Quasi-static load loading device taking condensed explosive as explosion source

Abstract

According to the quasi-static load loading device with the condensed explosive as the explosion source, the condensed explosive is adopted as the explosion source, the structural design of the perforated plate is combined, the shock wave load generated by explosion of the condensed explosive is converted into the quasi-static load, the load characteristic of combustible gas explosion is effectively simulated, and the explosive explosion efficiency is improved. Solid explosives can be used for simulating a load action form of gas explosion, so that the difficulty of a gas explosion experiment is remarkably reduced; the device provides an experiment detection platform for the structural damage effect under the gas explosion load effect, obviously improves the explosion overpressure on the basis of ensuring quasi-static loading, and solves the problems that the explosion overpressure is too small and the structure cannot be damaged in the original gas explosion experiment. Meanwhile, the homogeneous fine sand layer can be used for absorbing shock wave loads transmitted from holes in the perforated plate, the quasi-static load loading effect of the lower portion of the perforated plate is guaranteed, the pressure sensor can be protected, and an efficient and reliable experiment means is provided for explosion disaster protection research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety engineering protection experiments, and particularly relates to a quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source. Background Art

[0002] Common explosion disasters in life can be divided into three categories according to the types of explosion sources: condensed explosive explosion, combustible gas (dust) explosion, and nuclear explosion. The load characteristics and loading processes generated by different types of explosion sources are very different. Truly simulating the loading characteristics and load action laws of different explosion sources is of great significance for the protection and research of explosion disasters.

[0003] Existing research has found that condensed explosives have a high energy density, and their explosion load is a shock wave load, which can reach the detonation state within the microsecond level. Combustible gases have a low energy density, and their explosions are mostly deflagration processes, with a pressure rise time of up to hundreds of milliseconds, and the generated load form is a quasi-static load. In existing explosion experimental studies, most experiments use condensed explosives, mainly because condensed explosives are solid explosives, which are simple to operate and convenient for experiments. Combustible gases, due to their flammable, explosive, difficult to store, high-risk and other characteristics, have added great difficulties to experimental research. Based on this, using a condensed explosive with simple operation as the explosion source to simulate the quasi-static pressure generated by gas explosion will provide great convenience for the research and prevention of combustible gas explosion disasters.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing technical problem is that due to its own physical properties, it is difficult to simulate and reproduce the quasi-static load generated by the explosion of combustible gases. The explosion experiment of condensed explosives is simple to operate, but the shock wave load generated by it is very different from the quasi-static load. Using a condensed explosive as the explosion source to convert the generated shock wave load into a quasi-static load to simulate and reproduce the gas explosion load will significantly reduce the difficulty of gas explosion experiments and improve the experimental efficiency and experimental safety. Based on this, there is an urgent need for a safe and efficient experimental device to simulate and reproduce the typical loading characteristics of different explosion sources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source, simulate the load characteristics of combustible gas explosion, and provide an experimental detection platform for the structural damage effect under the action of gas explosion load.

[0006] The present invention provides a quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source, including an explosion tank and a component to be detected. At the top position inside the explosion tank, a condensed explosive is suspended, and at the bottom of the explosion tank, a homogeneous fine sand layer is laid. Pressure sensors are buried at intervals along the radial direction of the explosion tank within the homogeneous fine sand layer. The component to be detected is placed on the top of the homogeneous fine sand layer, and a perforated plate is installed inside the explosion tank between the component to be detected and the condensed explosive.

[0007] Further, a number of holes are densely distributed on the perforated plate.

[0008] Further, the distance between the condensed explosive and the perforated plate is greater than 0.5 meters.

[0009] Further, a supporting ring is provided on the inner wall of the explosion tank, and the perforated plate is installed inside the explosion tank through the supporting ring.

[0010] Further, installation openings are symmetrically arranged at the top position on the side surface of the explosion tank. An installation rod is installed between the two installation openings, and the condensed explosive is bundled on the installation rod. A cover is installed at each installation opening through a flange, and an extraction hole for extracting the explosive lead wire is provided on the cover.

[0011] Further, the explosion tank successively includes a bottom tank body, a top tank body, and a top cover from bottom to top. The bottom tank body and the top tank body, as well as the top tank body and the top cover, are connected by bolts.

[0012] Further, a sealing cushion layer is provided between the bottom tank body and the top tank body, as well as between the top tank body and the top cover.

[0013] Further, the perforated plate divides the interior of the explosion tank into upper and lower parts. The upper part is the explosion load conversion area, and the lower part is the quasi-static load loading area.

[0014] Further, the pressure sensors are buried at the top of the homogeneous fine sand layer, and the top surface of the pressure sensors is flush with the top surface of the homogeneous fine sand layer.

[0015] Further, a base is provided at the bottom end of the explosion tank, and a shock-absorbing cushion layer is arranged between the base and the ground.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: By using condensed explosive as the explosion source and combining the structural design of the perforated plate, this device successfully converts the shock wave load generated by the explosion of condensed explosive into a quasi-static load, realizing the conversion of the load form, effectively simulating the load characteristics of combustible gas explosion, and being able to simulate the load action form of gas explosion with solid explosive, significantly reducing the difficulty of gas explosion experiments, and solving the problems of complex storage, operation and high danger of combustible gas in traditional gas explosion experiments; This device provides an experimental detection platform for the structural damage effect under the action of gas explosion load, significantly increasing the explosion overpressure on the basis of ensuring quasi-static loading, and solving the problem that the explosion overpressure in the original gas explosion experiment is too small to damage the structure. At the same time, the homogeneous fine sand layer can not only be used to absorb the shock wave load transmitted through the holes on the perforated plate to ensure the quasi-static load loading effect under the perforated plate, but also protect the pressure sensor. This device provides an efficient and reliable experimental means for the research on explosion disaster prevention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a top view of the present invention after removing the top cover.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - explosion tank, 2 - shock-absorbing cushion layer, 3 - base, 4 - homogeneous fine sand layer, 5 - pressure sensor, 6 - airtight cushion layer, 7 - bolt, 8 - sealing cover, 9 - top cover, 10 - hook, 11 - perforated plate, 12 - mounting rod, 13 - condensed explosive, 14 - component to be detected. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in combination with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides a quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source, which includes an explosion tank 1 and a component to be detected 14. At the top position inside the explosion tank 1, a condensed explosive 13 is suspended. At the bottom of the explosion tank 1, a homogeneous fine sand layer 4 is laid. The thickness of the homogeneous fine sand layer 4 is laid according to experimental requirements to absorb the shock wave load transmitted through the holes on the perforated plate 11 and ensure the quasi-static load loading effect below the perforated plate 11. At the top position of the homogeneous fine sand layer 4, pressure sensors 5 are buried at intervals along the radial direction of the explosion tank 1. The component to be detected 14 is horizontally placed on the top of the homogeneous fine sand layer 4 to detect its failure condition under the action of quasi-static load. Inside the explosion tank 1, a perforated plate 11 is installed between the component to be detected 14 and the condensed explosive 13. The perforated plate 11 is densely provided with a number of holes, and the diameter of the holes is less than one centimeter. The installation method of the perforated plate 11 is as follows: there is a supporting ring on the inner wall of the explosion tank 1, and the perforated plate 11 is supported inside the explosion tank 1 through the supporting ring.

[0026] The porous plate 11 divides the interior of the explosion tank 1 into upper and lower parts. The upper part is the explosion load conversion area, and the lower part is the quasi-static load loading area. The condensed explosive 13 explodes in the upper part of the explosion tank 1, and the generated shock wave load is reflected when encountering the porous plate 11 and the inner wall of the explosion tank 1, and the shock wave load evolves into a quasi-static load; the pressure load in the upper part of the explosion tank 1 is transmitted to the lower area of the explosion tank 1 through the small holes densely distributed on the porous plate 11, generating a quasi-static loading effect on the components in the quasi-static load loading area.

[0027] When the pressure sensor 5 is buried, its top surface is flush with the top surface of the homogeneous fine sand layer 4. The homogeneous fine sand layer 4 will absorb and reflect the explosion shock wave transmitted through the holes on the porous plate 11, and at the same time will also protect the pressure sensor 5.

[0028] The explosion tank 1 successively includes a bottom tank body, a top tank body and a top cover 9 from bottom to top. Both between the bottom tank body and the top tank body and between the top tank body and the top cover 9 are connected by bolts 7, and sealing gaskets 6 are provided between the bottom tank body and the top tank body and between the top tank body and the top cover 9 to ensure that no pressure leaks occur in the explosion tank 1 during the explosion process and improve the experimental safety. A hook 10 is welded at the center above the top cover 9 for convenient hoisting and moving. After each experiment, the top cover 9 and the porous plate 11 need to be lifted to replace the test component 14 located at the bottom of the explosion tank 1.

[0029] Installation openings are symmetrically arranged at the top end position on the side of the explosion tank 1. An installation rod 12 is erected between the two installation openings. The condensed explosive 13 is bundled on the installation rod 12. The distance between the condensed explosive 13 and the porous plate 11 is greater than 0.5 meters. A cover 8 is installed at each installation opening through a flange. An outlet hole for leading out the explosive lead wire is provided on the cover 8.

[0030] The bottom of the explosion tank 1 is a sealing plane, and a base 3 is provided at the bottom end of the explosion tank 1 to ensure the stability of the explosion tank 1. A shock-absorbing cushion 2 is provided between the base 3 and the ground to reduce the vibration of the metal explosion tank 1 during the experiment and at the same time reduce the damage to the ground.

[0031] The explosion tank 1 is made of high-strength metal and can resist a maximum explosion overpressure of 1.2 MPa.

[0032] The operation steps of the cavity-type gas explosion experimental device in this scheme are as follows:

[0033] Step 1: Remove the bolt 7 between the top tank body and the top cover 9 in the explosion tank 1 and lift the top cover 9 off the explosion tank 1.

[0034] Step 2: Lay a homogeneous fine sand layer 4 at the bottom of the lower cavity of the explosion tank 1, bury the pressure sensor 5 in it, and the surface of the pressure sensor 5 is flush with the sand layer surface. The test component to be tested can be horizontally placed on the sand layer according to actual needs.

[0035] Step 3: Pass the cable through the holes in the perforated plate 11 and tie a knot to form a hook 10. Use a gantry crane to lift the perforated plate 11 onto the supporting ring inside the explosion tank 1.

[0036] Step 4: Tie the condensed explosive 13 to the mounting rod 12. Insert the mounting rod 12 into the explosion tank 1 through the mounting opening on the explosion tank 1, so as to suspend the condensed explosive 13 inside the explosion tank 1.

[0037] Step 5: Install the cover 8 at the mounting opening of the explosion tank 1, and lead out the lead wire of the condensed explosive 13 through the lead-out hole on the cover 8.

[0038] Step 6: Use a gantry crane to lift the top cover 9 onto the explosion tank 1, and fix the bolts 7 using the bolt 7 holes arranged around.

[0039] Step 7: Check the overall airtightness of the experimental device. After ensuring that the experimental device is airtight, the personnel leave the site and detonate the condensed explosive 13.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source, characterized in that It includes an explosion tank and a component to be detected. At the top position inside the explosion tank, a condensed explosive is suspended. At the bottom inside the explosion tank, a homogeneous fine sand layer is laid. Pressure sensors are buried at intervals along the radial direction of the explosion tank within the homogeneous fine sand layer. The component to be detected is placed on the top of the homogeneous fine sand layer. A perforated plate is erected between the component to be detected and the condensed explosive inside the explosion tank.

2. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, A number of holes are densely distributed on the perforated plate.

3. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the condensed explosive and the perforated plate is greater than 0.5 meters.

4. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, A supporting ring is provided on the inner wall of the explosion tank, and the perforated plate is erected inside the explosion tank through the supporting ring.

5. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, Installation openings are symmetrically provided at the top position on the side of the explosion tank. An installation rod is erected between the two installation openings. The condensed explosive is tied to the installation rod. A cover is installed at each installation opening through a flange, and a lead-out hole for leading out the explosive lead is provided on the cover.

6. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion tank successively includes a bottom tank body, a top tank body, and a top cover from bottom to top. The bottom tank body and the top tank body, as well as the top tank body and the top cover, are all connected by bolts.

7. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sealing cushion layer is provided between the bottom tank body and the top tank body, as well as between the top tank body and the top cover.

8. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated plate divides the interior of the explosion tank into upper and lower parts. The upper part is an explosion load conversion area, and the lower part is a quasi-static load loading area.

9. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensors are buried at the top of the homogeneous fine sand layer, and the top surface of the pressure sensors is flush with the top surface of the homogeneous fine sand layer.

10. The quasi-static load loading device with a condensed explosive as the explosion source according to claim 1, characterized in that, A base is provided at the bottom of the explosion tank, and a shock-absorbing cushion layer is provided between the base and the ground.

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