Wind-light-electricity and commercial power alternating power supply controller

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind-light-electricity and commercial power alternating power supply controller, which is characterized in that a battery of a solar charging controller is connected with a port, the input end of an inverter is connected with a storage battery, and the input end of an adjustable step-up and step-down power module is connected with a power output port of the solar charging controller; coils of the inverter switch relay and the time-delay relay are connected to the output end of the adjustable step-up and step-down power supply module; a group of normally open contacts of the inverter switch relay are connected in parallel to a starting switch of the inverter, and a group of normally open contacts of the time delay relay are connected in series to a power supply circuit of an output relay coil; a normally open contact of the output relay is connected with the output end of the inverter, a normally closed contact of the output relay is used for being connected with the mains supply, and the normally open contacts and the normally closed contacts of the output relay are in one-to-one correspondence with the parallel connection ends to serve as power utilization output ends. According to the voltage of the storage battery, inversion, mains supply switching power supply and delayed switching-in of inverter power supply are automatically achieved, equipment safety is guaranteed, the double-circuit switching time is short, and electric equipment is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a switching device powered by dual power supplies, in particular to a controller for alternating power supply between wind-solar power and commercial power. Background Art

[0002] For small-scale photovoltaic and wind power generation used by families and small property owners, etc., generally there is a battery for energy storage, and an inverter is provided to invert low-voltage direct current into 380V three-phase alternating current or 220V single-phase alternating current for the owner to use. Most users set up dual-power supply switching between inverter power and commercial power for guaranteed power supply. When switching between the inverter output and commercial power, generally, a manual switch is toggled to achieve the switching between inverter power and commercial power. Its disadvantages are as follows: (1) When switching to the inverter state for operation, after a certain period of power supply, the battery runs out of power and the user cannot perceive it. Over-discharging easily damages the battery, and it is also possible that the inverter stops outputting power, affecting normal power consumption. A sudden power outage is also likely to damage electrical equipment; (2) When switching to inverter power supply, the inverter starts working and has not reached a stable state before connecting to the electrical equipment. This not only easily damages the inverter, but also the electrical energy with abnormal waveforms and power is likely to damage the electrical appliances; (3) Manual dual-power switching has a relatively long time interval for the conversion between the two power supplies, which easily causes some electrical equipment to shut down, or some electrical appliances start again after a short power outage and start running with a load, which is easy to damage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a controller for alternating power supply between wind-solar power and commercial power, to solve the above deficiencies of the prior art. When the battery runs out of power and has a low voltage, it automatically switches to commercial power supply, and when the battery is charged back to the normal voltage, it automatically switches back to the state of power supply via the battery through inversion.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved in the following way: A controller for alternating power supply between wind-solar power and commercial power includes a solar charge controller that cuts off power discharge at a low voltage. Additionally, there are an inverter switch relay, a time-delay relay, and an output relay. The battery connection port of the solar charge controller and the input end of the inverter are connected to the battery. The coils of the inverter switch relay and the time-delay relay are connected to the power output port of the solar charge controller. Whether the inverter switch relay and the time-delay relay are started is controlled by whether the power output port of the solar charge controller supplies power; a set of normally open contacts of the inverter switch relay are connected in parallel to the start switch of the inverter, and a set of normally open contacts of the time-delay relay are connected in series in the power supply line of the output relay coil; the normally open contacts of the output relay are correspondingly connected to the output end of the inverter, and the normally closed contacts of the output relay are used to connect to commercial power. Each normally open contact and normally closed contact of the output relay are connected in parallel at the corresponding connection end as the power output end for electrical appliances.

[0005] The solar charging controller is used to manage the charging of the storage battery from wind power, photovoltaic power, etc., and also manage the external discharge of the storage battery. When the voltage of the storage battery drops to the discharge cut-off voltage, the external power supply is stopped. In the present invention, the function of stopping the external output of electric energy when the battery is at low voltage is utilized. Therefore, here, a battery under-voltage protection module or circuit that cuts off the output at low voltage can be connected to the storage battery to replace it. The simplest and most commonly used is a circuit implemented by a zener diode or a comparator. The purpose is to cut off the power supply to the control part when the storage battery reaches the discharge cut-off voltage, so that the inverter stops working. Here, a solar charging controller is selected, taking into account the management function of the storage battery charging; the inverter switch relay is used to start the inverter. The normally open contact of the inverter switch relay is connected in parallel to the start switch of the inverter. If the power input of the inverter uses relay control, then this normally open contact is connected in the power supply line of the relay coil. After the normally open contact is closed, the DC input end of the inverter is connected to the storage battery, and the work of inverting alternating current starts; the function of the time-delay relay is to delay for a certain time after the inverter starts working, and then make the output relay get powered on and act after entering the stable state, and deliver the normal electric energy output by the inverter to the user's power consumption end. Therefore, the function of the time-delay relay is to make the output relay delay in pulling in and connecting to invert and output alternating current. Therefore, the time-delay relay can also be replaced by other time-delay circuits or modules.

[0006] An adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module is provided between the power output port of the solar charging controller and the power supply lines of the inverter switch relay coil and the time-delay relay coil. The input end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module is electrically connected to the power output port of the solar charging controller, and the output end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module serves as the power supply end of the inverter switch relay coil and the time-delay relay coil. If the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module is not used, the above DC relays used should match the voltage of the storage battery. For example, if the voltage of the storage battery is 12V, then the relay used is 12V; if the voltage of the storage battery is 24V, then the relay used is 24V, and so on. The function of using the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module is that according to the design, a relay controlled by a certain voltage can be selected, and the output voltage of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module can be adjusted to the corresponding voltage, without being restricted by the input voltage of the storage battery, and the output voltage of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module is stabilized at a fixed value, making the operation of the relay more reliable.

[0007] The output relay can be of two types: an AC relay or a DC relay: 1. AC relay: The power output end of the inverter serves as the power supply for the output relay coil, that is, the coil of the output relay is connected to the power output end of the inverter through a set of normally open contacts of the time-delay relay.

[0008] 2. DC relay: The power supply for the output relay coil is connected to the DC power supply point. That is, the coil of the output relay is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery or the positive and negative poles of the power output port of the solar charge controller, or the positive and negative poles of the output terminal of the adjustable step-up / step-down power module through a set of normally open contacts of the time-delay relay.

[0009] The user's power distribution system can be either three-phase alternating current or single-phase alternating current: 1. Three-phase alternating current: Three sets of normally open contacts of the output relay are correspondingly connected to the three output terminals of the inverter. Three sets of normally closed contacts of the output relay are used to correspondingly connect to the three-phase commercial power. The parallel connection terminals of the three sets of normally open contacts and normally closed contacts of the output relay, one by one, serve as the three-phase power output terminals to meet the three-phase power usage environment.

[0010] 2. Single-phase alternating current: Two sets of normally open contacts of the output relay are correspondingly connected to the two output terminals of the inverter. Two sets of normally closed contacts of the output relay are used to connect to the single-phase commercial power. The parallel connection terminals of the two sets of normally open contacts and normally closed contacts of the output relay, one by one, serve as the single-phase power output terminals, suitable for the single-phase power usage environment.

[0011] A module power supply switch is provided in the power supply line from the power output port of the solar charge controller to the inverter switch relay coil and the time-delay relay coil. When the module power supply switch is in the cut-off state, the inverter can be stopped from working, and the output relay can be in the state of connecting to the commercial power, that is, the output of the inverter power can be forcibly stopped.

[0012] When the wind and solar energy input and the battery energy are sufficient and the battery voltage is higher than the set protection voltage, with or without the module power supply switch closed, the device supplies power to the user's electrical appliances with the inverter power. When the battery voltage is lower than the set protection voltage, the solar charge controller no longer supplies power to the inverter switch relay coil and the time-delay relay. The normally open contacts of the two change from the closed state to the open state. The inverter stops working, the coil of the output relay loses power and operates, the user output terminal is quickly disconnected from the inverter, and switches to the terminal connected to the commercial power, and the power conversion is completed.

[0013] After the battery stops supplying power at low voltage for a period of time, if the wind and solar power charge the battery to restore the supply voltage, the output terminal of the solar charge controller has power output to supply power to the inverter switch relay and the time-delay relay. A set of normally open contacts of the inverter switch relay connected to the inverter is closed, causing the inverter switch to close and start working. A set of normally open contacts of the time-delay relay connected to the output relay is closed after a delay. At this time, the AC voltage output by the inverter has completely risen to the normal state, the coil of the output relay is energized and closed, the normally closed contact of the output relay is opened to cut off from the commercial power, the normally open contact of the output relay is closed, and the AC output of the inverter reaches the power consumption end. At this time, it switches back from using commercial power to using inverter power supply state.

[0014] After the module power switch is closed, it is in the automatic switching state between inverter power supply and mains power supply; when the switch is opened, the inverter is turned off and only mains power supply is used.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When the storage battery is at a normal voltage, the electric energy generated by wind energy and light energy is preferentially converted through the inverter. When the voltage of the storage battery is low to the discharge cut-off voltage, it automatically switches to mains power supply. After the voltage of the storage battery rises during charging, it automatically switches back to inverter power supply. The automatic switching between the two power sources can not only make full use of wind power and photovoltaic power, but also ensure the power consumption needs of users; 2. When switching to inverter power supply, the inverter starts first, and after reaching a stable output, it outputs electric energy to users, ensuring the safe operation of the equipment and electrical appliances; 3. The dual-path switching takes less time than manual switching, can avoid the shutdown phenomenon of electrical appliances due to short-term power outage, and also ensures the safety of electrical appliances; 4. The present invention uses a relay as the main control component. In particular, the DC relay itself has low power consumption. When in the mains power supply state, the relay coil is not energized and does not consume power, and the power consumption of the controller can be ignored, so it has strong energy-saving performance. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a circuit diagram of an AC output relay controlling three-phase power supply; Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of an AC output relay controlling single-phase power supply; Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of a DC output relay controlling three-phase power supply; Figure 4 It is a circuit diagram of a DC output relay controlling single-phase power supply.

[0017] In the figure: E - storage battery; NBQ - inverter; MA - solar charge controller; MB - adjustable buck-boost power module; KM1 - inverter switch relay; KT - delay relay; KM2 - output relay; SB - module power switch. Detailed Embodiments Embodiment

[0018] Refer to Figure 1, the wind-solar and mains alternative power supply controller includes a solar charge controller MA with low-voltage cut-off discharge, an adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module MB, an inverter switch relay KM1, a time-delay relay KT, and an output relay KM2. The solar charge controller MA has three connection terminals: a solar input port, a battery connection port, and a power output port. Wind power generation, photovoltaic panels, etc. are connected to the solar input port. The storage battery E is simultaneously connected to the battery connection port of the solar charge controller MA and the input end of the inverter NBQ. The input end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module MB is electrically connected to the power output port of the solar charge controller MA through the module power supply switch SB. As a secondary option, the module power supply switch SB can also be set at the output end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module MB. The coils of the inverter switch relay KM1 and the time-delay relay KT are connected to the output end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module MB. The output of the inverter NBQ and the mains are three-phase alternating current. The output relay KM2 uses an AC relay, and the coil of the output relay KM2 is connected to any two of the power output lines a1, a2, a3 of the inverter NBQ. A set of normally open contacts KM1-1 of the inverter switch relay KM1 is connected in parallel to the start switch of the inverter NBQ. A set of normally open contacts KT-1 of the time-delay relay KT is connected in series in the power supply line of the coil of the output relay KM2. The normally open contacts KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3 of the output relay KM2 are connected to the output ends a1, a2, a3 of the inverter NBQ. The normally closed contacts KM2-4, KM2-5, KM2-6 of the output relay KM2 are used to connect to the mains L1, L2, L3. Each of the normally open contacts KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3 and the normally closed contacts KM2-4, KM2-5, KM2-6 of the output relay KM2 are connected in parallel to corresponding ends as the power consumption output terminals A1, A2, A3 to meet the needs of users with three-phase electricity.

[0019] The solar charge controller MA and the adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module MB are products of the prior art. The solar charge controller MA is the "MPPT solar controller" provided by the seller "Shanghai Commercial Firm" on Taobao. The adjustable step-up / step-down power supply module MB is the "DC-DC automatic step-up / step-down power supply module" provided by the seller "Qinyuansheng Electronics" on Taobao. As a controller, the present invention can be connected to the original system based on the user's original wind and solar power generation, battery energy storage, and inverter conversion of alternating current. Embodiment

[0020] Refer to Figure 2, this diagram shows a single-phase power distribution scenario: the output of the inverter NBQ and the mains power are single-phase alternating current. The output relay KM2 is an AC relay. Two normally open contacts KM2-1 and KM2-2 of the output relay KM2 are connected to two output terminals a1 and a2 of the inverter NBQ. Two normally closed contacts KM2-4 and KM2-5 of the output relay KM2 are used to connect the single-phase mains power L and N. Two normally open contacts KM2-1 and KM2-2 and two normally closed contacts KM2-4 and KM2-5 of the output relay KM2 are connected in parallel at the corresponding ends as the single-phase power output terminals A1 and A2 to meet the needs of single-phase power users. The other parts are the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated further. Embodiment

[0021] Refer to Figure 3 , the output of the inverter NBQ and the mains power are three-phase alternating current. The output relay KM2 is a DC relay. The coil of the output relay KM2 is connected to the output terminal of the adjustable step-up / step-down power module MB through a normally open contact KT-1 of the time-delay relay KT, and the connection with two of the power output terminals a1, a2, and a3 of the inverter NBQ is disconnected. Of course, the coil of the output relay KM2 can also be connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery E or the power output port of the solar charge controller MA through the normally open contact KT-1 of the time-delay relay KT. The other parts are the same as those in Embodiment 1. Embodiment

[0022] Refer to Figure 4 , the output of the inverter NBQ and the mains power are single-phase alternating current. The output relay KM2 is a DC relay. The coil of the output relay KM2 is connected to the output terminal of the adjustable step-up / step-down power module MB through a normally open contact KT-1 of the time-delay relay KT. Of course, it can also be connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery E or the power output port of the solar charge controller MA, and the connection with the power output terminals a1 and a2 of the inverter NBQ is disconnected. The other parts are the same as those in Embodiment 2.

[0023] The above embodiments show two scenarios of three-phase power supply and single-phase power supply, as well as two cases where the output relay KM2 uses a DC relay and an AC relay respectively. In actual applications, it is also possible to have a combination form where the power output uses a DC relay to control an AC relay, that is, the coil power supply of the DC relay uses DC, the coil power supply of the AC relay uses AC, and the DC relay is used as an intermediate relay to control a relatively large-power AC contactor. Although the technical solutions have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still adjust, combine, modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controller for alternating power supply of wind power, photovoltaic power and mains power, including a solar charge controller with low-voltage cut-off discharge, characterized in that: In addition, there are also an inverter switch relay (KM1), a time-delay relay (KT), and an output relay (KM2). The battery connection port of the solar charging controller (MA) and the input end of the inverter (NBQ) are connected to the storage battery (E). The coils of the inverter switch relay (KM1) and the time-delay relay (KT) are connected to the power output port of the solar charging controller (MA); a set of normally open contacts (KM1-1) of the inverter switch relay (KM1) are connected in parallel to the start switch of the inverter (NBQ), and a set of normally open contacts (KT-1) of the time-delay relay (KT) are connected in series in the power supply line of the output relay (KM2) coil; the normally open contacts (KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3 or KM2-1, KM2-2) of the output relay (KM2) are correspondingly connected to the output ends (a1, a2, a3 or a1, a2) of the inverter (NBQ), and the normally closed contacts (KM2-4, KM2-5, KM2-6 or KM2-4, KM2-5) of the output relay (KM2) are used to connect to the commercial power (L1, L2, L3 or L, N). Each of the normally open contacts (KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3 or KM2-1, KM2-2) and the normally closed contacts (KM2-4, KM2-5, KM2-6 or KM2-4, KM2-5) of the output relay (KM2) are correspondingly connected in parallel at the ends as the power consumption output ends (A1, A2, A3 or A1, A2).

2. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternating power supply controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable step-up / step-down power module (MB) is provided between the power output port of the solar charging controller (MA) and the power supply lines of the coils of the inverter switch relay (KM1) and the time-delay relay (KT). The input end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power module (MB) is electrically connected to the power output port of the solar charging controller (MA), and the output end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power module (MB) is the power supply end of the coils of the inverter switch relay (KM1) and the time-delay relay (KT).

3. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternative power supply controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output end of the inverter (NBQ) serves as the power supply for the coil of the output relay (KM2), that is, the coil of the output relay (KM2) is connected to the power output end of the inverter (NBQ) through a set of normally open contacts (KT-1) of the time-delay relay (KT).

4. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternative power supply controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply for the coil of the output relay (KM2) is connected to a DC power supply point, that is, the coil of the output relay (KM2) is connected to the positive and negative poles of the storage battery (E) or the positive and negative poles of the power output port of the solar charging controller (MA) through a set of normally open contacts (KT-1) of the time-delay relay (KT).

5. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternating power supply controller according to claim 2, wherein: The power supply for the coil of the output relay (KM2) is connected to a DC power supply point, that is, the coil of the output relay (KM2) is connected to the positive and negative poles of the output end of the adjustable step-up / step-down power module (MB) through a set of normally open contacts (KT-1) of the time-delay relay (KT).

6. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternative power supply controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: A module power supply switch (SB) is provided in the power supply line from the power output port of the solar charging controller (MA) to the coils of the inverter switch relay (KM1) and the time-delay relay (KT).

7. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternative power supply controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three normally open contacts (KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3) of the output relay (KM2) are correspondingly connected to three output terminals (a1, a2, a3) of the inverter (NBQ). Three normally closed contacts (KM2-4, KM2-5, KM2-6) of the output relay (KM2) are used to connect to three-phase mains power (L1, L2, L3). The three normally open contacts (KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3) and the three normally closed contacts (KM2-4, KM2-5, KM2-6) of the output relay (KM2) are correspondingly connected in parallel at the connection terminals to serve as three-phase power output terminals (A1, A2, A3).

8. The wind-solar-electricity and mains power alternative power supply controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two normally open contacts (KM2-1, KM2-2) of the output relay (KM2) are connected to two output terminals (a1, a2) of the inverter (NBQ). Two normally closed contacts (KM2-4, KM2-5) of the output relay (KM2) are used to connect to single-phase mains power (L, N). The two normally open contacts (KM2-1, KM2-2) and the two normally closed contacts (KM2-4, KM2-5) of the output relay (KM2) are correspondingly connected in parallel at the connection terminals to serve as single-phase power output terminals (A1, A2).

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