Single pile sliding, turning and hoisting device and method

Abstract

The single-pile sliding, turning and hoisting device mainly comprises a crane ship, a channel is fixed to the crane ship, a base is arranged above the channel in a sliding mode, and the base is rotationally connected with a U-shaped clamp assembly; during transportation, one end of the single pile is placed on the channel through the shelf, and the other end of the single pile is connected with the U-shaped clamp assembly; during hoisting, one end of the single pile is gradually lifted, and the other end of the single pile slides along with the base and is separated from the U-shaped clamp assembly when the single pile is vertical. According to the single pile sliding, turning and hoisting device and method, the use of a pile transporting ship can be omitted; and the single-pile lifting process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of single-pile hoisting of offshore wind turbines, and particularly to a single-pile sliding and turning hoisting device and method; Background Art At present, single-pile foundations of offshore wind turbines are being applied more and more widely and are getting larger in size; currently, the largest single-pile size: the cylinder diameter is 9 meters, the length is 100 - 120 meters, and the weight is about 1500 - 2200 tons; generally, a special transport ship is used to transport 1 - 2 single-pile foundations from the pile manufacturing factory wharf to the target position of the offshore wind farm, and then the cargo is unloaded by a crane ship and hoisted to a designated position for pile sinking construction; transporting the single-pile by a transport ship not only increases the transportation cost, but also often poses a safety risk of the transport ship colliding with the crane ship, and the complexity of the process also affects the construction efficiency.

[0002] There are two forms of hoisting a single-pile by an existing crane ship. One form is to use a double-hook hoist and then turn it over. After the pile transport ship berths at the crane ship, the crane ship rotates the main hoist to directly above the single-pile, moves the boom of the main hoist to directly above the center of gravity of the single-pile, one lifting point is hung at the edge position of the pile top, and the other lifting point is located on the wall plate at the bottom side of the pile, and the pile is turned over and hoisted by lifting the pile top and holding the pile bottom.

[0003] Using the above hoisting method is prone to risks of oblique pulling and uneven loading. Single-hook hoisting is prone to uneven stress on the crane due to improper setting of the lifting points or operational errors, resulting in phenomena of oblique pulling and oblique hoisting, which may damage the single-pile or the crane structure; the dynamic impact load is large, and the single-pile may generate impact force due to wind and waves or operational delay during hoisting, and a hydraulic system buffer and a real-time monitoring system are required to relieve the impact and prevent equipment overload; the influence of equipment performance limiting factors is large. Single-hook hoisting has extremely high requirements for the lifting height, amplitude and stability of the crane ship, and a special ship needs to be selected and the key components need to be regularly overhauled.

[0004] The other form is to use two crane ships for ship group cooperation. The main crane ship lifts the lifting point at the pile top through the main hoist, and the auxiliary crane ship holds the pile bottom through the hoist, so as to realize the double-ship lifting operation; both of the above forms have disadvantages, such as the need for pile transport ships, double-ship or double-machine lifting operations, and large coordination difficulties in on-site processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single-pile sliding and turning hoisting device and method, which can directly transport and hoist by a crane ship, thus eliminating the use of a pile transport ship, reducing the transportation cost of the single-pile; and reducing the single-pile lifting and hoisting processes, improving the hoisting construction efficiency, and reducing the hoisting safety risk.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A single-pile sliding and turning hoisting device, comprising a crane ship, on which a passage is fixed, above which a base is slidably arranged, and the base is rotatably connected with a U-shaped clamp assembly; during transportation, one end of the single pile is placed on the passage through a shelf, and the other end of the single pile is connected with the U-shaped clamp assembly; during hoisting, one end of the single pile is gradually lifted, and the other end of the single pile slides along with the base and disengages from the U-shaped clamp assembly when it is vertical.

[0007] The passage includes a horizontal cushion beam, and first cushion plates are installed on the upper surface of the horizontal cushion beam and the lower surface of the base.

[0008] The first cushion plate is a bronze cushion plate, and the surface is smeared with grease.

[0009] Guide and limit plates are arranged on both sides of the horizontal cushion beam, and second cushion plates are installed inside the guide and limit plates. The second cushion plates are bronze cushion plates.

[0010] The passage is arranged on one side of the crane of the crane ship.

[0011] The U-shaped clamp assembly is rotatably connected with the base through a pin shaft. A limit groove is arranged on the clamp assembly, and the wall plate of the single pile is inserted into the limit groove.

[0012] When the single pile is horizontal, the limit groove of the U-shaped clamp assembly faces one side of the single pile and is aligned with the wall plate of the single pile.

[0013] An axial lifting lug is fixed on the upper part of the single pile, and the hook of the crane tightens the axial lifting lug through a rope loop.

[0014] The horizontal cushion beam includes a bottom beam, on which a support plate is fixed. A plurality of installation grooves are arranged along the length direction on the support plate, and the first cushion plates are correspondingly placed in the installation grooves and arranged at intervals.

[0015] A method for single-pile transportation and hoisting by a single-pile sliding and turning hoisting device includes the following steps: Step 1: The crane ship sails to the wharf, fixes the single pile with a special lifting tool, and the lifting equipment slowly lifts the single pile until it is completely off the ground; then moves the single pile to a predetermined position of the crane ship; the single pile is placed at the predetermined position of the crane ship, and a support structure is used to support and fix the single pile. The support structure is arranged on the left and right outer sides of the passage and is arranged at intervals along the length direction; Step 2: During transportation, the states of the crane ship and the single pile are monitored in real time; after the crane ship arrives at the sea area near the wind farm, it is accurately positioned according to the construction plan; Step 3: When it is necessary to transfer a single pile from a crane ship to a designated machine position, before hoisting, slide the U-shaped clamp assembly to one end of the single pile and engage the limit groove with the wall plate of the single pile; subsequently, tighten the shaft-type lifting lug with the hook of the crane through a wire rope loop; as the hook is slowly lifted, the U-shaped clamp assembly and the base gradually slide towards the crane side; at the same time, the single pile starts to rotate at the position of the U-shaped clamp assembly and gradually assumes an upright state. Step 4: When the single pile is completely upright and the hook is continuously lifted, the bottom of the single pile disengages from the limit groove of the U-shaped clamp assembly. At this time, the entire single pile is in a suspended state, and the crane performs a slewing operation to quickly hoist the single pile to the designated machine position.

[0016] The present invention provides a device and method for sliding and turning over the hoisting of a single pile, having the following technical effects: 1) By this method, the hoisting construction efficiency of the single pile foundation of an offshore wind turbine can be significantly improved, the safety risk can be reduced, and the innovation of the offshore wind power single pile construction technology can be led.

[0017] The improvement in construction efficiency is mainly reflected in: using the traditional method, it takes 12 hours to transport and hoist a single pile, while using this device only takes 6 hours, shortening the time by half.

[0018] The safety risk mainly refers to the risk of the hoisted object swinging. Due to factors such as wind force, the hoisted object may swing. If personnel approach or come into contact with the hoisted object at this time, they may be hit or squeezed; the insufficient stability of offshore equipment may lead to the risk of the single pile tilting or rotating. When a crane ship operates at sea, affected by wind and waves, the hull stability decreases, which may cause the single pile to tilt or become unstable during hoisting.

[0019] For the single pile offshore hoisting operation of this application, personnel do not need to approach; at the same time, the number of processes is reduced, and the time is greatly shortened. Compared with the traditional method, shortening the operation time also indirectly reduces the safety risk.

[0020] 2) By adopting a customized sliding guide rail (horizontal cushion beam + guiding and limiting plate), the rapid turning-over operation of the single pile under the single-hook and single-point hoisting state can be realized, greatly shortening the on-site hoisting duration, reducing the use of construction vessel groups, and also significantly reducing the construction cost and construction safety risk.

[0021] 3) The technical scheme design of the unique single pile turning-over sliding track and U-shaped clamp assembly ensures the rapid, efficient, and safe hoisting and turning-over operation of the single pile of the large wind turbine foundation on the crane ship.

[0022] 4) The guiding and limiting design of the sliding track improves the safety and reliability of the single pile hoisting and displacement.

[0023] 5) The design of the bronze backing plates on the upper surface of the cushion beam and the inner side of the limit plate can effectively reduce sliding wear, enabling repeated and multiple uses, thereby providing the economic benefits of the technical solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a working schematic diagram of the present invention (in the intermediate hoisting state).

[0025] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the U-shaped clip assembly in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the guide limit plate in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partial front view of the horizontal cushion beam in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a working schematic diagram of the present invention (in the initial hoisting state).

[0029] In the figure: crane ship 1, horizontal cushion beam 2, single pile 3, shaft type lifting lug 4, wire rope loop 5, hook 6, guide limit plate 7, first backing plate 8, base 9, pin 10, U-shaped clip assembly 11, second backing plate 12, limit groove 13, support structure 14; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS As Figure 1-2As shown, a single pile sliding turning hoisting device comprises a crane ship 1, and a single pile 3 is arranged on the main deck of the crane ship 1; during transportation, a shelf is used on one side of the top of the single pile 3, and the bottom of the single pile 3 is connected to a special U-shaped clamp assembly 11, and the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 is rotatably connected to a base 9 through a pin shaft 10, so that the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 can rotate freely; a horizontal cushion beam 2 is arranged at the bottom of the base 9, and the horizontal cushion beam 2 is fixed on the main deck of the crane ship 1, and the base 9 can slide along the length direction of the horizontal cushion beam 2; a first cushion plate 8 is installed at intervals on the upper surface of the horizontal cushion beam 2, and the first cushion plate 8 is made of bronze and coated with grease, and a first cushion plate 8 (coated with grease) is also installed at the bottom of the base 9, which can effectively reduce Low friction resistance during sliding; in addition, an axial lifting lug 4 is fixed on the pile body of the single pile 3 near the top of the pile. When the hook 6 tightens the axial lifting lug 4 through the wire rope ring 5, the single pile 3 is slowly lifted, and the entire single pile 3 relies on the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 and the base 9 to slide in contact with the guide sliding beam 2. Most importantly, the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 clamps the single pile 3, and the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 can rotate. When the hook 6 is slowly lifted, the single pile 3 starts to rotate at the position of the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 and is gradually in an erect state; when the single pile 3 is fully erected and the hook 6 continues to be lifted, the bottom of the single pile 3 is separated from the notch of the U-shaped clamp assembly 11. At this time, the entire single pile is in a suspended state, and the crane performs a slewing operation, and the single pile 3 can be conveniently and quickly hoisted to the designated machine position.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure that the single pile slides safely and reliably on the main deck of the crane vessel, guide limit plates 7 are arranged on both sides of the horizontal pad beam, and bronze pads 12 are installed at intervals on the inner side of the guide limit plates 7, so as to ensure that the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 can slide along the designed path, ultimately achieving safe and efficient single pile lifting and turning operations.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal pad beam 2 includes a bottom beam 2.1, a support plate 2.2 is fixed on the bottom beam 2.1, a plurality of mounting grooves 2.3 are provided on the support plate 2.2 along the length direction, and the first pads 8 are correspondingly placed in the mounting grooves 2.3 and arranged at intervals; the first pads 8 are made of bronze, and the interval arrangement is mainly considered to facilitate installation and replacement. The pads are bronze plates, and the overall installation is too heavy, and it is not convenient to transport and install on site.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, a limiting groove 13 is provided in the U-shaped clip assembly 11, and the wall plate of the single pile 3 is inserted into the limiting groove 13.

[0033] A single pile sliding turning hoisting method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The crane ship 1 sails to the single-pile manufacturing factory wharf. The lifting equipment at the single-pile manufacturing factory wharf is prepared and in place. The lifting equipment on the wharf, such as gantry cranes or floating cranes, is ready. Check the status of equipment such as slings and wire ropes. In the wharf or temporary storage area, use special slings to fix the single pile to ensure stability during the lifting process. The lifting equipment slowly lifts the single pile until it is completely off the ground, and then moves it to the predetermined position of the crane ship 1; Place the single pile at the predetermined position of the crane ship 1 and use special fixing devices such as tie straps and support structure 14 to firmly fix it to prevent it from moving or tilting during transportation; The support structure 14 is arranged on the ship deck on both sides of the horizontal cushion beam 2.

[0034] Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the fixing condition of the single pile, the stability of the ship, the configuration of safety equipment, etc. to ensure compliance with the safety standards for sea transportation; After confirming that all preparatory work is completed, release the mooring ropes of the crane ship 1, start the ship, and sail towards the destination according to the predetermined route.

[0035] Step 2: The crane ship 1 selects the best route according to the weather forecast and sea conditions, avoiding areas with bad weather and sea conditions; During transportation, monitor the status of the ship and the single pile in real time to ensure transportation safety; Upon arrival at the destination, after the crane ship 1 arrives in the waters near the wind farm, accurately locate according to the construction plan.

[0036] Step 3: When it is necessary to transfer from the crane ship 1 to the designated machine position point, before hoisting, snap the limit groove 13 of the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 onto the single pile 3; Pass the hook 6 of the crane through the wire rope loop 5 to tighten the shaft-type lifting lug 4; As the hook 6 is slowly lifted, the single pile 3 starts to rotate at the position of the U-shaped clamp assembly 11 and gradually assumes an upright state.

[0037] Step 4: When the single pile 3 is completely upright and the hook 6 is continuously lifted, the bottom of the single pile 3 disengages from the limit groove 13 of the U-shaped clamp assembly 11. At this time, the entire single pile 3 is in a suspended state, and the crane performs a slewing operation to quickly hoist the single pile 3 to the designated machine position point.

Claims

1. A single-pile sliding turnover hoisting device, characterized in that: It includes a crane ship (1) with a passage fixed thereon. A base (9) is slidably arranged above the passage, and the base (9) is rotatably connected to a U-shaped clamp assembly (11). During transportation, one end of the monopile (3) is placed on the passage through a shelf, and the other end of the monopile (3) is connected to the U-shaped clamp assembly (11). During hoisting, one end of the monopile (3) is gradually lifted, and the other end of the monopile (3) slides with the base (9) and disengages from the U-shaped clamp assembly (11) when it is vertical.

2. The single-pile slip-overturning hoisting device according to claim 1, wherein: The passage includes a horizontal cushion beam (2), and first cushion plates (8) are installed on the upper surface of the horizontal cushion beam (2) and the lower surface of the base (9).

3. The single-pile slip-overturning hoisting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cushion plate (8) is a bronze cushion plate, and lubricating grease is smeared on its surface.

4. A single-pile sliding and turning hoisting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Guide and limit plates (7) are arranged on both sides of the horizontal cushion beam (2), and second cushion plates (12) are installed inside the guide and limit plates (7). The second cushion plates (12) are bronze cushion plates.

5. The single-pile slip-overturning hoisting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The passage is arranged on the side of the crane of the crane ship (1).

6. The single-pile sliding and turning hoisting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The U-shaped clamp assembly (11) is rotatably connected to the base (9) through a pin shaft (10). A limit groove (13) is provided on the clamp assembly (11), and the wall plate of the monopile (3) is inserted into the limit groove (13).

7. A single-pile slip-overturning hoisting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the monopile (3) is horizontal, the limit groove (13) of the U-shaped clamp assembly (11) faces one side of the monopile (3) and is directly opposite to the wall plate of the monopile (3).

8. A single-pile slip-overturning hoisting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An axial lifting lug (4) is fixed on the upper part of the monopile (3), and the hook (6) of the crane is tightened on the axial lifting lug (4) through a rope loop (5).

9. The single-pile slip-overturning hoisting device according to claim 8, wherein: The horizontal cushion beam (2) includes a bottom beam (2.1), a support plate (2.2) is fixed on the bottom beam (2.1), and a plurality of installation grooves (2.3) are provided along the length direction on the support plate (2.2). The first cushion plates (8) are correspondingly placed in the installation grooves (2.3) and arranged at intervals.

10. A method for transporting and hoisting a monopile by using the monopile sliding and turning hoisting device according to claim 9 includes the following steps: Step 1: The crane ship (1) sails to the wharf, fixes the monopile with a special lifting tool, and the lifting equipment slowly lifts the monopile (3) until it is completely off the ground; then moves the monopile (3) to a predetermined position of the crane ship (1); the monopile (3) is placed at the predetermined position of the crane ship (1), and a support structure (14) is used to support and fix the monopile (3). The support structure (14) is located on the left and right outer sides of the passage and is arranged at intervals along the length direction. Step 2: During transportation, the states of the crane ship (1) and the monopile are monitored in real time; after the crane ship (1) arrives at the sea area near the wind farm, it is accurately positioned according to the construction plan. Step 3: When it is necessary to transfer the monopile (3) from the crane ship (1) to a designated machine point, before hoisting, slide the U-shaped clamp assembly (11) to one end of the monopile (3) and make the limit groove (13) engage with the wall plate of the monopile (3); then, tighten the axial lifting lug (4) with the hook (6) of the crane through a wire rope loop (5); as the hook (6) is slowly lifted, the U-shaped clamp assembly (11) and the base (9) gradually slide towards the crane side; at the same time, the monopile (3) starts to rotate with the U-shaped clamp assembly (11) at the position of the U-shaped clamp assembly (11) and gradually assumes an upright state. Step 4: When the single pile (3) is completely erected and the lifting hook (6) continues to be lifted, the bottom of the single pile (3) disengages from the limit groove (13) of the U-shaped clamp assembly (11). At this time, the entire single pile (3) is in a suspended state, and the crane performs a slewing operation to quickly hoist the single pile (3) to the designated machine position point.

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