An endoscopic PIV testing device and method for the flow field inside a turbomachinery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of PIV flow field testing devices, specifically to an endoscopic PIV testing device and method for the flow field inside an impeller machine, comprising: an impeller machine, a testing component, and a connecting component. The testing component comprises a lighting mechanism and a camera mechanism, a laser mounting tube arranged on an air intake pipe, a mounting base arranged on the laser mounting tube, and a camera mounting mechanism arranged on the air intake pipe. The connecting component comprises a plug-in mechanism arranged on the laser mounting tube and a connecting mechanism arranged on the camera mechanism. Through the arrangement of the mounting base and the camera mounting mechanism, a laser light source emitter and a camera can be quickly installed, and the device can adapt to various special-shaped shells such as a volute. Through the arrangement of a rotating tube, the angle of a light sheet emitted by the laser light source emitter can be quickly adjusted. Through the arrangement of the connecting mechanism and the plug-in mechanism, the light sheet emitted by the laser light source emitter can be quickly made perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera mechanism again.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of PIV flow field testing devices, and in particular to an endoscopic PIV testing device and method for the flow field within an impeller machine. Background Art

[0002] Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a non-contact flow measurement method based on optical imaging. It involves spreading micron-sized tracer particles (such as titanium dioxide or aluminum powder) in a flow field, illuminating the area to be measured with a pulsed laser sheet, and using a high-speed camera to record continuous exposure images of the particles over extremely short time intervals. By analyzing the particle displacements in the image using a cross-correlation algorithm or particle tracking method, combined with time intervals and optical calibration parameters, the velocity vector in the flow field can be calculated, and further physical quantities such as the vorticity field and pressure field can be derived.

[0003] Publication number CN113325195B provides an endoscopic PIV testing device for testing the axial velocity field of a water pump. The device features a test housing module and an endoscope system. The test housing module includes a pump impeller casing, a base, and a sealing mechanism, while the endoscope system includes a camera module and a light sheet module. Based on the opaque impeller casing of the water pump, the device welds a Φ38 base, drills a Φ10 through-hole, and assembles a sealing mechanism. The endoscope system is then inserted into the impeller casing and combined with a PIV test camera and light sheet to directly measure the pump's axial velocity field.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned endoscopic PIV test device for the axial flow velocity field test of the water pump is used, the laser emitting device and the camera are inserted through the horizontal base and the vertical base set on the shell module. It can only shoot the flow field inside the impeller at a single angle, which is inconvenient to quickly change the shooting angle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an endoscopic PIV testing device and method for the flow field inside an impeller machine to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, an endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field within a turbomachinery is provided, comprising:

[0008] An impeller machine, comprising a housing, an impeller disposed in the housing, an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe disposed on the housing, and an air extraction motor disposed on the housing and connected to the impeller;

[0009] A test assembly, the test assembly comprising a lighting mechanism and a camera mechanism, a laser mounting tube disposed on the air intake pipe, a mounting base disposed on the laser mounting tube, and a plurality of camera mounting mechanisms disposed on the air intake pipe, wherein the laser mounting tube is provided with a tracer particle inlet;

[0010] A connecting assembly, the connecting assembly includes a plug-in mechanism arranged on the laser mounting tube, a connecting mechanism arranged on the camera mechanism, the symmetry center plane of the mounting base and the symmetry center plane of the plug-in mechanism are perpendicular to each other, the laser mounting tube includes a fixed tube arranged on the air inlet pipe, an annular slide rail inserted on the fixed tube, and a rotating tube arranged on the annular slide rail, and the lighting mechanism includes a laser light source emitter and a fixed head arranged on the laser light source emitter.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting base includes a base tube inserted on the rotating tube, a positioning mounting tube arranged in the base tube, a through hole and a displacement groove and a slide groove provided on the positioning mounting tube, a pressing slider provided in the slide groove, a downward pressing groove provided on the pressing slider, a limiting groove provided on the displacement groove wall and surrounding the through hole, a limiting baffle provided on the pressing slider, an annular airbag provided on the displacement groove wall and located in the limiting baffle, a return spring provided between the pressing slider and the displacement groove wall, a movable locking tongue inserted in the positioning mounting tube, a guide pull rod provided on the movable locking tongue and inserted on the base tube, a locking spring provided at both ends on the inner wall of the base tube and the movable locking tongue respectively, and a bracket provided on the rotating tube.

[0012] Preferably, the laser light source emitter is arranged in the through hole, so that the fixed head cooperates with the lower pressure groove, pushing the pressing slider to move, so that the limit baffle cooperates with the limit groove, the annular airbag fits the laser light source emitter, and the movable lock tongue cooperates with the fixed head, and the fixed head is located between the lower pressure groove and the movable lock tongue.

[0013] Preferably, the camera mechanism includes a camera, a probe arranged on the camera, a plug ring arranged on the probe, a plug sheet arranged on the plug ring, a positioning hole opened on the plug sheet, and a rubber plug arranged on the plug ring, the front end diameter of the rubber plug is smaller than the rear end diameter, and the camera mounting mechanism includes an outer tube shell inserted on the air intake pipe, an inner tube shell arranged in the outer tube shell, a slot opened on the inner tube shell, a swivel arranged on the inner tube shell, and an insert rod arranged on the swivel.

[0014] Preferably, the rubber plug cooperates with the inner tube shell, and the insert cooperates with the slot, and the swivel is rotatably connected to the inner tube, so that the insert rod is set in the positioning hole.

[0015] Preferably, the plug-in mechanism includes a plug-in base block arranged on the rotating tube, a plug-in guide rail arranged on the plug-in base block, a door-shaped plug-in plate arranged on the plug-in guide rail, a connecting plate arranged on the door-shaped plug-in plate, and a connecting hole arranged on the connecting plate.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a positioning plate provided on the outer tube shell, a positioning groove provided on the positioning plate, a positioning guide rod inserted on the wall of the positioning groove, and a positioning spring sleeved on the positioning guide rod.

[0017] Preferably, the rotating tube is rotatably connected to the fixed tube, the connecting plate is arranged in the positioning groove, the positioning guide rod is arranged in the connecting hole, and the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera.

[0018] On the other hand, a testing method for an endoscopic PIV testing device for an internal flow field of a turbomachinery based on any one of the above items is also provided:

[0019] S1: placing the laser light source emitter on the bracket, inserting the laser light source emitter into the through hole, inserting the fixing head into the lower pressing groove, and pushing the pressing slider to move, inserting the limiting baffle into the limiting groove, and squeezing the annular airbag so that the annular airbag fits the laser light source emitter. When the limiting baffle contacts the bottom wall of the limiting groove, the movable lock tongue moves to abut against the fixing head under the push of the locking spring, thereby fixing the laser light source emitter;

[0020] S2: inserting the rubber plug into the inner tube shell and the inserting piece into the slot, so that the rubber plug plugs the inner tube shell, and then rotating the rotating ring to insert the inserting rod into the positioning hole to fix the probe;

[0021] S3: rotating the rotating tube so that the connecting plate is aligned with the positioning groove on the outer tube shell on which the probe is installed;

[0022] S4: After pulling the positioning guide rod, move the gate-shaped plug plate to insert the connecting plate into the positioning groove, and insert the positioning guide rod into the connecting hole, so that the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera;

[0023] S5: starting the exhaust motor, and the tracer particles are sucked into the housing from the tracer particle inlet, so that the tracer particles follow the air into the air inlet pipe and are discharged from the air outlet pipe, and the camera takes pictures;

[0024] S5: Stop the exhaust motor, rotate the rotating ring in the opposite direction, remove the probe, repeat S2, and insert the probe into another inner tube shell;

[0025] S6: Repeat S3-S5 to enable the camera to capture the internal flow field at another viewing angle.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention can quickly install a laser light source transmitter and a camera by arranging an installation base and a camera installation mechanism, and can adapt to various special-shaped housings such as a volute. By arranging a rotating tube, the angle of the light sheet emitted by the laser light source transmitter can be quickly adjusted, and by arranging a connecting mechanism and a plug-in mechanism, the light sheet emitted by the laser light source transmitter can be quickly made perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera mechanism again. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting base of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention after the base is installed and the base tube is hidden;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning and mounting tube and the pressing slider of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positioning and mounting tube of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the movable lock tongue of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the laser light source emitter and the pressing slider of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connection assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the outer tube shell of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the inner tube shell and the probe of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the probe and the swivel of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plug-in mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] Figure: 1, housing; 2, impeller; 3, air outlet pipe; 4, air inlet pipe; 5, exhaust motor; 6, tracer particle inlet; 7, fixed pipe; 8, annular slide rail; 9, rotating pipe; 10, laser light source emitter; 11, fixed head; 12, base pipe; 13, positioning mounting pipe; 14, through hole; 15, displacement groove; 16, slide groove; 17, pressing slider; 18, pressing groove; 19, limit groove; 20, limit baffle; 21, annular airbag; 22, return spring; 23, moving lock Tongue; 24. Guide rod; 25. Locking spring; 26. Bracket; 27. Camera; 28. Probe; 29. ​​Insert ring; 30. Insert piece; 31. Positioning hole; 32. Rubber plug; 33. Outer tube shell; 34. Inner tube shell; 35. Slot; 36. Swivel; 37. Insert rod; 38. Plug-in base block; 39. Plug-in guide rail; 40. Door-shaped insert plate; 41. Connecting plate; 42. Connecting hole; 43. Positioning plate; 44. Positioning slot; 45. Positioning guide rod; 46. Positioning spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 13 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0044] An endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside a turbomachinery, comprising:

[0045] Impeller machinery, impeller machinery can select various machines with impeller 2 such as vacuum compressor, the impeller machinery includes a shell 1, impeller 2, air outlet pipe 3, air inlet pipe 4 and air extraction motor 5, the impeller 2 is arranged in the shell 1, the impeller 2 is rotatably connected to the shell 1 by setting bearings and connecting shafts, the air outlet pipe 3 and the air inlet pipe 4 are arranged on the shell 1, the air outlet pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the shell 1 by welding, etc., the air inlet pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the shell 1 by welding, etc., the air extraction motor 5 is arranged on the shell 1 and connected to the impeller 2, the air extraction motor 5 is fixedly connected to the shell 1 by setting bolts, etc., and the air extraction motor 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft of the impeller 2 by setting a coupling, etc.

[0046] The test assembly includes a lighting mechanism and a camera mechanism, a laser mounting tube arranged on the air intake pipe 4, a mounting base arranged on the laser mounting tube, and a camera mounting mechanism arranged on the air intake pipe 4. A tracer particle inlet 6 is arranged on the laser mounting tube. The laser mounting tube includes a fixed tube 7, an annular slide rail 8 and a rotating tube 9. The fixed tube 7 is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe 4 by setting bolts or the like. The rotating tube 9 is set on the annular slide rail 8. The rotating tube 9 is rotatably connected to the fixed tube 7 by setting the annular slide rail 8. The tracer particle inlet 6 is set on the fixed tube 7. The tracer particle inlet 6 is fixedly connected to the fixed tube 7 by welding or the like. The tracer particle inlet 6 is connected to the external tracer particle storage cabin so that the gas mixed with the tracer particles enters the outer shell 1. The lighting mechanism includes a laser light source emitter 10 and a fixed head 11 arranged on the laser light source emitter 10. The fixed head 11 is fixedly connected to the laser light source emitter 10 by setting a threaded pin or gluing. The laser light source emitter 10 is used to emit a sheet light source.

[0047] The mounting base includes a base tube 12, a positioning mounting tube 13, a through hole 14, a displacement groove 15, a slide 16, a pressing slider 17, a downward pressure groove 18, a limiting groove 19, a limiting baffle 20, a return spring 22, a movable lock tongue 23, a guide pull rod 24, a locking spring 25 and a bracket 26. The base tube 12 is inserted into the rotating tube 9. The base tube 12 is fixedly connected to the rotating tube 9 by welding or the like. The axis of the base tube 12 is aligned with the impeller 2. The positioning mounting tube 13 is arranged in the base tube 12. The positioning mounting tube 13 is fixedly connected to the base tube 12 by welding or the like. The through hole 14, the displacement groove 15 and the slide 16 are opened on the positioning mounting tube 13. The pressing slider 17 is arranged in the slide 16. The pressing slider 17 is movably connected to the slide 16. 18 is opened on the pressing slider 17, and an empty groove corresponding to the through hole 14 is opened on the pressing slider 17. The limiting groove 19 is opened on the bottom wall of the displacement groove 15 and surrounds the through hole 14. The limiting groove 19 is annular, and the limiting baffle 20 is set on the pressing slider 17. The limiting baffle 20 is fixedly connected to the pressing slider 17 by welding or the like. The annular airbag 21 is set on the bottom wall of the displacement groove 15 and is surrounded by the limiting baffle 20. The limiting baffle 20 is used to prevent the annular airbag 21 from expanding in the direction of the reset spring 22 and interfering with the operation of the reset spring 22. The inner wall of the limiting baffle 20 is smooth and always surrounds the annular airbag 21. The annular airbag 21 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the displacement groove 15 by gluing or the like. The size of the annular airbag 21 can be adjusted according to the actual usage situation. The selection is reasonable under the actual situation, and the annular airbag 21 with an oversized size is avoided, so as to avoid excessive friction between the annular airbag 21 and the limit baffle 20. The return spring 22 is arranged between the pressing slider 17 and the wall of the displacement groove 15. One end of the return spring 22 is fixedly connected to the pressing slider 17 by welding or the like, and the other end of the return spring 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the displacement groove 15 by welding or the like. The movable lock tongue 23 is inserted in the positioning mounting tube 13, and the movable lock tongue 23 is movably connected to the side wall of the slide groove 16 of the positioning mounting tube 13. The guide pull rod 24 is arranged on the movable lock tongue 23 and inserted on the base tube 12. The guide pull rod 24 is fixedly connected to the movable lock tongue 23 by welding or the like. The guide pull rod 24 is movably connected to the base tube 12, and the locking spring 25 is locked. The ends are respectively arranged between the base tube 12 and the movable lock tongue 23, one end of the locking spring 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base tube 12 by welding or the like, and the other end of the locking spring 25 is fixedly connected to the movable lock tongue 23 by welding or the like, and the bracket 26 is arranged on the rotating tube 9, and the bracket 26 is fixedly connected to the rotating tube 9 by welding or the like. When the laser light source emitter 10 is placed on the bracket 26, the laser light source emitter 10 is inserted into the through hole 14, and the guide rod 24 is pulled to move the movable lock tongue 23 toward the positioning mounting tube 13, and the fixed head 11 is inserted into the lower pressing groove 18, and the pressing slider 17 is pushed to move, so that the limit baffle 20 is inserted into the limit groove 19, and the pressing slider 17 squeezes the annular airbag 21, so that the annular airbag 21 is deformed.The annular airbag 21 is placed against the laser light source emitter 10. When the stopper plate 20 contacts the bottom wall of the stopper groove 19, the movable locking tongue 23, pushed by the locking spring 25, moves to abut against the fixing head 11, securing the laser light source emitter 10. The guide rod 24 is pulled, and the return spring 22 pushes the pressing slider 17 back to its original position, releasing the laser light source emitter 10.

[0048] The camera mechanism includes a camera 27, a probe 28, a plug ring 29, a plug 30, a positioning hole 31 and a rubber plug 32. The probe 28 is in the shape of a rope and is connected to the camera 27 through an interface. A suitable camera 27 and probe 28 can be selected according to actual conditions to meet functions such as focusing and autofocus. The plug ring 29 is set on the probe 28. The plug ring 29 is fixedly connected to the probe 28 by gluing or setting a threaded pin. The position of the plug ring 29 on the probe 28 is controlled to control the position of the probe 28 in the inner tube shell 34. Insertion depth, and thereby control the distance between the probe 28 and the light source. Similarly, by adjusting the position of the fixed head 11 on the laser light source emitter 10, the insertion depth of the laser light source emitter 10 is controlled. The insert 30 is set on the insert ring 29, and the insert 30 is fixedly connected to the insert ring 29 by means of one-piece molding, etc. The positioning hole 31 is opened on the insert 30, and the rubber plug 32 is set on the insert ring 29. The rubber plug 32 is fixedly connected to the insert ring 29 by means of gluing, etc. The front end diameter of the rubber plug 32 is smaller than the rear end diameter.

[0049] The camera mounting mechanism includes an outer tube shell 33, an inner tube shell 34, a slot 35, a swivel 36 and an insertion rod 37. The outer tube shell 33 is inserted into the air intake pipe 4 and is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe 4 by welding or other means. The inner tube shell 34 is arranged in the outer tube shell 33 and is fixedly connected to the outer tube shell 33 by welding or other means. The slot 35 is opened on the inner tube shell 34, and the swivel 36 is sleeved on the inner tube shell 34. The swivel 36 is rotatably connected to the inner tube shell 34. The rod 37 is set on the swivel 36, and the rod 37 is connected to the swivel 36 by welding or other means. The rubber plug 32 is used to be inserted into the inner tube shell 34, and the insert 30 is inserted into the slot 35. After the rubber plug 32 plugs the inner tube shell 34, the swivel 36 is rotated to insert the rod 37 into the positioning hole 31 to fix the probe 28. A preset sealing block with the same structure as the probe 28 can be inserted into the inner tube shell 34 where the probe 28 is not inserted to prevent the inner tube shell 34 from leaking.

[0050] The connecting assembly includes a plug-in mechanism arranged on the laser mounting tube and a connecting mechanism arranged on the camera mechanism. The symmetrical center plane of the mounting base and the symmetrical center plane of the plug-in mechanism are perpendicular to each other. The plug-in mechanism includes a plug-in base block 38, a plug-in guide rail 39, a door-shaped plug-in plate 40, a connecting plate 41 and a connecting hole 42. The plug-in base block 38 is arranged on the rotating tube 9. The plug-in base block 38 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating tube 9 by welding or the like. The plug-in guide rail 39 is arranged on the plug-in base block 38. The door-shaped plug-in plate 40 is arranged on the plug-in guide rail 39. The door-shaped plug-in plate 40 is movably connected to the plug-in base block 38 through the plug-in guide rail 39. The connecting plate 41 is arranged on the door-shaped plug-in plate 40. The connecting plate 41 is fixedly connected to the door-shaped plug-in plate 40 by integral molding or the like. The connecting hole 42 is arranged on the connecting plate 41.

[0051] The connecting mechanism includes a positioning plate 43, a positioning groove 44, a positioning guide rod 45 and a positioning spring 46. The positioning plate 43 is arranged on the outer tube shell 33. The positioning plate 43 is fixedly connected to the outer tube shell 33 by means of integral molding or the like. The positioning groove 44 is arranged on the positioning plate 43. The positioning guide rod 45 is inserted into the side wall of the positioning groove 44. The positioning guide rod 45 is movably connected to the side wall of the positioning groove 44. The positioning spring 46 is sleeved on the positioning guide rod 45. One end of the positioning spring 46 is fixedly connected to the positioning guide rod 45 by means of welding or the like. The other end of the positioning spring 46 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 43 by means of welding or the like. Rotate the rotating tube 9 to align the connecting plate 41 with the positioning groove 44 on the outer tube shell 33 where the probe 28 is installed. After pulling the positioning guide rod 45, move the door-shaped plug plate 40 to insert the connecting plate 41 into the positioning groove 44 and the positioning guide rod 45 into the connecting hole 42 so that the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter 10 is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera 27.

[0052] Working principle: When in use, place the laser light source emitter 10 on the bracket 26, insert the laser light source emitter 10 into the through hole 14, pull the guide rod 24, insert the fixed head 11 into the lower pressing groove 18, and push the pressing slider 17 to move, so that the limit baffle 20 is inserted into the limit groove 19, and squeeze the annular airbag 21 to make the annular airbag 21 fit the laser light source emitter 10. When the limit baffle 20 contacts the bottom wall of the limit groove 19, the movable lock tongue 23 moves to abut against the fixed head 11 under the push of the locking spring 25, and the laser light source emitter 10 is fixed. The rubber plug 32 is inserted into the inner tube shell 34, and the insert piece 30 is inserted into the slot 35. After the rubber plug 32 plugs the inner tube shell 34, the swivel ring 36 is rotated to insert the insert rod 37 into the positioning hole 31. The probe 28 is fixed, and the rotating tube 9 is rotated to align the connecting plate 41 with the positioning groove 44 on the outer tube shell 33 where the probe 28 is installed. After pulling the positioning guide rod 45, the door-shaped insert plate 40 is moved to insert the connecting plate 41 into the positioning groove 44 and the positioning guide rod 45 into the connecting hole 42, so that the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter 10 and the shooting direction of the camera 27 are aligned. The vacuum motor 5 is turned vertically and the vacuum motor 5 is started. The tracer particles are drawn into the housing 1 from the tracer particle inlet 6, so that the tracer particles follow the air into the air inlet pipe 4 and are discharged from the air outlet pipe 3. The camera 27 takes pictures. The vacuum motor 5 is stopped and the swivel 36 is rotated in the opposite direction. The probe 28 is removed and the rubber plug 32 is inserted into the inner tube shell 34 again. The insert 30 is inserted into the slot 35. After the rubber plug 32 plugs the inner tube shell 34, the swivel 36 is rotated to insert the insert rod 37 into the positioning hole 31. The probe 28 is fixed again and the probe 28 is inserted into another inner tube shell 34. In the process, the rotating tube 9 is rotated again to align the connecting plate 41 with the positioning groove 44 on the outer tube shell 33 where the probe 28 is installed, and after pulling the positioning guide rod 45, the door-shaped plug plate 40 is moved to insert the connecting plate 41 into the positioning groove 44, and the positioning guide rod 45 into the connecting hole 42, so that the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter 10 and the shooting direction of the camera 27 are perpendicular again, and the exhaust motor 5 is restarted. The tracer particles are sucked into the outer shell 1 from the tracer particle inlet 6, so that the tracer particles follow the air into the air inlet pipe 4 and are discharged from the air outlet pipe 3, and the camera 27 takes pictures.

[0053] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside a turbomachinery, characterized in that: include: An impeller machine, comprising a housing, an impeller disposed in the housing, an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe disposed on the housing, and an air extraction motor disposed on the housing and connected to the impeller; A test assembly, the test assembly comprising a lighting mechanism and a camera mechanism, a laser mounting tube disposed on the air intake pipe, a mounting base disposed on the laser mounting tube, and a plurality of camera mounting mechanisms disposed on the air intake pipe, wherein the laser mounting tube is provided with a tracer particle inlet; A connecting assembly, the connecting assembly includes a plug-in mechanism arranged on the laser mounting tube, a connecting mechanism arranged on the camera mechanism, the symmetry center plane of the mounting base and the symmetry center plane of the plug-in mechanism are perpendicular to each other, the laser mounting tube includes a fixed tube arranged on the air inlet pipe, an annular slide rail inserted on the fixed tube, and a rotating tube arranged on the annular slide rail, and the lighting mechanism includes a laser light source emitter and a fixed head arranged on the laser light source emitter.

2. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside an impeller machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base includes a base tube inserted on the rotating tube, a positioning mounting tube arranged in the base tube, a through hole, a displacement groove and a slide groove provided on the positioning mounting tube, a pressing slider provided in the slide groove, a downward pressing groove provided on the pressing slider, a limiting groove provided on the displacement groove wall and surrounding the through hole, a limiting baffle provided on the pressing slider, an annular airbag provided on the displacement groove wall and located in the limiting baffle, a reset spring provided between the pressing slider and the displacement groove wall, a movable locking tongue inserted in the positioning mounting tube, a guide pull rod provided on the movable locking tongue and inserted on the base tube, a locking spring with two ends respectively provided on the inner wall of the base tube and the movable locking tongue, and a bracket provided on the rotating tube.

3. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside the turbomachinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser light source emitter is arranged in the through hole, so that the fixed head cooperates with the lower pressure groove, pushing the pressing slider to move, so that the limit baffle cooperates with the limit groove, the annular airbag fits the laser light source emitter, and the movable lock tongue cooperates with the fixed head, and the fixed head is located between the lower pressure groove and the movable lock tongue.

4. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside the turbomachinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The camera mechanism includes a camera, a probe arranged on the camera, a plug ring arranged on the probe, a plug sheet arranged on the plug ring, a positioning hole opened on the plug sheet, and a rubber plug arranged on the plug ring, wherein the front end diameter of the rubber plug is smaller than the rear end diameter; the camera mounting mechanism includes an outer tube shell inserted on the air intake pipe, an inner tube shell arranged in the outer tube shell, a slot opened on the inner tube shell, a swivel arranged on the inner tube shell, and a plug rod arranged on the swivel.

5. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside the turbomachinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rubber plug is matched with the inner tube shell, and the inserting piece is matched with the slot. The rotating ring is rotatably connected to the inner tube, so that the inserting rod is set in the positioning hole.

6. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside the turbomachinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plug-in mechanism includes a plug-in base block arranged on the rotating tube, a plug-in guide rail arranged on the plug-in base block, a door-shaped plug-in plate arranged on the plug-in guide rail, a connecting plate arranged on the door-shaped plug-in plate, and a connecting hole arranged on the connecting plate.

7. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside the turbomachinery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes a positioning plate arranged on the outer tube shell, a positioning groove arranged on the positioning plate, a positioning guide rod inserted on the wall of the positioning groove, and a positioning spring sleeved on the positioning guide rod.

8. The endoscopic PIV testing device for the flow field inside the turbomachinery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating tube is rotatably connected to the fixed tube, the connecting plate is arranged in the positioning groove, the positioning guide rod is arranged in the connecting hole, and the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera.

9. A testing method for an endoscopic PIV testing device for an impeller machine's internal flow field according to claim 8, characterized in that: S1: placing the laser light source emitter on the bracket, inserting the laser light source emitter into the through hole, inserting the fixing head into the lower pressing groove, and pushing the pressing slider to move, inserting the limiting baffle into the limiting groove, and squeezing the annular airbag so that the annular airbag fits the laser light source emitter. When the limiting baffle contacts the bottom wall of the limiting groove, the movable lock tongue moves to abut against the fixing head under the push of the locking spring, thereby fixing the laser light source emitter; S2: inserting the rubber plug into the inner tube shell and the inserting piece into the slot, so that the rubber plug plugs the inner tube shell, and then rotating the rotating ring to insert the inserting rod into the positioning hole to fix the probe; S3: rotating the rotating tube so that the connecting plate is aligned with the positioning groove on the outer tube shell on which the probe is installed; S4: After pulling the positioning guide rod, move the gate-shaped plug plate to insert the connecting plate into the positioning groove, and insert the positioning guide rod into the connecting hole, so that the light curtain emitted by the laser light source emitter is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the camera; S5: starting the exhaust motor, and the tracer particles are sucked into the housing from the tracer particle inlet, so that the tracer particles follow the air into the air inlet pipe and are discharged from the air outlet pipe, and the camera takes pictures; S5: Stop the exhaust motor, rotate the rotating ring in the opposite direction, remove the probe, repeat S2, and insert the probe into another inner tube shell; S6: Repeat S3-S5 to enable the camera to capture the internal flow field at another viewing angle.

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