A regional concrete beam-slab formwork and support system optimization design method

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for optimizing the design of regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support systems. First, the initial database parameter information is set, and the parameter information of the beams and slabs is extracted and preset through the Revit software; an optimization model of the main rib of the beam side formwork is established, the calculated value is compared with the limit value, and the number of supports is dynamically adjusted to meet the specification requirements; the number of horizontal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam is determined, and the spacing between the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam is optimized to ensure that all conditions meet the limit standards; the limit spacing of the vertical bars at the bottom of the slab is set, and the parameters are gradually adjusted to meet the stress value and bearing capacity design requirements. Finally, in the Revit software, based on the concrete beam and slab information and preset information, the optimal formwork configuration data is used to construct a complete formwork and support system. The entire process, from data initialization to specific component optimization, and then to the application of the final results, realizes the automated design and optimization of concrete beam and slab formwork and support systems, significantly improving design efficiency and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of computer-aided architectural design, and specifically relates to a method for overall optimization design of regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support systems, which is used to construct concrete beam and slab formwork and support systems using optimal formwork configuration information, thereby realizing regional automated design and optimization of formwork and support systems. Background Art

[0002] In building construction, the design of concrete beam and slab formwork and support systems is crucial, as their rationality directly impacts construction safety, cost-effectiveness, and project quality. Traditional formwork and support system designs often rely solely on rough estimates of the most unfavorable working conditions. In practice, the parameters for the formwork and support areas of concrete beams and slabs are arbitrarily determined, lacking systematicity and precision. This makes it difficult to precisely control the optimal spacing between primary and secondary ribs and between vertical posts, potentially leading to material waste or the risk of insufficient support. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technology that can systematically and precisely design concrete beam and slab formwork and support systems to improve construction efficiency, ensure safety, and reduce costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to industry product standards, the present invention provides a regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method, using C# to develop an optimization model algorithm to assist in the design of the formwork and support system.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for optimizing the design of a regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0005] S1. Parameter extraction and presetting: Set the initial database parameter information, calculate the materials and dimensions of the concrete beam and slab formwork and supporting components, and obtain the optimal primary and secondary rib spacing and load values based on industry standards; extract the parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs in the target area in Revit software, preliminarily determine the presetting information based on the actual project, and input the parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs in the target area, the presetting information, and the corresponding optimal primary and secondary rib spacing into the result database;

[0006] S2. Optimization of the main ribs of the beam side formwork: Establish an initial optimization model for the main ribs of the beam side formwork, start the calculation, obtain the calculated values, and set limits according to industry standards. If all calculated values are less than the limits, the calculation ends. If any calculated value is greater than the limits, increase the number of supports n1 and repeat the calculation until all calculated values are less than the limits. The calculation ends. Output the number of supports n1 and the support spacing to the result database.

[0007] S3. Optimize the spacing between vertical bars at the bottom of the beam: Take the spacing that ensures that the load on a single vertical bar does not exceed the allowable load as the ultimate spacing b of the vertical bars of the beam, and build a database of the ultimate spacing between vertical bars of the beam. Set the optional range of the spacing a of the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam and select the initial value. Determine the number n2 of horizontal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam based on the relationship between the input a and b values. At the same time, ensure that the slenderness ratio, stress ratio, and load on a single vertical bar at the bottom of the beam meet their respective limit requirements. If any condition is not met, gradually reduce the value a until all conditions are met. Output the value a of the spacing a of the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam and the number n2 of horizontal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam to the result database.

[0008] S4. Optimize the spacing between the vertical posts at the bottom of the slab: Read the vertical post spacing a1 and a2 of the longitudinal posts at the bottom of the support beams in both directions of the target area, set the optional range of the vertical post spacing based on a1 and a2, and select the initial values b1 and b2. Set the stress value of the vertical posts at the bottom of the slab to not exceed the design value of the compressive strength of the posts, and set the load acting on a single post to not exceed the design value of the fastener bearing capacity. If any of the conditions is not met, increase b1 and b2 to the next level and recalculate until all conditions are met. Output the vertical post spacing b1 and b2 to the result database.

[0009] S5. Construction of the optimal formwork and support system: In the target area, the concrete beams and slabs are positioned according to their parameter information, and the formwork and support system of the concrete beams and slabs are constructed in Revit software according to the preset information and the optimal formwork configuration information.

[0010] The specific steps of S1 above are as follows:

[0011] Initial database parameter information is set, and the statistical range covers the size range of concrete beams and slabs. If the selected level is not the set coverage value, the nearest larger offset value is selected as the set value; the statistical range covers common panel thicknesses, primary and secondary rib dimensions, and materials; based on the initial database parameter information and industry standards, the optimal secondary rib spacing is inferred, and then the optimal primary rib spacing is inferred based on the optimal secondary rib spacing, and the load values of the concrete beam and slab formwork panels and primary and secondary ribs are obtained, including the standard values of the constant load FGk1 and live load FQk1 of the main rib of the beam side formwork, and the standard values of the constant load FGk2 and live load FQk2 of the beam bottom vertical bar;

[0012] Extract parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area in Revit software, the parameter information includes the floor height LH, beam section height H, beam section width B, slab thickness h, and beam length L of the target area; preliminarily determine preset information based on actual engineering practice, the preset information includes the step distance bh, the materials and dimensions of the panels, secondary ribs, and primary ribs of the concrete beam and slab formwork in the target area; input the parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area, the preset information, and the corresponding optimal primary and secondary rib spacing into the result database.

[0013] The specific steps of S2 above are as follows:

[0014] The process of establishing the initial beam side form main rib optimization model is as follows: the initial model length lj is the beam section height H minus the plate thickness h, two supports are set, the rod material and size of the initial model are set according to the preset information of the concrete beam side form main rib material and size, the constraint condition is hinged, and the support spacing is the spacing of the tension bolts; in terms of load application, the initial model is subjected to concentrated loads, and the concentrated load spacing refers to the optimal secondary rib spacing s of the beam side form in the initial database. The standard value of the concentrated load includes the constant load standard of the beam side form main rib. The standard value FGk1 and the standard value FQk1 of the live load are used. When the initial model length lj is divisible by the optimal secondary rib spacing s, the number of load application points d is lj / s, and the first concentrated load position is s / 2 away from the support, and then it is arranged every s. If the initial model length lj is not divisible by the optimal secondary rib spacing s, the number of load application points d is the integer part of lj / s plus 1, and the first concentrated load position is located at (lj-s×(d-1)) / 2 away from the support, and then it is arranged every s.

[0015] After starting the calculation mode, the calculated values of the initial model are obtained, which include the ratio of the bending moment value M to the section resistance moment value W and the deflection value f. The limit values are set according to industry specifications and standards, and the limit values include the stress limit value fa and the deflection limit value v. The calculated values are compared with the limit values. If both are less than the limit values, the calculation is terminated; if any calculated value exceeds the limit value, the number of supports n1 is increased, and the calculation is repeated until all calculated values meet the limit requirements. Finally, the number of supports n1 and the support spacing, that is, the tension bolt spacing lj / (n1-1), are output and stored in the result database.

[0016] The specific steps of the above S3 are as follows:

[0017] The gravity load of the beam is calculated based on the concrete beam cross-section height H, width B, and concrete density. The gravity load of the slab is calculated based on the slab thickness h and concrete density. The gravity load of the vertical pole is calculated based on the floor height LH and the weight of the vertical pole per linear meter. The load values for construction personnel and equipment are specified in accordance with industry standards. The above load values are accumulated to obtain the load acting on a single vertical pole of the beam. The spacing that does not exceed the allowable load of a single vertical pole is taken as the maximum vertical pole spacing b of the beam. A database of the maximum vertical pole spacing of the beam is constructed. By sequentially reading the beam height H, beam width B, floor height LH, and step distance bh, the maximum vertical pole spacing b of the corresponding beam can be determined.

[0018] Set the optional range of the longitudinal vertical pole spacing a, and use the maximum value of the optional range as the initial value; substitute the beam section height H, width B, longitudinal vertical pole spacing a, and floor height LH into the beam bottom vertical pole spacing calculation method, and calculate step by step according to the set rules; the beam bottom vertical pole spacing calculation method is as follows: first, according to the relationship between the longitudinal vertical pole spacing a and the vertical pole limit spacing b, determine the number of transverse vertical poles n2 at the bottom of the beam, when a is greater than b, set two transverse vertical poles, and set one in other cases; secondly, determine the vertical pole slenderness ratio according to the size of the beam bottom vertical pole and industry specifications, and determine the standard value of the constant load FGk2 and the standard value of the live load FQk2 of the beam bottom vertical pole. The load action value of the bottom column of the beam is determined, and the stress value of the column is determined according to the ratio of the load action value of the bottom column of the beam to the cross-sectional area of the column. The slenderness ratio of the column, the load action value of the bottom column of the beam and the stress value of the column are all calculated values. At the same time, the limit values are set according to the industry specifications and standards. The limit values include the allowable slenderness ratio of the column, the design value of the bearing capacity of the adjustable support and the design value of the compressive strength of the column. The calculated values should not exceed the limit values. If any condition is not met, the spacing a of the longitudinal columns at the bottom of the beam is reduced and recalculated until all conditions are met. Finally, the spacing a of the longitudinal columns at the bottom of the beam and the number n2 of the transverse columns at the bottom of the beam that meet the criteria are output and stored in the result database.

[0019] The specific steps of the above S4 are as follows:

[0020] Read the longitudinal vertical bar spacings a1 and a2 of the support beams in both directions of the target area slab respectively. When the longitudinal vertical bar spacings of the support beams in one direction of the slab are different, compare the two longitudinal vertical bar spacings and select the smaller value for matching optimization. Set the optional range of the slab bottom vertical bar spacing. The optional range is graded from large to small with a modulus of 0.15m. In addition to the conventional graded values, values that are integer multiples of the longitudinal vertical bar spacing are also selected. The maximum value in the optional range is used as the initial slab bottom vertical bar spacings b1 and b2.

[0021] The beam height H, beam width B, slab thickness h, floor height LH, and step distance bh of the support beams in both directions of the target area are substituted into the calculation method for the load acting on a single vertical pole at the bottom of the slab for calculation; the stress value of the vertical pole at the bottom of the slab is determined based on the ratio of the load acting on a single vertical pole of the slab to the cross-sectional area of the vertical pole, and the design value of the vertical pole compressive strength and the design value of the fastener bearing capacity are set according to industry specifications and standards; the stress value of the vertical pole at the bottom of the slab is set to be no greater than the design value of the vertical pole compressive strength, and the load acting on a single vertical pole of the slab is set to be no greater than the design value of the fastener bearing capacity. If any of the conditions is not met, b1 and b2 are incremented to the next level and recalculated until all conditions are met; finally, the vertical pole spacings b1 and b2 that meet the criteria are output and stored in the result database.

[0022] The specific steps of the above S5 are as follows:

[0023] The previous calculation results are used as parameter information of the result database, and the parameter information of the result database includes parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area, preset information preliminarily determined based on actual engineering practice, and optimal formwork configuration information obtained through the above steps, wherein the parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area includes the floor height LH, beam section height H, beam section width B, slab thickness h, and beam length L of the selected area; the preset information preliminarily determined based on actual engineering practice includes step distance bh, thickness of concrete beam and slab formwork panels, and material and size information of secondary and primary ribs; the optimal formwork configuration information includes optimal primary and secondary rib spacing of concrete beam and slab formwork, number n1 of supports and tension bolt spacing lj / (n1-1) of beam side formwork, number n2 of transverse uprights at the bottom of the beam, spacing a of longitudinal uprights at the bottom of the beam, and spacing b1 and b2 of uprights at the bottom of the slab;

[0024] In the initial area where the formwork and support are to be set up, positioning is performed according to the concrete beam and slab information parameters. Based on the preset information and optimal formwork configuration information, the formwork and support system of the concrete beam and slab are constructed in the Revit software.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. Through scientific calculation and analysis, unnecessary material waste is reduced, construction costs are lowered, and resource utilization is improved, bringing significant economic benefits to the project.

[0027] 2. This method provides precise optimal parameters for the automated modeling process, ensuring that the generated model achieves an optimal balance between structural safety, stability, and economic efficiency. This significantly improves design efficiency, reduces the time and cost of manual trial and error, and makes the design process more efficient and scientific. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The main rib entity model of the beam side formwork and the initial main rib optimization model of the beam side formwork established in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a beam bottom upright spacing optimization model established in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the optimization model for the spacing between uprights at the bottom of a slab established in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1. Initial beam side form main rib optimization model support; 2. Beam side form main rib; 3. Beam side form secondary rib; 4. Tension bolts; 5. Initial beam side form main rib optimization model concentrated load; 6. Beam bottom transverse vertical column; 7. Beam bottom longitudinal; 8. Beam bottom transverse. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, it is intended to select a certain area of concrete beams and slabs in Revit to automatically establish a formwork and support system, and further describe the regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method provided by the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the design of a regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system, including:

[0036] S1. Parameter extraction and presetting: Set the initial database parameter information, calculate the materials and dimensions of the concrete beam and slab formwork and supporting components, and obtain the optimal primary and secondary rib spacing and load values based on industry standards; extract the parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs in the target area in Revit software, preliminarily determine the presetting information based on the actual project, and input the parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs in the target area, the presetting information, and the corresponding optimal primary and secondary rib spacing into the result database;

[0037] The specific implementation of the above operation is as follows:

[0038] The initial database parameter information is set, and the statistical range covers the size range of concrete beams and slabs. The size range of concrete beams is set at 100mm intervals from 400mm to 1800mm. When the selected level is not the set coverage value, the nearest larger offset value is selected as the set value; the statistical range covers commonly used panel thicknesses, which are set to 12mm and 14mm respectively. The statistical range covers commonly used secondary rib sizes and materials, which are set to 50mm×70mm wood, 50mm×80mm wood and 50mm×100mm wood respectively. The statistical range covers commonly used main rib sizes and materials, and the cross-sectional area is set to steel pipes with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3mm, and No. 10 I-beams. According to the initial database parameter information and industry specifications and standards, the optimal secondary rib spacing is inferred, and then the optimal main rib spacing is inferred based on the optimal secondary rib spacing, and the formwork panels and main and secondary rib load values of concrete beams and slabs are obtained. Among them, the constant load standard value FGk1 and live load standard value FQk1 of the main rib 2 of the beam side formwork, and the constant load standard value FGk2 and live load standard value FQk2 of the beam bottom vertical column.

[0039] The parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs in the target area is extracted in the Revit software. The parameter information includes the floor height LH of the target area is 3m, the beam section height H is 1.3m, the beam section width B is 0.5m, the slab thickness h is 0.2m, and the beam length L is 3m. The preset information is preliminarily determined based on the actual project. The preset information includes the step distance bh is 1.25m, and the materials and sizes of the panels, secondary ribs, and primary ribs of the concrete beam and slab formwork in the target area. The parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs in the target area, the preset information, and the corresponding optimal primary and secondary rib spacing are input into the result database.

[0040] S2. Optimization of the main ribs of the beam side formwork: Establish an initial optimization model for the main ribs of the beam side formwork, start the calculation, obtain the calculated values, and set limits according to industry standards. If all calculated values are less than the limits, terminate the calculation. If any calculated value is greater than the limits, increment the number of supports n1 in the optimization model of the main ribs of the initial beam side formwork and repeat the calculation until all calculated values are less than the limits. Output the number of supports n1 and the support spacing in the optimization model of the main ribs of the initial beam side formwork to the result database.

[0041] The specific implementation of the above operation is as follows:

[0042] The process for establishing the initial beam side formwork main rib optimization model is as follows: The initial model length lj is the beam section height H minus the plate thickness h, and the initial model length lj is 1.1m. Two initial beam side form main rib optimization model supports 1 are set. The concrete beam side form main rib 2 is made of circular steel tube with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3mm. The constraint condition is set to hinged using I_LT_SUPPORT. The spacing between the initial beam side form main rib optimization model supports 1 is the spacing of the tension bolts 4. Regarding load application, the initial model receives the initial beam side form main rib optimization model concentrated load 5 transmitted by the beam side form secondary rib 3. The initial beam side form main rib optimization model concentrated load 5 is applied using I_LRT_NODE_FORCE. The initial beam side form main rib optimization model concentrated load 5 spacing is based on the optimal secondary rib spacing s of 0.2m in the initial database. The standard values of the dead load FGk1 and live load FQk1 for the beam side form main rib 2 are 3.8kN and 0.33kN, respectively. The number of load application points d is 6. The first concentrated load 5 of the initial beam side form main rib optimization model is located 0.05m away from the support 1 of the initial beam side form main rib optimization model, and then it is arranged in sequence every 0.2m.

[0043] After starting the calculation mode using robApp.Project.CalcEngine, the calculated values of the initial model are obtained. The calculated values include the ratio of the bending moment value M to the section resistance moment value W and the deflection value f. Limits are set according to industry standards. The limit values include the stress limit fa and the deflection limit v. The calculated values are compared with the limits. If both are less than the limits, the calculation is terminated. If any calculated value exceeds the limit, the number n1 of the optimized model supports of the main ribs of the initial beam side formwork is increased, and the calculation is repeated until all calculated values meet the limit requirements. The number n1 of the optimized model supports of the main ribs of the initial beam side formwork is output as 3, and the spacing lj / (n1-1) of the tension bolts 4 is 0.55m, and the values are stored in the result database.

[0044] S3. Optimize the spacing between vertical bars at the bottom of the beam: Take the spacing that ensures that the load on a single vertical bar does not exceed the allowable load as the ultimate spacing b of the vertical bars of the beam, and build a database of the ultimate spacing between vertical bars of the beam. Set the optional range of the spacing a of the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam and select an initial value. Determine the number of transverse vertical bars 6 at the bottom of the beam based on the relationship between the input a and b values. At the same time, ensure that the slenderness ratio, stress ratio, and load on a single vertical bar of the beam bottom meet their respective limit requirements. If any condition is not met, gradually reduce the value of a until all conditions are met, and output the value of the spacing a of the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam to the result database.

[0045] The specific implementation of the above operation is as follows:

[0046] According to the concrete beam section height H of 1.3m, width B of 0.5m, floor height LH of 3m and vertical pole spacing bh of 1.25m, the beam vertical pole limit spacing b is retrieved from the beam vertical pole limit spacing database as 1.8m.

[0047] The optional range of the longitudinal vertical pole spacing a at the bottom of the beam is set to 0.3m to 1.5m, with each interval of 150mm as a level, and the maximum value of the optional range, i.e. 1.5m, is used as the initial longitudinal vertical pole spacing.

[0048] The calculation method of the spacing between the bottom beam posts is as follows: First, since the spacing a between the longitudinal posts at the bottom beam is 1.5m, which is smaller than the maximum spacing b between the posts of 1.8m, a transverse post 6 is provided at the bottom beam; the transverse post 6 is arranged along the transverse direction 8 of the bottom beam; secondly, the size of the bottom beam post is a round steel tube with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3mm. The slenderness ratio of the post is determined to be 172 in combination with industry specifications and standards. According to the standard value of the constant load FGk2 of the bottom beam post of 12.44kN and the standard value of the live load FQk2 of 0.9kN, the load action value of the bottom beam post is determined to be 17.52kN. According to the ratio of the load action value of the bottom beam post to the cross-sectional area of the post, the stress value of the post is determined to be 362.7N / mm 2 The vertical column slenderness ratio, the vertical column load value at the bottom of the beam, and the vertical column stress value are all calculated values. At the same time, the limits of these parameters are set according to industry specifications and standards. The limits include the allowable vertical column slenderness ratio, the design value of the adjustable support bearing capacity, and the design value of the vertical column compressive strength. The set calculated values should not exceed the set limits. Since the vertical column stress value exceeds the design value of the compressive strength of the steel material, which is 206N / mm 2 , then reduce the longitudinal vertical bar spacing a at the bottom of the beam and recalculate until all conditions are met. When the a value is 750mm, all conditions are met. Finally, the longitudinal vertical bar spacing a value of 750mm and the horizontal vertical bar 6 at the bottom of the beam that meet the criteria are output and stored in the result database.

[0049] S4. Optimize the spacing between the bottom vertical posts of the slab: Read the spacing between the longitudinal vertical posts a1 and a2 of the supporting beams in both directions of the target area, set the optional range of the spacing between the bottom vertical posts based on a1 and a2, and select the initial values b1 and b2; set the stress value of the bottom vertical posts to not exceed the design value of the vertical post compressive strength and the load acting on a single vertical post to not exceed the design value of the fastener bearing capacity. If any condition is not met, increase b1 and b2 to the next level and recalculate until all conditions are met, and output the spacing between the bottom vertical posts b1 and b2 to the result database.

[0050] The specific implementation of the above operation is as follows:

[0051] The longitudinal vertical bar spacings a1 and a2 of the support beams in both directions of the target area are read as 0.6m and 0.9m, respectively. The vertical bar spacing options for the slab bottom are set to 0.6m, 0.75m, 0.9m, 1.05m, 1.2m, 1.35m, 1.5m, and 1.8m. The initial vertical bar spacing for both directions is 1.8m.

[0052] The stress value of the slab's bottom vertical rods is determined based on the ratio of the load acting on a single vertical rod to its cross-sectional area. The design values for the vertical rod compressive strength and fastener bearing capacity are set according to industry standards. The stress value of the slab's bottom vertical rods is set to no greater than the allowable stress value, and the load acting on a single vertical rod is set to no greater than the fastener bearing capacity design value. If either condition is not met, b1 and b2 are incremented to the next level using currentIndex++ and recalculated until all conditions are met. The final longitudinal vertical rod spacings b1 and b2 that meet this criterion are output as 1.2m and 0.9m, respectively, and stored in the corresponding locations in the result database.

[0053] S5. Construction of the optimal formwork and support system: In the target area, the concrete beams and slabs are positioned according to their information, and the formwork and support system of the concrete beams and slabs are constructed in Revit software according to the preset information and the optimal formwork configuration information.

[0054] The specific implementation of the above operation is as follows:

[0055] The previous calculation results are used as parameter information of the result database, and the result database parameter information includes parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area, preset information preliminarily determined in combination with actual engineering practice, and optimal formwork configuration information obtained through the above steps, wherein the parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area includes the floor height LH, beam section height H, beam section width B, slab thickness h, and beam length L of the selected area; the preset information preliminarily determined in combination with actual engineering practice includes step distance bh, thickness of concrete beam and slab formwork panels, material and size information of secondary and primary ribs; the optimal formwork configuration information includes optimal primary and secondary rib spacing of concrete beam and slab formwork, number n1 of optimized model supports of the primary rib of the initial beam side formwork and spacing lj / (n1-1) of tension bolts 4, number n2 of 6 transverse uprights at the bottom of the beam, spacing a of longitudinal uprights at the bottom of the beam, and spacing b1 and b2 of uprights at the bottom of the slab;

[0056] In the initial area where the formwork and support are to be set up, positioning is carried out according to the parameter information of the concrete beams and slabs. Based on the preset information and the optimal formwork configuration information, the formwork and support system of the concrete beams and slabs are constructed in the Revit software.

[0057] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention or any person skilled in the art who can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method, characterized in that: include: S1. Parameter extraction and presetting: Set the initial database parameter information, calculate the materials and dimensions of the concrete beam and slab formwork and supporting components, and obtain the optimal primary and secondary rib spacing and load values according to industry standards; Extract parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area in Revit software, preliminarily determine preset information based on actual project conditions, and input parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area, preset information, and corresponding optimal primary and secondary rib spacing into the result database; S2. Optimization of the main ribs of the beam side formwork: Establish an initial optimization model for the main ribs of the beam side formwork, start the calculation, obtain the calculated values, and set limits according to industry standards. If all calculated values are less than the limits, the calculation ends. If any calculated value is greater than the limits, increase the number of supports n1 and repeat the calculation until all calculated values are less than the limits. The calculation ends. Output the number of supports n1 and the support spacing to the result database. S3. Optimize the spacing between vertical bars at the bottom of the beam: Take the spacing that ensures that the load on a single vertical bar does not exceed the allowable load as the ultimate spacing b of the vertical bars of the beam, and build a database of the ultimate spacing between vertical bars of the beam. Set the optional range of the spacing a of the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam and select the initial value. Determine the number n2 of horizontal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam based on the relationship between the input a and b values. At the same time, ensure that the slenderness ratio, stress ratio, and load on a single vertical bar at the bottom of the beam meet their respective limit requirements. If any condition is not met, gradually reduce the value a until all conditions are met. Output the value a of the spacing a of the longitudinal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam and the number n2 of horizontal vertical bars at the bottom of the beam to the result database. S4. Optimize the spacing between the vertical posts at the bottom of the slab: Read the vertical post spacing a1 and a2 of the longitudinal posts at the bottom of the support beams in both directions of the target area, set the optional range of the vertical post spacing based on a1 and a2, and select the initial values b1 and b2. Set the stress value of the vertical posts at the bottom of the slab to not exceed the design value of the compressive strength of the posts, and set the load acting on a single post to not exceed the design value of the fastener bearing capacity. If any of the conditions is not met, increase b1 and b2 to the next level and recalculate until all conditions are met. Output the vertical post spacing b1 and b2 to the result database. S5. Construction of the optimal formwork and support system: In the target area, the concrete beams and slabs are positioned according to their parameter information, and the formwork and support system of the concrete beams and slabs are constructed in Revit software according to the preset information and the optimal formwork configuration information.

2. A regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of S1 are as follows: Set the initial database parameter information. The statistical range covers the size range of concrete beams and slabs. When the selected level is not the set coverage value, the nearest larger offset value is selected as the set value. The statistical range covers panel thickness, primary and secondary flute sizes and materials. Based on the initial database parameter information and industry standards, the optimal secondary-rib spacing is inferred, and then the optimal primary-rib spacing is inferred based on the optimal secondary-rib spacing. The load values of the concrete beam and slab formwork panels and primary and secondary ribs are obtained, including the standard values of the constant load FGk1 and live load FQk1 of the main ribs of the beam side formwork, and the standard values of the constant load FGk2 and live load FQk2 of the beam bottom vertical pole; Extract parameter information of concrete beams and slabs in the target area in Revit software, including the target area's floor height LH, beam section height H, beam section width B, slab thickness h, and beam length L; preliminarily determine preset information based on actual project conditions, including the step distance bh, and the materials and dimensions of the face plates, secondary ribs, and primary ribs of the target area's concrete beams and slab formwork; Input the parameter information, preset information and corresponding optimal primary and secondary rib spacing of concrete beams and slabs in the target area into the result database.

3. A regional concrete beam-slab formwork and support system optimization design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of S2 are as follows: The process of establishing the initial beam side formwork main rib optimization model is as follows: the initial model length lj is the beam section height H minus the plate thickness h, two supports are set, the initial model's member materials and dimensions are based on the preset information of the concrete beam side formwork main rib material and dimensions, the constraint condition is hinged, and the support spacing is the spacing of the tension bolts; in terms of load application, the initial model is subjected to concentrated loads, and the concentrated load spacing refers to the optimal secondary rib spacing s of the beam side formwork in the initial database. The concentrated load standard values include the standard value of the constant load FGk1 and the standard value of the live load FQk1 of the beam side formwork main rib; When the initial model length lj is divisible by the optimal secondary rib spacing s of the beam side formwork, the number of load application points d is lj / s, with the first concentrated load position located at a distance of s / 2 from the support, followed by load application points every s. If the initial model length lj is not divisible by the optimal secondary rib spacing s, the number of load application points d is the integer part of lj / s plus 1, with the first concentrated load position located at a distance of (lj-s×(d-1)) / 2 from the support, followed by load application points every s. After starting the calculation mode, the calculated values of the initial model are obtained, which include the ratio of the bending moment value M to the section resistance moment value W and the deflection value f. The limit values are set according to industry specifications and standards, and the limit values include the stress limit value fa and the deflection limit value v. The calculated values are compared with the limit values. If the calculated values are all less than the limit values, the calculation is terminated; if any calculated value exceeds the limit value, the number of supports n1 is increased, and the calculation is repeated until all calculated values meet the limit requirements. Finally, the number of supports n1 and the tension bolt spacing lj / (n1-1) are output and stored in the result database.

4. A regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps for S3 are as follows: The gravity load of the beam is calculated based on the concrete beam section height H, the beam section width B, and the concrete density. The gravity load of the slab is calculated based on the slab thickness h and the concrete density. The gravity load of the vertical pole is calculated based on the floor height LH and the weight of the vertical pole per linear meter. The load of construction personnel and equipment is specified in accordance with industry standards. The gravity load of the beam, the gravity load of the slab, the gravity load of the vertical pole, and the load of construction personnel and equipment are accumulated to obtain the load acting on a single vertical pole of the beam. The spacing that does not exceed the allowable load of a single vertical pole is taken as the maximum spacing b of the vertical poles of the beam. A database of the maximum spacing of vertical poles of the beam is constructed. The maximum spacing b of the vertical poles of the corresponding beam can be determined by sequentially reading the beam height H, beam width B, floor height LH, and step distance bh. Set the optional range of the longitudinal vertical pole spacing a at the bottom of the beam, and use the maximum value of the optional range as the initial value; substitute the beam section height H, width B, longitudinal vertical pole spacing a, and floor height LH into the beam bottom vertical pole spacing calculation method, and calculate step by step according to the set rules; the beam bottom vertical pole spacing calculation method is as follows: first, according to the relationship between the longitudinal vertical pole spacing a at the bottom of the beam and the vertical pole limit spacing b, determine the number of transverse vertical poles n2 at the bottom of the beam, when a is greater than b, set two transverse vertical poles, and set one in other cases; secondly, determine the vertical pole slenderness ratio according to the size of the beam bottom vertical pole and industry specifications and standards, and the standard value of the dead load FGk2 and the standard value of the live load FQk of the beam bottom vertical pole 2. Determine the load value of the bottom column of the beam, and determine the stress value of the column based on the ratio of the load value of the bottom column of the beam to the cross-sectional area of the column. The column slenderness ratio, the load value of the bottom column of the beam, and the stress value of the column are all calculated values. At the same time, limit values are set according to industry specifications and standards. The limit values include the allowable slenderness ratio of the column, the design value of the bearing capacity of the adjustable support, and the design value of the compressive strength of the column. The calculated values should not exceed the limit values. If any condition is not met, the longitudinal column spacing a at the bottom of the beam is reduced and recalculated until all conditions are met. Finally, the longitudinal column spacing a at the bottom of the beam and the number of transverse columns n2 at the bottom of the beam that meet the criteria are output and stored in the result database.

5. A regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps of S4 are as follows: Read the longitudinal vertical bar spacings a1 and a2 of the support beams in both directions of the target area slab respectively. When the longitudinal vertical bar spacings of the support beams in one direction of the slab are different, compare the two longitudinal vertical bar spacings and select the smaller value for matching optimization. Set the optional range of the slab bottom vertical bar spacing. The optional range is graded from large to small with a modulus of 0.15m. In addition to the conventional graded values, values that are integer multiples of the longitudinal vertical bar spacing are also selected. The maximum value in the optional range is used as the initial slab bottom vertical bar spacings b1 and b2. Substitute the beam height H, beam width B, slab thickness h, floor height LH, and step distance bh of the support beams in both directions of the target area into the calculation method of the load acting on a single vertical pole at the bottom of the slab for calculation; determine the stress value of the vertical pole at the bottom of the slab based on the ratio of the load acting on a single vertical pole of the slab to the cross-sectional area of the vertical pole, and set the design value of the vertical pole compressive strength and the design value of the fastener bearing capacity according to industry specifications and standards; set the stress value of the vertical pole at the bottom of the slab to be no greater than the design value of the vertical pole compressive strength, and set the load acting on a single vertical pole of the slab to be no greater than the design value of the fastener bearing capacity. If any of the conditions is not met, increase b1 and b2 in sequence to the next level and recalculate until all conditions are met and the calculation ends; output the spacing b1 and b2 of the vertical poles at the bottom of the slab and store them in the result database.

6. A regional concrete beam and slab formwork and support system optimization design method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of S5 are as follows: The resulting database parameter information includes the target area's concrete beam and slab parameter information, pre-determined preset information based on actual project conditions, and optimal formwork configuration information. The target area's concrete beam and slab parameter information includes the target area's floor height LH, beam section height H, beam section width B, slab thickness h, and beam length L. The pre-determined preset information based on actual project conditions includes the step distance bh, concrete beam and slab formwork panel thickness, and the materials and dimensions of the secondary and primary ribs. The optimal formwork configuration information includes the optimal primary and secondary rib spacing for concrete beam and slab formwork, the number of supports n1 and support spacing (i.e., the tension bolt spacing lj / (n1-1)) for the beam side formwork, the number n2 of transverse uprights at the beam bottom, the spacing a of longitudinal uprights at the beam bottom, and the spacing b1 and b2 of uprights at the slab bottom. In the initial area where the formwork and support are to be set up, positioning is carried out according to the concrete beam and slab information. Based on the preset information and optimal formwork configuration information, the formwork and support system of the concrete beam and slab are constructed in the Revit software.

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