Large water-cooled transformer and cooling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a large water-cooled transformer and a cooling method thereof, and relates to the technical field of transformers, the large water-cooled transformer comprises a transformer body and a cooling tower, a heat exchange chamber is arranged at the bottom of the transformer body, and an S-shaped pipe is arranged in the heat exchange chamber. The main body structure comprises the transformer body and the cooling tower, the composite cooling assembly is arranged in the cooling tower, the coiled pipe arranged at the bottom of the transformer body brings heat of hydraulic oil into the spiral pipe in the cooling tower, and on one hand, rainwater is sprayed to the outer wall of the spiral pipe through the composite cooling assembly; water takes away a large amount of heat when making contact with the pipe wall, efficient cooling is achieved through the high specific heat capacity of the water, and the cooling device is especially suitable for rainy seasons or humid environments and is energy-saving and environment-friendly; on the other hand, cold air is pumped to the position close to the spiral pipe, air flow is formed, surface heat exchange is enhanced, and water cooling and air cooling act on the spiral pipe at the same time; forced convection and cooling water film collaborative cooling are formed, the heat exchange rate is greatly increased, and therefore long-term stable operation of the transformer is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and particularly to a large water-cooled transformer and its cooling method. Background Art

[0002] A transformer is an electrical device used for voltage transformation, widely applied in the power system to achieve the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. It mainly consists of an iron core and windings, and works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. During operation, a transformer generates a large amount of heat, and effective heat dissipation is required to ensure safe and stable operation. Common oil-immersed transformers are filled with insulating hydraulic oil, and the oil circulates internally to carry the heat generated by the windings and iron core to the external heat dissipation fins, and dissipates heat through natural or forced air cooling methods, thereby achieving temperature control and equipment protection.

[0003] Ordinary transformers generate less heat during operation. The heat is conducted to the heat dissipation fins through hydraulic oil, and natural air cooling or forced air cooling can meet the heat dissipation requirements. In the prior art, for large transformers, they have high loads and large amounts of heat generation. The traditional heat dissipation method of hydraulic oil and heat dissipation fins is difficult to quickly and effectively discharge the internal heat. Especially in high-temperature environments or continuous heavy-load working conditions, the heat dissipation efficiency is significantly insufficient, easily leading to excessive temperatures, which in turn affect the insulation performance, operation stability, and service life of the transformer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the prior art, for large transformers, they have high loads and large amounts of heat generation, and the traditional heat dissipation method of hydraulic oil and heat dissipation fins is difficult to quickly and effectively discharge the internal heat. Especially in high-temperature environments or continuous heavy-load working conditions, the heat dissipation efficiency is significantly insufficient, easily leading to excessive temperatures, which in turn affect the insulation performance, operation stability, and service life of the transformer, and to propose a large water-cooled transformer and its cooling method.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A large water-cooled transformer includes a transformer body and a cooling tower. A heat exchange chamber is arranged at the bottom of the transformer body, and an S-shaped pipe is arranged inside the heat exchange chamber. The cooling water flowing through the S-shaped pipe exchanges heat with the transformer oil inside the heat exchange chamber.

[0007] A spiral pipe is arranged vertically inside the cooling tower. The spiral pipe is connected to the S-shaped pipe through a top connection pipe and a bottom connection pump to form a loop. A composite cooling component is arranged on the cooling tower. The composite cooling component sprays rainwater onto the outer wall of the spiral pipe and at the same time guides cold air to the vicinity of the spiral pipe.

[0008] A rain-collecting hopper is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the transformer body. Water inlet holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower inside the rain-collecting hopper cavity. Rainwater inside the rain-collecting hopper flows into the cooling tower through the water inlet holes. A bottom ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cooling tower through a docking column. The gap between the top of the bottom ring and the bottom of the cooling tower serves as the air intake channel of the cooling tower;

[0009] A water-collecting hopper is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bottom ring. A composite filtering component is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower. The composite filtering component intercepts garbage in rainwater and dust in the air; A composite back-blowing component is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower. The composite back-blowing component regularly blows high-pressure gas into the holes of the composite filtering component.

[0010] Optionally, the composite cooling component includes an air extraction fan, a water-blocking paper tray, and a spray ring. The spray ring is fixedly arranged on the inner cavity wall of the cooling tower. A horizontal rod is fixedly arranged on the side of the spray ring. A circulating water pump is fixedly arranged on the top of the horizontal rod. The water outlet end of the circulating water pump is fixedly communicated with the spray ring. The water inlet end of the circulating water pump is fixedly provided with a vertical pipe.

[0011] Optionally, an air-collecting hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the cooling tower. A rain-shielding cap is arranged on the top of the air-collecting hopper. A horizontal frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the air-collecting hopper. An air extraction fan is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the horizontal frame. A water-blocking paper tray is fixedly arranged below the air extraction fan in the air-collecting hopper.

[0012] Optionally, the composite filtering component includes a top sealing ring, a top blocking ring, a bottom sealing ring, a switching air cylinder, and a horizontal U-shaped rod. A sewage-collecting hopper is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water-collecting hopper. A switching air cylinder is vertically fixedly arranged inside the sewage-collecting hopper. The output end of the switching air cylinder is fixedly provided with a horizontal U-shaped rod. A top blocking ring is fixedly arranged on the top of the horizontal U-shaped rod.

[0013] Optionally, a top sealing ring is fixedly arranged on the top of the top blocking ring. The side wall of the top blocking ring is arranged as an inclined surface. Water blocking holes are equidistantly arranged on the inclined surface of the top blocking ring. The top sealing ring is movably inserted into the rain-collecting hopper. A bottom sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the horizontal U-shaped rod. The bottom sealing ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the cooling tower. Ash blocking holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom sealing ring.

[0014] Optionally, the composite back-blowing component includes a first back-blowing ring, a second back-blowing ring, a common pipe, and an air source supply component. An annular groove is opened below the water inlet hole in the cooling tower. The first back-blowing ring is fixedly arranged inside the annular groove. The second back-blowing ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the bottom ring. Back-blowing holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer walls of the first back-blowing ring and the second back-blowing ring. One end of the first back-blowing ring is fixedly communicated with one end of the common pipe. The other end of the second back-blowing ring is fixedly communicated with the other end of the common pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the air source supply assembly includes a buffer air pump, a gas storage balloon, and a gas supply hose. The intake end of the buffer air pump is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the cooling tower. The outlet end of the buffer air pump is fixedly communicated with the gas storage balloon. A one-way valve is arranged at the outlet end of the buffer air pump.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the gas supply hose is fixedly communicated with the common pipe, and an automatic release assembly is arranged at the other end of the gas supply hose. When the composite filter assembly performs backwashing, the automatic release assembly automatically supplies high-pressure gas to the composite backwashing assembly.

[0017] Optionally, the automatic release assembly includes a release pipe, a fixed cylinder, and a driven column. One end of the driven column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top retaining ring, and the other end of the driven column is fixedly connected to the side of the release pipe.

[0018] Optionally, the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the gas storage balloon. The release pipe extends into the fixed cylinder, and a release hole is arranged on the side of the fixed cylinder.

[0019] Optionally, one end of the S-shaped pipe is fixedly communicated with the water inlet end of the bottom connection pump. The water outlet end of the bottom connection pump is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the spiral pipe. The top end of the spiral pipe is fixedly communicated with one end of the top connection pipe, and the other end of the top connection pipe is fixedly communicated with the S-shaped pipe.

[0020] A cooling method for a large water-cooled transformer includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. The composite cooling assembly works. When the cooling water flows through the disc-shaped pipe, it takes away the heat of the hydraulic oil. When the cooling water flows through the spiral pipe, it exchanges heat with the composite cooling assembly. The composite filter assembly intercepts the garbage in the rainwater and the dust carried by the air entering the cooling tower.

[0022] S2. The composite filter assembly moves down along the outer wall of the cooling tower. The automatic release assembly supplies high-pressure gas to the composite backwashing assembly. The cooling tower stops rainwater and cooling air from entering. Through the composite backwashing assembly, the garbage and dust intercepted by the composite filter assembly are blown away.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The main structure of the present invention includes a transformer body and a cooling tower. A composite cooling component is arranged inside the cooling tower. The disk-shaped pipe arranged at the bottom of the transformer body transfers the heat of the hydraulic oil into the spiral pipe inside the cooling tower. The composite cooling component sprays rainwater onto the outer wall of the spiral pipe on the one hand. When water contacts the pipe wall, a large amount of heat is carried away, and high specific heat capacity of water is utilized to achieve efficient cooling, which is especially suitable for rainy seasons or humid environments, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. On the other hand, by pumping cold air to the vicinity of the spiral pipe, air flow is formed to enhance surface heat transfer. Water cooling and air cooling act on the spiral pipe simultaneously, forming forced convection and a cooling water film to cooperate in cooling, greatly improving the heat transfer rate, avoiding overheating of the hydraulic oil, and thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the transformer.

[0025] 2. A rain collecting hopper is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower of the present invention. The rain collecting hopper guides rainwater into the cooling tower. An air intake passage is arranged at the bottom of the cooling tower to allow cooling air to enter the cooling tower. A composite filtering component is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower. The composite filtering component prevents garbage in rainwater or dust in the cooling gas from being introduced into the cooling tower, preventing these pollutants from entering the cooling tower and blocking the spraying system or adhering to the heat exchange pipe wall, reducing the cooling efficiency or even causing failures.

[0026] 3. A composite back-blowing component is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower of the present invention. The composite filtering component can be periodically moved to the outer wall of the composite back-blowing component. The back-blowing air flow automatically blows off pollutants such as dust and leaves accumulated on the surface of the filter screen, eliminating the need for manual disassembly or cleaning, greatly improving the maintenance efficiency. Regular automatic cleaning can keep the composite filtering component always in good permeability, avoiding poor water intake or air intake of the cooling tower due to reduced filtering ability, thus ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the rainwater utilization and air heat exchange processes. The automated cleaning process reduces the frequency of manual maintenance. Especially in the operation scenario of large transformers, it can reduce the downtime and labor costs.

[0027] 4. One of the composite back-blowing components of the present invention is an air source supply component, and one of the air source supply components is an automatic release component. When the cooling tower is performing transformer cooling work, the air source supply component caches a certain amount of clean gas. When the composite filtering component moves to the position of the composite back-blowing component, the automatic release component obtains high-pressure air source from the air source supply component and supplies it to the composite back-blowing component. The air source supply component caches a certain amount of clean gas to avoid the reaction lag that may be caused by temporarily starting the air pump. Once the filtering component moves to the back-blowing position, the automatic release component immediately starts high-pressure gas back-blowing to ensure rapid ash cleaning action, sufficient pressure, and reliable cleaning effect. In addition, the automatic release component adopts a pure mechanical structure, which can accurately identify the position and release high-pressure air source without relying on the electric control system, avoiding back-blowing failure caused by electrical faults, control errors or external interference, improving the stability and safety of the overall cooling system, and being especially suitable for transformer sites that are unattended for a long time under high voltage, outdoor or harsh environments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling tower and its connecting parts.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling tower with the rain collecting hopper removed.

[0032] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the structure with the composite backwashing assembly removed.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a front view semi-sectional structural view of the cooling tower.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural view of the composite filtration assembly.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a front view semi-sectional schematic diagram of the top retaining ring.

[0036] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the composite backwashing assembly and the gas source supply assembly.

[0037] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic gas supply assembly.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Transformer body; 2. Heat exchange chamber; 3. S-shaped pipe; 4. Top connection pipe; 5. Pollutant collecting hopper; 6. Bottom connection pump; 7. Rain collecting hopper; 8. Rain shielding cap; 9. Air collecting hopper; 10. Water inlet hole; 11. Cooling tower; 110. Annular groove; 111. Accommodating groove; 12. Docking column; 13. Bottom ring; 14. Water collecting hopper; 141. Make-up water valve; 142. Liquid level sensor; 15. Horizontal frame; 16. Circulating water pump; 17. Horizontal rod; 18. Vertical pipe; 19. Spiral pipe; 20. Air extraction fan; 21. Water retaining paper tray; 22. Spraying ring; 221. Spraying pipe; 23. Top sealing ring; 24. Water retaining hole; 25. Top retaining ring; 26. Horizontal U-shaped rod; 27. Switching cylinder; 28. Driven column; 29. Bottom sealing ring; 291. Ash retaining hole; 30. Buffer air pump; 31. Check valve; 32. Gas storage balloon; 33. Release pipe; 34. Gas supply hose; 35. Common pipe; 351. First backwashing ring; 352. Second backwashing ring; 36. Fixed cylinder; 361. Release hole. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0041] Refer to Figure 1-10 , a large water-cooled transformer and its cooling method, including a transformer body 1 and a cooling tower 11. A heat exchange chamber 2 is provided at the bottom of the transformer body 1. An S-shaped pipe 3 is provided inside the heat exchange chamber 2. The heat exchange chamber 2 is filled with transformer oil. The cooling water flowing through the S-shaped pipe 3 exchanges heat with the transformer oil inside the heat exchange chamber 2.

[0042] A spiral pipe 19 is provided vertically inside the cooling tower 11. The spiral pipe 19 is connected to the S-shaped pipe 3 through a top connection pipe 4 and a bottom connection pump 6 to form a loop. One end of the S-shaped pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the water inlet end of the bottom connection pump 6. The water outlet end of the bottom connection pump 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spiral pipe 19. The top end of the spiral pipe 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the top connection pipe 4. The other end of the top connection pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the S-shaped pipe 3. A composite cooling component is provided on the cooling tower 11. The composite cooling component sprays rainwater onto the outer wall of the spiral pipe 19 and at the same time guides cold air to the vicinity of the spiral pipe 19. A gas collecting hopper 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the cooling tower 11. A rain shield 8 is provided on the top of the gas collecting hopper 9 to prevent unfiltered rainwater from entering the inside of the cooling tower 11. The rain shield 8 includes a cap body and columns. Columns are symmetrically provided at the bottom of the cap body. The columns are fixedly provided on the top of the gas collecting hopper 9, so that the gas collecting hopper 9 can exhaust gas normally.

[0043] A horizontal frame 15 is fixedly provided on the top of the gas collecting hopper 9. An air extraction fan 20 is fixedly provided at the middle position of the horizontal frame 15. A water blocking paper tray 21 is fixedly provided below the air extraction fan 20 in the gas collecting hopper 9. The water blocking paper tray 21 is honeycomb-shaped to intercept as many droplets discharged from the top of the gas collecting hopper 9 as possible and save water resources. When enough droplets are adsorbed on the bottom of the water blocking paper tray 21, the droplets will fall back to the bottom of the cooling tower 11 due to gravity. The rotation direction of the air extraction fan 20 needs to be set appropriately. When the air extraction fan 20 rotates, it will draw the air inside the cooling tower 11 away from the gas collecting hopper 9.

[0044] A rain collecting hopper 7 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the transformer body 1. Water inlet holes 10 are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower 11 inside the cavity of the rain collecting hopper 7. The rainwater inside the rain collecting hopper 7 flows into the inside of the cooling tower 11 through the water inlet holes 10. A bottom ring 13 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cooling tower 11 through a docking column 12. There are three docking columns 12 in total. The gap between the top of the bottom ring 13 and the bottom of the cooling tower 11 serves as the air inlet channel of the cooling tower 11.

[0045] A water collecting hopper 14 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bottom ring 13. The composite cooling assembly includes an air extraction fan 20, a water blocking paper tray 21, and a spray ring 22. The spray ring 22 is fixedly arranged on the inner cavity wall of the cooling tower 11. A horizontal rod 17 is fixedly arranged on the side of the spray ring 22. A circulating water pump 16 is fixedly arranged at the top of the horizontal rod 17. The water outlet end of the circulating water pump 16 is fixedly communicated with the spray ring 22. A vertical pipe 18 is fixedly arranged at the water inlet end of the circulating water pump 16. The bottom of the vertical pipe 18 extends into the bottommost part of the inner cavity of the water collecting hopper 14.

[0046] The circulating water pump 16 pumps the rainwater inside the water collecting hopper 14 to the spray ring 22 through the vertical pipe 18. The spray ring 22 is a hollow pipe, and the openings of the spray pipes 221 arranged in a circular array at the bottom of the spray ring 22 are inclined downward. The diameter of the spray pipes 221 is set to be small, and the rainwater is sprayed onto the outer wall of the spiral pipe 19. A water replenishing valve 141 and a liquid level sensor 142 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the side of the water collecting hopper 14. The water replenishing valve 141 is connected to the urban water supply system. When the liquid level sensor 142 senses that the liquid level inside the water collecting hopper 14 is insufficient, the water replenishing valve 141 is opened to pump water into the water collecting hopper 14 to ensure that there is enough spray water inside the water collecting hopper 14 during the dry season.

[0047] A composite filtering assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower 11. The composite filtering assembly intercepts the garbage in the rainwater and the dust in the air. The composite filtering assembly includes a top sealing ring 23, a top intercepting ring 25, a bottom sealing ring 29, a switching cylinder 27, and a horizontal U-shaped rod 26. A sewage collecting hopper 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water collecting hopper 14. A switching cylinder 27 is vertically fixedly arranged inside the sewage collecting hopper 5. The output end of the switching cylinder 27 is fixedly provided with a horizontal U-shaped rod 26. A top intercepting ring 25 is fixedly arranged at the top of the horizontal U-shaped rod 26. A top sealing ring 23 is fixedly arranged at the top of the top intercepting ring 25. The side wall of the top intercepting ring 25 is set as an inclined surface. When the top intercepting ring 25 is moved away from the inner wall of the rain collecting hopper 7, the inclined surface is arranged to facilitate the large garbage intercepted by the inclined surface of the top intercepting ring 25 to automatically fall into the top of the sewage collecting hopper 5 due to gravity, avoiding the large garbage staying on the top of the inclined surface due to insufficient air pressure of the composite backwashing assembly.

[0048] The top retaining ring 25 is provided with water retaining holes 24 at equal distances on the inclined surface. The water retaining holes 24 include a horizontal section and an inclined section. The horizontal section of the water retaining hole 24 is aligned and communicated with one end of the water inlet hole 10. The top sealing ring 23 is movably inserted into the rain collecting hopper 7. The bottom of the horizontal U-shaped rod 26 is fixedly provided with a bottom sealing ring 29. The bottom sealing ring 29 is sleeved on the outer wall of the cooling tower 11. The outer wall of the bottom sealing ring 29 is provided with ash retaining holes 291 at equal distances. A composite back-blowing assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower 11, and the composite back-blowing assembly regularly blows high-pressure gas into the holes of the composite filtering assembly.

[0049] The composite back-blowing assembly includes a first back-blowing ring 351, a second back-blowing ring 352, a common pipe 35 and a gas source supply assembly. The cooling tower 11 is provided with an annular groove 110 below the water inlet hole 10. The first back-blowing ring 351 is fixedly arranged inside the annular groove 110. The cooling tower 11 is provided with a receiving groove 111 at the bottom of the annular groove 110. The receiving groove 111 is used to receive the common pipe 35. The second back-blowing ring 352 is sleeved on the outer wall of the bottom ring 13. At this time, the outer wall of the second back-blowing ring 352 is flush with the outer wall of the cooling tower 11. The outer walls of the first back-blowing ring 351 and the second back-blowing ring 352 are provided with back-blowing holes at equal distances. The bottom of the first back-blowing ring 351 is fixedly communicated with one end of the common pipe 35. The bottom of the second back-blowing ring 352 is fixedly communicated with the other end of the common pipe 35.

[0050] The gas source supply assembly includes a buffer air pump 30, a gas storage balloon 32 and a gas supply hose 34. The air inlet end of the buffer air pump 30 is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the cooling tower 11. The air outlet end of the buffer air pump 30 is fixedly communicated with the gas storage balloon 32. A one-way valve 31 is arranged at the air outlet end of the buffer air pump 30. The one-way flow direction of the gas inside the one-way valve 31 needs to be set appropriately. The buffer air pump 30 can only blow gas into the gas storage balloon 32. One end of the gas supply hose 34 is fixedly communicated with the common pipe 35.

[0051] The other end of the gas supply hose 34 is provided with an automatic release assembly. The automatic release assembly automatically supplies high-pressure gas to the composite back-blowing assembly when the composite filtering assembly is back-blown. The automatic release assembly includes a release pipe 33, a fixed cylinder 36 and a driven column 28. One end of the driven column 28 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top retaining ring 25. The other end of the driven column 28 is fixedly connected to the side of the release pipe 33. The fixed cylinder 36 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the gas storage balloon 32. The release pipe 33 extends into the fixed cylinder 36. A release hole 361 is arranged on the side of the fixed cylinder 36. The top of the release pipe 33 is provided with an opening. When the release pipe 33 moves up to the limit position, the release pipe 33 is not communicated with the release hole 361.

[0052] The specific implementation steps and principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0053] When the entire cooling tower 11 is operating normally for cooling, the bottom connection pump 6 starts to circulate the cooling water inside the S-shaped pipe 3 and the spiral pipe 19. The cooling water flows through the S-shaped pipe 3 and exchanges heat with the transformer oil inside the heat exchange chamber 2. The cooling water carries the heat into the spiral pipe 19 inside the cooling tower 11. Rainwater enters the water collecting hopper 14 through the rain collecting hopper 7 and the water inlet hole 10. Garbage is intercepted by the water blocking hole 24 and the water inlet hole 10. The ash blocking hole 291 is located on the outer side wall of the gap between the bottom of the cooling tower 11 and the top of the bottom ring 13, intercepting the dust carried by the air entering the cooling tower 11.

[0054] The circulating water pump 16 pumps the clean rainwater to the spray ring 22 through the vertical pipe 18. The spray ring 22 sprays water onto the outer wall of the spiral pipe 19 through the spray pipes 221. At the same time, the air extraction fan 20 installed on the top of the air collecting hopper 9 sucks the cold air into the cooling tower 11 from the gap between the bottom of the cooling tower 11 and the top of the bottom ring 13 and discharges it from the top of the air collecting hopper 9. The buffer air pump 30 obtains clean air from inside the cooling tower 11. At this time, the top of the release pipe 33 is closed by the top of the fixed cylinder 36, and the air supply hose 34 is not connected to the air storage balloon 32.

[0055] When the switching cylinder 27 is started, the switching cylinder 27 retracts, the top sealing ring 23 moves downward to close the water inlet hole 10, the bottom sealing ring 29 moves to the gap between the bottom of the cooling tower 11 and the top of the bottom ring 13. At the same time, the top blocking ring 25 moves downward to the bottom of the rain collecting hopper 7. The first back-blowing ring 351 is located on the inner wall of the top blocking ring 25, and the second back-blowing ring 352 is located on the inner wall of the ash blocking hole 291 provided on the bottom sealing ring 29. At this time, the release pipe 33 moves downward to a certain position driven by the driven column 28. At this time, the gas inside the air storage balloon 32 is supplied with high-pressure gas to the first back-blowing ring 351 and the second back-blowing ring 352 through the release hole 361, the release pipe 33, the air supply hose 34, and the common pipe 35, for back-blowing the ash blocking hole 291 and the water blocking hole 24.

[0056] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large water-cooled transformer, comprising a transformer body and a cooling tower, characterized in that, A heat exchange chamber is provided at the bottom of the transformer body. An S-shaped pipe is arranged inside the heat exchange chamber, and the cooling water flowing through the S-shaped pipe exchanges heat with the transformer oil inside the heat exchange chamber; A spiral pipe is arranged vertically inside the cooling tower. The spiral pipe is connected to the S-shaped pipe through a top connection pipe and a bottom connection pump to form a loop. A composite cooling component is arranged on the cooling tower. The composite cooling component sprays rainwater onto the outer wall of the spiral pipe and at the same time diverts cold air to the vicinity of the spiral pipe; A rain collecting hopper is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the transformer body. Water inlet holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower located inside the rain collecting hopper cavity. The rainwater inside the rain collecting hopper flows into the cooling tower through the water inlet holes. The bottom of the cooling tower is fixedly provided with a bottom ring through a docking column. The gap between the top of the bottom ring and the bottom of the cooling tower serves as the air intake channel of the cooling tower; A water collecting hopper is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bottom ring. A composite filtering component is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower. The composite filtering component intercepts the garbage in the rainwater and the dust in the air; A composite air blowing component is arranged on the outer wall of the cooling tower. The composite air blowing component regularly blows high-pressure gas into the holes of the composite filtering component.

2. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite cooling component includes an air extraction fan, a water blocking paper tray, and a spray ring. The spray ring is fixedly arranged on the inner cavity wall of the cooling tower. A horizontal rod is fixedly arranged on the side of the spray ring. A circulating water pump is fixedly arranged on the top of the horizontal rod. The water outlet end of the circulating water pump is fixedly communicated with the spray ring. The water inlet end of the circulating water pump is fixedly provided with a vertical pipe.

3. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the cooling tower is fixedly connected with an air collecting hopper. A rain shielding cap is arranged on the top of the air collecting hopper. A horizontal frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the air collecting hopper. An air extraction fan is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the horizontal frame. A water blocking paper tray is fixedly arranged below the air extraction fan in the air collecting hopper.

4. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite filtering component includes a closed ring, a top blocking ring, a bottom sealing ring, a switching air cylinder, and a horizontal U-shaped rod. A sewage collecting hopper is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water collecting hopper. A switching air cylinder is vertically fixedly arranged inside the sewage collecting hopper. The output end of the switching air cylinder is fixedly provided with a horizontal U-shaped rod. A top blocking ring is fixedly arranged on the top of the horizontal U-shaped rod.

5. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, A top sealing ring is fixedly arranged on the top of the top blocking ring. The side wall of the top blocking ring is set as an inclined surface. Water blocking holes are equidistantly arranged on the inclined surface of the top blocking ring. The top sealing ring is movably inserted into the rain collecting hopper. A bottom sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the horizontal U-shaped rod. The bottom sealing ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the cooling tower. Ash blocking holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom sealing ring.

6. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite air blowing component includes a first air blowing ring, a second air blowing ring, a common pipe, and an air source supply component. An annular groove is opened below the water inlet hole on the cooling tower. The first air blowing ring is fixedly arranged inside the annular groove. The second air blowing ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the bottom ring. Air blowing holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer walls of the first air blowing ring and the second air blowing ring. One end of the first air blowing ring is fixedly communicated with one end of the common pipe. The other end of the second air blowing ring is fixedly communicated with the other end of the common pipe.

7. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air source supply component includes a buffer air pump, a gas storage balloon, and an air supply hose. The air inlet end of the buffer air pump is fixedly communicated with the inner cavity of the cooling tower. The air outlet end of the buffer air pump is fixedly communicated with the gas storage balloon. A one-way valve is arranged at the air outlet end of the buffer air pump.

8. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the air supply hose is fixedly communicated with the common pipe, and an automatic release assembly is arranged at the other end of the air supply hose. When the composite filtering assembly performs backwashing, the automatic release assembly automatically supplies high-pressure gas to the composite backwashing assembly.

9. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The automatic release assembly includes a release pipe, a fixed cylinder, and a driven column. One end of the driven column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the top retaining ring, and the other end of the driven column is fixedly connected to the side of the release pipe.

10. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the air storage balloon. The release pipe extends into the fixed cylinder, and a release hole is arranged on the side of the fixed cylinder.

11. A large water-cooled transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the S-shaped pipe is fixedly communicated with the water inlet end of the bottom connection pump, the water outlet end of the bottom connection pump is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the spiral pipe, the top end of the spiral pipe is fixedly communicated with one end of the top connection pipe, and the other end of the top connection pipe is fixedly communicated with the S-shaped pipe.

12. A cooling method for a large water-cooled transformer, which is used for a large water-cooled transformer described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1, the composite cooling assembly works. When the cooling water flows through the disc-shaped pipe, it takes away the heat of the hydraulic oil. When the cooling water flows through the spiral pipe, it exchanges heat with the composite cooling assembly. The composite filtering assembly intercepts the garbage in the rainwater and the dust carried by the air entering the cooling tower. S2, the composite filtering assembly moves down along the outer wall of the cooling tower, and the automatic release assembly supplies high-pressure gas to the composite backwashing assembly. The cooling tower stops the entry of rainwater and cooling air. Through the composite backwashing assembly, the garbage and dust intercepted by the composite filtering assembly are blown away.

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