Large-seed positioning and orienting seeding device and large-seed positioning and orienting seeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a large seed positioning and directional sowing device and method, and relates to the technical field of facility seedling precision sowing machinery, and the large seed positioning and directional sowing device comprises a rack, a quantitative seed supply mechanism, a seed scraping mechanism, a direction adjusting mechanism, a seed throwing mechanism and a plug tray conveying mechanism; the quantitative seed supply mechanism is used for quantitatively supplementing seeds into the seed scraping mechanism; the seed scraping mechanism is used for pushing quantitative seeds, so that the seeds quickly fall into positioning holes of the direction adjusting mechanism, and the seeds are arranged, positioned and filled; the direction adjusting mechanism is used for simultaneously adjusting the directions of the seeds falling into the positioning holes, so that the directions of bud mouths of the seeds are kept consistent with the long axis direction; and the seed feeding mechanism synchronously sucks a group of positioned and oriented seeds from the positioning holes of the direction adjusting mechanism and feeds the seeds into the corresponding holes in the hole tray. According to the invention, rapid arrangement and positioning and accurate bud opening direction adjustment of large seeds can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of precision seeding machinery for facility seedling cultivation, and in particular to a device for positioning and directional seeding of large-grain seeds, and also to a method for positioning and directional seeding of large-grain seeds. Background Art

[0002] When sowing large seeds such as pumpkin in a plug tray, the bud of the seed is placed in the center of the hole (i.e., the seed is positioned), and the buds of various seeds are aligned in the direction of the long axis (i.e., the seed is oriented). This is conducive to the seedling stem being located in the center of the hole, absorbing sufficient light, and the cotyledons being aligned in the same direction, avoiding mutual shading between the cotyledons of the seedlings, and providing standardized seedlings with uniform growth for mechanized grafting and transplanting operations. However, there is currently no practical large seed positioning and directional sowing equipment, and the manual placement of seeds one by one into each hole of the plug tray is labor-intensive, with low production efficiency and high labor costs.

[0003] The mechanical device for realizing the directional sowing of large seeds mainly includes functional structural modules such as seed arrangement and positioning, bud mouth adjustment and seeding. For example, the "directional positioning seeder" with application number 201410552423.4 uses a mobile rotating cylinder with a directional seed hole to lift the seeds from the seed box, adjust the direction of the bud mouth of the lifted seeds according to the visual inspection results of the bud mouth, and then use the pneumatic seeding mechanism to put the adjusted seeds into the hole. The "pumpkin seed fixed-distance directional seeding device and its fixed-distance and directional method" with application number 201810431651.4 uses a negative pressure seeding disc to absorb seeds. When the absorbed seeds collide with the guide plate, if the head with a smaller arc is in the same direction as the direction, the seed head will be stopped by the directional groove, the seeding disc continues to rotate, and the pumpkin seeds rotate under the action of the negative pressure air suction force to complete the head and tail reversal, and then the seeds slide into the hole disc along the seed guide tube. In the "seed directional sorting device and its use method" with application number 201811636830.8, the seeds are lifted up from the seed box and then slide down to the seed directional sorting mechanism, which is provided with two parallel slideways with opposite vibration directions and inclination angles. The seeds are arranged in the first slideway in the direction of the long axis and finally fall into the receiving block, while the remaining seeds fall back into the seed box from the second slideway, thereby realizing single-row sorting and seed supply in the direction of the long axis or the short axis. In the "large-grain seed directional positioning precision sowing device" with application number 202010567377.0, the seed supply and seeding parts are completed by groove wheels and seed guide tubes. Based on the fact that large-grain seeds are flat and have different smoothness at the head and tail ends, the seeds are guided by positive pressure air force to keep the head and tail in the same direction when falling, thereby achieving direction adjustment.

[0004] The above-mentioned large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device has the following problems in actual use: By detecting the orientation information of the bud openings through machine vision and then rotating and orienting each differently oriented seed by the driving component, a large number of orientation driving control elements need to be set, resulting in a complex overall structure and high cost; There are certain differences in the morphological dimensions of large seeds. When using groove orientation or positive-pressure air blowing for orientation, problems such as seed jamming or low orientation accuracy are likely to occur; The seed supply method that uses vibration to motivate the seeds to move in the same direction is restricted by the poor fluidity of large flat seeds, resulting in low seed supply efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art to some extent. Therefore, an embodiment of this application provides a large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device, which can preferably achieve the rapid arrangement and positioning of large seeds and accurate bud opening orientation, and has the advantages of low cost and high operation efficiency.

[0006] An embodiment of this application also provides a large-seed positioning and orienting sowing method using the above device.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, there is provided a large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device, including a frame, a quantitative seed supply mechanism, a seed scraping mechanism, an orientation mechanism, a seed throwing mechanism, and a seedling tray conveying mechanism; The seedling tray conveying mechanism is installed on the frame, the seed throwing mechanism spans above the seedling tray conveying mechanism and the orientation mechanism, the quantitative seed supply mechanism, the seed scraping mechanism, and the orientation mechanism are arranged on one side of the seedling tray conveying mechanism, and the quantitative seed supply mechanism and the seed scraping mechanism are located above the orientation mechanism; There is a seedling tray on the seedling tray conveying mechanism, and the seedling tray has a number of groups of holes. The orientation mechanism includes a seed filling plate, and the seed filling plate is provided with at least one group of positioning holes according to the seedling tray specifications;

[0008] The quantitative seed supply mechanism is used for quantitatively replenishing seeds to the seed scraping mechanism;

[0009] The seed scraping mechanism includes a scraper assembly that can perform reciprocating linear motion back and forth on the upper surface of the seed filling plate. The scraper assembly receives the seeds input by the quantitative seed supply mechanism. During the linear motion process, the scraper assembly pushes a certain amount of seeds, enabling the seeds to quickly fall into a group of the positioning holes of the orientation mechanism, realizing the arrangement, positioning, and filling of the seeds;

[0010] The orientation mechanism is used to adjust the orientation of the seeds falling into each of the positioning holes so that the bud openings of all the seeds are aligned with the long axis direction. The positioning holes include a seed guiding conical hole for guiding the seeds to fall and an ellipsoidal hole for restricting the long axis direction of the seeds. The long axis direction of the positioning holes is arranged in the front-rear direction. The seed guiding conical hole and the ellipsoidal hole are arranged vertically, and a stepped hole is arranged between them. A directional convex platform is arranged on the front side of the stepped hole. The directional convex platform is raised from the middle position of the positioning hole towards the front end in the long axis direction. When the seeds fall into the positioning holes, there are a forward positioning state and a reverse positioning state. The forward positioning state is that the seeds fall into the ellipsoidal hole and the bud openings of the seeds are away from the directional convex platform. The reverse positioning state is that the seeds fall into the ellipsoidal hole and the bud openings of the seeds fall above the directional convex platform. The directional convex platform is provided with air blowing holes to blow air towards the positions of the seed bud openings, so as to adjust the orientation of the seeds, and thus adjust the seeds in the reverse positioning state to the forward positioning state;

[0011] The seed dropping mechanism is used to synchronously suck a group of positioned and oriented seeds from the positioning holes of the orientation mechanism and drop them into the corresponding hole cavities in the seedling tray;

[0012] The seedling tray conveying mechanism is used to control the movement of the seedling tray.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the orientation mechanism further includes a vibrator fixed on the frame. The seed filling plate is directly or indirectly mounted on the vibrator. The vibrator is a linear vibrator, and the feeding direction of the vibrator is arranged forward along the long axis direction of the positioning holes, so that when the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, their bud openings are gradually lifted by the positioning convex platform, so that the bud openings of the seeds fall above the air blowing holes.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, an orientation shunt plate is arranged between the seed filling plate and the vibrator. The orientation shunt plate is mounted on the vibrator. An air blowing flow channel is arranged inside the orientation shunt plate. The seed filling plate is mounted on the orientation shunt plate. The air blowing flow channel is communicated with each of the air blowing holes to provide a positive pressure air flow to each of the air blowing holes.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, after the positive pressure air flow is introduced into the air blowing holes, a positive pressure air flow field is formed above the air blowing holes. The upper part of the air blowing hole is a conical hole with a gradually expanding aperture from bottom to top, so that the action area of the positive pressure air flow field extends radially outwards as the height increases.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the directional convex platform is gradually raised from the middle of the positioning hole towards the front end in the long axis direction, and an air blowing platform is arranged at the end in the long axis direction. The air blowing platform is arranged flat, and the air blowing holes are arranged on the air blowing platform.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the quantitative seed supply mechanism includes a seed box with an open top, an external groove wheel disposed in the seed box, a first driving assembly for driving the external groove wheel to rotate, a seed guiding plate disposed below the seed box, and a seed storage plate located on one side below the seed guiding plate. The external groove wheel has circumferentially distributed grooves to quantitatively take out the seeds in the seed box and drop them onto the seed guiding plate. The first driving assembly includes a first motor installed on the seed box and a rotating shaft driven by the first motor. The external groove wheel is installed on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the first motor through a coupling. A brush is installed on the seed box above the side of the external groove wheel to remove excess seeds.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the middle part of the seed storage plate is hollowed out, the seed filling plate is installed at the hollow position of the seed storage plate, the upper surface of the seed storage plate is flush with the upper surface of the seed filling plate, and a clearance fit is provided between the seed storage plate and the seed filling plate.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the seed scraping mechanism includes a seed scraping moving assembly installed on the frame and a scraper support driven by the seed scraping moving assembly to move back and forth linearly. The seed scraping moving assembly is installed on the frame, and the scraper assembly is installed on the scraper support. The scraper assembly includes two soft scrapers, and a seed receiving space is formed between the two soft scrapers to receive the seeds falling from the seed guiding plate. The bottom of the soft scraper abuts against the surface of the seed storage plate or the seed filling plate, so that the soft scraper scrapes the seeds falling into the seed receiving space into the respective positioning holes of the seed filling plate during the linear movement process, realizing the arrangement, positioning, and filling of large seeds.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the seedling tray conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt assembly for conveying the seedling tray and a second motor for driving the conveyor belt assembly to move. The seedling tray conveying mechanism further includes a seedling tray position sensor to detect the position signal of the seedling tray, thereby controlling the operation of the second motor.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, a method for positioning and orienting large seed sowing is provided. Using the large seed positioning and orienting sowing device described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the method includes the following steps:

[0022] The seedling tray conveying mechanism transports the seedling tray to the sowing position;

[0023] The quantitative seed supply mechanism inputs a fixed amount of seeds into the scraper assembly of the seed scraping mechanism. During the linear movement of the scraper assembly, the seeds flow through the seed filling plate of the orientation adjusting mechanism, and single seeds are filled into the positioning holes.

[0024] The seed in the positioning hole realizes the long-axis orientation and the bud mouth orientation adjustment under the action of vibration, the orientation boss and the positive pressure pneumatic force in the air blowing hole.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present application at least have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The quantitative seed supply mechanism is adopted to input a fixed quantity of seeds into the scraper assembly, avoiding the problems of seed jamming caused by excessive quantity or seed leakage caused by insufficient quantity during the seed filling process, and improving the accuracy of single-seed filling.

[0027] (2) The seed scraping mechanism is adopted to make the seeds flow quickly and fill into the positioning holes, improving the operation efficiency of single-seed filling.

[0028] (3) For the seeds with the bud mouth facing the same direction as the feeding direction in the positioning holes, that is, the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, the orientation adjustment mechanism utilizes the physical property that the center of gravity of large seeds is close to the tail, and makes the seeds flip in the ellipsoidal holes to realize the bud mouth orientation adjustment, without the need to use visual detection to detect the bud mouth direction of the seeds and then mechanically adjust the seeds, which has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0029] (4) The seeds falling into the positioning holes realize the long-axis orientation and the bud mouth orientation adjustment under the action of vibration, the orientation boss and the positive pressure pneumatic force in the air blowing hole, and have strong adaptability to large seeds of the same variety with different external dimensions, and have the advantages of not jamming seeds, not damaging seeds, and high bud mouth orientation adjustment efficiency.

[0030] (5) For large seeds of different varieties, the positioning holes of the seed filling plate can be designed according to the external dimension characteristics of the seeds, and have strong adaptability to the positioning and orientation sowing requirements of large seeds of different varieties. Description of the Drawings

[0031] The following further describes the present application with reference to the drawings and embodiments;

[0032] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the large-seed positioning and orientation sowing device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the orientation adjustment mechanism in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 is the cross-sectional view of the orientation adjustment mechanism in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of the A circle in

[0036] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional view of a single positioning hole on the seed filling plate in this embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 It is the top view of a single positioning hole on the seed filling plate in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 7 It is the structural schematic diagram of the seed filling plate in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 The partial enlarged view of the B circle in, where the seeds are shown in the forward positioning state;

[0040] Figure 9 It is Figure 7 The partial enlarged view of the C circle in, where the seeds are shown in the reverse positioning state;

[0041] Figure 10 The structural schematic diagram of the quantitative seed feeding mechanism in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 11 The structural schematic diagram of the seed scraping mechanism in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 12 The structural schematic diagram of the seed dropping mechanism in this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 13 The cross-sectional view of the seed suction and discharge assembly in this embodiment.

[0045] Reference numerals: frame 100;

[0046] Quantitative seed feeding mechanism 200, seed box 210, first motor 221, coupling 222, rotating shaft 223, external groove wheel 231, brush 241, seed guiding plate 251, seed storage plate 261, enclosing plate 262;

[0047] Seed scraping mechanism 300, seed scraping moving assembly 310, scraper support 321, soft scraper 331;

[0048] Orientation adjusting mechanism 400, seed filling plate 411, positioning hole 412, seed guiding tapered hole 4121, ellipsoidal hole 4122, stepped hole 4123, orientation convex platform 4124, air blowing hole 4125, orientation adjusting shunt plate 421, air blowing flow channel 422, vibrator 431;

[0049] Seed dropping mechanism 500, horizontal moving assembly 510, lifting assembly 520, seed suction and discharge assembly 530, support plate 531, air path shunt plate 532, suction needle 533;

[0050] Seed tray conveying mechanism 600, second motor 611, conveyor belt assembly 620, seed tray positioning sensor 631;

[0051] Seed tray 710, seed holes 720;

[0052] Seed 800. Detailed Embodiment

[0053] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present application more apparent and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0055] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0056] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0058] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0059] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 13 , this embodiment describes a large-seed positioning and orienting seeding device, which includes a frame 100, a quantitative seed supply mechanism 200, a seed scraping mechanism 300, an orientation adjustment mechanism 400, a seed throwing mechanism 500 and a seedling tray conveying mechanism 600.

[0060] As Figure 1 shown, the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600 is installed on the frame 100, and the seed throwing mechanism 500 straddles above the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600 and the orientation adjustment mechanism 400. The quantitative seed supply mechanism 200, the seed scraping mechanism 300 and the orientation adjustment mechanism 400 are arranged on one side of the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600, and the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200 and the seed scraping mechanism 300 are located above the orientation adjustment mechanism 400.

[0061] As Figure 1 shown, a seedling tray 710 is provided on the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600, and the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600 is used to control the movement of the seedling tray 710.

[0062] Among them, the seedling tray 710 has several groups of holes 720. Refer to Figures 1 to 3, the direction adjusting mechanism 400 includes a seed filling plate 411, and at least one set of positioning holes 412 are provided on the seed filling plate 411 according to the specifications of the seedling tray. In the large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device of this embodiment, the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200 replenishes seeds quantitatively to the seed scraping mechanism 300; the seed scraping mechanism 300 is used to push the quantitative seeds so that the seeds quickly fall into a set of positioning holes 412 of the direction adjusting mechanism 400, realizing the arrangement, positioning and filling of the seeds; the direction adjusting mechanism 400 is used to adjust the orientation of the seeds falling into each positioning hole 412 so that the germinal apertures of all seeds are consistent with the long axis direction; the seed dropping mechanism 500 is used to synchronously suck a set of positioned and oriented seeds from the positioning holes 412 of the direction adjusting mechanism 400 and put them into the corresponding seed holes 720 in the seedling tray 710.

[0063] The quantitative seed supply mechanism 200 is installed on one side of the frame 100 and is used to replenish seeds quantitatively to the seed scraping mechanism 300. Specifically, referring to Figure 10 , the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200 includes a seed box 210 with an open top, an external fluted roller 231 arranged in the seed box 210, a first driving assembly for driving the external fluted roller 231 to rotate, a seed guiding plate 251 arranged below the seed box 210, and a seed storage plate 261 located on one side below the seed guiding plate 251. The first driving assembly includes a first motor 221 installed on the seed box 210 and a rotating shaft 223 driven by the first motor 221. The external fluted roller 231 is installed on the rotating shaft 223, and the rotating shaft 223 is connected to the driving shaft of the first motor 221 through a coupling 222. It can be understood that the first motor 221 drives the external fluted roller 231 to rotate through the rotating shaft 223. The external fluted roller 231 has circumferentially distributed grooves, and the quantitative seeds are controlled by the grooves. When the external fluted roller 231 rotates, the seeds in each groove fall onto the seed guiding plate 251. By the circumferentially distributed grooves of the external fluted roller 231, the seeds in the seed box 210 are quantitatively taken out and fall onto the seed guiding plate 251. The seed guiding plate 251 is inclined, and the seeds on the seed guiding plate 251 fall onto the seed storage plate 261. A brush 241 is installed on the seed box 210 above the side of the external fluted roller 231 to remove the excess seeds.

[0064] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 10 , the middle part of the seed storage plate 261 is hollowed out, the seed filling plate 411 is installed at the hollow position of the seed storage plate 261, the upper surface of the seed storage plate 261 is flush with the upper surface of the seed filling plate 411, and a clearance fit is provided between the seed storage plate 261 and the seed filling plate 411. Among them, as Figure 10 shown, a surrounding plate 262 is provided around the seed storage plate 261. It should be mentioned that Figure 1 the surrounding plate 262 is not shown.

[0065] Combined with Figure 1, the seed scraping mechanism 300 includes a scraper assembly that can move back and forth linearly on the upper surface of the seed filling plate 411. The scraper assembly 300 receives the seeds input by the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200. During the linear movement, the scraper assembly pushes the quantitative seeds, causing the seeds to quickly fall into a set of positioning holes 412 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400, realizing the arrangement, positioning, and filling of the seeds.

[0066] Specifically, in combination with Figure 11 , the seed scraping mechanism 300 includes a seed scraping moving assembly 310 installed on the frame 100 and a scraper support 321 driven by the seed scraping moving assembly 310 to move back and forth linearly. The seed scraping moving assembly 310 is installed on the frame 100, and the scraper assembly is installed on the scraper support 321. The scraper assembly includes two soft scrapers 331. A seed receiving space is formed between the two soft scrapers 331 to receive the seeds falling from the seed guiding plate 251. As Figure 1 can be seen, the seeds fall from the seed guiding plate 251 into the seed receiving space. In this embodiment, the seed scraping moving assembly 310 uses a linear cylinder assembly or a linear motor assembly. The scraper support 321 is installed on its moving slider. The linear cylinder assembly and the linear motor assembly are prior arts, and their specific structures will not be elaborated. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate specifications. Of course, in other embodiments, the seed scraping moving assembly 310 can use other linear drive assemblies, such as a motor combined with a gear and rack transmission mechanism. It can be understood that the bottom of the soft scraper 331 abuts against the surface of the seed storage plate 261 or the seed filling plate 411. During the linear movement, the soft scraper 331 scrapes the seeds falling into the seed dropping space into each positioning hole 412 of the seed filling plate 411, realizing the arrangement, positioning, and filling of large seeds. Among them, the soft scraper 331 is made of a soft material such as rubber, ensuring that the scraper 331 fits closely when moving relative to the seed storage plate 261 or the seed filling plate 411 and has a certain softness to prevent scratching the seeds.

[0067] Referring to Figures 2 to 9 , the orientation adjustment mechanism 400 is used to adjust the orientation of the seeds falling into each positioning hole 412, so that the germ openings of all seeds are aligned with the long axis direction.

[0068] As Figures 4 to 6 shown, the positioning hole 412 includes a seed guiding conical hole 4121 for guiding the seeds to fall and an ellipsoidal hole 4122 for restricting the long axis direction of the seeds. The long axis direction of the positioning hole 412 is set along the front-back direction. The seed guiding conical hole 4121 and the ellipsoidal hole 4122 are arranged up and down, and a stepped hole 4123 is provided between them. A directional boss 4124 is provided on the front side of the stepped hole 4123. The directional boss 4124 is raised from the middle position of the positioning hole 412 to the front end in the long axis direction. The long axis direction of the positioning hole 412 can be understood in combination with Figure 2 , Figure 5 for understanding.

[0069] Two soft scraping plates 331 receive the seeds falling from the seed guiding plate 251 on one side of the seed storage plate 261, and then push the seeds to the other side of the seed storage plate 261. When the seeds flow through the positioning holes 412 on the seed filling plate 411, under the action of the soft scraping plates 331 and gravity, the seeds are respectively filled into the positioning holes 412.

[0070] In this embodiment, under the push of the seed scraping mechanism 300, the seeds falling into the positioning holes 412 can be positioned through the seed guiding conical holes 4121 and the ellipsoidal holes 4122, realizing the arranged positioning and filling of the seeds. However, when the seeds fall into the positioning holes 412, although the long axis direction is positioned, there is a problem that the germinal apertures of the seeds are not in the same orientation. Combining Figures 7 to 9 for understanding, when the seeds fall into the positioning holes 412, there are forward positioning states and reverse positioning states. The forward positioning state is that the seed 800 falls into the ellipsoidal hole 4122 and the germinal aperture of the seed 800 is away from the orientation convex platform 4124, as Figure 8 shown. The reverse positioning state is that the seed 800 falls into the ellipsoidal hole 4122 and the germinal aperture of the seed 800 lands above the orientation convex platform 4124, as Figure 9 shown.

[0071] Referring to Figures 4 to 6 , the orientation convex platform 4124 is provided with air blowing holes 4125 to blow air at the position of the germinal aperture of the seeds, so that the seeds are oriented, thereby adjusting the seeds in the reverse positioning state to the forward positioning state.

[0072] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the orientation mechanism 400 further includes a vibrator 431 fixed on the frame 100. The seed filling plate 411 is directly or indirectly mounted on the vibrator 431. The vibrator 431 is a linear vibrator, and the feeding direction of the vibrator 431 is set forward along the long axis direction of the positioning holes 412, so that when the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, their germinal apertures are gradually lifted by the positioning convex platform 4124, so that the germinal apertures of the seeds land above the air blowing holes 4125. It should be described that there is an included angle between the vibration direction of the vibrator 431 and the long axis direction of the positioning holes 412. During the vibration of the vibrator 431, a component force along the long axis direction of the positioning holes 412 and a component force in the up and down directions will be generated on the seed filling plate 411. Under the vibration excitation of the vibrator 431, the seed filling plate 411 generates a forward acting force on the seeds, that is, the feeding direction of the vibrator 431 for the seeds is forward. On the one hand, under the vibration excitation of the vibrator 431, the seeds flow through the positioning holes 412 on the seed filling plate 411 and are more likely to fall into the ellipsoidal holes 4122, realizing the preliminary orientation of the seeds along the long axis; on the other hand, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 9, when the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, the seeds move forward under the vibration excitation, and the seed germ apertures are gradually lifted by the positioning bosses 4124, and the germ apertures will eventually fall above the air blowing holes 4125.

[0073] In addition, a direction-adjusting and flow-splitting plate 421 is provided between the seed filling plate 411 and the vibrator 431. The direction-adjusting and flow-splitting plate 421 is installed on the vibrator 431. An air blowing channel 422 is provided inside the direction-adjusting and flow-splitting plate 421. The seed filling plate 411 is installed on the direction-adjusting and flow-splitting plate 421, and the air blowing channel 422 is communicated with each air blowing hole 4125 to provide a positive pressure air flow to each air blowing hole 4125.

[0074] Refer to Figure 9 , at this time, the seeds 800 are in the reverse positioning state, the germ apertures of the seeds 800 fall above the orientation bosses 4124, and air is blown through the air blowing holes 4125 to the positions of the germ apertures of the seeds 800, generating a positive pressure air force on the positions of the germ apertures of the seeds 800. The seeds 800 in the positioning holes 412 are oriented in the long axis and the germ apertures are adjusted under the action of the positive pressure air force in the orientation bosses 4124 and the air blowing holes 4125, so as to adjust the seeds 800 in the reverse positioning state to the forward positioning state. The adjusted seeds 800 are as Figure 8 shown. In some embodiments, in addition to blowing air through the air blowing holes 4125 to the positions of the seed germ apertures, the vibrator 431 also operates simultaneously. The seeds falling into the positioning holes 412 are oriented in the long axis and the germ apertures are adjusted under the action of vibration, the positive pressure air force in the orientation bosses 4124 and the air blowing holes 4125. It has strong adaptability to large-grain seeds of the same variety with different external dimensions, and has the advantages of no seed jamming, no seed damage, and high efficiency of germ aperture adjustment.

[0075] After the positive pressure air flow is introduced into the air blowing holes 4125, a positive pressure air flow field is formed above the air blowing holes 4125. In some of these embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , the upper part of the air blowing hole 4125 is a conical hole that gradually expands upward. The acting area of the positive pressure air flow field above the air blowing hole 4125 extends radially outward with the increase of height. In this way, the acting area of the positive pressure air flow field can be expanded. Refer to Figures 4 to 6 , the orientation bosses 4124 are gradually raised from the middle of the positioning holes 412 to the front end in the long axis direction, and an air blowing platform is provided at the end in the long axis direction. The air blowing platform is arranged flat, which means that the air blowing platform at the end of the orientation boss 4124 in the long axis direction is not raised. The air blowing holes 4125 are provided on the air blowing platform. As Figure 9 shown, when the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, the germ apertures of the seeds fall above the orientation bosses 4124. Combining Figure 5It is understood that the air-blowing platform is set flat. Therefore, there is a certain height difference between the top opening position of the air-blowing hole and the seed bud opening. Then, the positive pressure air flow field of the air-blowing hole 4125 can cover a larger air flow radius at the height position of the bud opening. Even if the bud opening does not exactly fall directly above the air-blowing hole 4125, the positive pressure air flow field of the air-blowing hole 4125 can still cover the bud opening position of the seed 800, and can generate positive pressure air power on the bud opening position of the seed 800. It should be noted that in this embodiment, as long as the seed bud opening is within the action area of the positive pressure air flow field, it can be understood that the seed bud opening is located above the air-blowing hole 4125.

[0076] Referring to Figure 12 and 13 , the seed dropping mechanism 500 includes a horizontal movement component 510, a lifting component 520, and a seed suction and discharge component 530. The horizontal movement component 510 is fixedly connected to the frame 100. Both the horizontal movement component 510 and the lifting component 520 can adopt a linear cylinder component or a linear motor component. The lifting component 520 is installed on the moving slider of the horizontal movement component 510, and the seed suction and discharge component 530 is installed on the moving slider of the lifting component 520. The linear cylinder component and the linear motor component are prior arts, and the specific structures will not be described in detail. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate specifications.

[0077] The moving slider of the lifting component 520 is fixed to the seed suction and discharge component 530, and is used to drive the seed suction and discharge component 530 to move up and down. The seed suction and discharge component 530 includes a support plate 531, an air path shunt plate 532, and a plurality of suction needles 533. The support plate 531 is fixed to the moving slider of the lifting component 520. The positions of the suction needles 533 correspond one-to-one to the positioning holes 412 of the seed filling plate 411 in the orientation adjustment mechanism 400. The suction needles 533 are internally connected to the air path shunt plate 532, and the air path shunt plate 532 provides the negative pressure air flow required for adsorbing seeds and the positive pressure air flow required for dropping seeds. The seed dropping mechanism 500 drives the seed suction and discharge component 530 to move jointly through the horizontal movement component 510 and the lifting component 520, so as to suck seeds from the positioning holes 412 of the seed filling plate 411 and then move to the corresponding positions of the seedling tray 710 for positive pressure seed dropping.

[0078] The seedling tray conveying mechanism 600 includes a conveyor belt component 620 for conveying the seedling tray 710 and a second motor 611 for driving the conveyor belt component 620 to move. Specifically, the conveyor belt component 620 includes a driving pulley, a conveyor belt, and a driven pulley. The driving pulley is connected to the second motor 611, and the seedling tray 710 is conveyed by the conveyor belt. Those skilled in the art can refer to Figure 1 to understand the structure of the conveyor belt component 620. Since the driving operation principle of the conveyor belt is a conventional technology, it will not be described here.

[0079] The tray conveyor mechanism 600 further includes a tray positioning sensor 631 to detect the position signal of the tray 710, so as to control the operation of the second motor 611. The tray positioning sensor 631 is installed on the side of the frame 100. When the tray positioning sensor 631 detects the position signal of the tray 710 arriving, the conveyor belt assembly 620 stops moving. After the seeding of the tray 710 is completed, the conveyor belt assembly 620 runs again to perform the operation of the next tray.

[0080] This embodiment also presents a large-seed positioning and orienting seeding method, which uses the above large-seed positioning and orienting seeding device and includes the following steps:

[0081] S1. The tray conveyor mechanism 600 transports the tray 710 to the seeding position; the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200 inputs a quantitative amount of seeds into the scraper assembly of the seed scraping mechanism 300.

[0082] Specifically, the tray conveyor mechanism 600 transports the tray 710 to the seeding position corresponding to the positioning holes 412 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400. At the same time, the two soft scraper plates 331 of the seed scraping mechanism 300 are moved above the seed storage plate 261 of the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200, that is, below the seed guiding plate 251. A quantitative amount of seeds is input into the seed receiving space between the two soft scraper plates 331 through the quantitative seed supply mechanism 200. At the same time, through the horizontal movement assembly 510 and the lifting assembly 520 of the seed dropping mechanism 300, the suction and discharge seed assembly 530 is moved directly above the orientation adjustment mechanism 400, so that the position of the suction needles 533 is kept corresponding and consistent with the position of the positioning holes 412 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400.

[0083] S2. During the linear movement of the scraper assembly, the seeds flow through the seed filling plate 411 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400, and single seeds are filled into the positioning holes 412.

[0084] Specifically, driven by the seed scraping movement assembly 310, the two soft scraper plates 331 of the scraper assembly are pushed from one side of the seed storage plate 261 to the other side of the seed storage plate 261. When the seeds flow through the positioning holes 412 on the seed filling plate 411, under the action of the soft scraper plates 331 and gravity, the various seeds are respectively filled into the respective positioning holes 412.

[0085] S3. The seeds in the positioning holes 412 are oriented along the long axis and the bud openings are adjusted under the action of vibration, the orientation convex platforms and the positive pressure air in the air blowing holes.

[0086] Specifically, the vibrator 431 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400 is started, and at the same time, positive pressure air is introduced into the orientation diversion plate 421. The seeds in the positioning holes 412 fall into the ellipsoidal holes 4122 under the vibration excitation, realizing the preliminary orientation of the seeds along the long axis. Under the continuous vibration excitation, referring to Figure 8, for the seeds with the tail facing the same direction as the feeding direction, that is, the seeds are in the forward positioning state, restricted by the directional boss 4124, the pose of the seeds remains unchanged; refer to Figure 9 , for the seeds with the germ opening facing the same direction as the feeding direction, that is, the seeds are in the reverse positioning state. Since the center of gravity of the seeds is close to the tail, after the vibration displacement, the germ opening area of the seeds falls above the directional boss 4124. Under the assistance of the positive pressure air flow from the air blowing holes 4125, the seeds flip and fall back into the ellipsoidal holes 4122, achieving orientation adjustment. The seeds after orientation adjustment are as Figure 8 shown, in the forward positioning state.

[0087] S4. The seeding mechanism 500 sucks the seeds from the positioning holes 412 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400 and puts them into the corresponding hole cavities 720 in the seedling tray 710.

[0088] Specifically, the air path diverter plate 532 of the seeding mechanism 500 is connected to the negative pressure air flow. The lifting assembly 520 of the seeding mechanism 500 drives the seed suction and discharge assembly 530 to move downward. After the suction needles 533 adsorb the seeds in the positioning holes 412, the lifting assembly 520 moves upward; then the horizontal movement assembly 510 moves the adsorbed seeds above the seedling tray 710, making the centers of the suction needles 533 correspond to the centers of the hole cavities 720 of the seedling tray 710 one by one; then the adsorbed seeds are carried to the seeding position through the lifting assembly 520, and the air path diverter plate 532 is switched to positive pressure air flow, so that the seeds are separated from the suction needles 533 and fall into the hole cavities 720 of the seedling tray 710. At this time, the landing positions and the head and tail orientations of the seeds in the hole cavities 720 of the seedling tray 710 are all kept consistent.

[0089] S5. The seed suction and discharge assembly 530 of the seeding mechanism 500 resets, and the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600 positions the seedling tray 710.

[0090] Specifically, the horizontal movement assembly 510 and the lifting assembly 520 of the seeding mechanism 500 move the seed suction and discharge assembly 530 directly above the orientation adjustment mechanism 400, making the positions of the suction needles 533 correspond to the positions of the positioning holes 412 of the seed filling plate 411; the seedling tray conveying mechanism 600 positions the seedling tray 710 to the seeding position corresponding to the positioning holes 412 of the orientation adjustment mechanism 400, and execute steps S2 to S4.

[0091] Repeat steps S1 to S5 to complete the seeding work for multiple seedling trays, realizing the continuous positioning and orientation seeding operation of large seeds.

[0092] In this embodiment, a quantitative seed feeding mechanism is adopted to feed a fixed amount of seeds into the scraper assembly, avoiding the problems of seed jamming caused by excessive amount or seed leakage caused by insufficient amount during the seed filling process, and improving the accuracy of single-seed filling. The seed scraping mechanism is used to quickly flow the seeds into the positioning holes, improving the operation efficiency of single-seed filling. For the seeds with the bud opening direction in the positioning hole consistent with the feeding direction, that is, the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, the orientation adjustment mechanism utilizes the physical property that the center of gravity of large seeds is close to the tail to make the seeds flip in the ellipsoidal hole to achieve bud opening orientation adjustment, without the need to use visual detection of the seed bud opening direction and then mechanically adjust the seeds, which has the advantages of simple structure and low cost. The seeds falling into the positioning holes achieve long-axis orientation and bud opening orientation under the action of vibration, the orientation boss and the positive pressure air in the air blowing holes, and have strong adaptability to large seeds of the same variety with different external dimensions, and have the advantages of no seed jamming, no seed damage, and high bud opening orientation efficiency. For large seeds of different varieties, the positioning holes of the seed filling plate can be designed according to the external dimension characteristics of the seeds, which has strong adaptability to the positioning and orientation sowing requirements of large seeds of different varieties.

[0093] The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field, various changes can be made without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device, characterized in that, It includes a frame, a quantitative seed feeding mechanism, a seed scraping mechanism, an orientation adjusting mechanism, a seed throwing mechanism and a seedling tray conveying mechanism; the seedling tray conveying mechanism is installed on the frame, the seed throwing mechanism spans above the seedling tray conveying mechanism and the orientation adjusting mechanism, the quantitative seed feeding mechanism, the seed scraping mechanism and the orientation adjusting mechanism are arranged on one side of the seedling tray conveying mechanism, and the quantitative seed feeding mechanism and the seed scraping mechanism are located above the orientation adjusting mechanism; a seedling tray is provided on the seedling tray conveying mechanism, the seedling tray has a number of groups of holes, the orientation adjusting mechanism includes a seed filling plate, and the seed filling plate is provided with at least one group of positioning holes according to the specifications of the seedling tray; wherein, The quantitative seed feeding mechanism is used for quantitatively replenishing seeds to the seed scraping mechanism; The seed scraping mechanism includes a scraper assembly that can move back and forth linearly on the upper surface of the seed filling plate. The scraper assembly receives the seeds input by the quantitative seed feeding mechanism. During the linear movement, the scraper assembly pushes a certain amount of seeds, so that the seeds quickly fall into a group of the positioning holes of the orientation adjusting mechanism, realizing the arrangement, positioning and filling of the seeds; The orientation adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the orientation of the seeds falling into each positioning hole, so that the bud openings of all seeds are kept consistent with the long axis direction. The positioning hole includes a seed guiding conical hole for guiding the seeds to fall and an ellipsoidal hole for restricting the long axis direction of the seeds. The long axis direction of the positioning hole is arranged in the front-back direction. The seed guiding conical hole and the ellipsoidal hole are arranged up and down, and a stepped hole is arranged between them. A positioning boss is arranged on the front side of the stepped hole. The positioning boss is raised from the middle position of the positioning hole to the front end in the long axis direction. When the seeds fall into the positioning hole, there are a forward positioning state and a reverse positioning state. The forward positioning state is that the seeds fall into the ellipsoidal hole and the bud openings of the seeds are away from the positioning boss. The reverse positioning state is that the seeds fall into the ellipsoidal hole and the bud openings of the seeds fall above the positioning boss. The positioning boss is provided with air blowing holes to blow air to the position of the seed bud openings, so as to adjust the orientation of the seeds, and thus adjust the seeds in the reverse positioning state to the forward positioning state; The seed throwing mechanism is used to synchronously suck a group of positioned and oriented seeds from the positioning holes of the orientation adjusting mechanism and put them into the corresponding holes in the seedling tray; The seedling tray conveying mechanism is used to control the movement of the seedling tray.

2. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to claim 1, wherein: The orientation adjusting mechanism further includes a vibrator fixed on the frame. The seed filling plate is directly or indirectly installed on the vibrator. The vibrator is a linear vibrator. The feeding direction of the vibrator is set forward along the long axis direction of the positioning hole, so that when the seeds are in the reverse positioning state, their bud openings are gradually lifted by the positioning boss, so that the bud openings of the seeds fall above the air blowing holes.

3. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A direction adjusting and flow dividing plate is arranged between the seed filling plate and the vibrator. The direction adjusting and flow dividing plate is installed on the vibrator. An air blowing flow channel is arranged inside the direction adjusting and flow dividing plate. The seed filling plate is installed on the direction adjusting and flow dividing plate. The air blowing flow channel is communicated with each air blowing hole to provide a positive pressure air flow to each air blowing hole.

4. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: After a positive-pressure air flow is introduced into the air-blowing holes, a positive-pressure air flow field is formed above the air-blowing holes. The upper part of the air-blowing holes is a conical hole with a gradually expanding aperture from bottom to top, so that the action area of the positive-pressure air flow field extends radially outward as the height increases.

5. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to claim 4, wherein: The directional boss gradually rises from the middle of the positioning hole towards the front end in the long-axis direction, and an air-blowing platform is arranged at the end in the long-axis direction. The air-blowing platform is arranged flat, and the air-blowing holes are arranged on the air-blowing platform.

6. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The quantitative seed supply mechanism includes a seed box with an open top, an external groove wheel arranged in the seed box, a first driving component for driving the external groove wheel to rotate, a seed guiding plate arranged below the seed box, and a seed storage plate located on one side below the seed guiding plate. The external groove wheel has circumferentially distributed grooves to quantitatively take out the seeds in the seed box and drop them onto the seed guiding plate. The first driving component includes a first motor installed on the seed box and a rotating shaft driven by the first motor. The external groove wheel is installed on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the first motor through a coupling. A brush is installed on the seed box above the side of the external groove wheel to remove excess seeds.

7. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to claim 6, wherein: The middle of the seed storage plate is hollowed out, the seed filling plate is installed at the hollow position of the seed storage plate, the upper surface of the seed storage plate is flush with the upper surface of the seed filling plate, and a clearance fit is provided between the seed storage plate and the seed filling plate.

8. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The seed scraping mechanism includes a seed scraping moving component installed on the frame and a scraper support driven by the seed scraping moving component to move back and forth linearly. The seed scraping moving component is installed on the frame, and the scraper component is installed on the scraper support. The scraper component includes two soft scrapers, and a seed receiving space is formed between the two soft scrapers to receive the seeds falling from the seed guiding plate. The bottom of the soft scraper abuts against the surface of the seed storage plate or the seed filling plate, so that the soft scraper scrapes the seeds falling into the seed receiving space into the respective positioning holes of the seed filling plate during the linear movement process, realizing the arrangement, positioning, and filling of large seeds.

9. The large-seed positioning and orienting sowing device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The seedling tray conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt component for conveying the seedling tray and a second motor for driving the conveyor belt component to move. The seedling tray conveying mechanism also includes a seedling tray positioning sensor to detect the position signal of the seedling tray, so as to control the operation of the second motor.

10. A method for positioning and orienting the sowing of large seeds, characterized in that, Using the large-seed positioning and directional sowing device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, includes the following steps: The seedling tray conveying mechanism transports the seedling tray to the sowing position; The quantitative seed supply mechanism inputs a certain amount of seeds into the scraper component of the seed scraping mechanism. During the linear movement of the scraper component, the seeds flow through the seed filling plate of the direction adjusting mechanism, and single seeds are filled into the positioning holes; The seeds in the positioning holes are oriented in the long axis and the bud openings are adjusted under the action of vibration, the directional boss, and the positive-pressure air force in the air-blowing holes.

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