Fertilizer spreading and sowing all-in-one machine

Abstract

The fertilizer spreading and sowing all-in-one machine comprises a machine frame, a traction frame, a spreading disc mechanism, a throwing disc mechanism and a transmission mechanism, a hopper is arranged at the upper end of the machine frame, walking wheels are arranged on the lower portion of the machine frame, and the traction frame is connected with a traction machine; the sowing machine is characterized in that the sowing disc mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, the throwing disc mechanism is located below the sowing disc mechanism, the transmission mechanism is fixed to the rack and connected with the power output end of the traction machine, and the sowing disc mechanism is used for guiding fertilizer and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper to the throwing disc mechanism. The transmission mechanism is used for driving the projecting disc mechanism to rotate. According to the fertilizer spreading and sowing all-in-one machine, fertilizer and / or seeds falling on the throwing disc mechanism are evenly spread out, fertilizer spreading and sowing are carried out independently or simultaneously, and compared with manual spreading, the labor intensity is low, the working efficiency is high, and the machine is suitable for base fertilizer spreading before farmland cultivation and seed and fertilizer mixed spreading operation in pasture or meadow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a broadcaster, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. More specifically, it particularly relates to an integrated fertilizer and seed sowing machine. Background Art

[0002] Before farmland tillage, it is usually necessary to apply base fertilizer. Currently, the base fertilizer used is mainly granular fertilizer. For fields with a relatively small planting area, at present, manual fertilizer application is mainly relied on. Manual fertilizer application not only has a large labor intensity, but also has low work efficiency, and is not suitable for fertilizer application operations on large areas of fields. For crops that do not require row planting, fertilizer application and sowing can be carried out simultaneously. For example, spinach, rape, etc. Seeds and fertilizers can be mixed and then broadcast to achieve simultaneous fertilizer application and sowing. Again, currently, pastures and grasslands all adopt the method of mixed broadcasting of seeds and fertilizers for sowing and fertilizing. The tillage areas of pastures and grasslands are usually large, and manual fertilizer application and sowing cannot be relied on. Therefore, this article proposes an integrated fertilizer and seed sowing machine, which can not only perform fertilizer application or sowing separately, but also perform the operation of mixed broadcasting of seeds and fertilizers after mixing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated fertilizer and seed sowing machine.

[0004] The integrated fertilizer and seed sowing machine of the present invention includes a frame, a towing frame, a sowing disc mechanism, a throwing disc mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. A hopper for storing fertilizers and / or seeds is fixed at the upper end of the frame. Traveling wheels are arranged on both sides of the lower part of the frame. The towing frame is fixed at the front end of the frame and is used to connect with a towing machine. It is characterized in that: the sowing disc mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, the throwing disc mechanism is located below the sowing disc mechanism, the transmission mechanism is fixed on the frame, the transmission mechanism is connected with the power output end of the towing machine, the sowing disc mechanism is used to guide the fertilizers and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper to the throwing disc mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is used to drive the throwing disc mechanism to rotate. The rotating throwing disc mechanism scatters the fertilizers and / or seeds to achieve fertilizer application and / or sowing.

[0005] In the integrated fertilizer and seed sowing machine of the present invention, the sowing disc mechanism is composed of a storage disc and an adjustment disc. The storage disc is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, the adjustment disc is located below the storage disc, and both the storage disc and the adjustment disc are provided with material dropping openings for fertilizers and / or seeds to fall. The adjustment disc is connected with a material dropping adjustment pull rod, and the material dropping adjustment pull rod is used to change the angle of the adjustment disc relative to the storage disc to change the alignment size of the material dropping opening on the adjustment disc and the material dropping opening on the storage disc to achieve the adjustment of the material dropping speed.

[0006] The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention, the transmission mechanism is composed of a power input shaft, a main gearbox and a secondary gearbox. The rear end of the power input shaft is fixed to the input shaft of the main gearbox, the front end of the power input shaft is connected to the power output end of the traction machine, and the output shaft of the main gearbox is connected to the input shaft of the secondary gearbox through a power transmission shaft; the secondary gearbox is fixed to the frame in a form with the output shaft facing upwards, and a vertical disk driving shaft is fixed on the output shaft of the secondary gearbox.

[0007] The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention, the disk mechanism is composed of a disk. The disk is in a disk shape with a low middle and high around. A circular hole through which the disk driving shaft passes is opened in the center of the disk. The disk is fixed on the disk driving shaft; two U-shaped throwing plates are fixed on the upper surface of the disk. The two U-shaped throwing plates are in the same straight line direction. The inner groove of the U-shaped throwing plate forms a throwing material groove. The throwing material grooves of the two U-shaped throwing plates on the same throwing material disk face in opposite directions; through holes for the retained fertilizer and / or seeds to leak out are opened on the disk.

[0008] The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention, shaft holes through which the disk driving shaft passes are opened in the centers of the storage disk and the adjustment disk. The disk driving shaft passes through the shaft holes on the storage disk and the adjustment disk. The shaft holes on the storage disk and the adjustment disk and the disk driving shaft are in clearance fit; a longitudinal fixing rod is fixed on the frame, a transverse fixing rod is fixed on the longitudinal fixing plate, and the end of the transverse fixing rod is fixedly connected to the storage disk.

[0009] The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention, a mixing cylinder is fixed at the part where the disk driving shaft passes through the storage disk and the adjustment disk. An L-shaped mixing rod for mixing the fertilizer and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper is fixed on the mixing cylinder.

[0010] The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention, a transverse rotating rod is fixed at the front end of the frame. The rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the frame, and a plurality of limiting rods for limiting the blanking adjustment pull rod are fixed on the rotating rod.

[0011] The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention, a screen for screening foreign matters in the fertilizer and / or seeds is arranged in the hopper.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention is provided with a frame, a hopper, traveling wheels, a traction frame, a sowing disc mechanism, a throwing disc mechanism and a transmission mechanism. The hopper and the traction frame are respectively arranged at the upper part and the front end of the frame. The traction frame is connected to a traction machine. The sowing disc mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and is used for temporarily storing materials (i.e., fertilizers and / or seeds) and can adjust the discharging speed. The throwing disc mechanism is located below the sowing disc mechanism. The fertilizers and / or seeds falling from the sowing disc mechanism fall onto the throwing disc mechanism. The transmission mechanism is connected to the power output of the traction machine and converts the power output of the traction machine into the power to drive the throwing disc mechanism to rotate. In this way, the fertilizers and / or seeds falling onto the throwing disc mechanism are evenly sown as it rotates, realizing the separate or simultaneous fertilization and sowing. Compared with the existing manual fertilization and sowing, the labor intensity is low and the work efficiency is high, which is suitable for the spreading of base fertilizers before farmland tillage and the mixed spreading of seed fertilizers in pastures or grasslands.

[0013] Further, by providing a sowing disc mechanism composed of a storage disc and an adjustment disc, the storage disc is located at the bottom of the hopper and is used for storing the fertilizers and / or seeds to be sown. The adjustment disc is located below the storage disc. The adjustment disc is connected with a blanking adjustment pull rod, and both the storage disc and the adjustment disc are provided with matching blanking ports. In this way, by rotating the adjustment disc through the blanking adjustment pull rod, the alignment size of the blanking port on the adjustment disc and the blanking port on the storage disc can be changed, thereby adjusting the falling speed of the fertilizers and / or seeds to realize the adjustment of the spreading amount of the fertilizers and / or seeds.

[0014] Further, by providing a throwing disc mechanism composed of a throwing disc with a lower middle part and a higher periphery, two U-shaped throwing plates are arranged on the throwing disc, and grooves on the U-shaped throwing plates form throwing grooves. In this way, during the process that the transmission mechanism drives the throwing disc to rotate at a high speed, the fertilizers and / or seeds falling onto the throwing disc can fly out through the throwing grooves under the action of centrifugal force, realizing the even spreading of the fertilizers and / or seeds. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is the front view of the fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the rear view of the fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the left view of the fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the right view of the fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 5 It is the top view of the fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 6 It is the bottom view of the fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 7Isometric view of the fertilizer and seed sowing machine of the present invention; Figure 8 Partial isometric view of the fertilizer and seed sowing machine of the present invention; Figures 9 to 12 Are all isometric views of the parts of the broadcast disc mechanism, the throwing disc mechanism and the transmission mechanism in the present invention; Figure 13 Are all front views of the parts of the broadcast disc mechanism, the throwing disc mechanism and the transmission mechanism in the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1 frame, 2 hopper, 3 traveling wheels, 4 towing frame, 5 broadcast disc mechanism, 6 throwing disc mechanism, 7 transmission mechanism, 8 power input shaft, 9 legs, 10 sieve, 11 storage tray, 12 adjustment tray, 13 horizontal fixing rod, 14 vertical fixing rod, 15 blanking adjustment pull rod, 16 throwing disc guard, 17 rotating rod, 18 limiting rod, 19 blanking port, 20 throwing disc, 21 U-shaped throwing plate, 22 through hole, 23 throwing trough, 24 main gearbox, 25 auxiliary gearbox, 26 power transmission shaft, 27 throwing disc drive shaft, 28 mixing drum, 29 L-shaped mixing rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0018] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the front view, rear view, left view, right view, top view and bottom view of the fertilizer and seed sowing machine of the present invention are respectively given, Figure 7 and Figure 8 Its isometric view and partial isometric view are respectively given. The shown fertilizer and seed sowing machine is composed of a frame 1, a hopper 2, traveling wheels 3, a towing frame 4, a broadcast disc mechanism 5, a throwing disc mechanism 6 and a transmission mechanism 7. The frame 1 plays a role of fixing and supporting. An axle is fixed at the bottom of the frame 1, and traveling wheels 2 are arranged at both ends of the axle for the traveling of the fertilizer and seed sowing machine. The towing frame 4 is fixed at the front end of the frame 1, and the towing frame 4 is used for hanging at the rear end of a tractor so that the tractor can realize the towing of the fertilizer and seed sowing machine. In order to ensure that the frame 1 can also maintain a horizontal state when it is not hung at the rear end of the tractor, legs 9 for supporting it are arranged on the shown towing frame 4, and the legs 9 are removed when the fertilizer and seed sowing machine is in use.

[0019] The hopper 2 is fixed to the upper end of the frame 1, and the fertilizer and / or seeds to be sown are stored in the hopper 2. The sowing disc mechanism 5 is arranged at the bottom of the hopper 2, and the fertilizer and / or seeds to be sown are temporarily stored in the sowing disc mechanism 5. The throwing disc mechanism 6 is arranged below the sowing disc mechanism 5, and the fertilizer and / or seeds falling through the sowing disc mechanism 5 land on the throwing disc mechanism 6. The transmission mechanism 7 is fixed to the frame 1, the transmission mechanism 7 is located below the throwing disc mechanism 6, and the transmission mechanism 7 is connected to the power output end of the traction machine. The transmission mechanism 7 is used to convert the power output of the traction machine into the power to drive the throwing disc mechanism 6 to rotate.

[0020] In this way, the fertilizer and / or seeds in the hopper 2 fall onto the throwing disc mechanism 6 through the sowing disc mechanism 5. The throwing disc mechanism 6 rotates under the drive of the transmission mechanism 7, and throws out the fertilizer and / or seeds falling onto the throwing disc mechanism 6, so as to realize the uniform sowing of the fertilizer and / or seeds; compared with manual fertilization or sowing of seeds, the working efficiency is high, and the labor intensity is greatly reduced, which is suitable for the sowing of base fertilizers before farmland tillage and the mixed sowing of seed fertilizers in pastures or grasslands.

[0021] As Figures 9 to 12 shown, a three-dimensional view of the sowing disc mechanism, the throwing disc mechanism and the transmission mechanism parts in the present invention is given, Figure 13 and its front view is given; the shown sowing disc mechanism 5 is composed of a material storage disc 11 and an adjustment disc 12. The material storage disc 11 is located at the bottom of the hopper 2, and the fertilizer and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper 2 are located in the material storage disc 11. The adjustment disc 12 is located below the material storage disc 11, and the adjustment disc 12 is closely arranged with the material storage disc 11. The outside of the shown material storage disc 11 is fixed to the frame 1. In order to fix the inside of the material storage disc 11, a longitudinal fixing rod 14 is fixed on the shown frame 1, a transverse fixing rod 13 is fixed at the rear end of the longitudinal fixing rod 14, and the material storage disc 11 is fixed at the end of the transverse fixing rod 13. In this way, the fixation of the material storage disc 11 on the frame 1 is realized.

[0022] Both the shown adjustment disc 12 and the material storage disc 11 are provided with material dropping openings 19. The material dropping opening 19 on the material storage disc 11 is aligned with the material dropping opening 19 on the adjustment disc 12 in a certain area up and down. In this way, the materials in the hopper 2 can fall through the material dropping openings 19 on the material storage disc 11 and the adjustment disc 12 and land on the lower throwing disc 20. In order to adjust the material dropping speed, it is necessary to adjust the alignment area of the material dropping openings 19 on the material storage disc 11 and the adjustment disc 12. The shown adjustment disc 12 is connected with a material dropping adjustment pull rod 15 that can make it rotate. The material dropping adjustment pull rod 15 is hinged to the adjustment disc 12, and by pulling the material dropping adjustment pull plate 15, the adjustment disc 12 can be rotated.

[0023] To achieve the rotation of the adjustment disk 12, shaft holes through which the throw disk drive shaft 27 passes are provided at the central positions of the shown storage disk 11 and the adjustment disk 12, and the shaft holes on the storage disk 11 and the adjustment disk 12 have a clearance fit with the throw disk drive shaft 27.

[0024] When the blanking speed is set by pulling the blanking adjustment rod 15, in order to ensure that the blanking rod 15 does not move, a rotating rod 17 is provided at the front end of the shown frame 1. The rotating rod 17 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1 so that the rotating rod 17 can rotate. A plurality of limiting rods 18 are fixed on the shown rotating rod 17. By folding the limiting rods 18 upwards, the blanking adjustment rod 15 can be adjusted. After the adjustment is in place, the limiting rods 18 are lowered to limit the blanking adjustment rod 15.

[0025] The shown transmission mechanism 7 is composed of a power input shaft 8, a main gearbox 24 and a secondary gearbox 25. The main gearbox 24 and the secondary gearbox 25 are fixed on the frame 1. The front end of the power input shaft 8 is connected to the power output of the traction machine, the rear end of the power input shaft 8 is connected to the input shaft of the main gearbox 24, and the output shaft of the main gearbox 24 is connected to the input end of the secondary gearbox 25 through a power transmission shaft 26. The secondary gearbox 25 is fixed on the frame 1 with its output shaft vertically upward, and a vertical throw disk drive shaft 27 is fixed on the output shaft of the secondary gearbox 25. The throw disk 20 is fixed on the throw disk drive shaft 27. In this way, driven by the output power of the traction machine, the throw disk 20 is driven to rotate at a high speed through the main gearbox 24, the power transmission shaft 26, the secondary gearbox 25 and the throw disk drive shaft 27.

[0026] The shown throw disk mechanism 6 is composed of a throw disk 20. The throw disk 20 is in the shape of a disk with a lower middle and higher periphery. A round hole is provided at the central position of the throw disk 20, and the throw disk drive shaft 27 passes through the round hole at the central position of the throw disk 20, and the throw disk 20 is fixed on the throw disk drive shaft 27. Fertilizer and / or seeds falling from the blanking ports 19 on the storage disk 11 and the adjustment disk 12 fall onto the throw disk 20. Two U-shaped throwing plates 21 are fixed on the throw disk 20. The two U-shaped throwing plates 21 on the same throw disk 20 are fixed on the throw disk 20 in a form located on the same straight line, and the grooves on the U-shaped throwing plates 21 form throwing grooves 23.

[0027] The throw disk 20 rotates at a high speed driven by the transmission mechanism 7. The fertilizer and / or seeds falling on the throw disk 20 are gathered in the throwing grooves 23 under the action of centrifugal force and fly out at a high speed, realizing fertilizer spreading and seeding.

[0028] During the process of spreading fertilizers or seeds by the throwing disc 20, in order to prevent the fertilizers and seeds from flying forward towards the front of the machine frame 1, a throwing disc guard 16 is provided on the front side of the shown throwing disc 20. The throwing disc guard 16 is fixed to the machine frame 1. The lower end of the throwing disc 16 is open. The fertilizers or seeds flying forward towards the front of the machine frame 1 are dropped by the throwing disc guard 16 and spread in the area passed by the machine frame 1, realizing seamless spreading of the seeds and fertilizers. Through holes 22 are also formed in the shown throwing disc 20 to prevent the fertilizers and / or seeds from staying in the throwing disc 20.

[0029] Axial holes are formed in the central positions of the adjusting disc 12 and the storage disc 11. The upper end of the throwing disc drive shaft 27 passes through the axial holes of the adjusting disc 12 and the storage disc 11. In this way, by limiting the adjusting disc 12 with the throwing disc drive shaft 27, it is also beneficial for the adjusting disc 12 to rotate under the pulling action of the blanking adjusting pull rod 15.

[0030] A stirring cylinder 28 is fixed at the part where the throwing disc drive shaft 27 passes through the axial holes of the adjusting disc 12 and the storage disc 11, that is, the stirring cylinder 28 is located at the bottom of the hopper 2. An L-shaped stirring rod 29 is fixed to the stirring cylinder 28. During the rotation of the L-shaped stirring rod 29 and the stirring cylinder 28 following the throwing disc drive shaft 27, the L-shaped stirring rod 29 can stir the fertilizers and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper 2 to make them evenly mixed.

[0031] When the fertilizer and seed spreading integrated machine of the present invention is in use, first, the towing frame 4 is suspended at the rear end of the towing machine, and the power output shaft of the towing machine is connected to the power input shaft 8. Then, the fertilizers and / or seeds to be spread are introduced into the hopper 2. The power machine is started to drag the fertilizer and seed spreading integrated machine to travel in the field or pasture to be spread. During the traveling process, the fertilizers and / or seeds in the hopper 2 fall onto the throwing disc 20 through the spreading disc mechanism 5. The throwing disc 20 rotating at a high speed can evenly spread the fertilizers and / or seeds falling onto it.

Claims

1. A fertilizer and seed sowing integrated machine, comprising a frame (1), a towing frame (4), a sowing disc mechanism (5), a throwing disc mechanism (6) and a transmission mechanism (7). A hopper (2) for storing fertilizer and / or seeds is fixed at the upper end of the frame. Walking wheels (3) are arranged on both sides of the lower part of the frame. The towing frame (4) is fixed at the front end of the frame and is used for connecting with a towing machine. It is characterized in that: The broadcasting disc mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hopper. The throwing disc mechanism is located below the broadcasting disc mechanism. The transmission mechanism is fixed on the frame and is connected to the power output end of the traction machinery. The broadcasting disc mechanism is used to divert the fertilizers and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper to the throwing disc mechanism. The transmission mechanism is used to drive the throwing disc mechanism to rotate, and the rotating throwing disc mechanism spreads the fertilizers and / or seeds to achieve fertilization and / or seeding.

2. The fertilizer spreading and seeding integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: The said broadcasting disc mechanism (5) consists of a storage disc (11) and an adjustment disc (12). The storage disc is arranged at the bottom of the hopper (2), and the adjustment disc is located below the storage disc. Both the storage disc and the adjustment disc are provided with material dropping openings (19) through which fertilizers and / or seeds fall. The adjustment disc is connected with a material dropping adjustment pull rod (15), and the material dropping adjustment pull rod is used to change the angle of the adjustment disc relative to the storage disc, so as to change the alignment size of the material dropping openings on the adjustment disc and the storage disc to achieve the adjustment of the material dropping speed.

3. The fertilizer spreading and seeding integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The said transmission mechanism (7) consists of a power input shaft (8), a main gearbox (24) and a secondary gearbox (25). The rear end of the power input shaft is fixed to the input shaft of the main gearbox, and the front end of the power input shaft is connected to the power output end of the traction machinery. The output shaft of the main gearbox is connected to the input shaft of the secondary gearbox (25) through a power transmission shaft (26). The secondary gearbox is fixed on the frame (1) with its output shaft facing upwards, and a vertical throwing disc drive shaft (27) is fixed on the output shaft of the secondary gearbox.

4. The fertilizer spreading and seeding integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The said throwing disc mechanism (6) consists of a throwing disc (20). The throwing disc is in the shape of a disc with a lower middle part and higher surrounding parts. A circular hole through which the throwing disc drive shaft (27) passes is opened at the center of the throwing disc, and the throwing disc is fixed on the throwing disc drive shaft. Two U-shaped throwing plates (21) are fixed on the upper surface of the throwing disc. The two U-shaped throwing plates are in the same straight line direction. The inner grooves of the U-shaped throwing plates form material throwing grooves (23). The material throwing grooves of the two U-shaped throwing plates on the same throwing disc face in opposite directions. Through holes (22) through which the retained fertilizers and / or seeds leak out are opened on the throwing disc (20).

5. The fertilizer spreading and seeding integrated machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Axial holes through which the throwing disc drive shaft (27) passes are opened at the centers of both the storage disc (11) and the adjustment disc (12). The throwing disc drive shaft passes through the axial holes on the storage disc and the adjustment disc, and the axial holes on the storage disc and the adjustment disc and the throwing disc drive shaft are in clearance fit. A longitudinal fixing rod (14) is fixed on the frame (1), and a transverse fixing rod (13) is fixed on the longitudinal fixing plate. The end of the transverse fixing rod is fixedly connected to the storage disc.

6. The fertilizer and seed broadcaster according to claim 5, wherein: A stirring cylinder (28) is fixed at the part where the throwing disc drive shaft (27) passes through the storage disc (11) and the adjustment disc (12). An L-shaped stirring rod (29) for stirring the fertilizers and / or seeds at the bottom of the hopper (2) is fixed on the stirring cylinder.

7. The fertilizer spreading and seeding combined machine according to claim 5, wherein: A transverse rotating rod (17) is fixed at the front end of the frame (1). The rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the frame, and a plurality of limiting rods (18) for limiting the material dropping adjustment pull rod (15) are fixed on the rotating rod.

8. The fertilizer spreading and seeding integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A screen mesh (10) for screening foreign matters in the fertilizers and / or seeds is arranged in the hopper (2).

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