Soil preparation seeding machine with seeding depth self-adaptive adjusting function for wheat seeding

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil preparation seeding machine with a seeding depth self-adaptive adjusting function for wheat seeding. The soil preparation seeding machine comprises a rack, and a rotary tillage device, a soil leveling and joint cutting device, a seed feeding pipe and a soil covering wheel are arranged on the rack. The soil leveling and joint-cutting device comprises two main roller bodies which are arranged in parallel front and back, a plurality of groups of joint-cutting discs which are equidistant left and right are arranged between the two main roller bodies, and receding grooves are formed in the corresponding positions of the main roller bodies and used for embedding the joint-cutting discs. The lower end of the seed feeding pipe is embedded into the rear main roller body abdicating groove; the seed outlet is formed in the rear side of the kerf disc. The joint cutting disc is connected with the roller frame through a telescopic frame with a spring. The double roller bodies and the joint-cutting disc are compactly matched to improve the operation continuity, the spring floating structure ensures that the grooving depth is adaptively adjusted along with the soil density, the rotary seat hinge design enables the roller bodies to uniformly compact the ground, the depth of the seeding groove is consistent, and the seed feeding pipe is accurately positioned to avoid seed offset; integrated efficient operation of rotary tillage, joint cutting, seeding and soil covering is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sowing machinery, in particular to a land preparation sowing machine for wheat sowing with a sowing depth self-adaptive adjustment function. Background Art

[0002] Sowing depth is crucial for wheat sowing, affecting the germination rate and subsequent harvest. In the prior art, the applicant's prior application CN115104393A provides a sowing method and sowing equipment, which provides a soil pressing and grooving device between a rotary tillage device and a soil covering device, the soil pressing and grooving device includes a soil pressing roller, and a grooved wheel is fixed on the soil pressing roller, and the synchronous operation of land preparation and grooving is achieved by the above method. In actual use, this equipment has the following problems: when the original flatness of the land is very poor, the soil pressing roller of the above patent solution has a large working width, and the original low-lying ground position may have loose soil after leveling. Therefore, opening the sowing groove on the very loose soil will affect the sowing quality. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the sowing depth as needed to ensure the sowing quality of each row. The above prior art is difficult to achieve this. Although the traditional sowing method of sowing through a sowing array composed of a single sowing device (as shown in patent CN 117652258 A, etc.) can ensure the sowing quality, the cost is relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a sowing depth adaptive adjustment function, which can adaptively adjust the sowing groove depth as needed to dynamically change the sowing depth.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a sowing depth self-adaptive adjustment function, which comprises a frame, on which a rotary tillage device, a soil leveling and slitting device, a seeding tube and a soil covering wheel are arranged in sequence from front to back; the soil leveling and slitting device comprises a main roller body and a plurality of slitting discs arranged equidistantly on the axial direction of the main roller body, and also comprises a roller frame, and the main roller body is rotatably mounted relative to the roller frame;

[0005] The soil leveling and slitting device comprises two main roller bodies arranged in parallel in the front and rear; a plurality of slitting discs arranged equidistantly in the left and right directions are arranged between the two main roller bodies, and each main roller body has a clearance groove for the slitting disc to be embedded at a position corresponding to the slitting disc, that is, in the axial direction of the slitting disc, the outer contour of the slitting disc and the outer contours of the two main roller bodies have an overlapping area; the lower end of the seeding tube is placed in the clearance groove corresponding to the rear main roller body, and its seed outlet is located at the rear side of the lower end of the slitting disc;

[0006] Each of the slitting disks is connected to the roller frame through a telescopic frame; the telescopic frame can slide up and down relative to the roller frame, and a spring that applies a downward acting force to the telescopic frame is sleeved on the telescopic frame.

[0007] Further, rotating seats are respectively rotatably installed at the left and right ends of the roller frame, the rotating seats are connected to the machine frame, and the rotation center of the rotating seats is located on the perpendicular bisector of the rotation centers of the two main roller bodies.

[0008] With the above structure, during operation, since the roller frame is rotatably installed relative to the machine frame, the roller frame can adaptively change the angle to make the pressures of the two main roller bodies on the ground approximately equal, ensuring the leveling effect on the ground. And during the slitting process of the slitting disks, on the basis of compacting the soil by the two main roller bodies, two components that limit the depth are formed in front of and behind the slitting disks, making the slitting depth of the slitting disks reasonable. The slitting disks can leave sowing grooves with reasonable depths in the compacted soil as required for the seed dropping pipes to drop seeds for sowing. Since each slitting disk is independently arranged, it can cut sowing grooves with appropriate depths according to the soil density at its location under the action of the spring. Since the slitting disks are located between the two main roller bodies, and there are overlapping areas between the outer contours of the slitting disks and the outer contours of the two main roller bodies, the compactness of the three is greatly improved. The three operations of the front main roller body pre-compacting the rotary-tilled soil, the slitting disks cutting sowing grooves on the ground, and the rear main roller body further compacting are carried out closely, which can effectively ensure the grooving quality of the slitting disks.

[0009] Further, a cross beam is provided on the upper side of the roller frame, and all the telescopic frames are slidably installed relative to the cross beam; the soil leveling and slitting device further includes an adjusting rod located under the cross beam and arranged in parallel with the cross beam; the springs corresponding to all the slitting disks are placed under the adjusting rod, and the upper ends of all the springs abut against the adjusting rod; an adjusting screw for pressing down the adjusting rod is installed on the cross beam. By rotating the adjusting screw, the distance between the adjusting rod and the cross beam can be changed, thereby changing the pre-compression amount of all the springs. In this way, the target grooving depth can be changed to realize the adjustment of the standard sowing depth. When the slitting disks actually slit, the cutting groove depth can be dynamically changed under the action of the spring according to the soil density at the location, realizing the dynamic adjustment of the sowing depth, ensuring the sowing quality, and avoiding the situation where sowing requirements are not met due to the condition that there are deeper pits on the original ground resulting in local soil looseness.

[0010] Further, a synchronous rotation relationship is established between the two main roller bodies through a chain assembly, and one of the main roller bodies is connected to a power source, and the power source can be a motor, a hydraulic motor, or can obtain power by indirectly connecting to the PTO output shaft of a tractor.

[0011] Furthermore, the slitting disc is composed of a centrally placed hub motor and an annular disc body, and the edges of the disc body are provided with cutting edges.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The land preparation seeder with self-adaptive sowing depth adjustment function for wheat sowing of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The soil leveling and slitting device of the land preparation seeder significantly improves the compactness of the components through the cooperation of two main rollers arranged in parallel at the front and rear and multiple equidistant slitting discs, combined with the embedded structure of the clearance groove. The slitting disc achieves independent floating through a telescopic frame and a spring, and can dynamically adjust the slitting depth according to the soil density to ensure a reasonable depth of the sowing groove. The two ends of the roller frame are hinged to the frame through a rotating seat, so that it can adapt to the undulations of the ground and maintain the balanced pressure of the two main rollers on the ground, which not only improves the flatness of the soil, but also forms a deep and stable sowing groove through the continuous operation of front roller compaction, slitting disc grooving, and rear roller secondary compaction. The lower end of the seeding tube is precisely embedded in the clearance groove of the rear main roller to ensure that the seeds fall directly into the bottom of the groove to avoid displacement deviation.

[0014] (2) The pre-compression of all springs can be uniformly adjusted by linking the adjustment rod and the adjustment screw under the crossbeam. Under the action of the spring, each slitting disc can maintain the preset reference pressure and float independently according to the local soil hardness difference, dynamically compensating for the depth deviation caused by the terrain undulation. This dual adjustment mechanism effectively solves the problem of uneven sowing depth caused by traditional seed drills due to excessive slitting in loose soil areas or insufficient slitting in compacted areas. Combined with the coordinated compaction effect of the dual main rollers, it significantly improves the consistency of sowing depth and ensures that seeds obtain uniform germination conditions in a compacted soil environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The side view of the structure of a land preparation seeder with a sowing depth self-adaptive adjustment function for wheat sowing;

[0016] Figure 2 The bottom structure diagram of a land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a sowing depth self-adaptive adjustment function;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil leveling and cutting device;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a top view of the structure of the soil leveling and cutting device;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the soil leveling and cutting device.

[0020] In the figure: 1 - Rotary tillage device; 2 - Soil leveling and slotting device; 21 - Main roller body; 21a - Relief groove; 22 - Slotting disc; 221 - Hub motor; 222 - Disc body; 23 - Roller frame; 23a - Cross beam; 24 - Telescopic frame; 25 - Spring; 26 - Rotating seat; 27 - Adjusting rod; 28 - Adjusting screw; 29 - Connecting rod; 210 - Chain assembly; 3 - Seed dropping tube; 4 - Soil covering wheel; 10 - Frame; 5 - Seed box. Detailed implementation mode

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown in Figure 2 FIG. 1, the shown land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a function of automatically adjusting sowing depth includes a frame 10, and a rotary tillage device 1, a soil leveling and slotting device 2, a seed dropping tube 3 and a soil covering wheel 4 are sequentially arranged on the frame 10 from front to back; the soil leveling and slotting device 2 includes a main roller body 21 and a plurality of slotting discs 22 arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the main roller body 21, and further includes a roller frame 23, and the main roller body 21 is rotatably installed relative to the roller frame 23; the seed dropping tube 3 is connected to the seed box 5 through a seed metering device.

[0023] As Figure 3 shown in Figure 4 FIG. 2, the soil leveling and slotting device 2 includes two main roller bodies 21 arranged in parallel front and back; a plurality of slotting discs 22 arranged at equal intervals in the left - right direction are arranged between the two main roller bodies 21, and a relief groove 21a for the slotting disc 22 to be embedded is provided at a position corresponding to the slotting disc 22 on each main roller body 21, that is, when viewed in the axial direction of the slotting disc 22, the outer contour of the slotting disc 22 and the outer contours of the two main roller bodies 21 both have overlapping areas; as Figure 5 shown in

[0024] FIG. 3, the lower end of the seed dropping tube 3 is placed in the relief groove 21a corresponding to the rear main roller body 21, and its seed outlet is located at the rear side of the lower end of the slotting disc 22.

[0025] Each slotting disc 22 is respectively connected to the roller frame 23 through a telescopic frame 24; the telescopic frame 24 can slide up and down relative to the roller frame 23, and a spring 25 that applies a downward acting force to the telescopic frame 24 is sleeved on the telescopic frame 24.

[0026] With the above structure, during operation, since the roller frame 23 is rotatably installed relative to the frame 10, the roller frame 23 can adaptively change its angle to make the pressures of the two main roller bodies 21 on the ground approximately equal, ensuring a smooth ground effect. During the process of the cutting disc 22 cutting a slot, on the basis of compacting the soil by the two main roller bodies 21, two components for limiting the depth are formed in front of and behind the cutting disc 22, making the cutting depth of the cutting disc 22 reasonable. The cutting disc 22 can leave a sowing groove with a reasonable depth in the compacted soil as required for the seed dropping tube 3 to drop seeds for sowing. Since each cutting disc 22 is independently arranged, it can cut a sowing groove with an appropriate depth according to the soil density at its location under the action of the spring 25. Since the cutting disc 22 is located between the two main roller bodies 21, and the outer contour of the cutting disc 22 has an overlapping area with the outer contours of the two main roller bodies 21, the compactness of the three is greatly improved. The front main roller body 21 pre-compacts the rotary-tilled soil, the cutting disc 22 cuts a sowing groove on the ground, and the rear main roller body 21 further compacts. These three operations are carried out closely, which can effectively ensure the slotting quality of the cutting disc 22.

[0027] Preferably, the upper side of the roller frame 23 has a cross beam 23a, and all the telescopic frames 24 are slidably installed relative to the cross beam; the soil leveling and slotting device 2 further includes an adjusting rod 27 located under the cross beam 23a and arranged in parallel with the cross beam 23a; all the springs 25 corresponding to the cutting discs 22 are placed under the adjusting rod 27, and the upper ends of all the springs 25 abut against the adjusting rod 27; an adjusting screw 28 for pressing down the adjusting rod 27 is installed on the cross beam 23a. By rotating the adjusting screw 28, the distance between the adjusting rod 27 and the cross beam 23a can be changed, thereby changing the pre-compression amount of all the springs 25. In this way, the target slotting depth can be changed to realize the adjustment of the standard sowing depth. When the cutting disc 22 actually cuts a slot, the cutting groove depth can be dynamically changed under the action of the spring 25 according to the soil density at its location to realize the dynamic adjustment of the sowing depth, ensure the sowing quality, and avoid the situation where sowing does not meet the requirements caused by the condition that there are relatively deep pits on the original ground resulting in local soil looseness.

[0028] The soil leveling and slitting device 2 of the land preparation and seeding machine significantly improves the compactness of the components through the cooperation of two main rollers 21 arranged in parallel in the front and rear and multiple equidistant slitting discs 22, combined with the embedded structure of the clearance groove 21a. The slitting disc 22 achieves independent floating through the telescopic frame 24 and the spring 25, and can dynamically adjust the slitting depth according to the soil density to ensure that the depth of the sowing groove is uniform and reasonable. The two ends of the roller frame 23 are hinged to the frame 10 through the rotating seat 26, so that it can adapt to the undulations of the ground and maintain the balanced pressure of the double main rollers 21 on the ground, which not only improves the flatness of the soil, but also forms a sowing groove with stable depth through the continuous operation of front roller compaction, slitting of the slitting disc 22, and secondary compaction of the rear roller. The lower end of the seeding tube 3 is accurately embedded in the clearance groove 21a of the rear main roller 21 to ensure that the seeds fall directly into the bottom of the groove to avoid displacement deviation.

[0029] The pre-compression of all springs 25 can be uniformly adjusted by linking the adjustment rod 27 and the adjustment screw 28 provided under the crossbeam 23a. Each slitting disc 22 can maintain the preset reference pressure under the action of the spring 25, and can also float independently according to the local soil hardness difference, dynamically compensating the depth deviation caused by the terrain undulation. This dual adjustment mechanism effectively solves the problem of uneven sowing depth caused by excessive slitting in loose soil areas or insufficient slitting in compacted areas of traditional seed drills. With the coordinated compaction effect of the dual main rollers 21, the consistency of sowing depth is significantly improved, ensuring that the seeds obtain uniform germination conditions in a compacted soil environment.

[0030] Preferably, a synchronous rotation relationship is established between the two main roller bodies 21 through a chain assembly 210, and one of the main roller bodies 21 is connected to a power source, which can be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or can obtain power by indirectly connecting to the PTO output shaft of the tractor.

[0031] Preferably, the slitting disc 22 is composed of a centrally placed hub motor 221 and an annular disc body 222 , and the edges of the disc body 222 are provided with cutting edges.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A land preparation seeder with a function of self - adaptive adjustment of seeding depth for wheat sowing, which comprises a frame (10). A rotary tillage device (1), a soil leveling and slotting device (2), a seed - dropping tube (3) and a soil covering wheel (4) are successively arranged on the frame (10) from front to back. The soil leveling and slotting device (2) comprises a main roller body (21) and a plurality of slotting discs (22) equidistantly arranged in the axial direction of the main roller body (21), and further comprises a roller frame (23). The main roller body (21) is rotatably installed relative to the roller frame (23). It is characterized in that: The soil leveling and slotting device (2) comprises two main roller bodies (21) arranged in parallel front and back. A plurality of slotting discs (22) equidistantly arranged in the left - right direction are arranged between the two main roller bodies (21). A recess (21a) for the slotting disc (22) to be embedded is provided at a position corresponding to the slotting disc (22) on each main roller body (21). The lower end of the seed - dropping tube (3) is placed in the corresponding recess (21a) of the rear main roller body (21), and its seed - discharging port is located at the rear side of the lower end of the slotting disc (22). Each slotting disc (22) is respectively connected to the roller frame (23) through a telescopic frame (24). The telescopic frame (24) can slide up and down relative to the roller frame (23), and a spring (25) applying a downward acting force to the telescopic frame (24) is sleeved on the telescopic frame (24).

2. The land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a function of self - adaptive adjustment of sowing depth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rotating seats (26) are respectively rotatably installed at the left and right ends of the roller frame (23), and the rotating seats (26) are connected to the frame (10).

3. The land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a function of self - adapting depth adjustment according to claim 1, wherein, A cross beam (23a) is provided on the upper side of the roller frame (23). All the telescopic frames (24) are slidably installed relative to the cross beam. The soil leveling and slotting device (2) further comprises an adjusting rod (27) located under the cross beam (23a) and arranged in parallel with the cross beam (23a). The springs (25) corresponding to all the slotting discs (22) are placed under the adjusting rod (27), and the upper ends of all the springs (25) abut against the adjusting rod (27). An adjusting screw (28) for pressing down the adjusting rod (27) is installed on the cross beam (23a).

4. The land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a function of automatically adjusting sowing depth according to claim 1, characterized in that A synchronous rotation relationship is established between the two main roller bodies (21) through a chain assembly (210), and one of the main roller bodies (21) is connected to a power source.

5. The land preparation seeder for wheat sowing with a function of automatically adjusting sowing depth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slotting disc (22) is composed of a hub motor (221) in the middle and an annular disc body (222). The four - peripheral edge of the disc body (222) has a cutting edge.

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