Intelligent measuring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent measuring device and method, and belongs to the technical field of wind speed and wind direction measurement. The conical fan cover is arranged on the upper side of the shell, and an ultrasonic assembly is installed between the inner walls of the conical fan cover; the adjusting mechanism is arranged between the shell and the conical fan cover, and is used for deflecting the conical fan cover, calculating a median of current values, calculating a compensation difference value between the median of the current values and a single-time measured current value within one second before the conical fan cover deflects and swings, and adjusting the deflection of the conical fan cover according to the compensation difference value. A temporary wind direction compensation database is established through a large amount of compensation difference values, compensation increase and decrease are carried out on wind direction current pointed by a conical wind cover, then disturbance compensation of the intelligent measuring device on the measured wind direction is achieved, and wind direction deflection disturbance correction compensation is carried out on the ultrasonic wind speed measuring and wind direction measuring device through a mechanical structure. Accurate collection of wind speed and wind direction data in a small-range area is achieved, and the gathering condition of pollutants in air in the small-range area is monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind speed and direction measurement, and particularly relates to an intelligent measurement device and method. Background Technique

[0002] Intelligent measurement is a process of accurately measuring and analyzing physical quantities by means of advanced sensor technology, data acquisition equipment, and intelligent algorithms. It has become a key technology for achieving efficient and accurate monitoring and decision-making in multiple fields. Its application scenarios include industrial manufacturing, healthcare, environmental protection, and construction engineering. In environmental protection, it monitors environmental indicators such as air pollution, water quality, and soil quality to support the formulation of effective environmental protection policies and measures. For example, intelligent sensors can continuously monitor the concentration of PM2.5 or other common air pollutants in the air, the heavy metal content in water quality, etc., and upload the data to the environmental protection department.

[0003] An intelligent measurement device is an instrument that combines advanced sensor technology, data processing algorithms, communication technology, and automation control technology to achieve accurate measurement, real-time monitoring, data analysis, and intelligent decision-making of physical quantities (such as temperature, pressure, displacement, flow rate, force, electrical parameters, etc.). Through an integrated design, it combines the functions of traditional measuring instruments with intelligent technology and is widely used in industrial production, energy management, environmental monitoring, healthcare, agriculture, transportation, and other fields.

[0004] Publication No. "CN101893645A" discloses an ultrasonic wind speed and direction measurement device in the technical field of wind speed and direction measurement, which includes a wind-sensitive rod, a base, an ultrasonic transmitter, and at least three ultrasonic receivers. The wind-sensitive rod is a vertical cantilever structure. The ultrasonic transmitter is fixedly arranged at the suspended end of the wind-sensitive rod. The ultrasonic receivers are fixedly arranged in an equilateral triangle on the base. The base is horizontally arranged under the wind-sensitive rod. The projection of the fixed end of the wind-sensitive rod on the base overlaps with the center of the equilateral triangle formed by the three ultrasonic receivers. The present invention uses only one ultrasonic transmitter and three receivers to achieve the purpose of measuring both wind speed and direction. Compared with the prior art, it not only has a simple structure, but also because of the use of the wind-sensitive rod, the distance from the ultrasonic transmitter to the ultrasonic receiver will change under the action of wind, thereby greatly reducing the volume and improving the measurement sensitivity.

[0005] The above-mentioned patent achieves the purpose of measuring both wind speed and wind direction with an ultrasonic transmitter and three receivers. Compared with the prior art, it not only has a simple structure, but also, due to the use of a wind-sensitive rod, the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver will change under the influence of wind, thereby greatly reducing the volume and improving the measurement sensitivity. However, in the existing intelligent measurement devices manufactured using the ultrasonic principle, during the measurement of wind speed and wind direction, it is impossible to correct and compensate for the deflection disturbance of the wind direction, resulting in a large ultrasonic measurement error, increasing the difficulty of collecting wind speed and wind direction data in a small area, and making it impossible to accurately monitor the wind direction and wind speed anomalies in a small area, thus making it impossible to monitor the accumulation of air pollutants in a small area. Moreover, the intelligent measurement devices manufactured using the ultrasonic principle cannot measure the concentration of PM2.5 or other common air pollutants. Therefore, we propose an intelligent measurement device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent measurement device and method, aiming to use a mechanical structure to correct and compensate for the deflection disturbance of the wind direction of an ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measurement device, realize accurate collection of wind speed and wind direction data in a small area, achieve monitoring of the accumulation of air pollutants in a small area, and simultaneously measure the concentration of PM2.5 or other common air pollutants.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An intelligent measurement device, comprising a housing;

[0009] A conical wind hood, the conical wind hood is arranged on the upper side of the housing, and an ultrasonic component is installed between the inner walls of the conical wind hood; and

[0010] An adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is arranged between the housing and the conical wind hood, and the adjusting mechanism is used to deflect the conical wind hood.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism includes a driving component, a limiting component, a sealing component and a direction measuring component. The driving component is arranged between the inner walls of the housing, the driving component is connected to the conical wind hood, the limiting component is arranged between the inner walls of the housing, the limiting component is connected to the driving component, the sealing component is arranged on the top of the housing, the limiting component is connected to the driving component, the direction measuring component is arranged at the bottom of the housing, and the direction measuring component is connected to the driving component.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a partition plate, a hollow rotating column, a driven gear, a driving gear, and a driving motor. The partition plate is fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the housing. The hollow rotating column is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the housing. Both ends of the hollow rotating column extend to the top and bottom of the housing, and the hollow rotating column communicates with the conical air hood. The driven gear is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column. The driven gear is located between the inner walls of the housing and is below the partition plate. The driving gear is arranged between the inner walls of the housing and is below the partition plate. The driving motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing. The output end of the driving motor extends between the inner walls of the housing, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting assembly includes a ratchet wheel, a pawl, and an electric push rod. The ratchet wheel is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column. The ratchet wheel is above the partition plate. The pawl is rotatably connected to the top of the partition plate. The pawl is engaged with the ratchet wheel. The electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the partition plate. The output end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the pawl.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing assembly includes a hollow frustum, a sealing cover, a bearing, and an annular sealing ring. The hollow frustum is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column and is fixedly connected to the top of the housing. The sealing cover is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column and wraps the top of the hollow frustum. The bearing is installed on the inner wall of the hollow frustum and is rotatably connected to the hollow rotating column. The annular sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow frustum and is located between the hollow frustum and the sealing cover.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the direction measuring assembly includes a turntable, an insulating sheet, a hollow cover, a spherical electrical contact, an elastic sleeve, a retaining sleeve, a spring, and a graduated copper strip. The turntable is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating column. The graduated copper strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable. The insulating sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable and is located between the inner walls of the graduated copper strip. The hollow cover is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the turntable, the graduated copper strip, and the insulating sheet and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing. The elastic sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cover. The spherical electrical contact is movably telescoped between the inner walls of the elastic sleeve, and the top sphere of the spherical electrical contact is in contact with the graduated copper strip. The retaining sleeve is arranged between the spherical electrical contact and the elastic sleeve and is fixedly connected to the spherical electrical contact. The spring is filled between the spherical electrical contact and the elastic sleeve and is fixedly connected to the lower side of the retaining sleeve.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow rotating column. An integrated terminal is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame. A fixed wiring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the integrated terminal. The extended end of the fixed wiring is fixedly connected to one end of the graduated copper strip. A rotating wiring is rotatably connected to the bottom of the integrated terminal. The rotating wiring extends between the inner walls of the hollow cover, and the extended end of the rotating wiring is fixedly connected to the spherical electric contact.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cover. A plug rod is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the rotating sleeve. A plurality of inner convex teeth are fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the rotating sleeve. A plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the plug rod. The plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth are located between the gaps of the plurality of inner convex teeth.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wind direction block is fixedly connected to the top of the conical wind cover.

[0019] An intelligent measurement method includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Positioning and installation:

[0021] Hold the plug rod by hand and insert the entire intelligent measurement device into the soil with the shell more than 1 meter above the ground. At the same time, hold the plug rod with one hand and the shell with the other hand, and rotate the shell to drive the rotating sleeve to rotate, so that the plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth rotate between the plurality of inner convex teeth, making the protruding end of the shell point to the due south direction, that is, the notch of the graduated copper strip is aligned with the due south direction. Then, the entire intelligent measurement device is externally powered to complete the positioning and installation of the intelligent measurement device.

[0022] S2. Wind direction measurement:

[0023] In windy weather, the drive motor is powered off and stops. At the same time, the output end of the electric push rod contracts to pull the ratchet pawl away from the ratchet wheel, releasing the locking of the rotation of the conical wind cover. The wind blows the conical wind cover and the wind direction block. The wind blowing from the side of the conical wind cover pushes the conical wind cover to deflect, making the small head end of the conical wind cover face the oncoming wind direction. At the same time, during the deflection process of the conical wind cover, the wind direction block gradually reduces the deflection swing amplitude of the conical wind cover by aligning with the oncoming wind direction, making the small head end of the conical wind cover accurately track the wind direction. The deflection of the conical wind cover drives the turntable, insulating sheet, and graduated copper strip to deflect, thereby changing the fitting position between the graduated copper strip and the spherical electric contact, changing the length of the micro-current conductor passing through the graduated copper strip, and then changing the current resistance value flowing in series to the integrated terminal. With the input micro-current voltage unchanged, the current is calculated using the Ohm's formula stored in the integrated terminal. According to the current value, the wind direction corresponding to the current in the database is matched to achieve the wind direction measurement of the intelligent measurement device.

[0024] S3. Disturbance Compensation:

[0025] During the wind direction measurement, when the conical wind hood deflects and swings, the integrated terminal collects the current value changes generated during the swinging process of the conical wind hood at a measurement frequency of once every 0.02 seconds, statistically analyzes the change frequency of the wind direction, calculates the median of the current values, calculates the compensation difference between the median of the current values and the single measurement current value within 1 second before the conical wind hood deflects and swings, establishes a temporary wind direction compensation database through a large number of compensation differences, compensates and adjusts the wind direction current pointed by the conical wind hood, and then realizes the disturbance compensation of the measured wind direction by the intelligent measurement device;

[0026] S4. Wind Speed Measurement:

[0027] When the small head end of the conical wind hood is aligned with the wind direction, the electric push rod is powered on and started. The output end of the electric push rod pushes the pawl to engage with the ratchet, locking the deflection and swing of the conical wind hood. Air flows between the inner walls of the conical wind hood. The transmitting end of the ultrasonic component emits high-frequency infrasound waves to the receiving end of the ultrasonic component at an interval of once every 0.02 seconds. The high-frequency infrasound waves are affected by the flowing air. By using the receiving time difference of the high-frequency infrasound waves, the air flow velocity is calculated, and then the wind speed is calculated to realize the wind speed measurement of the intelligent measurement device;

[0028] S5. Concentration Measurement:

[0029] During the wind speed measurement, the integrated terminal stores an infrasound wave receiving time difference database under different concentrations and wind speeds, so that a reference database of wind speed and the corresponding PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations when the infrasound wave is received is established in the storage unit of the integrated terminal. The infrasound wave receiving time difference generated during the wind speed measurement is compared with the reference database. First, the corresponding PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentration value range is found by using the infrasound wave receiving time difference, and then the correct PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentration value is selected through the wind speed, realizing the measurement of PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations;

[0030] S6. Reset and Calibration:

[0031] After the wind direction measurement, wind speed measurement and concentration measurement, the drive motor is powered on and started. The output end of the drive motor drives the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate through meshing with the driven gear, so that the driven gear drives the hollow rotating column to rotate. Then the hollow rotating column drives the turntable and the conical wind hood to deflect. The turntable drives the scale copper strip to deflect, so that the spherical electric contact is located between the notches of the scale copper strip, realizing the reset and calibration of the small head end of the conical wind hood.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. In this solution, during the micro-current cycle, an integrated terminal, a rotating connection wire, a fixed connection wire, a graduated copper bar, and a spherical electrical contact form a micro-current cycle. The storage unit of the integrated terminal stores a statistical program and a database. The integrated terminal measures at a frequency of once every 0.02 seconds, collects the change in current values generated during the swinging process of the conical wind hood, statistically calculates the change frequency of the wind direction, calculates the median of the current values, calculates the compensation difference between the median of the current values and the single measurement current value within 1 second before the conical wind hood deflects and swings, establishes a temporary wind direction compensation database through a large number of compensation differences, compensates for the increase and decrease of the wind direction current pointed by the conical wind hood, and then realizes the disturbance compensation of the measured wind direction by the intelligent measurement device. The mechanical structure is used to correct and compensate for the deflection disturbance of the wind direction of the ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measurement device, realizing the accurate acquisition of wind speed and wind direction data in a small area, and achieving the monitoring of the aggregation of air pollutants in a small area.

[0034] 2. In this solution, the input voltage is constant during the cycle, while the current resistance value changes. The current is calculated through Ohm's formula. According to the current value, the corresponding wind direction in the database is matched. The retaining sleeve is used to lift the spherical electrical contact, and the spring is used to squeeze and lift the retaining sleeve. When measuring the wind direction, a micro-current cycle is formed among the integrated terminal, the rotating connection wire, the fixed connection wire, the graduated copper bar, and the spherical electrical contact. The conical wind hood rotates the graduated copper bar, making the spherical electrical contact at different fitting points with the graduated copper bar, gradually changing the length of the graduated copper bar through which the micro-current flows, and then changing the current resistance value during the micro-current cycle. With the input voltage constant and the current resistance value changing, the current is calculated through Ohm's formula. According to the current value, the corresponding wind direction is matched. The spherical electrical contact contacts different scale bar contacts on the graduated copper bar to measure different wind directions, realizing the accurate measurement of the wind direction by the intelligent measurement device.

[0035] 3. In this solution, during the deflection and swing of the conical wind shield, the driving motor is powered off and stops. The conical wind shield is blown by the crosswind, causing the conical wind shield to drive the hollow rotating column to deflect. The hollow rotating column drives the driven gear to rotate. The driven gear drives the driving gear to rotate through meshing with the driving gear. The driving gear drives the rotor in the driving motor to rotate, forming negligible power. At the same time, after wind direction measurement, wind speed measurement, and concentration measurement, the driving motor is powered on and starts. The output end of the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate through meshing with the driven gear, causing the driven gear to drive the hollow rotating column to rotate. Then, the hollow rotating column drives the turntable and the conical wind shield to deflect. The turntable drives the scale copper strip to deflect, making the spherical electric contact located between the notches of the scale copper strip, realizing the reset and correction of the small head end of the conical wind shield. Then, the driving motor is powered off and stops, achieving the ability to quickly reset the conical wind shield, ensuring the elimination of the interference of the previous wind direction before the next wind measurement, thereby improving the wind direction measurement accuracy of the intelligent measurement device. At the same time, the wind direction block is used to receive the push and guidance of the incoming wind, gradually reducing the deflection and swing amplitude of the conical wind shield, making the small head end of the conical wind shield accurately track the wind direction, and effectively improving the wind direction measurement accuracy of the intelligent measurement device.

[0036] 4. In this solution, during rainy and windy weather, rainwater flows down along the conical outer wall of the sealing cover without flowing into the shell. At the same time, the annular sealing ring fills the gap between the hollow frustum and the sealing cover, preventing the airflow from backflowing rainwater into the shell, thereby preventing rainwater from entering the shell and the hollow cover to damage the electronic components and extending the service life of the intelligent measurement device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 is the first perspective view of an intelligent measurement device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is the second perspective view of an intelligent measurement device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is the first full sectional view of an intelligent measurement device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is an intelligent measurement device of the present invention Figure 3 enlarged view of part A;

[0042] Figure 5 is the second full sectional view of an intelligent measurement device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 The enlarged view at position B of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention Figure 5 ;

[0044] Figure 7 The enlarged view at position C of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention Figure 5 ;

[0045] Figure 8 The third full sectional view of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention

[0046] Figure 9 The fourth full sectional view of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention

[0047] Figure 10 The fifth full sectional view of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention

[0048] Figure 11 The disassembly view of the lateral component of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention

[0049] Figure 12 The Figure 11 enlarged view at position D of an intelligent measuring device of the present invention

[0050] In the figure: 1. housing; 2. partition board; 3. hollow frustum; 4. sealing cover; 5. hollow rotating column; 6. bearing; 7. annular sealing ring; 8. conical wind hood; 9. integrated terminal; 10. fixing bracket; 11. rotating wiring; 12. fixed wiring; 13. turntable; 14. insulating sheet; 15. hollow cover; 16. spherical electrical contact; 17. elastic sleeve; 18. retaining sleeve; 19. spring; 20. rotating sleeve; 21. insertion rod; 22. inner convex teeth; 23. elastic rubber outer convex teeth; 24. driven gear; 25. driving gear; 26. driving motor; 27. ratchet; 28. ratchet pawl; 29. electric push rod; 30. ultrasonic component; 31. wind direction block; 32. graduated copper strip Detailed implementation manners

[0051] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 12 , an intelligent measuring device, comprising:

[0054] housing 1;

[0055] The conical wind cover 8 is arranged on the upper side of the housing 1, and an ultrasonic component 30 is installed between the inner walls of the conical wind cover 8; and

[0056] An adjusting mechanism is arranged between the housing 1 and the conical wind cover 8, and the adjusting mechanism is used to deflect the conical wind cover 8.

[0057] In the present invention, the housing 1 is used to support and fix the hollow frustum 3, the hollow cover 15 and the partition plate 2, and the conical wind cover 8 is used to support and fix the wind direction block 31 and the ultrasonic component 30. Due to the difference between the large and small ends of the conical wind cover 8, when the wind comes from the side, the wind pressures received at the two ends of the conical wind cover 8 are different, and the end with the smaller wind pressure will deflect towards the wind direction. The adjusting mechanism is used to deflect the conical wind cover 8.

[0058] The adjusting mechanism includes a driving component, a limiting component, a sealing component and a direction measuring component. The driving component is arranged between the inner walls of the housing 1, the driving component is connected to the conical wind cover 8, the limiting component is arranged between the inner walls of the housing 1, the limiting component is connected to the driving component, the sealing component is arranged on the top of the housing 1, the limiting component is connected to the driving component, the direction measuring component is arranged at the bottom of the housing 1, and the direction measuring component is connected to the driving component.

[0059] In the present invention, the driving component is used to reset the conical wind cover 8, the limiting component is used to lock the deflection of the conical wind cover 8, the sealing component is used to block dust and water vapor from entering the housing 1, and the direction measuring component is used to measure the wind direction.

[0060] The driving component includes a partition plate 2, a hollow rotating column 5, a driven gear 24, a driving gear 25 and a driving motor 26. The partition plate 2 is fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the housing 1. The hollow rotating column 5 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the housing 1. The two ends of the hollow rotating column 5 extend to the top and bottom of the housing 1, and the hollow rotating column 5 is communicated with the conical wind cover 8. The driven gear 24 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column 5. The driven gear 24 is located between the inner walls of the housing 1 and is located below the partition plate 2. The driving gear 25 is arranged between the inner walls of the housing 1 and is located below the partition plate 2. The driving motor 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The output end of the driving motor 26 extends to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the output end of the driving motor 26 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 25.

[0061] In the present invention, the partition plate 2 is used to divide the space inside the housing 1. The hollow rotating column 5 is used to support and fix the conical wind hood 8, the driven gear 24 and the ratchet wheel 27. The driven gear 24 is used to drive the hollow rotating column 5 to rotate. The driving gear 25 drives the driven gear 24 to rotate through meshing with the driven gear 24. At the same time, the driven gear 24 can also drive the driving gear 25 to rotate through meshing with the driving gear 25. The driving motor 26 is used to drive the driving gear 25 to rotate. During the deflection and swing of the conical wind hood 8, the driving motor 26 is powered off and stops. The conical wind hood 8 is blown by the lateral wind, causing the conical wind hood 8 to drive the hollow rotating column 5 to deflect. The hollow rotating column 5 drives the driven gear 24 to rotate. The driven gear 24 drives the driving gear 25 to rotate through meshing with the driving gear 25. The driving gear 25 drives the rotor inside the driving motor 26 to rotate, forming negligible power. At the same time, after wind direction measurement, wind speed measurement and concentration measurement, the driving motor 26 is powered on and starts. The output end of the driving motor 26 drives the driving gear 25 to rotate. The driving gear 25 drives the driven gear 24 to rotate through meshing with the driven gear 24, causing the driven gear 24 to drive the hollow rotating column 5 to rotate. Then the hollow rotating column 5 drives the turntable 13 and the conical wind hood 8 to deflect. The turntable 13 drives the graduated copper strip 32 to deflect, so that the spherical electric contact 16 is located between the notches of the graduated copper strip 32, realizing the reset and correction of the small end of the conical wind hood 8. Then the driving motor 26 is powered off and stops, realizing the ability of the conical wind hood 8 to quickly reset, so as to ensure that before the next wind measurement, the interference of the previous wind direction is eliminated, and then the wind direction measurement accuracy of the intelligent measurement device is improved.

[0062] The limiting component includes a ratchet wheel 27, a pawl 28 and an electric push rod 29. The ratchet wheel 27 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column 5. The ratchet wheel 27 is located above the partition plate 2. The pawl 28 is rotatably connected to the top of the partition plate 2. The pawl 28 is engaged with the ratchet wheel 27. The electric push rod 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the partition plate 2. The output end of the electric push rod 29 is rotatably connected to the pawl 28.

[0063] In the present invention, the ratchet wheel 27 is used to rotate synchronously with the hollow rotating column 5. The pawl 28 restricts the deflection of the hollow rotating column 5 through engagement with the ratchet wheel 27. The electric push rod 29 is used to drive the pawl 28 to deflect. When wind speed measurement is required, the small end of the conical wind hood 8 points to the incoming wind direction. The output end of the electric push rod 29 extends to push the pawl 28 close to the ratchet wheel 27. The pawl 28 locks the rotation of the hollow rotating column 5 through engagement with the ratchet wheel 27, and then locks the small end of the conical wind hood 8 to align with the incoming wind direction, avoiding the disturbance of the ultrasonic component 30 caused by the fine adjustment of the wind direction of the conical wind hood 8 and improving the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic component 30 for wind speed.

[0064] The sealing assembly includes a hollow frustum 3, a sealing cover 4, a bearing 6, and an annular sealing ring 7. The hollow frustum 3 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column 5, and the hollow frustum 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 1. The sealing cover 4 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column 5, and the sealing cover 4 wraps around the top of the hollow frustum 3. The bearing 6 is installed on the inner wall of the hollow frustum 3, and the bearing 6 is rotatably connected to the hollow rotating column 5. The annular sealing ring 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow frustum 3, and the annular sealing ring 7 is located between the hollow frustum 3 and the sealing cover 4.

[0065] In the present invention, the hollow frustum 3 is used to support the bearing 6, the sealing cover 4 is used to guide rainwater, the bearing 6 is used to rotatably connect the hollow rotating column 5, and the annular sealing ring 7 is used to fill the gap between the hollow frustum 3 and the sealing cover 4. In windy and rainy weather, the rainwater flows down along the conical outer wall of the sealing cover 4 and does not flow into the housing 1. At the same time, the annular sealing ring 7 fills the gap between the hollow frustum 3 and the sealing cover 4 to prevent the airflow from backflowing the rainwater into the housing 1, thereby preventing the rainwater from entering the housing 1 and the hollow cover 15 to damage the electronic components and extending the service life of the intelligent measurement device.

[0066] The direction-finding assembly includes a turntable 13, an insulating sheet 14, a hollow cover 15, a spherical electrical contact 16, an elastic sleeve 17, a retaining sleeve 18, a spring 19, and a graduated copper strip 32. The turntable 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating column 5, the graduated copper strip 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable 13, the insulating sheet 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable 13, and the insulating sheet 14 is located between the inner walls of the graduated copper strip 32. The hollow cover 15 is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the turntable 13, the graduated copper strip 32, and the insulating sheet 14, and the hollow cover 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The elastic sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cover 15. The spherical electrical contact 16 is movably telescoped between the inner walls of the elastic sleeve 17, and the top sphere of the spherical electrical contact 16 is in contact with the graduated copper strip 32. The retaining sleeve 18 is arranged between the spherical electrical contact 16 and the elastic sleeve 17, and the retaining sleeve 18 is fixedly connected to the spherical electrical contact 16. The spring 19 is filled between the spherical electrical contact 16 and the elastic sleeve 17, and the spring 19 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the retaining sleeve 18.

[0067] In the present invention, the turntable 13 is used to support and fix the insulating sheet 14 and the scale copper strip 32. The scale copper strip 32 is used to conduct micro-current. The insulating sheet 14 is used to fill the wind direction scale strip of the scale copper strip 32 to avoid current loss when the spherical electrical contact 16 is located in the gap between two scale strips and eliminate unnecessary interference. The hollow cover 15 is used to provide sealed protection for the turntable 13, the insulating sheet 14, the scale copper strip 32 and the spherical electrical contact 16. The elastic sleeve 17 is used to accommodate the spherical electrical contact 16, the retaining sleeve 18 and the spring 19. The spherical electrical contact 16 forms a micro-current flow cycle with the integrated terminal 9, the rotating wiring 11, the fixed wiring 12 and the scale copper strip 32. In the cycle, the input voltage is constant while the current resistance value changes. The current is calculated through Ohm's formula. According to the current value, the wind direction corresponding to the current in the database is matched. The retaining sleeve 18 is used to lift the spherical electrical contact 16, and the spring 19 is used to squeeze and lift the retaining sleeve 18. When measuring the wind direction, in the micro-current cycle between the integrated terminal 9, the rotating wiring 11, the fixed wiring 12, the scale copper strip 32 and the spherical electrical contact 16, the conical wind cover 8 rotates the scale copper strip 32, so that the spherical electrical contact 16 and the scale copper strip 32 are at different fitting points, gradually changing the length of the scale copper strip 32 through which the micro-current flows, and then changing the current resistance value in the micro-current cycle. The input voltage is constant while the current resistance value changes. The current is calculated through Ohm's formula. According to the current value, the corresponding wind direction is matched. The spherical electrical contact 16 contacts different scale strip contacts on the scale copper strip 32 to measure different wind directions, realizing accurate measurement of the wind direction by the intelligent measurement device.

[0068] A fixed frame 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow rotating column 5. The top of the fixed frame 10 is fixedly connected to an integrated terminal 9. The bottom of the integrated terminal 9 is fixedly connected to a fixed wiring 12, and the extending end of the fixed wiring 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the scale copper strip 32. The bottom of the integrated terminal 9 is rotatably connected to a rotating wiring 11. The rotating wiring 11 extends between the inner walls of the hollow cover 15, and the extending end of the rotating wiring 11 is fixedly connected to the spherical electrical contact 16.

[0069] In the present invention, the fixing bracket 10 is used to support and fix the integrated terminal 9. The integrated terminal 9 is used to supply power to the micro-current loop formed by the rotating connection wire 11, the fixed connection wire 12, the turntable 13, the graduated copper strip 32 and the spherical electrical contact 16. At the same time, the integrated terminal 9 is also used to monitor the current resistance value in the micro-current loop. The fixed connection wire 12 is used to receive the return flow of the micro-current. The rotating connection wire 11 is used to guide the micro-current to the spherical electrical contact 16. In the micro-current loop, a micro-current loop is formed among the integrated terminal 9, the rotating connection wire 11, the fixed connection wire 12, the graduated copper strip 32 and the spherical electrical contact 16. A statistical program and a database are stored in the storage unit of the integrated terminal 9. The integrated terminal 9 measures at a frequency of once every 0.02 seconds, collects the change in the current value generated during the swinging process of the conical wind hood 8, counts the change frequency of the wind direction, calculates the median of the current values, calculates the compensation difference between the median of the current values and the single measurement current value within 1 second before the conical wind hood 8 deflects and swings, establishes a temporary wind direction compensation database through a large number of compensation differences, compensates and increases or decreases the wind direction current pointed by the conical wind hood 8, and then realizes the disturbance compensation of the measured wind direction by the intelligent measuring device. The mechanical structure is used to correct and compensate the deflection disturbance of the wind direction of the ultrasonic wind speed and wind direction measuring device, realize the accurate acquisition of wind speed and wind direction data in a small area, and achieve the monitoring of the aggregation of air pollutants in a small area.

[0070] A rotating sleeve 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cover 15. A plug rod 21 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the rotating sleeve 20. A plurality of inner convex teeth 22 are fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the rotating sleeve 20. A plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23 are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the plug rod 21. The plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23 are located in the gaps between the plurality of inner convex teeth 22.

[0071] In the present invention, the rotating sleeve 20 is used to accommodate the plug rod 21 and the plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23. The plug rod 21 is used to support and fix the plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23. The plurality of inner convex teeth 22 are used to engage with the plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23. The plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23 elastically clamp the plug rod 21 by engaging with the plurality of inner convex teeth 22. When installing the intelligent measuring device, by rotating the housing 1, the protruding end of the housing 1 is oriented towards the due south direction, which is convenient for positioning and installing the whole intelligent measuring device.

[0072] A wind direction block 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the conical wind hood 8.

[0073] In the present invention, the wind direction block 31 is used to receive the push and guidance of the incoming wind, gradually reduce the deflection and swing amplitude of the conical wind hood 8, so that the small head end of the conical wind hood 8 accurately tracks the wind direction, and effectively improves the wind direction measurement accuracy of the intelligent measuring device.

[0074] An intelligent measurement method includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Positioning and installation:

[0076] Hold the insertion rod 21 by hand and insert the whole intelligent measuring device into the soil. The housing 1 should be more than 1 meter above the ground. At the same time, hold the insertion rod 21 with one hand and the housing 1 with the other hand, and rotate the housing 1 to drive the rotating sleeve 20 to rotate, so that the multiple elastic rubber outer convex teeth 23 rotate between the multiple inner convex teeth 22, making the convex end of the housing 1 point to the due south direction, that is, the notch of the scale copper strip 32 is aligned with the due south direction. Then, connect the whole intelligent measuring device to an external power supply to complete the positioning and installation of the intelligent measuring device.

[0077] S2. Wind direction measurement:

[0078] In strong wind weather, the driving motor 26 is powered off and stops running. At the same time, the output end of the electric push rod 29 contracts to pull the pawl 28 away from the ratchet 27, releasing the locking of the rotation of the conical wind cover 8. The wind blows the conical wind cover 8 and the wind direction block 31. The wind blowing from the side of the conical wind cover 8 pushes the conical wind cover 8 to deflect, making the small head end of the conical wind cover 8 point to the oncoming wind direction. At the same time, during the deflection process of the conical wind cover 8, the wind direction block 31 gradually reduces the deflection swing amplitude of the conical wind cover 8 by aligning with the oncoming wind direction, so that the small head end of the conical wind cover 8 accurately tracks the wind direction. The deflection of the conical wind cover 8 drives the turntable 13, the insulating sheet 14 and the scale copper strip 32 to deflect, thereby changing the fitting position between the scale copper strip 32 and the spherical electric contact 16, changing the length of the micro-current conductor passing through the scale copper strip 32, and then changing the current resistance value flowing in series to the integrated terminal 9. Under the condition that the input micro-current voltage remains unchanged, use the Ohm's formula stored in the integrated terminal 9 to calculate the current, and match the wind direction corresponding to the current in the database according to the current value to achieve the wind direction measurement of the intelligent measuring device.

[0079] S3. Disturbance compensation:

[0080] During the wind direction measurement process, during the deflection swing of the conical wind cover 8, the integrated terminal 9 collects the current value changes generated during the swing of the conical wind cover 8 at a measurement frequency of once every 0.02 seconds, counts the change frequency of the wind direction, calculates the median of the current values, calculates the compensation difference between the median of the current values and the single measurement current value within 1 second before the deflection swing of the conical wind cover 8, and establishes a temporary wind direction compensation database through a large number of compensation differences to compensate and increase or decrease the wind direction current pointed by the conical wind cover 8, thereby realizing the disturbance compensation of the measured wind direction by the intelligent measuring device.

[0081] S4. Wind speed measurement:

[0082] When the small end of the conical wind cover 8 is aligned with the wind direction, the electric push rod 29 is energized to start. The output end of the electric push rod 29 pushes the pawl 28 to engage with the ratchet wheel 27, locking the deflection swing of the conical wind cover 8. Air flows between the inner walls of the conical wind cover 8. The transmitting end of the ultrasonic component 30 emits high-frequency infrasound waves to the receiving end of the ultrasonic component 30 at an interval of 0.02 seconds each time. Affected by the flowing air, the high-frequency infrasound waves use the receiving time difference of the high-frequency infrasound waves to calculate the air flow velocity, and then calculate the wind speed, realizing the wind speed measurement of the intelligent measuring device;

[0083] S5. Concentration measurement:

[0084] During the wind speed measurement, a database of infrasound wave receiving time differences at different concentrations and wind speeds is stored in the integrated terminal 9, enabling a reference database of wind speed and the corresponding PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations at the time of infrasound wave reception to be established in the storage unit of the integrated terminal 9. The infrasound wave receiving time difference generated during the wind speed measurement is compared with the reference database. Using the infrasound wave receiving time difference, first find the corresponding numerical range of PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations, and then screen out the correct PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentration values through the wind speed, realizing the measurement of PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations;

[0085] S6. Reset and calibration:

[0086] After the wind direction measurement, wind speed measurement, and concentration measurement, the drive motor 26 is energized to start. The output end of the drive motor 26 drives the active gear 25 to rotate. The active gear 25 drives the driven gear 24 to rotate through meshing with the driven gear 24, enabling the driven gear 24 to drive the hollow rotating column 5 to rotate. Subsequently, the hollow rotating column 5 drives the turntable 13 and the conical wind cover 8 to deflect. The turntable 13 drives the scale copper strip 32 to deflect, making the spherical electric contact 16 located between the notches of the scale copper strip 32, realizing the reset and calibration of the small end of the conical wind cover 8.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent measurement device, characterized in that, Comprising; A housing (1); A conical wind hood (8), the conical wind hood (8) being arranged on the upper side of the housing (1), and an ultrasonic component (30) being installed between the inner walls of the conical wind hood (8); and An adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism being arranged between the housing (1) and the conical wind hood (8), and the adjusting mechanism being used for deflecting the conical wind hood (8).

2. The intelligent measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism includes a driving component, a limiting component, a sealing component and a direction measuring component. The driving component is arranged between the inner walls of the housing (1), the driving component is connected to the conical wind hood (8), the limiting component is arranged between the inner walls of the housing (1), the limiting component is connected to the driving component, the sealing component is arranged on the top of the housing (1), the limiting component is connected to the driving component, the direction measuring component is arranged at the bottom of the housing (1), and the direction measuring component is connected to the driving component.

3. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component includes a partition plate (2), a hollow rotating column (5), a driven gear (24), a driving gear (25) and a driving motor (26). The partition plate (2) is fixedly connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the housing (1). The hollow rotating column (5) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the housing (1). The two ends of the hollow rotating column (5) extend to the top and bottom of the housing (1), and the hollow rotating column (5) communicates with the conical wind hood (8). The driven gear (24) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column (5). The driven gear (24) is located between the inner walls of the housing (1), and the driven gear (24) is located below the partition plate (2). The driving gear (25) is arranged between the inner walls of the housing (1), and the driving gear (25) is located below the partition plate (2). The driving motor (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (1). The output end of the driving motor (26) extends between the inner walls of the housing (1), and the output end of the driving motor (26) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (25).

4. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a ratchet wheel (27), a ratchet pawl (28) and an electric push rod (29). The ratchet wheel (27) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column (5). The ratchet wheel (27) is located above the partition plate (2). The ratchet pawl (28) is rotatably connected to the top of the partition plate (2). The ratchet pawl (28) is engaged with the ratchet wheel (27). The electric push rod (29) is fixedly connected to the top of the partition plate (2). The output end of the electric push rod (29) is rotatably connected to the ratchet pawl (28).

5. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 4, wherein The sealing assembly includes a hollow frustum (3), a sealing cover (4), a bearing (6), and an annular sealing ring (7). The hollow frustum (3) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column (5), and the hollow frustum (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the housing (1). The sealing cover (4) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the hollow rotating column (5), and the sealing cover (4) wraps the top of the hollow frustum (3). The bearing (6) is installed on the inner wall of the hollow frustum (3), and the bearing (6) is rotatably connected to the hollow rotating column (5). The annular sealing ring (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow frustum (3), and the annular sealing ring (7) is located between the hollow frustum (3) and the sealing cover (4).

6. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The direction-finding assembly includes a turntable (13), an insulating sheet (14), a hollow cover (15), a spherical electrical contact (16), an elastic sleeve (17), a retaining sleeve (18), a spring (19), and a graduated copper strip (32). The turntable (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow rotating column (5). The graduated copper strip (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable (13). The insulating sheet (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable (13), and the insulating sheet (14) is located between the inner walls of the graduated copper strip (32). The hollow cover (15) is sleeved on the outer surfaces of the turntable (13), the graduated copper strip (32), and the insulating sheet (14), and the hollow cover (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (1). The elastic sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cover (15). The spherical electrical contact (16) telescopically moves between the inner walls of the elastic sleeve (17), and the top sphere of the spherical electrical contact (16) is in contact with the graduated copper strip (32). The retaining sleeve (18) is arranged between the spherical electrical contact (16) and the elastic sleeve (17), and the retaining sleeve (18) is fixedly connected to the spherical electrical contact (16). The spring (19) is filled between the spherical electrical contact (16) and the elastic sleeve (17), and the spring (19) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the retaining sleeve (18).

7. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A fixing frame (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow rotating column (5). An integrated terminal (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame (10). A fixed wiring (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the integrated terminal (9), and the extending end of the fixed wiring (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the graduated copper strip (32). A rotating wiring (11) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the integrated terminal (9). The rotating wiring (11) extends between the inner walls of the hollow cover (15), and the extending end of the rotating wiring (11) is fixedly connected to the spherical electrical contact (16).

8. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that A rotating sleeve (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cover (15). A plug rod (21) is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the rotating sleeve (20). A plurality of inner convex teeth (22) are fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the rotating sleeve (20). A plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth (23) are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the plug rod (21), and the plurality of elastic rubber outer convex teeth (23) are located in the gaps between the plurality of inner convex teeth (22).

9. An intelligent measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the conical wind shield (8) is fixedly connected with a wind direction block (31).

10. An intelligent measurement method, characterized in that, Applied to an intelligent measurement device described in claim 9, it includes the following steps: S1. Positioning and installation: Hold the insertion rod (21) by hand, insert the whole intelligent measurement device into the soil, and keep the shell (1) more than 1 meter above the ground. At the same time, hold the insertion rod (21) with one hand and the shell (1) with the other hand, and rotate the shell (1) to drive the rotating sleeve (20) to rotate, so that multiple elastic rubber outer convex teeth (23) rotate between multiple inner convex teeth (22), making the convex end of the shell (1) point to the due south direction, that is, the notch of the scale copper strip (32) is aligned with the due south direction. Then, the whole intelligent measurement device is externally powered to complete the positioning and installation of the intelligent measurement device; S2. Wind direction measurement: In strong wind weather, the drive motor (26) is powered off and stops running. At the same time, the output end of the electric push rod (29) retracts to pull the pawl (28) away from the ratchet wheel (27), releasing the locking of the rotation of the conical wind shield (8). The wind blows on the conical wind shield (8) and the wind direction block (31). The wind blowing from the side of the conical wind shield (8) pushes the conical wind shield (8) to deflect, making the small head end of the conical wind shield (8) point to the oncoming wind direction. At the same time, during the deflection process of the conical wind shield (8), the wind direction block (31) gradually reduces the deflection swing amplitude of the conical wind shield (8) by aligning with the oncoming wind direction, so that the small head end of the conical wind shield (8) accurately tracks the wind direction. The deflection of the conical wind shield (8) drives the turntable (13), the insulating sheet (14) and the scale copper strip (32) to deflect, thereby changing the fitting position between the scale copper strip (32) and the spherical electrical contact (16), changing the length of the micro-current conductor passing through the scale copper strip (32), and then changing the current resistance value flowing in series to the integrated terminal (9). With the input micro-current voltage unchanged, the current is calculated using the Ohm's formula stored in the integrated terminal (9). According to the current value, the wind direction corresponding to the current in the database is matched to achieve the wind direction measurement of the intelligent measurement device; S3. Disturbance compensation: During the wind direction measurement process, during the deflection swing of the conical wind shield (8), the integrated terminal (9) collects the current value changes generated during the swing of the conical wind shield (8) at a measurement frequency of once every 0.02 seconds, statistically calculates the change frequency of the wind direction, calculates the median of the current values, calculates the compensation difference between the median of the current values and the single measurement current value within 1 second before the deflection swing of the conical wind shield (8), establishes a temporary wind direction compensation database through a large number of compensation differences, compensates and increases or decreases the wind direction current pointed by the conical wind shield (8), and then realizes the disturbance compensation of the measured wind direction by the intelligent measurement device; S4. Wind speed measurement: When the small head end of the conical wind cover (8) is aligned with the wind direction, the electric push rod (29) is powered on and started. The output end of the electric push rod (29) pushes the pawl (28) to engage with the ratchet wheel (27), locking the deflection swing of the conical wind cover (8). Air flows between the inner walls of the conical wind cover (8). The transmitting end of the ultrasonic component (30) emits high-frequency infrasound waves to the receiving end of the ultrasonic component (30) at an interval of 0.02 seconds each time. Affected by the flowing air, the high-frequency infrasound waves are used to receive the time difference, calculate the air flow velocity, and then calculate the wind speed to achieve the wind speed measurement of the intelligent measuring device; S5. Concentration measurement: During the wind speed measurement process, a database of infrasound wave reception time differences at different concentrations and wind speeds is stored in the integrated terminal (9), enabling a reference database of wind speed and the corresponding PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations at the time of infrasound wave reception to be established in the storage unit of the integrated terminal (9). The infrasound wave reception time difference generated during the wind speed measurement is compared with the reference database. First, the corresponding PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentration value range is found using the infrasound wave reception time difference, and then the correct PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentration value is selected through the wind speed, achieving the measurement of PM2.5 or other common air pollutant concentrations; S6. Reset and calibration: After the wind direction measurement, wind speed measurement, and concentration measurement, the drive motor (26) is powered on and started. The output end of the drive motor (26) drives the active gear (25) to rotate. The active gear (25) drives the driven gear (24) to rotate through meshing with the driven gear (24), causing the driven gear (24) to drive the hollow rotating column (5) to rotate. Subsequently, the hollow rotating column (5) drives the turntable (13) and the conical wind cover (8) to deflect. The turntable (13) drives the scale copper strip (32) to deflect, enabling the spherical electrical contact (16) to be located between the notches of the scale copper strip (32), achieving the reset and calibration of the small head end of the conical wind cover (8).

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