Electric control lightning arrester disconnector based on current monitoring triggering

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric control lightning arrester disconnector based on current monitoring triggering. The disconnector comprises an energy taking module, a power management module, a lightning arrester monitoring module and a disengagement action module. The energy taking module is used for supplying power to other modules; the power management module is electrically connected with the energy taking module and is used for storing and managing the electric energy of the energy taking module; the lightning arrester monitoring module is electrically connected with the power management module, and is used for monitoring the leakage current of the lightning arrester in real time and sending an action instruction to the separation action module; the separation action module is electrically connected with the lightning arrester monitoring module and is used for disconnecting a low-voltage end connecting wire of the lightning arrester according to the action instruction so as to separate from the lightning arrester; the technical problem that an existing disconnector is low in response speed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of arrester disconnectors, and relates to an electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the power industry, extra-high voltage and ultra-high voltage AC transmission lines are becoming increasingly important in the power grid structure, and their stable operation is directly related to the safety and reliability of the entire power system. As a key device for protecting transmission lines from lightning strikes and switching overvoltages, the performance of arresters and the reliability of their accessories are particularly important. The disconnector, as an important safety isolation device during arrester failures, can quickly act when the arrester fails, isolate the faulty part, prevent the expansion of accidents, and at the same time provide an obvious indication for maintenance personnel to discover and handle in a timely manner, thereby effectively reducing the maintenance burden and improving the overall safety management level of the power grid.

[0003] However, in current power grid practices, especially for disconnectors applied in 10 - 35 kV distribution network AC overhead lines, they generally face problems of insufficient performance. These disconnectors often cannot accurately and quickly respond to the fault state of arresters, with high rates of refusal to operate (i.e., failure to act in a timely manner during a fault) and misoperation (wrong action under non-fault conditions), seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Especially in ultra-high voltage lines such as 750 kV, the performance requirements for disconnectors are more stringent, and existing technologies are difficult to meet the rapid and reliable disconnection requirements during the failure of gapless zinc oxide arresters.

[0004] Existing disconnectors are mainly divided into two categories: hot-melt type and thermal explosion type. Their working principles are both based on the voltage and current changes in the arrester circuit, which cause the internal components of the disconnector to heat up, accumulate energy until the action threshold is reached, and achieve fusing or explosive disconnection. Although this design principle is intuitive and easy to understand, it exposes defects such as slow response speed, high material requirements, and instability susceptible to external factors in practical applications. Especially in extreme climate conditions, such as high temperature, humidity, or strong electromagnetic field environments, the performance of the disconnector may further decline, increasing the risks of refusal to operate and misoperation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to solve the technical problem of slow response speed of disconnectors in the existing technology, and provide an electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions: The invention provides an electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring, including an energy extraction module, a power management module, an arrester monitoring module, and a disconnection action module; The energy extraction module is used to supply power to other modules; The power management module is electrically connected to the energy harvesting module and is used to store and manage the electrical energy of the energy harvesting module; The arrester monitoring module is electrically connected to the power management module and is used to monitor the leakage current of the arrester in real time and send an action instruction to the disconnection action module; The disconnection action module is electrically connected to the arrester monitoring module and is used to disconnect the connecting wire at the low-voltage end of the arrester according to the action instruction so as to disconnect the arrester.

[0007] Further, the energy harvesting module includes an energy acquisition unit and a self-energy harvesting unit; both the energy acquisition unit and the self-energy harvesting unit are electrically connected to the power management module; the energy acquisition unit converts other energy into electrical energy; the self-energy harvesting unit collects the leakage current of the arrester and converts the leakage current of the arrester into direct current.

[0008] Further, the energy acquisition unit uses a solar panel.

[0009] Further, the self-energy harvesting unit is connected to the arrester.

[0010] Further, the power management module includes an energy storage unit and a protection control unit; the energy storage unit and the protection control unit are electrically connected; the protection control unit is respectively connected to the energy harvesting module and the arrester monitoring module; after the protection control unit stabilizes the voltage of the electrical energy of the energy harvesting unit, it controls the energy storage unit to store or release energy to supply power to the arrester monitoring module.

[0011] Further, the arrester monitoring module includes a current recording and wave unit, a waveform judgment unit and a signal generating unit; The current recording and wave unit monitors and records the leakage current of the arrester and inputs the monitored current waveform data into the waveform judgment unit; the waveform judgment unit makes a disconnection action judgment based on the monitored current waveform data and sends a disconnection instruction to the disconnection action module.

[0012] Further, the current recording and wave unit is electrically connected to the arrester.

[0013] Further, the disconnection action module includes an explosion disconnection unit and a signal receiving unit; After the signal receiving unit receives the disconnection instruction from the arrester monitoring module, it controls the explosion disconnection unit to realize the disconnection of the arrester.

[0014] Further, the explosion disconnection unit includes an explosion bolt and a buckle; the buckle fixedly connects the explosion bolt to the connecting wire at the low-voltage end of the arrester.

[0015] Further, the signal receiving unit is provided with a verification unit, and the verification unit is used to verify the disconnection instruction of the arrester monitoring module.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses an electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring. By integrating an energy harvesting module, a power management module, an arrester monitoring module, and a disconnection action module, it realizes the intelligent monitoring and autonomous disconnection function of the arrester state. The arrester monitoring module can monitor the leakage current of the arrester in real time. Through accurate current monitoring, it can timely detect the fault omen of the arrester, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of early warning. This real-time monitoring ability effectively improves the safety and stability of the power system, and reduces equipment damage and power outages caused by arrester failure. When the arrester monitoring module detects an abnormal situation and sends an action instruction, the disconnection action module can quickly respond and automatically disconnect the grounding wire connection at the low-voltage end of the arrester, enabling the arrester to safely disconnect from the power system. This process does not require manual intervention, greatly shortening the fault response time, reducing the maintenance cost, and improving the self-protection ability of the power grid. The energy harvesting module provides stable power for other modules. Combined with the power management module, it realizes the storage and efficient management of electrical energy, without the need for external power supply access, improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. The disconnector of the present invention has a flexible design, is applicable to arresters of various specifications, as well as arresters working on high-voltage level lines, and is easy to install and maintain. The modular design enables the failure of a single module not to affect the operation of the entire system, facilitating quick location and repair.

[0017] Furthermore, the energy acquisition unit can convert other forms of energy (such as renewable energy like solar energy, wind energy, etc.) into electrical energy to provide auxiliary or backup power for the entire disconnector system. This diversified energy supply method enhances the energy self-sufficiency ability of the system, reduces the dependence on a single energy source, and improves the stability and reliability of the system. The self-energy harvesting unit innovatively collects the leakage current of the arrester and converts it into direct current to power the system. This design not only realizes the reuse of energy, but also reduces the dependence on external power supplies, reduces energy consumption and operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, since the leakage current is inevitably generated during the normal operation of the arrester, the self-energy harvesting unit can continuously and stably supply power to the system, ensuring the continuous operation of the system. Combined with the power management module, the electrical energy provided by the energy acquisition unit and the self-energy harvesting unit can be effectively stored and managed. The power management module can intelligently distribute and regulate the electrical energy according to the actual needs of the system, ensuring that each module can obtain sufficient power support when needed, while avoiding energy waste, and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0018] Furthermore, the current recording unit in the arrester monitoring module can monitor the leakage current of the arrester in real time and record the waveform. This design enables the system to obtain detailed data on the operating status of the arrester, providing a solid foundation for subsequent judgment and analysis. Through precise current monitoring, the system can promptly detect a decline in the performance of the arrester or signs of a fault, enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of early warning. The waveform judgment unit makes a judgment on the disconnection action based on the current waveform data provided by the current recording unit. This design realizes the intelligent analysis of the arrester status, can accurately identify abnormal situations, and send a disconnection instruction to the disconnection action module. Through intelligent waveform judgment, the system can ensure that the disconnection action is executed quickly and accurately when necessary, preventing the expansion of the fault and ensuring the safety of the power system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 Structural diagram of the electric control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring of the present invention; Figure 2 Installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1 - high-voltage wire; 2 - arrester; 3 - explosion disconnection unit; 4 - ground wire; 5 - wire disconnection. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and marked in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected to" are used, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the figures: See Figure 1-2 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses an electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring, including: Energy acquisition module: It consists of a solar energy acquisition unit and a self-energy acquisition unit, and serves as the energy source of the entire system to supply power to the subsequent power consumption circuit and energy storage unit. The solar energy acquisition unit and the self-energy acquisition unit operate simultaneously and cooperate with each other. When the light condition is sufficient, the solar energy acquisition unit mainly undertakes the main energy supply, and the self-energy acquisition unit assists; when the light condition is insufficient, the self-energy acquisition unit is switched to be the main energy source for energy supply. The self-energy acquisition unit is designed based on a current transformer coil, with a set turns ratio. After magnifying the arrester leakage current by a certain multiple through the electromagnetic induction principle, it outputs a stable DC voltage after passing through a rectifier and filter circuit. The solar energy harvesting unit uses solar panels to generate electrical energy after receiving sunlight, and supplies power to other modules. During installation, it is determined according to the position of the lightning arrester, and a vacant platform that can be rigidly fixed is selected nearby to arrange the panels, which are connected to the lightning arrester monitoring module through shielded wires for power input.

[0029] The self-powered unit takes the leakage current of the zinc oxide lightning arrester as the energy input, draws power from the lowest-level zinc oxide varistor, and converts the high-voltage, small-current alternating current into stable low-voltage, relatively large-current direct current to supply power to other modules. The self-powered unit is installed in the lightning arrester monitoring device and is connected to the lightning arrester.

[0030] Power management module: The power management module includes an energy storage unit and a protection and control unit. The energy storage unit stores the energy input from the energy harvesting module and supplies energy to the lightning arrester monitoring module. The protection and control unit is based on a power control chip, combined with devices such as a linear voltage regulator, a DC converter, a triode, and a TVS, integrates the protection and control unit circuit, and realizes automatic selection and switching of the input voltage, battery charging protection, power monitoring, and overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection of the output voltage The protection and control unit dynamically allocates the energy input from the energy harvesting module after voltage stabilization and filtering, controls the energy storage unit to store energy while ensuring the normal operation of the lightning arrester monitoring module as a priority, and timely regulates the energy storage unit to supply power in relay when the input of the energy harvesting module is insufficient.

[0031] Surge arrester monitoring module: It is composed of a current recording unit, a waveform judgment unit, and a signal generating unit, and is used to monitor the operating status and its own life of the surge arrester in real time and send an action instruction to the disconnection action module. Among them, the current recording unit monitors and records the leakage current of the surge arrester, and sends the collected current waveform data to the waveform judgment unit; the waveform judgment unit performs an inverse time criterion for disconnection action based on the monitored data of the surge arrester leakage current: 50mA / 30s, 200mA / 10s, 500mA / 5s. When the collected current data reaches the above judgment conditions, it sends a start instruction to the signal generating unit; after receiving the start instruction, the signal generating unit generates a specific code signal and sends it to the signal receiving unit of the disconnection action module. The current recording unit uses a current transformer coil with two secondary sides. One side of the secondary side is used for energy extraction, and the other side of the secondary side is used for current recording. After the current is generated from the secondary side, it flows through a recording resistance circuit, and the analog current waveform information is converted into a digital signal through an A / D analog-to-digital conversion circuit connected in parallel with the resistance, and then sent to the waveform judgment unit for research and judgment; the waveform judgment unit, after receiving the collected current waveform signal, compares and judges it with the inverse time criterion preset in the program, and decides whether to send a start instruction to the signal generating unit based on the judgment result; the signal generating unit is composed of some registers and I / O ports in the core processing chip, cooperating with a latch and an encoder chip. When an action instruction needs to be sent, a specific code is generated by controlling the encoder through the I / O port and sent to the signal receiving unit.

[0032] Disconnection action module: It is composed of an explosion disconnection unit, and disconnects the low-voltage terminal connection wire of the surge arrester to disconnect from the surge arrester. Among them, the explosion disconnection unit is composed of an explosion bolt and corresponding buckle accessories, which are installed on the low-voltage terminal connection wire of the surge arrester and do not affect the normal operation of the surge arrester. When it acts, the electronic detonator in the explosion bolt starts to explode, causing the bolt shell to break at the set breaking point, thereby disconnecting the high-voltage connection wire and completing the disconnection action of the surge arrester; the signal receiving unit receives the action signal sent by the signal generating unit in the surge arrester monitoring module, decodes and verifies this signal. In this embodiment, a single-chip microcomputer is used for signal verification and comparison, and a DAC digital-to-analog conversion decoding chip is used for decoding to ensure the accuracy of the information. After confirming the action information, it controls the explosion bolt of the explosion disconnection unit to start exploding and disconnect from the surge arrester. The signal receiving unit is composed of a single-chip microcomputer cooperating with a latch and a decoding chip. After receiving the action instruction code, the single-chip microcomputer cooperates with the latch to verify the code, compares it with the preset action code, and after confirming that it is correct, generates an action signal that can trigger the explosion disconnection unit through the decoding chip.

[0033] During the installation of this embodiment, the solar energy harvesting unit is installed on an open platform adjacent to the lightning arrester 2 and connected to the protection control unit through a wire. The self-energy harvesting unit, energy storage unit, protection control unit, status monitoring unit, and signal generation unit are integrated in the lightning arrester monitoring device. This device is installed at the ground potential end of the location where the lightning arrester is located, connected in series between the lightning arrester and the ground potential through the grounding wire of the lightning arrester 2, connected to the solar energy harvesting unit through a wire, and connected to the signal receiving unit in the disconnection action module through an optical fiber. The explosion disconnection unit 3 and the signal receiving unit are integrated into the disconnection action module, installed on the wire at the grounding connection end of the lightning arrester through a bolt buckle, and connected to the lightning arrester monitoring device through an optical fiber. When receiving the disconnection signal, the explosion disconnection unit 3 performs the disconnection action to complete the disconnection of the wire 5.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the electrical energy output by the solar energy harvesting unit through light harvesting is combined with the electrical energy output by the self-energy harvesting through the leakage current of the lightning arrester itself and fed into the power management module in the lightning arrester monitoring device. Then, the protection control unit processes and distributes the fed-in electrical energy, mainly supplying other power-consuming modules to work normally. The excess energy is stored in the energy storage unit, and energy can also be retrieved from the energy storage unit when the output of the solar energy harvesting unit is insufficient to ensure the normal operation of the system. After the system is normally started, the lightning arrester monitoring module starts to work. The status monitoring unit calculates and analyzes by real-time monitoring the leakage current value of the lightning arrester to obtain the corresponding operating status and life information of the lightning arrester. After this information is sent to the signal generation unit, it is compared with a preset action threshold. If the threshold is not exceeded, it waits for the next piece of information; if the threshold is exceeded, a specific action code is generated and transmitted through the optical fiber to the signal receiving unit in the disconnector action module. After receiving the action code, the signal receiving unit decodes and verifies it. After determining that the code is correct, it activates the explosion disconnection unit. After being activated and awakened by the signal receiving unit, the electronic detonator in the explosion bolt explodes, causing the bolt to break at the set position, disconnecting the wire at the low-voltage end of the lightning arrester, and realizing the disconnection of the lightning arrester.

[0035] The electronic control arrester disconnector based on current monitoring trigger of the present invention can, through the integrated arrester monitoring module, monitor the leakage current of the arrester in real time. Once abnormal current (such as exceeding the preset threshold or abnormal waveform) is detected, it can quickly judge and trigger the disconnection action, effectively avoiding the failure of the arrester caused by aging, damage, etc., and improving the safety and stability of the power system. The energy acquisition module combines an energy acquisition unit (such as a solar panel) and a self-powered unit, and the latter can directly convert the leakage current of the arrester into direct current, which not only realizes the diversified utilization of energy but also ensures that the system can continue to work without an external power supply. The power management module is responsible for the storage and management of electric energy. Through voltage stabilization processing and intelligent control, it ensures stable power supply for each module and prolongs the overall service life of the system. The disconnection action module is exquisitely designed and adopts an explosive disconnection unit combined with a verification mechanism to ensure that the safe disconnection of the arrester is only executed after receiving an accurate disconnection instruction. This design not only improves the reliability of action execution but also avoids the potential risks brought by misoperation. The current recording unit and waveform judgment unit in the arrester monitoring module can perform high-precision recording and analysis of the leakage current, predict the working state of the arrester through a preset algorithm model, realize the early detection and treatment of faults, and reduce large-scale power outages caused by equipment failures. The disconnector is flexibly designed, and each module is connected through a standardized interface, which is convenient for system upgrade and maintenance. At the same time, its self-powered characteristic enables it to adapt to the arrester monitoring requirements in different environments, improving the wide applicability and practicability of the system. Using renewable energy such as solar energy as an auxiliary power supply reduces the dependence on traditional energy and conforms to the development trend of green and low-carbon. In addition, by replacing the failed arrester in time, the energy waste and environmental pollution caused by equipment failures are reduced.

[0036] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring, characterized in that, It includes an energy acquisition module, a power management module, a lightning arrester monitoring module, and a disconnection action module; The energy acquisition module is used to supply power to other modules; The power management module, electrically connected to the energy acquisition module, is used to store and manage the electrical energy of the energy acquisition module; The lightning arrester monitoring module, electrically connected to the power management module, is used to monitor the leakage current of the lightning arrester in real time and send an action instruction to the disconnection action module; The disconnection action module, electrically connected to the lightning arrester monitoring module, is used to disconnect the connection line at the low-voltage end of the lightning arrester according to the action instruction, so as to disconnect from the lightning arrester.

2. The electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy acquisition module includes an energy obtaining unit and a self-powered unit; both the energy obtaining unit and the self-powered unit are electrically connected to the power management module; the energy obtaining unit converts other energies into electrical energy; the self-powered unit collects the leakage current of the lightning arrester and converts the leakage current of the lightning arrester into direct current.

3. The electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that The energy obtaining unit uses a solar panel.

4. The electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 2, wherein The self-powered unit is connected to the lightning arrester.

5. The electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes an energy storage unit and a protection control unit; the energy storage unit and the protection control unit are electrically connected; the protection control unit is respectively connected to the energy acquisition module and the lightning arrester monitoring module; the protection control unit stabilizes the voltage of the electrical energy of the energy acquisition unit and then controls the energy storage unit to store or release energy to supply power to the lightning arrester monitoring module.

6. The electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lightning arrester monitoring module includes a current recording and wave unit, a waveform judgment unit, and a signal generating unit; The current recording and wave unit monitors and records the leakage current of the lightning arrester, and inputs the monitored current waveform data into the waveform judgment unit; the waveform judgment unit makes a disconnection action judgment based on the monitored current waveform data and sends a disconnection instruction to the disconnection action module.

7. The electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 6, wherein The current recording and wave unit is electrically connected to the lightning arrester.

8. The electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that The disconnection action module includes an explosion disconnection unit and a signal receiving unit; After the signal receiving unit receives the disconnection instruction from the lightning arrester monitoring module, it controls the explosion disconnection unit to realize the disconnection of the lightning arrester.

9. The electronic control arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The explosion disconnection unit includes an explosion bolt and a buckle; the buckle fixedly connects the explosion bolt to the connection line at the low-voltage end of the lightning arrester.

10. The electronically controlled arrester disconnector triggered based on current monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The signal receiving unit is provided with a verification unit, and the verification unit is used to verify the disconnection instruction of the lightning arrester monitoring module.

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