Tunnel weak surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tunnel weak surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment, comprising: detection trolley, detection trolley is adapted to be moved along the axial direction of tunnel, and pull wire sensor is provided on detection trolley;Driving trolley, driving trolley is adapted to be moved along the circumferential direction of tunnel, and gripping mechanism is provided on driving trolley, and driving trolley is provided with several along the axial direction of tunnel.Detection trolley walks along tunnel, reaches detection position, and the gripping mechanism on corresponding driving trolley can be grabbed to the pull rope end of pull wire sensor, then driving trolley walks along the circumferential direction of tunnel, so that pull rope is gradually stretched.By driving trolley moving position, the calculation of the extension length of pull rope can obtain the deformation condition of tunnel.Compared with prior art, the detection trolley of the present application is not easy to affect tunnel operation vehicle, personnel normal passage when walking, and pull wire sensor has the advantage of anti-environmental interference.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock monitoring, in particular to a tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tunnel is a buried engineering building in the stratum, which is a form of human utilization of underground space. Due to the location of the tunnel, the earth pressure or the change of the earth's crust can cause the deformation of the tunnel. In the later stage of the tunnel engineering, the deformation of the completed tunnel needs to be monitored, and the deformation parameters in the tunnel are obtained by comparing the design size of the tunnel with the actual survey size.

[0003] At present, a tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment with the publication number CN218496042U is disclosed, which comprises a base and a monitoring assembly arranged on the base. The monitoring assembly is specifically a laser scanner, which realizes detection by scanning the tunnel face through the laser scanner. However, the laser is easily disturbed by the environment, causing inaccurate detection.

[0004] There is also a mechanical form of tunnel deformation monitoring scheme in the prior art, which mainly arranges an extension rod on a walkable base, and abuts the extension end of the extension rod on the track of the tunnel inner wall. When the base walks along the tunnel, the extension rod will appear extension due to the synchronous deformation of the track caused by the deformation of the tunnel, and the deformation of the tunnel is obtained by conversion of the extension amount. For example, tracks for sliding of the extension rod can be arranged on the top and both sides of the tunnel, and the extension amount of the three extension rods can obtain the deformation conditions such as arch crown settlement and clearance convergence of the tunnel. However, the deformation monitoring of the tunnel can be obtained by detecting the monitoring section at a certain interval, and the arrangement of the base and the extension rod will affect the normal passage of the vehicles and personnel in the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment comprises a detection trolley, the detection trolley is adapted to move along the axial direction of the tunnel, and a pull wire sensor is arranged on the detection trolley; a driving trolley, the driving trolley is adapted to move along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a grabbing mechanism is arranged on the driving trolley, and a plurality of driving trolleys are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel; wherein the detection trolley can move to opposite to different driving trolleys, the grabbing mechanism is adapted to grab the end of the pull rope of the pull wire sensor, and then the driving trolley moves along the circumferential direction and pulls the pull rope to change the extension length.

[0008] Preferably, the detection trolley is arranged at the side of the tunnel.

[0009] Preferably, the initial distance is set between the grabbing mechanism and the end of the pull rope of the pull rope sensor, and the end of the pull rope of the pull rope sensor is out of the grabbing range of the grabbing mechanism at the initial distance.

[0010] Preferably, the pull rope sensor is rotatably arranged on the detection trolley, and a driving mechanism for driving the pull rope sensor to rotate is further arranged on the detection trolley, and the driving mechanism is adapted to drive the pull rope sensor to rotate with the movement of the driving trolley, so that the angle between the pull rope and the pull rope sensor is relatively constant.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, and the motor and the driving end of the driving trolley are electrically connected through a controller.

[0012] Preferably, the grabbing mechanism comprises a pneumatic clamp jaw or an electric clamp jaw.

[0013] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving rod arranged on the detection trolley in a transverse elastic manner, a gear is arranged on the rotating shaft of the pull rope sensor, a toothed structure is arranged on the side wall of the driving rod, and the toothed structure is engaged with the gear; a winding rod is further arranged beside the detection trolley in the tunnel, the cable of the driving trolley is wound on the winding rod and forms a wire coil, and a torsional spring is connected to the winding rod; a driving spring is connected to the driving rod, and the driving spring is used to push the driving rod against the outer wall of the wire coil.

[0014] Preferably, the grabbing mechanism comprises a hook, and the end of the pull rope is provided with a lifting ring, and the hook can be buckled into the lifting ring when the driving trolley moves in the circumferential direction.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the cable of the driving trolley is not constant.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] 1. The detection trolley walks along the tunnel, and after reaching the detection position, the grabbing mechanism on the corresponding driving trolley can grab the end of the pull rope of the pull rope sensor, and then the driving trolley walks along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, so that the pull rope is gradually stretched. The deformation of the tunnel can be obtained by calculating the moving position of the driving trolley and the extension length of the pull rope. Compared with the prior art, the detection trolley of the present application is not easy to affect the normal passage of the working vehicles and personnel in the tunnel, and the pull rope sensor has the advantage of resisting environmental interference.

[0018] 2. By setting the initial distance between the grabbing mechanism and the pull wire sensor, the application can determine that the tunnel has not deformed significantly and does not need to be monitored, thereby improving the efficiency of tunnel deformation monitoring operations.

[0019] 3. The pull wire sensor is rotatably fitted on the detection trolley, and the pull wire sensor can rotate with the movement of the driving trolley through the driving mechanism, so that the relative angle between the pull rope and the pull wire sensor is not easily changed, and the pull rope and the pull wire sensor are not easily interfered or worn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Structure schematic view of an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 Structure schematic view of another state of an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 A part of Figure 2 enlarged view;

[0023] Figure 4 Structure schematic view of the winding rod.

[0024] Reference signs: 1, detection trolley; 2, pull wire sensor; 3, driving trolley; 4, grabbing mechanism; 5, pull rope; 6, driving mechanism; 8, driving rod; 9, gear; 10, toothed structure; 11, winding rod; 12, wire reel; 13, driving spring; 14, hook; 15, lifting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the application.

[0026] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, a tunnel soft and weak surrounding rock large deformation monitoring device, including along the axial direction of the tunnel can walk detection trolley 1, and along the axial direction interval set in the tunnel a plurality of driving trolley 3. Among them, the detection trolley 1 is provided with pull wire sensor 2, driving trolley 3 is adapted to be able to move along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and driving trolley 3 is also provided with grabbing mechanism 4.

[0027] The detection trolley 1 can move to a position opposite any of the drive trolleys 3, and then the gripping mechanism 4 on the drive trolley 3 can grip the pull rope 5 on the pull-wire sensor 2. The movement of the drive trolley 3 will pull the pull rope 5 to gradually extend from the pull-wire sensor 2. For example, after the drive trolley 3 has traveled a preset distance, if the tunnel has not deformed, the length of the pull rope 5 should remain unchanged or show no significant change; conversely, the change in the length of the pull rope 5 can reflect the deformation of the tunnel.

[0028] In one possible approach, the overall tunnel profile can be calculated by combining the travel distance of the drive trolley 3 and the length of the pull rope 5. Comparing this profile with the designed tunnel profile will reveal the deformation. For example, height sensors, displacement sensors, and other detection elements (not shown) can be installed on the drive trolley 3 to further refine the monitoring results.

[0029] The pull-wire sensor 2 is existing technology, and its specific working principle and how to obtain the length information of the pull rope 5 will not be described in detail. The movement of the detection trolley 1 and the drive trolley 3 can be guided by tracks set on the tunnel wall. For example, the track used to guide the movement of the detection trolley 1 can be laid along the axial direction of the tunnel, while the track used to guide the movement of the drive trolley 3 can be laid on the arched surface of the tunnel.

[0030] The movement of the two trolleys can be achieved, for example, through a drive wheel mechanism powered by a battery. This is particularly relevant for detection trolley 1, which needs to travel along the tunnel's axis, making it impractical to connect excessively long cables. In some implementations, charging points can be spaced out within the tunnel to charge the battery. Of course, as will be mentioned below, the movement of trolley 3 can also be powered by a cable. For example, providing power to both trolleys via a pantograph is also a possible embodiment of this invention.

[0031] In a specific example, the track used to guide the movement of the inspection trolley 1 can be laid on the side of the tunnel. This makes it less likely for the inspection trolley 1 to occupy the tunnel's driving surface, and the electrical components driving the trolley 3 can also be located on the side of the tunnel. This achieves the same effect of avoiding obstruction, and also makes the connection between the driving trolley 3 and the inspection trolley 1 more convenient. In a less desirable example, the track for guiding the movement of the inspection trolley 1 can also be erected in the middle of the tunnel, while the tunnel space on both sides of the track is used for tunnel workers to walk or for small and medium-sized work vehicles to pass through.

[0032] In some embodiments, the pull-wire sensor 2 is preferably designed to be rotatably mounted on the detection carriage 1. The detection carriage 1 is also equipped with a drive mechanism 6 for rotating the pull-wire sensor 2. Under the action of the drive mechanism 6, the present invention can have the following usage process:

[0033] S1. The detection trolley 1 moves to below the drive trolley 3, and the gripping mechanism 4 grips the end of the pull rope 5:

[0034] S2. The drive trolley 3 fits against the inner wall of the tunnel and moves circumferentially. As the distance between the drive trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 increases, the pull rope 5 is gradually pulled out. At the same time, the drive mechanism 6 drives the pull wire sensor 2 to rotate. This rotation will make it less likely for the pull rope 5 and the pull wire sensor 2 to deflect at an angle.

[0035] S3. The drive trolley 3 returns, and the pull rope 5 automatically resets under the action of the torsion spring inside the pull wire sensor 2. The drive mechanism 6 drives the pull wire sensor 2 to rotate in the opposite direction. During the return journey, the present invention can realize secondary detection of the tunnel section, for example, by comparing it with the detection results of the outward journey or taking the intermediate value to improve the detection accuracy.

[0036] It is conceivable that if the pull-wire sensor 2 does not rotate during the above-described operation, as the drive trolley 3 shifts laterally relative to the moving trolley, the pull rope 5 will gradually tilt relative to the pull-wire sensor 2. This will cause friction and interference between the pull rope 5 and the outlet, ultimately affecting the monitoring accuracy. By rotating the pull-wire sensor 2, the pull rope 5 is less likely to deflect relative to it, allowing the pull-wire sensor 2 to achieve better detection accuracy.

[0037] For example, the drive mechanism 6 may include a motor (not shown), and the motor is electrically connected to the drive end of the drive trolley 3 (e.g., the power system of the drive wheel of the drive trolley 3) via a controller. When the drive trolley 3 moves, the controller can receive parameters such as the moving distance and moving speed of the drive trolley 3, and thereby control the motor to drive the pull wire sensor 2 to rotate accordingly to ensure that the pull rope 5 and the pull wire sensor 2 do not easily interfere with each other.

[0038] In some embodiments, the gripping mechanism 4 may preferably be a pneumatic gripper or an electric gripper (not shown). The detection trolley 1 can move the pull-wire sensor 2 to be opposite the gripping mechanism 4, and then the gripping mechanism 4 is braked, for example, by controlling the gripper to extend a preset distance and clamp to achieve gripping of the pull-wire 5. For example, the end of the gripping wire may also be provided with an annular groove or a similar ring structure to facilitate gripping by the gripper.

[0039] This invention also creatively proposes an initial gap between the end of the pull rope 5 of the adaptive gripping mechanism 4 and the pull rope sensor 2. For example, when the gripper extends a preset distance, under this initial gap setting, the gripper will not be able to grip the end of the pull rope. In this case, it can be determined that the tunnel has not deformed or the degree of deformation is small, so there is no need to detect the tunnel cross section, and the moving trolley can go to the next driving trolley 3 to repeat the above actions.

[0040] When the tunnel deforms to a certain extent, especially for tunnels, the arch and arch foot are relatively weak structures in a typical cross-section. Under external pressure, structural deformation often occurs first in these two areas, and the deformation of the tunnel is generally radially inward. Therefore, after the gripper extends the same preset distance, the gripper will clamp the end of the pull rope 5, at which point the present invention can perform the specific detection process described above in S1-S3.

[0041] For example, the gripping mechanism 4 may also include a hook 14, and the end of the pull rope 5 is provided with a lifting ring 15. When the drive trolley 3 moves circumferentially, under the above-mentioned initial spacing setting, the hook 14 will not get stuck in the lifting ring 15; however, after the tunnel deforms, the movement of the drive trolley 3 can drive the hook 14 to get stuck in the lifting ring 15, thereby realizing the gripping of the pull rope 5 and the judgment of the section that needs to be detected.

[0042] In other embodiments, the drive mechanism 6 may further include a drive rod 8 that is laterally spring-loaded on the detection trolley 1, and a gear 9 is also provided on the rotating shaft of the pull-wire sensor 2, while the drive rod 8 is also provided with a toothed structure 10 that meshes with the gear 9. In addition, a winding rod 11 is also provided on the side of the detection trolley 1 inside the tunnel. For example, a mounting box is provided at the bottom of the track used to guide the movement of the drive trolley 3. The mounting box is axially extended from the tunnel, and the winding rod 11 is rotatably supported in the mounting box.

[0043] The cable of the drive trolley 3, corresponding to the winding rod 11, can be wound onto the winding rod 11, and the cable is formed into a reel 12 through this winding. Furthermore, a torsion spring is connected to the winding rod 11 to achieve automatic winding of the cable during the return trip of the drive trolley 3. A drive spring 13 is also connected to the aforementioned drive rod 8, and under the elastic force of the drive spring 13, the drive rod 8 can abut against the outer wall of the reel 12. The present invention can also have the following usage process:

[0044] The detection trolley 1 moves along the tunnel axis, during which the drive rod 8 abuts against the outer wall of the mounting box, and the drive spring 13 is in a compressed state. When the detection trolley 1 enters the detection position, the drive rod 8 abuts against the outer wall of the aforementioned coil 12, and the drive trolley 3 moves to pull the pull rope 5 out for detection. As the moving distance increases, the cable will be extended from the winding rod 11, the diameter of the coil 12 gradually decreases, and the drive rod 8 is pushed out under the action of elasticity, thereby driving the pull cable sensor 2 to rotate so that the cable is not easily worn.

[0045] When the trolley 3 returns, the winding rod 11 reverses under the action of the torsion spring, causing the cable to be rewound, which in turn pushes the drive rod 8 to retract, thereby driving the cable sensor 2 to rotate in the opposite direction so that the cable is less likely to be worn.

[0046] It can be understood that the aforementioned mounting box is not essential. Alternatively, a limiting device for the drive rod 8 can be installed on the detection trolley 1. Before the detection trolley 1 enters the detection position, the limiting device keeps the drive rod 8 in the retracted state; when the drive rod 8 is opposite the coil 12, the limiting device releases the drive rod 8. For example, the limiting device can be an electromagnet. Alternatively, the winding rod 11 can be adapted to extend along the tunnel axially, and multiple rotatable parts (not shown) can be provided on the winding rod 11. Each rotatable part has a recess (not shown), and the cable is wound into the recess. In particular, the diameter of the coil 12 matches the overall diameter of the winding rod 11, and the drive rod 8 can slide along the outer wall of the winding rod 11.

[0047] In practice, there are requirements for the rotation speed of the pull-wire sensor 2. In the aforementioned embodiments, the rotation of the pull-wire sensor 2 depends on the calculation and control of the controller. However, in this embodiment, the requirement is met by using the cooperation between the coil 12 and the drive rod 8 to drive the pull-wire sensor 2.

[0048] First, when the driving trolley 3 moves from left to right, the distance between the driving trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 is initially small, and the extension length of the cable is short. At this time, a small rotation angle of the cable sensor 2 is sufficient to ensure that there is no significant sway between the cable and the driving trolley 3 after the driving trolley 3 moves per unit time. However, as the distance between the driving trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 gradually increases, and the extension length of the cable increases, the cable sensor 2 needs to rotate a larger angle to ensure that there is no significant sway between the cable and the driving trolley 3 after the driving trolley 3 moves per unit time. For example, the driving trolley 3, the circumferential rotation axis of the driving trolley 3, and the rotation axis of the cable rotator can be connected to form a triangle, and the above analysis process can be obtained by calculating trigonometric functions.

[0049] Secondly, in this embodiment, when the reel 12 is pulled out, the diameter of the reel 12 continuously decreases; at this time, the drive trolley 3 continues to move per unit time, the number of turns of the cable pulled out on the reel 12 will increase, the push-out distance of the drive rod 8 will increase, thereby causing the cable pull sensor 2 to rotate more significantly.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, in a more preferred example, the cable thickness of the drive trolley 3 can be adapted to be non-constant, i.e., the cable thickness is set to vary along the length of the cable. This makes the diameter change of the reel 12 controllable as each turn of cable is extended or retracted, thereby controlling the expected ejection stroke of the drive rod 8 and enabling the cable pull sensor 2 to achieve more precise expected rotation. For example, the cable shell can be manufactured with different thicknesses during extrusion molding. Alternatively, this can be achieved by bonding rubber blocks of different thicknesses to the surface of the cable.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring device, characterized by: The utility model relates to a kind of tunnel cable detection device, including: Detection trolley (1), the detection trolley (1) is adapted as can move along the axis of tunnel, and pull wire sensor (2) is provided on the detection trolley (1); Driving trolley (3), the driving trolley (3) is adapted as can move along the circumference of tunnel, and grabbing mechanism (4) is provided on the driving trolley (3), and the driving trolley (3) is provided with several along the axis of tunnel; Wherein, the detection trolley (1) can be moved to opposite with different driving trolley (3), the grabbing mechanism (4) is adapted as can grab the end of pull rope (5) of pull wire sensor (2), then the driving trolley (3) moves along circumference and pulls pull rope (5) and changes the length of extension; The detection trolley (1) is arranged at the side of tunnel.

2. The tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grabbing mechanism (4) and the end of pull rope (5) of pull wire sensor (2) are adapted to have initial spacing, under initial spacing, the end of pull rope (5) of pull wire sensor (2) is outside the grabbing range of grabbing mechanism (4).

3. The tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pull wire sensor (2) is rotatably arranged on the detection trolley (1), and driving mechanism (6) for driving pull wire sensor (2) to rotate is further provided on the detection trolley (1), and the driving mechanism (6) is adapted to drive pull wire sensor (2) to rotate with the movement of driving trolley (3), so that the angle between pull rope (5) and pull wire sensor (2) is relatively constant.

4. The tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) includes motor, and the motor is electrically connected between the driving end of the driving trolley (3) by controller.

5. The device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The grabbing mechanism (4) includes pneumatic gripper or electric gripper.

6. The tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) includes driving rod (8) which is arranged on the detection trolley (1) in transverse springing manner, gear (9) is arranged on the rotating shaft of pull wire sensor (2), and toothed structure (10) is arranged on the side wall of driving rod (8), and the toothed structure (10) is engaged with the gear (9); Rolling rod (11) is further arranged beside the detection trolley (1) in the tunnel, and the cable of driving trolley (3) is wound on the rolling rod (11) and forms wire reel (12), and torsional spring is connected to the rolling rod (11); Driving spring (13) is connected to the driving rod (8), and the driving spring (13) is used to push the driving rod (8) to abut against the outer wall of wire reel (12).

7. The equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grabbing mechanism (4) includes hook (14), and the end of pull rope (5) is provided with lifting ring (15), when the driving trolley (3) moves along the circumference, the hook (14) can be buckled into the lifting ring (15).

8. The tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the cable of the driving trolley (3) is not constant.

Images