere with magnetic detection equipment, further reducing guidance accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the many problems faced by directional drilling guidance technology in submarine cable landing construction in nearshore waters, such as the impact on the stability of the construction vessel and the accuracy of detection equipment in an environment with shallow water and strong winds and waves, the present application provides a directional drilling guidance method.

[0005] A directional drilling guidance method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution A directional drilling guidance method comprises the following steps: S1: Preliminary construction condition survey and pre-planning of the route; S2: Use GPS to mark points on the designed route, including land points, sea points and beach points; S3: Installation and commissioning of equipment at the land point, breaking the ground vertically and drilling to the beach seaside point according to the designed route of land-to-sea directional drilling; S4: Install mooring piles on the beach near the sea and set anchor points at the offshore marking points; S5: Use drone guidance, carry detection equipment, hover at a preset drone height and release the detection equipment to monitor the real-time position information of the drill bit, transmit wireless data mode to the manual control end, adjust the drone position, and guide the drill bit to move along the preset route; S6: The position of the construction vessel is controlled by mooring piles and anchor points at sea, and the direction of the drill bit is adjusted with the assistance of the guide instrument carried by the construction vessel. The construction vessel relies on the coordination organization to travel to the offshore point according to the designed route.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, the orderliness and feasibility of the construction process are ensured, the construction risks are reduced, and the GPS locator is used to mark points on the designed route to form three marking positions, which improves the accuracy of the drilling position and provides an accurate reference for subsequent construction. After the equipment is installed and debugged at the land point, the drill is vertically drilled and drilled to the seaside point on the beach according to the designed route, ensuring the accuracy of the drilling path and reducing the deviation. Mooring piles are installed at the seaside of the beach, and anchor points are set at the offshore marking points to form stable fixed points, which effectively reduces the influence of nearshore waves and currents and improves the stability of the guidance. The detection equipment carried by the drone is used for real-time position monitoring, and the position of the drone is controlled by wireless data transmission to the manual control end, realizing the precise guidance of the drill direction and improving the guidance efficiency and accuracy; the position of the construction ship is controlled by mooring piles and anchor points at sea, and the drill direction adjustment is assisted by the guide instrument carried by the construction ship, which further improves the accuracy and reliability of the guidance and ensures that the drill moves to the offshore point according to the preset route.

[0007] Optionally, the GPS locator in step S2 adopts a differential GPS device or a Beidou positioning system.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning accuracy is improved and accurate points are ensured on the designed route, thereby providing a more reliable position reference for subsequent directional drilling guidance and reducing drilling deviations caused by positioning errors.

[0009] Optionally, the guide instrument is an interference-resistant magnetic guide instrument or a laser guide instrument.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the interference caused by the iron hull to the detection equipment can be effectively reduced, the guidance accuracy can be improved, and the stability and accuracy of the guidance instrument can be ensured in the environment of shallow water and strong winds and waves near the shore, thereby achieving precise control of the drill bit direction and improving construction efficiency and project quality.

[0011] Optionally, the method of controlling the position of the construction vessel by mooring piles and anchor points in S5 includes utilizing the tension of the mooring piles and anchor points to move the construction vessel forward and backward along the designed route.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the tension of mooring piles and anchor points is used to control the forward and backward movement of the construction vessel along the designed route, which can effectively reduce the impact of near-shore waves and currents on the position of the construction vessel and improve the guidance accuracy. Combined with the preliminary construction condition investigation and pre-planned route preparation, a GPS locator is used to mark points on the designed route, including land points, sea points and beach seaside points, as well as mooring piles installed at the beach seaside and anchor points set at sea marking points. These measures ensure that the construction vessel is stable on the designed route, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the drill bit guidance.

[0013] Optionally, in step S6, the deflection direction of the construction vessel by the coordination mechanism is changed according to the position, heading, speed, anchoring time point, anchor chain tension, cable laying tension, cable allowance, and the working condition of the cable winch.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the construction vessel can dynamically adjust the deflection direction of the construction vessel by the coordination mechanism according to various working conditions with large mutations, so as to more accurately control the construction vessel to travel on the designed route. This not only improves the stability of the construction vessel in the nearshore complex environment, but also ensures the accuracy of the drill bit guidance, effectively reduces the influence of external factors such as water flow and wind force on the position of the construction vessel, and further improves the reliability and efficiency of the overall directional drilling guidance method.

[0015] Optionally, step S6 further includes setting a fixed guiding platform in the nearshore sea area for the construction vessel to dock steadily, and the fixed guiding platform is fixed to the seabed through brackets.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, setting a fixed guiding platform in the nearshore sea area can provide a stable docking position for the construction vessel, avoiding the instability of the construction vessel position caused by the influence of wind waves and water flow. The fixed guiding platform is fixed to the seabed through brackets, enhancing the structural stability, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of the construction vessel during operation at the nearshore end.

[0017] Optionally, in step S3, the single fluke anchor is fixed to the seabed through the anchor chain to ensure that the length of the anchor chain adapts to different water depths; the anchor point is anchored to the seabed through the single fluke anchor mechanism, and the detection device is started to detect the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters, including the single fluke anchor, the anchor chain, and the buoy. The buoy is installed at the upper end of the anchor chain to provide buoyancy.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed device composed of the single fluke anchor, the anchor chain, and the buoy can adapt to different water depth environments and ensure that the anchor point is stably fixed to the seabed. The buoy is installed at the upper end of the anchor chain to provide buoyancy, effectively reducing the tension of the anchor chain on the single fluke anchor and improving the stability of the overall structure. At the same time, starting the detection device to detect the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters can significantly improve the accuracy of the drill bit guidance, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the directional drilling construction.

[0019] Optionally, in step S3, the direction of the drill bit is guided by an artificial operating orientation instrument on land.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the artificial operating orientation instrument can accurately guide the direction of the drill bit on land to ensure that the drill bit travels along the preset route. Utilizing the flexibility and intuitiveness of manual operation, the direction of the drill bit is adjusted in real time to improve the guiding accuracy; at the same time, the problem of equipment interference in the land environment is avoided, and the construction efficiency and reliability are improved.

[0021] Optionally, the coordination mechanism in step S5 includes propellers independently driven on both sides of the construction ship. The construction ship is subject to the water flow and wind resistance F1, the acting force F2 of each propeller, and the self-driving force F3 of the construction ship itself. The resultant force in all directions drives the construction ship to travel along the designed route.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the propellers independently driven on both sides of the construction ship can apply different acting forces F2 respectively, jointly form a resultant force with the water flow and wind resistance F1 and the self-driving force F3 of the construction ship itself, and independently drive the propellers on different sides according to different situations, ensuring that the construction ship travels precisely along the designed route, effectively resisting the influence of waves and currents at the near-shore end, and improving the guiding accuracy.

[0023] Optionally, a support frame is fixed on the buoy, which is kept horizontal and faces the direction of the drill bit. The detection device is started to monitor the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, fixing the support frame on the buoy can ensure the installation stability of the detection device. At the same time, the design of keeping horizontal and facing the direction of the drill bit is conducive to improving the detection accuracy. Starting the detection device to monitor the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters effectively improves the accuracy of the drill bit guidance. Especially in the environment where the water is shallow and the wind and waves are large at the near-shore end, it can significantly reduce the influence of external interference on the guiding accuracy.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By installing mooring piles and setting anchor points with offshore markers on the beach facing the sea, the position of the construction ship is effectively controlled, the influence of waves and currents at the near-shore end on the stability of the construction ship is reduced, and the guiding accuracy is improved; 2. Using an anti-interference magnetic guiding instrument or a laser guiding instrument to avoid the interference generated by the iron construction ship on the detection device, and further improve the guiding accuracy; 3. Combining the collaborative work of a high-precision GPS locator and a guiding instrument to achieve seamless connection between onshore and offshore guiding, optimize the directional drilling construction process, and improve the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart showing a directional drilling guiding method of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram showing the forces acting on a construction vessel for a directional drilling guidance method presented in this application. Specific Embodiments

[0029] The following will further elaborate on this application in conjunction with the Figure 1-2 appendices.

[0030] Example 1 A directional drilling guidance method provided by an embodiment of this application is as follows. Refer to Figure 1 the illustration. It includes steps such as pre-construction working condition investigation, pre-planning and preparing the route, using a GPS locator to mark points on the designed route, installing and debugging equipment at land points, installing mooring piles at the beach near the sea and setting anchor points for offshore marking points, using a drone for guidance, and controlling the position of the construction vessel at sea through mooring piles and anchor points. Among them, each step cooperates with each other to ultimately achieve the purpose of the drill bit traveling along the preset route.

[0031] Specifically, using a GPS locator to mark points on the designed route includes land points, offshore points, and beach points near the sea. The GPS locator can use a differential GPS device or a Beidou positioning system. Taking the differential GPS device as an example, it consists of a reference station and a mobile station. The reference station is located at a known high-precision coordinate point and sends correction numbers to the mobile station through wireless communication, thereby significantly improving the positioning accuracy. The Beidou positioning system, on the other hand, works with multiple satellites to achieve high-precision positioning globally. Different positioning systems are adopted according to different working condition requirements.

[0032] After the equipment at the land point is installed and debugged, drill downward vertically by breaking through the ground and drill to the beach point near the sea according to the land-to-sea directional drilling designed route. The guidance instrument can be an anti-interference magnetic guidance instrument or a laser guidance instrument. The anti-interference magnetic guidance instrument is made of shielding material for its shell, effectively reducing external magnetic field interference and ensuring the accuracy of the detection equipment data. The laser guidance instrument, on the other hand, uses a laser beam to accurately indicate the direction of the drill bit, featuring high precision and high stability. On land, the drill bit direction is guided by manually operating the guidance instrument, and the drill bit attitude is adjusted in real time through a handheld device to ensure the accuracy of the drilling path.

[0033] Using a drone for guidance, carrying a detection device, hovering at a preset altitude of the drone and releasing the detection device to monitor the real-time position information of the drill bit, and transmitting it to the manual control end in a wireless data mode to adjust the position of the drone and guide the drill bit to travel along the preset route. The detection device carried by the drone mainly includes an antenna, a receiver, and a processor. The antenna is used to receive the signal emitted by the drill bit, the receiver converts the signal into an electrical signal, and the processor analyzes and processes the electrical signal to obtain the real-time position information of the drill bit. For example, UWB (Ultra-Wideband) technology can be used to achieve high-precision positioning, or an inertial navigation system combined with a magnetometer can be used for multi-dimensional detection.

[0034] Control the position of the construction ship at sea through mooring piles and anchor points. Use the guiding instrument carried by the construction ship to assist in adjusting the direction of the drill bit. The construction ship relies on the coordination mechanism to travel along the designed route to the sea point. Use the tension of the mooring piles and anchor points to move the construction ship back and forth along the designed route to ensure that the construction ship is always near the designed route. As Figure 2 shown, the coordination mechanism includes propellers independently driven on both sides of the construction ship. The construction ship is subject to the water flow and wind resistance F1. For example, in one case, set the water flow resistance F1'', and the wind resistance is F1'. The acting force of each propeller is F2, and the self-driving force of the construction ship is F3. Generally, F3 is much greater than F1'', and F1' is balanced by the propeller F2 under the acting force. All the resultant force directions drive the construction ship to travel along the designed route. The propeller adopts a three-blade propeller structure, and the blades are designed with a swept-back angle, which can effectively reduce the generation of eddy currents and improve the propulsion efficiency. For example, when the water flow and wind resistance are small, the self-driving force F3 of the construction ship can alone drive the ship to travel along the predetermined trajectory, ensuring the preset accuracy of the trajectory and reducing energy consumption; when the water flow and wind resistance are large, the construction ship has difficulty in operation and is blocked. Combining the wind direction and flow velocity, driving one-sided or two-sided propellers to travel can ensure the stability of the overall driving trajectory and the overall energy consumption, and greatly improve the efficiency of drill bit guidance.

[0035] In addition, the construction ship is also equipped with a dynamic positioning system, which monitors the change of the hull position in real time through sensors and automatically adjusts the rotation speed and direction of the propellers to ensure that the construction ship always stays on the designed route. At the same time, according to the position, heading, speed, anchor dropping time point, anchor chain tension, cable laying tension, cable allowance, and the working condition of the cable winch, change the deflection direction of the coordination mechanism for the construction ship to further improve the positioning accuracy of the construction ship.

[0036] The implementation principle of a directional drilling guidance method in an embodiment of this application is as follows: Through the investigation of the pre-construction working conditions and the pre-planned preparation route, ensure the orderly progress of the entire construction process. Use a GPS locator to mark points on the designed route to provide accurate reference for subsequent construction. After the installation and commissioning of the land point equipment, use the guiding instrument to guide the direction of the drill bit to ensure that the drilling path is accurate. Install mooring piles and set anchor points at the sea marker points on the beach near the sea to provide stable support for the construction ship, and use an unmanned aerial vehicle for guidance to monitor the position information of the drill bit in real time and quickly adjust the direction of the drill bit to avoid the accumulation of deviations. Control the position of the construction ship at sea through mooring piles and anchor points, and combine the coordination mechanism to adjust the driving route of the construction ship to ensure that the drill bit travels along the preset route, reduce the influence of waves and currents at the near-shore end, improve the guiding accuracy in the near-shore sea area, greatly shorten the construction period, and improve the safety of operation in the sea area.

[0037] Embodiment 2 The difference between this embodiment and the above - mentioned embodiment is as follows: A fixed guiding platform is set up in the in - shore sea area for the construction ship to dock steadily. The fixed guiding platform is fixed to the seabed through brackets. The fixed guiding platform adopts a modular structure and is composed of multiple unit modules spliced together. Each unit module includes a frame structure, a buoyancy device and a connecting piece. The frame structure is made of high - strength aluminum alloy material and has the characteristics of light weight and high strength; the buoyancy device is filled with closed - cell foam and can provide stable buoyancy in water; the connecting piece adopts a quick - release design, which is convenient for on - site installation and disassembly. The top of the fixed guiding platform is provided with a guiding groove for guiding the construction ship to dock smoothly, and the bottom is fixed to the seabed through brackets to ensure the stability of the platform.

[0038] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: By setting up a fixed guiding platform in the in - shore sea area, a stable docking point is provided for the construction ship, avoiding the position deviation of the construction ship caused by the influence of wind and waves. The fixed guiding platform adopts a modular design, which is convenient for on - site assembly and disassembly and adapts to the requirements of different construction environments. The combined action of the high - strength aluminum alloy frame structure and the closed - cell foam buoyancy device ensures that the platform maintains a stable state in water. The guiding groove is reasonably designed and can effectively guide the construction ship to dock smoothly, improving the construction efficiency and safety.

[0039] Embodiment 3 The difference between this embodiment and the above - mentioned embodiment is as follows: In step S3, the single - fluke anchor is fixed to the seabed through an anchor chain to ensure that the length of the anchor chain adapts to different water depths; the anchor point is anchored to the seabed through a single - fluke anchor mechanism. The detection equipment is started to detect the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters, including the single - fluke anchor, the anchor chain and the buoy. The buoy is installed at the upper end of the anchor chain to provide buoyancy. The single - fluke anchor adopts a double - wing structure design, and the wing plates are streamlined, which can quickly embed into the soil at the seabed and provide stable anchoring force. The anchor chain is made of high - strength steel material and has excellent tensile strength and wear - resistant performance; a support frame is fixed on the buoy to keep it horizontal and facing the direction of the drill bit. The detection equipment is started to monitor the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters.

[0040] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: Through the combined structure of the single - fluke anchor, the anchor chain and the buoy, the stable positioning of the construction ship in the in - shore sea area is realized. The single - fluke anchor can quickly embed into the soil at the seabed and provide stable anchoring force; the anchor chain is made of high - strength steel material to ensure long - term use in a complex marine environment. It can keep the detection equipment horizontal and facing the direction of the drill bit, ensuring the accuracy of data collection. Overall, it effectively solves the problem of difficult positioning of the construction ship during the guiding process in the in - shore sea area and improves the construction efficiency and safety.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first", "second", "third" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similar terms such as "a" or "an" do not denote a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. Terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A directional drilling guiding method, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Conduct research on the pre-construction working conditions and pre-plan the preparation route; S2: Use a GPS locator to mark points on the designed route, including land points, offshore points, and beach coastal points; S3: Install and debug the equipment at the land points, break through the ground vertically and drill down, and drill to the beach coastal point according to the designed route of the land-to-sea directional drill; S4: Install mooring piles at the beach coastal area and set anchor points at the marked offshore points; S5: Use a drone for guidance, carry a detection device, hover at a preset drone height and release the detection device, monitor the real-time position information of the drill bit, transmit it to the manual control end in a wireless data mode, adjust the position of the drone, and guide the drill bit to travel along the preset route; S6: Control the position of the construction ship through mooring piles and anchor points at sea, assist in adjusting the direction of the drill bit by the guiding instrument carried by the construction ship, and the construction ship relies on the coordination mechanism to travel to the offshore points along the designed route.

2. The directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The GPS locator described in step S2 uses a differential GPS device or a Beidou positioning system.

3. The directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding instrument is an anti-interference magnetic guiding instrument or a laser guiding instrument.

4. The directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of controlling the position of the construction ship through mooring piles and anchor points in S5 includes using the pulling forces of the mooring piles and anchor points to move the construction ship forward and backward along the designed route.

5. A directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 changes the deflection direction of the construction ship by the coordination mechanism according to the position, heading, speed, anchor dropping time point, anchor chain tension, cable laying tension, cable allowance, and the working conditions of the cable winch.

6. The directional drilling guidance method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 also includes setting a fixed guiding platform in the nearshore sea area for the construction ship to dock steadily, and the fixed guiding platform is fixed to the seabed through brackets.

7. A directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, a single fluke anchor is fixed to the seabed through an anchor chain to ensure that the length of the anchor chain adapts to different water depths; the anchor point is anchored to the seabed through a single fluke anchor mechanism, start the detection device, and detect the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters, including the single fluke anchor, anchor chain, and buoy, and the buoy is installed at the upper end of the anchor chain to provide buoyancy.

8. A directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: On land in step S3, the direction of the drill bit is guided by a manual guiding instrument.

9. A directional drilling guiding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coordination mechanism in step S5 includes propellers independently driven on both sides of the construction ship. The construction ship is subject to the water flow and wind resistance F1, the acting force F2 of each propeller, and the self-driving force F3 of the construction ship. The resultant force direction of all of them drives the construction ship to travel along the designed route.

10. A directional drilling guidance method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support frame is fixed on the buoy to keep it horizontal and facing the direction of the drill bit, start the detection device, and monitor the position of the drill bit in real time and adjust the guiding parameters.

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