Environment-friendly high-temperature-resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-temperature-resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable, which relates to the technical field of cables and comprises an insulated conductor layer, and a cabling belting layer, a silicon rubber inner sheath, a braid layer and a silicon rubber outer sheath are sequentially arranged outside an insulated conductor; the insulated conductor comprises a copper conductor formed by twisting a plurality of strands of copper wires, and a fluoroplastic insulating layer arranged outside the copper conductor; the fluoroplastic insulating layer is a fluoroplastic insulating material and is formed by polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether under the action of an emulsifier, and the emulsifier is a perfluoropolyether compound. According to the invention, tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether are polymerized under the action of the perfluoropolyether compound, and the perfluoropolyether compound is used as an emulsifier, so that the potential harm of a traditional surfactant to the environment and organisms is effectively avoided, and the degradation process follows a free radical degradation mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to an environmentally friendly, high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable. Background Art

[0002] Fluoroplastic insulated cable refers to wire and cable insulated with fluoroplastics, which have excellent weather resistance, heat resistance, small friction coefficient, stable chemical properties, and good electrical insulation properties. In the production of wires and cables, commonly used fluoroplastics include polytetrafluoroethylene, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA), polyperfluoroethylene propylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene copolymers, etc., among which soluble polytetrafluoroethylene is widely used due to its excellent high temperature resistance and melt processing characteristics. Fluoroplastic is generally prepared by copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene with perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether, and adding an emulsifier for concentration treatment, and finally forming a material with a translucent appearance.

[0003] However, the traditional emulsifiers perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) used in its preparation are difficult to decompose under natural conditions, have strong bioaccumulation and environmental persistence, and have adverse effects on the environment, organisms and human health, and have been banned internationally. Therefore, in order to further improve the environmental performance and high temperature resistance of fluoroplastic cables, it has become an important issue to be solved urgently to develop new fluoroplastic materials that are both environmentally friendly and green and have excellent high temperature resistance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable that replaces traditional perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and avoids the potential harm of traditional surfactants to the environment and organisms.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] Provided is an environmentally friendly, high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable, comprising an insulating conductor layer, a cable wrapping tape layer, a silicone rubber inner sheath, a braided layer and a silicone rubber outer sheath are sequentially arranged outside the insulating conductor; the insulating conductor comprises a copper conductor formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires, and a fluoroplastic insulating layer arranged outside the copper conductor; the fluoroplastic insulating layer is a fluoroplastic insulating material, formed by polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether under the action of an emulsifier, and the emulsifier is a perfluoropolyether compound.

[0007] Furthermore, the fluoroplastic insulating material includes the following components, in parts by mass:

[0008] 30 - 35 parts of tetrafluoroethylene, 60 - 70 parts of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether, 5 - 7 parts of buffer, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier, 1 - 1.5 parts of chain transfer agent, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of sulfuration point monomer, 0.5 - 1 part of initiator, 3 - 5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 2 - 3 parts of stabilizer, 5 - 10 parts of filler, 8 - 15 parts of carbon black.

[0009] The present invention also provides a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulating material, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0010] S1: Uniformly disperse the perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier into deionized water to obtain an emulsifier solution, and ultrasonically disperse tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether into the emulsifier solution to obtain a mixture;

[0011] S2: Under vacuum conditions, add the buffer and the chain transfer agent to the mixture, and stir and react at 60 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h to obtain a reactant;

[0012] S3: Keep the temperature stable at 80 °C, add the initiator and the sulfuration point monomer to the reactant, and carry out a polymerization reaction under a constant temperature condition to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene;

[0013] S4: Add dimethyl silicone oil, stabilizer, filler and carbon black to the polytetrafluoroethylene, and knead evenly under the condition of 160 - 185 °C to obtain the fluoroplastic insulating material.

[0014] Further, the perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier is one or a mixture of any proportions of perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether and perfluorobutyl vinyl ether.

[0015] Further, the buffer is phosphate buffer solution or carbonate buffer solution.

[0016] Further, the chain transfer agent is dodecafluoro-1,6-diiodohexane.

[0017] Further, the sulfuration point monomer is 2-bromotetrafluoroethyl trifluorovinyl ether.

[0018] Further, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide or dicumyl peroxide.

[0019] Further, the stabilizer is a compound prepared by compounding calcium zinc stabilizer, calcium stearate, pentaerythritol, xylitol, mannitol and phosphite in a ratio of 2:5:1:1:1:1.

[0020] Further, the filler is one or a mixture of any proportions of graphene, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and alumina.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The present invention is prepared by polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether under the action of perfluoropolyether compounds. The use of perfluoropolyether compounds as emulsifiers effectively avoids the potential hazards of traditional surfactants to the environment and organisms, and its degradation process follows the free radical degradation mechanism.

[0023] And a sulfurized point monomer is doped during the preparation process. The sulfurized point monomer can copolymerize with the copolymer in a random manner, which not only helps to improve the curing performance of the polymer, but also can generate a high molecular weight polymer through random copolymerization, thereby forming a stable oxidation network structure. This network structure has good corrosion resistance and thermal stability, making it suitable for applications that require chemical resistance and high temperature stability.

[0024] The new fluoroplastic insulation material provided by the present invention can not only improve the environmental friendliness of fluoroplastics, but also improve the high temperature resistance of the material, meet the increasingly stringent environmental protection and high temperature application requirements, and promote the sustainable development of the wire and cable industry. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an environmentally friendly and high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable;

[0026] Among them, 1. Copper conductor, 2. Fluoroplastic insulation layer, 3. Stranded cable tape layer, 4. Silicone rubber inner sheath, 5. Braided layer, 6. Silicone rubber outer sheath. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The following describes the detailed embodiments of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art of the present technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the detailed embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The following steps are used to prepare an environmentally friendly and high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable:

[0030] S1: Accurately weigh 0.5 - 1.5 parts of perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier, add it to deionized water and stir well to make it evenly mixed, obtaining an emulsifier aqueous solution. The mass ratio of the perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier to water is 1:5. Then, weigh 30 - 35 parts of tetrafluoroethylene and 60 - 70 parts of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether respectively and add them to the previously prepared emulsifier aqueous solution in turn. Perform ultrasonic treatment at room temperature in the inner lining of the reaction kettle for 30 min to finally obtain a mixed solution. Specifically in implementation, the perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier is a mixture of one or more of perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether, and perfluorobutyl vinyl ether in any proportion.

[0031] S2: Conduct a vacuum treatment on the activated reaction kettle and its connected gas and liquid pipelines until the oxygen concentration drops below the experimental requirements. Use negative pressure to add 5 - 7 parts of buffer agent and 1 - 1.5 parts of dodecafluoro-1,6-diiodohexane prepared in advance into the reaction kettle, stir and heat for 1.5 - 2 h to obtain a reactant. Among them, replace the reaction kettle with the reaction mixed gas more than twice, set the rotation speed to 500 - 600 rpm, the temperature to 60 - 80 °C, and the pressure to 1.5 - 2.0 MPa; specifically in implementation, the buffer agent is phosphate buffer solution or carbonate buffer solution.

[0032] S3: When the liquid temperature in the reaction kettle is stable at 80 °C, use a diaphragm pump to press the pre-proportioned reaction gas into the reaction kettle and precisely control the reaction pressure to 1.5 MPa. Then, inject 0.5 - 1.5 parts of 2-bromotetrafluoroethyl trifluorovinyl ether and 0.5 - 1 part of initiator into the reaction kettle in turn through a peristaltic pump for polymerization reaction for 2 - 3 h to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene; specifically in implementation, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, or diisopropylbenzene peroxide.

[0033] S4: Weigh the above-prepared polytetrafluoroethylene, 3 - 5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 2 - 3 parts of stabilizer, 5 - 10 parts of filler, and 8 - 15 parts of carbon black and add them to a mixer for kneading for 15 - 20 min, and then extrude and shape through an extruder and cool to obtain an environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant insulating material; specifically in implementation, the stabilizer is a compound of calcium-zinc stabilizer, calcium stearate, pentaerythritol, xylitol, mannitol, and phosphite ester in a ratio of 2:5:1:1:1:1. The filler is a mixture of one or more of graphene, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide in any proportion.

[0034] S5: Extrude the environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant insulating material prepared in S4 onto the surface of the copper conductor 1 at 160 - 185°C through an extruder to form a fluoroplastic insulating layer 2, and then sequentially coat and arrange a cable wrapping tape layer 3, a silicone rubber inner sheath 4, a braided layer 5, and a silicone rubber outer sheath 6 from the inside to the outside to obtain the environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable as shown in Figure 1 the following figure.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether is used as the emulsifier for perfluoropolyether compounds. A 0.2 mol / L sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is used as the buffer, a 0.1 mol / L ammonium persulfate solution is used as the initiator, calcium carbonate is used as the filler, and the environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant insulating material is prepared by the method of Example 1. Multiple groups of different raw material ratios are set, and the parameters of the remaining steps are the same. And setting the replacement of the perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier with the conventional emulsifiers perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid PFOS as the comparative examples. The specific raw material ratios are shown in Table 1 below.

[0037] Table 1

[0038]

[0039] Among them, the unit of each raw material in Table 1 is parts by mass.

[0040] Perform performance tests on the environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant insulating material prepared according to the ratios in Table 1. The test equipment includes a tensile testing machine SC-8000, an oxygen index tester PX01005, a thermogravimetric analyzer TGA101, and a hydrohalic acid gas release testing machine AUTO-SXLH. Among them, the tensile strength and elongation at break refer to GB / T 1040.1 - 2018, the oxygen index refers to GB / T 2406.2 - 2009, the decomposition temperature refers to GB / T 31850 - 2015, and the fluorine content refers to GB / T 17650.1 - 2021. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0041] Table 2

[0042]

[0043] As can be seen from Table 2, the environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant insulating material prepared by using the ratio and preparation method of the present invention has better tensile strength, elongation at break, and oxygen index. Compared with the use of existing conventional emulsifiers, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and oxygen index are all enhanced. And the technology provided by the present invention has a higher decomposition temperature, can improve the high-temperature resistance ability on the basis of improving the tensile strength, elongation at break, and oxygen index, and reduces the fluorine content, which can reduce the release of fluorine during use and contribute to environmental protection.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable, characterized in that, It includes an insulated conductor layer, and successively arranged outside the insulated conductor are a cabling tape layer, a silicone rubber inner sheath, a braided layer, and a silicone rubber outer sheath; the insulated conductor includes a copper conductor formed by stranding multiple copper wires, and a fluoroplastic insulation layer provided outside the copper conductor; the fluoroplastic insulation layer is made of fluoroplastic insulation material, which is polymerized from tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether under the action of an emulsifier, and the emulsifier is a perfluoropolyether compound.

2. The environmentally friendly high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulated cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluoroplastic insulation material includes the following components, in parts by mass: 30 - 35 parts of tetrafluoroethylene, 60 - 70 parts of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether, 5 - 7 parts of buffer, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier, 1 - 1.5 parts of chain transfer agent, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of vulcanization point monomer, 0.5 - 1 part of initiator, 3 - 5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 2 - 3 parts of stabilizer, 5 - 10 parts of filler, 8 - 15 parts of carbon black.

3. Preparation method of an environmentally friendly and high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic insulation material, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1: Disperse the perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier evenly into deionized water to obtain an emulsifier solution, and ultrasonically disperse tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether into the emulsifier solution to obtain a mixture; S2: Under vacuum conditions, add the buffer and the chain transfer agent to the mixture, and stir and react at 60 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h to obtain a reaction product; S3: Keep the temperature stable at 80 °C, add the initiator and the vulcanization point monomer to the reaction product, and carry out a polymerization reaction under a constant temperature condition to obtain polytetrafluoroethylene; S4: Add dimethyl silicone oil, stabilizer, filler, and carbon black to the polytetrafluoroethylene, and knead evenly at 160 - 185 °C to obtain the fluoroplastic insulation material.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The perfluoropolyether compound emulsifier is one or a mixture of any proportions of perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluoroethyl vinyl ether, and perfluorobutyl vinyl ether.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer is phosphate buffer solution or carbonate buffer solution.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The chain transfer agent is dodecafluoro - 1,6 - diiodohexane.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vulcanization point monomer is 2 - bromotetrafluoroethyl trifluorovinyl ether.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The initiator is ammonium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, or dicumyl peroxide.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The stabilizer is a compound prepared by compounding calcium - zinc stabilizer, calcium stearate, pentaerythritol, xylitol, mannitol, and phosphite in a ratio of 2∶5∶1∶1∶1∶1.

10. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filler is one or a mixture of any proportions of graphene, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, talc powder, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide.

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