Tower type vertical axis wind turbine and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tower type vertical axis wind turbine. The tower type vertical axis wind turbine comprises a rack; the at least three rotating assemblies are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the rack, and each rotating assembly comprises a blade and a supporting structure; the generator is fixedly connected with the supporting structure of the lower-layer rotating assembly; at least two magnetic coupling units, each magnetic coupling unit is arranged between two adjacent rotating assemblies, each magnetic coupling unit comprises a stator fixed on one rotating assembly and a rotor fixed on the other adjacent rotating assembly, and the stators and the rotors are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively; each coupling driving mechanism is connected to at least one of the stator and the rotor; the torque adjusting mechanism is connected to the supporting structure of the lower-layer rotating assembly; the attack angle adjusting mechanism is connected to the blades of the lower-layer rotating assembly; and a control system. The problems that an existing vertical-axis wind turbine is difficult to start and low in efficiency at the low wind speed and has the overspeed risk at the high wind speed are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a wind generator, in particular to a tower-type vertical-axis wind generator and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of wind power generation. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy source, wind energy plays an important role in the transformation of the global energy structure. Vertical axis wind turbines have attracted attention due to their advantages such as insensitivity to wind direction, relatively simple structure, and easy maintenance. However, existing vertical axis wind turbines, especially under low wind speed conditions, generally have problems such as difficulty in starting, high wind speed required for starting, and low power generation efficiency. In addition, under high wind speed conditions, excessively high rotation speed may cause structural damage or unstable operation, requiring effective speed regulation and braking mechanisms. How to improve the starting performance and operating efficiency of vertical axis wind turbines at low wind speeds, and ensure their safe and stable operation at high wind speeds, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the above background, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tower-type vertical axis wind turbine to solve the problems of existing vertical axis wind turbines such as difficulty in starting at low wind speeds, low efficiency, and risk of overspeed at high wind speeds, thereby improving wind energy utilization efficiency and operational stability.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for the above-mentioned tower-type vertical axis wind turbine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A tower type vertical axis wind turbine generator, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] At least three rotating assemblies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the frame, the at least three rotating assemblies include an upper rotating assembly, a middle rotating assembly and a lower rotating assembly arranged below the middle rotating assembly, the upper rotating assembly and the middle rotating assembly are both connected to the frame through bearings, and each rotating assembly includes at least one blade and a supporting structure for supporting the blade;

[0009] A generator fixedly connected to the support structure of the lower rotating assembly;

[0010] At least two magnetic coupling units, each magnetic coupling unit being disposed between two adjacent ones of the rotating components. The magnetic coupling unit includes a stator fixed to one rotating component and a rotor fixed to an adjacent other rotating component. A coil is disposed on the stator, and a permanent magnet is disposed on the rotor. The stator and the rotor are coaxially arranged and capable of relative rotation;

[0011] At least two coupling driving mechanisms, each coupling driving mechanism being connected to at least one of the stator and the rotor, and being configured to drive the stator and the rotor to move axially relative to each other along the axial direction of the frame;

[0012] A torque adjusting mechanism, connected to the support structure of the lower rotating component, and configured to change the radial distance of the blades of the lower rotating component relative to the frame;

[0013] An angle of attack adjusting mechanism, connected to the blades of the lower rotating component, and configured to adjust the angle of attack of the blades of the lower rotating component;

[0014] A control system, electrically connected to the coupling driving mechanism, the torque adjusting mechanism, and the angle of attack adjusting mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the upper rotating component includes at least one upper blade and an upper support arm. The upper support arm connects the upper blade and the upper rotating support component, and the upper rotating support component is rotatable about the frame; the middle rotating component is disposed below the upper rotating component and includes at least one middle blade and a middle support arm. The middle support arm connects the middle blade and the middle rotating support component, and the middle rotating support component is rotatable about the frame; the lower rotating component is disposed below the middle rotating component and includes at least one lower blade and a lower support structure. The lower support structure connects the lower blade and is in transmission connection with the generator.

[0016] Preferably, the magnetic coupling unit includes a first magnetic coupling unit and a second magnetic coupling unit; the first magnetic coupling unit is disposed between the upper rotating component and the middle rotating component, and the first magnetic coupling unit includes an upper-middle stator and an upper-middle rotor; the second magnetic coupling unit is disposed between the middle rotating component and the lower rotating component, and the second magnetic coupling unit includes a middle-lower stator and a middle-lower rotor.

[0017] Preferably, the coupling driving mechanism includes an upper coupling driving mechanism and a lower coupling driving mechanism; the upper coupling driving mechanism is configured to drive the upper-middle stator and the upper-middle rotor to move axially relative to each other along the axial direction of the frame; the lower coupling driving mechanism is configured to drive the middle-lower stator and the middle-lower rotor to move axially relative to each other along the axial direction of the frame.

[0018] Preferably, the torque adjustment mechanism includes at least one telescopic torque adjustment push rod. One end of the torque adjustment push rod is connected to the blade of the lower layer rotating assembly, and the other end of the torque adjustment push rod is connected to the support structure of the lower layer rotating assembly.

[0019] Preferably, the angle of attack adjustment mechanism includes a driving motor provided at the root of the blade of the lower layer rotating assembly.

[0020] Preferably, the control system is configured to receive wind speed information and power generation information, and control the actions of the coupling drive mechanism, the torque adjustment mechanism, and the angle of attack adjustment mechanism according to the wind speed information and the power generation information.

[0021] Preferably, the tower-type vertical axis wind turbine further includes at least two angle of attack adjustment mechanisms respectively connected to the blades of the upper layer rotating assembly and the blades of the middle layer rotating assembly.

[0022] A control method for the above-mentioned tower-type vertical axis wind turbine, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] Obtain the wind speed information and / or power generation information when the tower-type vertical axis wind turbine is operating;

[0024] Based on the wind speed information and / or power generation information, control the coupling drive mechanism to adjust the axial relative position between the stator and the rotor, so as to change the coupling degree between adjacent rotating assemblies;

[0025] Based on the wind speed information and / or power generation information, control the torque adjustment mechanism to adjust the radial distance of the blades of the lower layer rotating assembly relative to the frame;

[0026] Based on the wind speed information and / or power generation information, control the angle of attack adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle of attack of the blades of the lower layer rotating assembly.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] In a tower-type vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention, by providing a magnetic coupling unit between adjacent rotating assemblies and controlling its coupling degree by a coupling drive mechanism, the power generated by the upper layer or middle layer rotating assembly can be used to boost the start of the lower layer rotating assembly at low wind speeds, reducing the start-up wind speed. At high wind speeds, by reducing or separating the coupling, interlayer decoupling and deceleration are achieved. Combining the torque adjustment mechanism and the angle of attack adjustment mechanism of the lower layer rotating assembly can further optimize the start-up performance and perform auxiliary braking, thereby broadening the effective working wind speed range of the vertical axis wind turbine and improving the low wind speed power generation efficiency and high wind speed operation stability. Description of the Drawings

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a front-view structural schematic diagram of a tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper blades, middle blades and lower blades of a tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the blades of a tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the control system starting the boost;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the control system decelerating and braking;

[0036] In the figure: 1. Upper blades; 2. Upper angle of attack adjustment mechanism; 3. Upper support arm; 4. Upper rotating support assembly; 5. Middle blades; 6. Upper-middle stator; 7. Middle angle of attack adjustment mechanism; 8. Upper-middle rotor; 9. Upper coupling drive mechanism; 10. Middle support arm; 11. Middle rotating support assembly; 12. Lower coupling drive mechanism; 13. Lower blades; 14. Middle-lower stator; 15. Middle-lower rotor; 16. Lower angle of attack adjustment mechanism; 17. Connecting piece; 18. Torque adjustment push rod; 19. Lower rotating base plate; 20. Generator; 21. Control system; 22. Support column; 23. Frame. Specific embodiments

[0037] The following will further specifically illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention through specific embodiments in combination with the drawings. It should be understood that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any formal adaptation and / or change made to the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are in weight units, and the equipment and raw materials used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified. The components or equipment in the following embodiments are general standard components or components known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified, and their structures and principles can all be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or by conventional experimental methods.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, for the sake of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, one or more embodiments can also be implemented by those skilled in the art without these specific details.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention disclose a tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine includes a frame 23, at least three rotating components axially distributed along the frame 23, a generator 20, at least two magnetic coupling units, at least two coupling drive mechanisms, a torque adjustment mechanism, an angle of attack adjustment mechanism, and a control system 21.

[0041] The frame 23 is used to support the entire tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine and can be fixed to the ground or an installation platform by means such as water injection or anchor bolts to ensure overall stability. The frame 23 is provided with support columns 22 for supporting the upper structure.

[0042] In this embodiment, three rotating components are provided, which are arranged at intervals along the axis of the frame 23. The specific configuration is as follows.

[0043] The upper rotating component consists of at least one upper blade 1, an upper support arm 3 for supporting the upper blade 1, and an upper rotating support component 4. One end of the upper support arm 3 is connected to the upper blade 1, and the other end is connected to the upper rotating support component 4. The upper rotating support component 4 is a flange or hub structure with bearings, which is sleeved on the frame 23.

[0044] The middle rotating component is arranged below the upper rotating component and consists of at least one middle blade 5, a middle support arm 10 for supporting the middle blade 5, and a middle rotating support component 11. The middle rotating support component 11 is also a flange or hub structure with bearings, which is sleeved on the frame 23. In order to transmit the electric energy or control signals generated by the upper rotating component and the middle rotating component, a conductive slip ring can be provided at or near the middle rotating support component 11.

[0045] The lower - layer rotating assembly is arranged below the middle - layer rotating assembly and is composed of at least one lower - layer blade 13 and a lower - layer support structure. The lower - layer support structure is a lower - layer rotating base plate 19, and the lower - layer rotating base plate 19 is fixedly connected or connected to the rotor shaft of the generator 20 through a transmission mechanism.

[0046] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the upper - layer blade 1, the middle - layer blade 5, and the lower - layer blade 13 adopt an airfoil structure.

[0047] Crucially, in this embodiment, two magnetic coupling units are provided between adjacent rotating assemblies. The specific configuration is as follows.

[0048] The first magnetic coupling unit is arranged between the upper - layer rotating assembly and the middle - layer rotating assembly and is composed of an upper - middle stator and an upper - middle rotor. The upper - middle stator 6 is fixed on the upper surface of the middle - layer rotating support assembly 11, and coil windings are evenly distributed thereon. The upper - middle rotor 8 is fixed at the lower end of the upper - layer support arm 3, located directly above the upper - middle stator 6, and permanent magnets are evenly distributed thereon. The upper - middle stator 6 and the upper - middle rotor 8 are coaxially arranged.

[0049] The second magnetic coupling unit is arranged between the middle - layer rotating assembly and the lower - layer rotating assembly and is composed of a middle - lower stator 14 and a middle - lower rotor 15. The middle - lower stator 14 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower - layer rotating base plate 19 or connected thereto through a bracket, and coils are arranged thereon. The middle - lower rotor 15 is fixed at the lower end of the middle - layer support arm 10 or connected thereto through a bracket, located directly above the middle - lower stator 14, and permanent magnets are arranged thereon. The middle - lower stator 14 and the middle - lower rotor 15 are coaxially arranged.

[0050] The material of the stator can be selected as laminated silicon steel sheets, and the permanent magnets on the rotor can be selected as high - performance permanent magnetic materials.

[0051] To control the coupling degree of the magnetic coupling units, two coupling driving mechanisms are provided. The specific configuration is as follows.

[0052] The upper coupling driving mechanism 9 is connected between the upper - layer rotating assembly and the middle - layer rotating assembly and is used to drive the upper - middle stator and the upper - middle rotor to move relative to each other along the axial direction of the main shaft. For example, the upper coupling driving mechanism 9 is a linear actuator (such as an electric push rod), and by stretching and contracting, it changes the axial distance between the upper - layer rotating assembly and the middle - layer rotating assembly, thereby changing the overlapping area or gap between the stator and the rotor.

[0053] The lower coupling driving mechanism 12 is connected between the middle - layer rotating assembly and the lower - layer rotating assembly, and its structure and function are similar to those of the upper coupling driving mechanism 9, and it is used to adjust the coupling degree between the middle - lower stator and the middle - lower rotor.

[0054] The torque adjustment mechanism is realized by the torque adjustment push rod 18 in this embodiment. The torque adjustment push rod 18 has a telescopic function, such as an internal lead screw nut mechanism or a hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder. The control system 21 can control the elongation or shortening of the push rod, thereby changing the radial distance from the lower blade 13 to the rotation center.

[0055] The angle of attack adjustment mechanism is realized by the upper angle of attack adjustment mechanism 2, the middle angle of attack adjustment mechanism 7 and the lower angle of attack adjustment mechanism 16 in this embodiment. Specifically, it is a driving device (such as a low-speed motor) installed at the blade root, which drives the blade to rotate around its own spanwise axis through the connecting piece 17 to change the angle of attack.

[0056] The control system 21 generally includes a microcontroller, a sensor signal interface, a drive circuit and a relay. The control system 21 receives wind speed information from external sensors and power generation power information from the power monitoring unit. After obtaining the wind speed information and / or the power generation power information, based on the information obtained in real time, the control system 21 cooperatively performs the following control actions:

[0057] Control the action of the coupling drive mechanism (the upper coupling drive mechanism 9 and / or the lower coupling drive mechanism 12), drive the axial relative movement between the stator (the upper-middle stator 6, the middle-lower stator 14) and the rotor (the upper-middle rotor 8, the middle-lower rotor 15), so as to actively adjust their axial relative positions and change the magnetic coupling degree between adjacent rotating components.

[0058] Control the telescopic of the torque adjustment mechanism (specifically the torque adjustment push rod 18) to adjust the radial distance of the lower blade 13 relative to the frame 23.

[0059] Control the action of the angle of attack adjustment mechanism (the lower angle of attack adjustment mechanism 16, as well as the upper angle of attack adjustment mechanism 2 and the middle angle of attack adjustment mechanism 7) to adjust the angle of attack of the lower blade 13 (as well as the upper blade 1 and the middle blade 5).

[0060] This cooperative control method based on real-time working conditions enables the tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine to dynamically adjust its operating state according to wind speed changes. The control system 21 can also be equipped with a communication interface to send operation data to the upper computer or mobile terminal.

[0061] The specific process of the control method is as follows.

[0062] Low wind speed start (boost):

[0063] As Figure 5As shown, the control system 21 obtains wind speed information that is lower than the rated starting wind speed but higher than the upper starting threshold. Based on this wind speed information, the control system 21 can first control the upper angle-of-attack adjustment mechanism 2 to adjust the upper blades 1 to the optimal starting angle. When the upper rotating assembly starts to rotate or the wind speed further increases, the control system 21 controls the upper coupling drive mechanism 9 to act based on the current operating condition information, so that the upper-middle stator 6 and the rotor are coupled (increasing the coupling degree). Similarly, when it is necessary to boost the lower layer, based on relevant information, the lower coupling drive mechanism 12 is controlled to couple the middle-lower stator 14 and the rotor. At the same time, based on the requirement of starting at low wind speeds, the control system 21 controls the torque adjustment push rod 18 to extend, so as to increase the lever arm of the lower blades 13, and controls the lower angle-of-attack adjustment mechanism 16 to adjust the lower blades 13 to the optimal starting angle of attack.

[0064] Normal operation and efficiency optimization:

[0065] The control system 21 continuously obtains wind speed and power generation power information during operation. Based on this information, the control system 21 controls the angle-of-attack adjustment mechanisms of each layer and the torque adjustment push rod 18 to dynamically adjust the blade angle of attack and the lower lever arm, so as to seek the best power generation efficiency under the current wind conditions. At this time, the coupling drive mechanism maintains a certain coupling state to achieve inter-layer energy transfer and combined power generation.

[0066] High wind speed deceleration and braking:

[0067] As Figure 6 shown, the control system 21 obtains over-limit wind speed information or power generation power information. Based on this over-limit information, the control system 21 starts a deceleration program: controls the lower angle-of-attack adjustment mechanism 16 to adjust the lower blades 13 to an angle of attack that reduces lift and increases drag. Controls the torque adjustment push rod 18 to shorten, reducing the lower lever arm. Controls the coupling drive mechanism to act, reducing the coupling area between the stator and the rotor (reducing the coupling degree), so as to reduce the inter-layer driving force transmission and achieve a certain magnetic braking effect. If further deceleration is still required, based on the safety strategy, the control system 21 can further control the externally configured brake to act and apply mechanical braking.

[0068] By implementing the above control method, the tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine of this embodiment can operate in a wider wind speed range, effectively improving the low wind speed starting performance and power generation, and having a high wind speed protection mechanism.

[0069] In order to verify the effect of the tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine of this embodiment, a comparison is made with a common vertical-axis wind turbine, and the starting wind speed and power generation at the same wind speed of the two are studied through a wind tunnel test.

[0070] Start the wind tunnel, set the wind speed to 3 m / s, detect and record each data after the wind speed is stable, and the analysis and collation results obtained through the experiment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0071]

[0072] When the wind speed is 3.76 m / s, the upper blade 1 of this embodiment starts to rotate and generate electricity, and the rotation speed stabilizes at 21 rpm, but it does not successfully boost the middle blade 5.

[0073] When the wind speed is 5.82 m / s, the upper blade 1 of this embodiment can successfully boost the middle blade 5, making the rotation speed of the middle blade 5 stabilize at 20 rpm, while the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine fails to start generating electricity.

[0074] When the wind speed is 7.39 m / s, this embodiment can start the rotation of the bottom blade under the boost of the middle blade 5, and the rotation speed stabilizes at 21 rpm. The overall power generation of this embodiment is stable, while the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine can start generating electricity, but the rotation speed is unstable.

[0075] When the wind speed is 8.51 m / s, the three - layer blades of this embodiment rotate and generate electricity in cooperation, and the rotation speeds stabilize at 27 rpm, 26 rpm, and 24 rpm, and the overall power generation is stable, while the rotation speed of the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine stabilizes at 23 rpm.

[0076] When the wind speed is 10.67 m / s, this embodiment reaches the optimal power generation, and the rotation speeds of the three layers stabilize at 28 rpm, 27 rpm, and 25 rpm. The overall power generation of the device is stable, while the power generation of the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine is relatively low.

[0077] When the wind speed is 12.17 m / s, the blades of this embodiment start to decelerate, maintaining the rotation speeds of the three - layer blades at 30 rpm, 29 rpm, and 26 rpm respectively, while the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine can no longer work properly.

[0078] It can be seen that compared with the existing ordinary vertical axis wind turbines on the market, the working range of this embodiment is wider. Under light - wind conditions, this embodiment can start, while the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine fails to start generating electricity at this time. Under the same wind - speed conditions, the power generation of this embodiment is higher. This embodiment can remain stable in an environment with a higher wind speed, while the ordinary vertical axis wind turbine can no longer work at this time.

[0079] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tower-type vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: The tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine includes: a frame (23); at least three rotating components, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the frame (23). The at least three rotating components include an upper-layer rotating component, a middle-layer rotating component, and a lower-layer rotating component arranged below the middle-layer rotating component. Both the upper-layer rotating component and the middle-layer rotating component are connected to the frame (23) through bearings. Each rotating component includes at least one blade and a support structure for supporting the blade; a generator (20), fixedly connected to the support structure of the lower-layer rotating component; at least two magnetic coupling units. Each magnetic coupling unit is arranged between two adjacent rotating components. The magnetic coupling unit includes a stator fixed on one rotating component and a rotor fixed on an adjacent other rotating component. A coil is arranged on the stator, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor. The stator and the rotor are coaxially arranged and can rotate relative to each other; at least two coupling driving mechanisms. Each coupling driving mechanism is connected to at least one of the stator and the rotor, and is used to drive the stator and the rotor to move relatively along the axial direction of the frame (23); a torque adjusting mechanism, connected to the support structure of the lower-layer rotating component, and is used to change the radial distance of the blade of the lower-layer rotating component relative to the frame (23); an angle of attack adjusting mechanism, connected to the blade of the lower-layer rotating component, and is used to adjust the angle of attack of the blade of the lower-layer rotating component; a control system (21), electrically connected to the coupling driving mechanism, the torque adjusting mechanism, and the angle of attack adjusting mechanism.

2. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper-layer rotating component includes at least one upper-layer blade (1) and an upper-layer support arm (3). The upper-layer support arm (3) connects the upper-layer blade (1) and an upper-layer rotating support component (4). The upper-layer rotating support component (4) can rotate around the frame (23). The middle-layer rotating component is arranged below the upper-layer rotating component and includes at least one middle-layer blade (5) and a middle-layer support arm (10). The middle-layer support arm (10) connects the middle-layer blade (5) and a middle-layer rotating support component (11). The middle-layer rotating support component (11) can rotate around the frame (23). The lower-layer rotating component is arranged below the middle-layer rotating component and includes at least one lower-layer blade (13) and a lower-layer support structure. The lower-layer support structure connects the lower-layer blade (13) and is in transmission connection with the generator (20).

3. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic coupling unit includes a first magnetic coupling unit and a second magnetic coupling unit. The first magnetic coupling unit is arranged between the upper-layer rotating component and the middle-layer rotating component. The first magnetic coupling unit includes an upper-middle-layer stator and an upper-middle-layer rotor. The second magnetic coupling unit is arranged between the middle-layer rotating component and the lower-layer rotating component. The second magnetic coupling unit includes a middle-lower-layer stator and a middle-lower-layer rotor.

4. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling drive mechanism includes an upper coupling drive mechanism (9) and a lower coupling drive mechanism (12); the upper coupling drive mechanism (9) is used to drive the upper-middle stator and the upper-middle rotor to move axially relative to the frame (23); the lower coupling drive mechanism (12) is used to drive the middle-lower stator and the middle-lower rotor to move axially relative to the frame (23).

5. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque adjustment mechanism includes at least one telescopic torque adjustment push rod (18), one end of the torque adjustment push rod (18) is connected to the blade of the lower rotating assembly, and the other end of the torque adjustment push rod (18) is connected to the support structure of the lower rotating assembly.

6. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of attack adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor provided at the root of the blade of the lower rotating assembly.

7. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (21) is configured to receive wind speed information and power generation information, and control the actions of the coupling drive mechanism, the torque adjustment mechanism, and the angle of attack adjustment mechanism according to the wind speed information and the power generation information.

8. A tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower-type vertical axis wind turbine further includes at least two angle of attack adjustment mechanisms respectively connected to the blades of the upper rotating assembly and the blades of the middle rotating assembly.

9. A control method for the tower-type vertical-axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Obtain the wind speed information and / or power generation information when the tower-type vertical axis wind turbine is operating; Based on the wind speed information and / or power generation information, control the coupling drive mechanism to adjust the axial relative position between the stator and the rotor to change the coupling degree between adjacent rotating assemblies; Based on the wind speed information and / or power generation information, control the torque adjustment mechanism to adjust the radial distance of the blade of the lower rotating assembly relative to the frame (23); Based on the wind speed information and / or power generation information, control the angle of attack adjustment mechanism to adjust the angle of attack of the blade of the lower rotating assembly.

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