Production process and device of camel milk slices

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dairy product processing, and particularly discloses a production process and device of camel milk slices. The production process of the camel milk slice comprises the following steps: sterilizing camel raw milk, cooling to 1-4 DEG C, and uniformly mixing with lactase to obtain pretreated camel milk; centrifuging the pretreated camel milk to remove impurities to obtain purified camel milk; heating the purified camel milk to 8-10 DEG C, centrifuging at a high rotating speed under ultrasonic waves, and filtering with a filter membrane to obtain filtered milk liquid; concentrating the filtered milk liquid under the conditions that the temperature is less than or equal to 40 DEG C and the vacuum degree is-90 to-100 kPa until the solid content is 45 to 50 percent, so as to obtain concentrated milk liquid; adding micro-capsule bifidobacteria into the concentrated milk liquid, performing spray drying to obtain camel milk powder, uniformly mixing the camel milk powder with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, performing tabletting, spraying whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid, and performing curing to obtain a coating layer to obtain the camel milk tablets. The camel milk powder viscosity and the surface roughness of the semi-finished product of the milk tablet can be reduced, and the adhesive force of the coating layer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dairy product processing, and in particular to a production process and device for camel milk tablets. Background Art

[0002] Camel milk is rich in lactoferrin, immunoglobulins, unsaturated fatty acids and low-allergenic whey protein. However, due to its low yield and strong thermal sensitivity of its components, traditional processing technologies are prone to problems such as loss of active ingredients, poor solubility, and difficulty in forming.

[0003] A preparation method of milk tablets is disclosed in the related art. After sterilizing and concentrating milk, it is spray-dried to obtain milk powder. The milk powder is tableted to obtain a semi-finished milk tablet. After spraying a coating solution on the surface of the milk tablet and the coating solution solidifies into a coating layer, milk tablets are obtained.

[0004] However, when the above preparation method of milk tablets is used to process camel milk tablets, since the viscosity of camel milk is about 4-6 mPa·s, which is higher than that of milk and goat milk, the high viscosity will lead to poor fluidity of camel milk powder, and it is easy to cause difficulty in forming during direct tableting. Moreover, the high viscosity will result in a relatively large surface roughness of camel milk tablets, reducing the adhesion of the coating layer and causing the coating layer to be easily damaged. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the fluidity of camel milk powder and the adhesion of the coating layer of camel milk tablets during the preparation of camel milk tablets, the present application provides a production process and device for camel milk tablets.

[0006] In the first aspect, a production process of camel milk tablets provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps: S1. Sterilize raw camel milk at 70-75 °C for 15-30 s, cool it to 1-4 °C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; S2. Keep it at 1-4 °C and centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at 1800-2200 rpm to remove the impurities separated by centrifugation to obtain purified camel milk; S3. Heat the purified camel milk to 8-10 °C, centrifuge it at 3200-3800 rpm and 25-30 kHz ultrasound for 2-5 min, and then pass it through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.1-0.2 μm to obtain a filtered milk liquid; S4. Concentrate the filtered milk liquid at a temperature ≤40 °C and a vacuum degree of -90~-100 kPa to a solid content of 45%-50% to obtain a concentrated milk liquid; S5. Add microencapsulated Bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, and perform spray drying to obtain camel milk powder. Mix the camel milk powder and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose evenly according to a weight ratio of 100:(0.3 - 0.8), and press tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets; spray the whey protein - vitamin E complex liquid on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing to form a coating layer, obtain camel milk tablets.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, low-temperature sterilization at 70 - 75°C can keep the milk fat in a solid state, reduce its viscosity, and avoid the formation of a fat layer on the inner wall of the equipment during subsequent centrifugation. Lactase decomposes lactose in camel milk into easily absorbable monosaccharides. Centrifugation is carried out at 1 - 4°C to inhibit the melting of milk fat and the swelling of colloid, and reduce the viscosity of the material. 25 - 30 kHz ultrasonic waves can break the milk fat globule membrane and colloid aggregates, and a strong centrifugal force of 3200 - 3800 rpm can strengthen the sedimentation of milk fat and colloid particles, and pre-remove most large particle impurities. Passing through a 0.1 - 0.2 μm filter membrane can intercept residual tiny colloids and microorganisms. At the same time, due to pre-dispersing the particles by ultrasound, the filter membrane blockage can be reduced. By adjusting to a high vacuum of -90~-100 kPa, rapid evaporation and concentration can be achieved at a low temperature of ≤40°C, avoiding the liquefaction of milk fat caused by high temperature, maintaining the dispersed state of solid particles, and reducing the residence time of the material in the concentration equipment to prevent equipment blockage. Concentrating to a solid content of 45% - 50% can control the concentrated milk liquid at a lower viscosity, avoid coking on the inner surface of the concentration equipment, and moreover, the viscosity of the obtained camel milk powder after spray drying is also lower. Microencapsulated Bifidobacterium not only contains strains beneficial to intestinal health, but also has a smooth and hydrophobic surface. Through spray drying, it is dispersed in the camel milk powder, which can improve the fluidity of the camel milk powder, help the camel milk powder to be successfully formed during tablet pressing, and reduce the surface roughness of the semi-finished milk tablets, facilitating the improvement of the adhesion of the coating layer. Therefore, this application is more suitable for producing camel milk tablets. During the preparation of camel milk tablets, it reduces the blockage of milk fat or colloid substances in camel milk to the equipment, improves the production efficiency of camel milk tablets. Reduces the viscosity of camel milk powder, reduces the surface roughness of semi-finished milk tablets, and improves the adhesion of the coating layer.

[0008] In a specific feasible embodiment, the layer thickness of the coating layer is 15 - 25 μm.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, this application finds that controlling the layer thickness within the above range can balance impact resistance and peelability, help protect the tablets, and reduce film rupture during transportation and storage.

[0010] In a specific feasible embodiment, the moisture content of the camel milk powder is ≤3%.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the moisture content ≤ 3%, it helps to block the metabolic pathways of bacteria and molds, and helps to extend the shelf life of camel milk tablets. Moreover, when the moisture content ≤ 3%, it can further reduce the viscosity of camel milk powder and inhibit the hygroscopic adhesion of lactose in camel milk powder, which helps to reduce the formation of camel milk powder during tabletting and reduce the adhesion of camel milk powder to equipment.

[0012] In a specific feasible embodiment, the dosage of the lactase is 0.02 - 0.2% of the weight of raw camel milk.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, at an enzyme concentration of 0.02% - 0.2%, camel milk powder with lower viscosity and better fluidity can be obtained.

[0014] In a specific feasible embodiment, the addition amount of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 10 7 -10 8 CFU / g.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, within the above addition amount range, the obtained camel milk powder has good fluidity, and moreover, the viscosity is low, which can ensure that the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium in the camel milk tablets still has a high viable count after processes such as spray drying, meeting the requirements for intestinal flora regulation.

[0016] In a specific feasible embodiment, the whey protein - vitamin E complex solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 - 10 parts of whey protein, 1.2 - 1.8 parts of vitamin E, 1.6 - 2.2 parts of glycerol, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of citric acid, 0.05 - 0.15 parts of ascorbyl palmitate, and 84 - 90 parts of deionized water.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, whey protein and vitamin E form a stable emulsion through hydrophobic interaction. Glycerol adjusts the viscosity of the emulsion, which helps with spraying. Citric acid can adjust the pH of the complex solution to acidic, which helps to reduce the browning of whey protein. Ascorbyl palmitate and vitamin E cooperate synergistically, which can improve the antioxidant property of the film, helping to protect the tablets and reduce tablet oxidation. Under the above raw material ratio, the coating layer formed by the whey protein - vitamin E complex solution can not only reduce the oxidation and discoloration of the semi - finished milk tablets, but also has excellent adhesion, helping to reduce the breakage of the coating layer.

[0018] In a specific feasible embodiment, the preparation method of the whey protein - vitamin E complex solution comprises the following steps: Heat the deionized water to 48 - 52 °C, add whey protein, glycerol and citric acid, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution; Mix vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate in a weight ratio of (12 - 18):1, and treat them in a water bath at 38 - 42 °C with ultrasound at 38 - 42 kHz for 4 - 8 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenize the emulsion to obtain a homogenized emulsion; Add the homogenized emulsion to the whey protein solution, homogenize it, then perform vacuum defoaming, and concentrate it to a solid content of 9 - 11% to obtain a whey protein - vitamin E complex solution.

[0019] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, preparing the whey protein solution at 48 - 52 °C can improve the solubility of whey protein. Treating it in a water bath at 38 - 42 °C with ultrasound at 38 - 42 kHz can reduce the droplet size of the emulsion and improve the emulsion stability. Concentrating it to a solid content of 9 - 11% makes the prepared complex solution more convenient for spraying.

[0020] In a specific feasible embodiment, the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 - 3 parts of sodium alginate, 6 - 10 parts of Bifidobacterium powder, 1 - 2 parts of glycerol, and 86 - 90 parts of deionized water.

[0021] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, after sodium alginate is dissolved in water, it can form a gel network. Glycerol can not only improve the dispersibility of Bifidobacterium powder but also protect Bifidobacterium at low temperatures, improving the survival rate of Bifidobacterium during the freeze - drying process.

[0022] In a specific feasible embodiment, the preparation method of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps: Divide the deionized water into two equal parts on average. Mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre - cooled to 2 - 4 °C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 2800 - 3200 rpm for 10 - 14 min, collect the upper layer solution to obtain a bacterial solution; Heat the second part of deionized water to 42 - 48 °C, add sodium alginate, perform shear emulsification, cool down to 12 - 16 °C, add the bacterial solution, stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution, and freeze - dry the mixed solution to obtain the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, pre-cooling deionized water to 2 - 4 °C can inhibit the metabolism of Bifidobacterium and avoid the death of bacteria during the pretreatment stage. Centrifugation at 2800 - 3200 rpm can remove the insoluble carriers in the bacterial powder. Sodium alginate has a high solubility in water at 42 - 48 °C, which helps to shorten the dissolution time. Shear emulsification at 42 - 48 °C makes sodium alginate form uniform micelles. When mixed with the low-temperature bacterial liquid at 12 - 16 °C, spherical microcapsules are formed through cold-induced phase separation. During the freeze-drying process, glycerol inhibits the disordered cross-linking of sodium alginate molecular chains, reducing the surface roughness of the microcapsules. Glycerol forms hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of sodium alginate, reducing the surface energy of the microcapsules and decreasing the polar adsorption between the milk proteins in camel milk powder and the microcapsules, thereby improving the fluidity of the mixed powder of camel milk powder and microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0024] In a second aspect, an apparatus for applying the production process of the above-mentioned camel milk tablets adopts the following technical solutions: An apparatus for applying the production process of the above-mentioned camel milk tablets includes a scraped surface evaporator, a mixer, a storage bin, a feeding pump, a feeding pipe, and a control valve. The storage bin includes a hopper, a bin chamber, and a feeder. The hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the bin chamber, and the feeder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bin chamber. The feeder is connected to the feeding pump, the feeding pipe is connected between the feeding pump and the mixer, the control valve is installed on the feeding pipe, and the discharge end of the scraped surface evaporator is connected to the mixer.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the filtered milk liquid is transported to the scraped surface evaporator, and during the evaporation and concentration process, the milk liquid adhering to the inner wall of the evaporator can be scraped in real time to prevent the high-viscosity milk liquid from coking. The concentrated milk liquid after concentration is transported to the mixer. The microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is stored in the bin chamber. By controlling the feeding pump and the control valve, the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium can be added to the mixer, thus mixing the concentrated milk liquid with the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0026] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The production process of the present application is more suitable for producing camel milk tablets. During the preparation of camel milk tablets, it reduces the blockage of equipment by milk fat or colloidal substances in camel milk, improves the production efficiency of camel milk tablets, reduces the viscosity of camel milk powder, reduces the surface roughness of the milk tablet semi-finished product, and improves the adhesion of the coating layer.

[0027] 2. In the present application, it is preferably that the moisture content of the camel milk powder is ≤ 3%, which helps to further reduce the viscosity of the camel milk powder and reduce the surface roughness of the milk tablet semi-finished product.

[0028] 3. The equipment of the present application reduces the surface roughness of the milk tablet semi-finished product. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of the device for the production process of camel milk tablets in this Embodiment 1; Reference numerals: 1, scraper evaporator; 2, mixer; 3, storage bin; 31, hopper; 32, bin chamber; 33, feeder; 4, feeding pump; 5, feeding pipe; 6, control valve. Specific implementation mode

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in this application are all purchased from the market. Among them, lactase is purchased from Nanning Shanwan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the implementation standard is GB1886.174-2016. The whey protein model is WPC80. Ascorbyl palmitate is purchased from Xi'an Musen Bioengineering Co., Ltd., and the CAS number is 137-66-6. The bifidobacterium powder is Bifidobacterium longum JBLC-141.

[0031] The following further elaborates on this application in combination with examples and comparative examples.

[0032] Example Example 1 This example provides a production process of camel milk tablets, including the following steps: S1. Heat the raw camel milk to 73 °C, hold it at 73 °C for 24 s to complete the sterilization treatment. Then cool it to 3 °C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; the dosage of lactase is 0.1% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

[0033] S2. Keep it at 3 °C, and use a horizontal spiral sedimentation centrifuge to centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at a speed of 2000 rpm. Large particle impurities such as sand grains and hair are thrown to the edge of the drum and pushed to the slag discharge port by the screw, so as to remove the centrifugally separated impurities and obtain purified camel milk.

[0034] S3. Then, heat the purified camel milk by 9 °C, use a disc centrifuge, centrifuge for 4 min at a speed of 3500 rpm and under an ultrasonic wave of 27 kHz, and then pass through a filter membrane with a pore diameter of 0.15 μm to obtain a filtered milk liquid after filtration.

[0035] S4. Then, heat the temperature of the filtered milk liquid to 40 °C, evacuate to a vacuum degree of -95 kPa, and perform evaporation under heat preservation and pressure maintenance. When the filtered milk liquid is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, stop evaporation to obtain a concentrated milk liquid.

[0036] S5. Add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, and perform spray drying to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. Among them, the addition amount of microencapsulated bifidobacterium is 10 8CFU / g. Mix the camel milk powder and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose evenly according to a weight ratio of 100:0.5, and press into tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets; spray the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing into a film with a layer thickness of 18 μm, camel milk tablets are obtained.

[0037] The whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following raw materials: 8 kg of whey protein, 1.5 kg of vitamin E, 1.9 kg of glycerol, 0.2 kg of citric acid, 0.1 kg of ascorbyl palmitate, and 88.5 kg of deionized water.

[0038] The preparation method of the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following steps: Heat the deionized water to 50 °C, add the whey protein, glycerol and citric acid to the deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution.

[0039] Mix vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate according to a weight ratio of 15:1, and process under a water bath at 40 °C and ultrasonic waves at 40 kHz for 6 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenize the emulsion to obtain a homogenized emulsion; Add the homogenized emulsion to the whey protein solution, homogenize, then perform vacuum degassing, and concentrate to a solid content of 10% to obtain the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution.

[0040] The microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials: 2.5 kg of sodium alginate, 8 kg of Bifidobacterium powder, 1.5 kg of glycerol, and 88 kg of deionized water.

[0041] The preparation method of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps: Divide the deionized water into two equal parts on average. Then mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of the deionized water pre-cooled to 3 °C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 10 min, and collect the upper layer solution to obtain a bacterial solution.

[0042] Heat the second part of the deionized water to 45 °C, add sodium alginate, shear and emulsify, then cool to 14 °C, add the bacterial solution under stirring, stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Then freeze-dry the mixed solution to obtain the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a device for the production process of camel milk tablets, including a wiped film evaporator 1, a mixer 2, a storage bin 3, a feeding pump 4, a feeding pipe 5 and a control valve 6. The discharge end of the wiped film evaporator 1 is connected to the mixer 2 through a pipeline, the discharge end of the storage bin 3 is connected to the feeding end of the feeding pump 4, the discharge end of the feeding pump 4 is connected to the mixer 2 through the feeding pipe 5, and the control valve 6 is installed on the feeding pipe 5.

[0044] The storage bin 3 includes a hopper 31, a bin chamber 32, and a feeder 33. The hopper 31 is welded to the top of the bin chamber 32, and the hopper 31 communicates with the bin chamber 32. The feeder 33 is riveted to the bottom of the bin chamber 32, and the feeder 33 communicates with the bin chamber 32. The feeder 33 in this application is a liquid loss-in-weight feeder, and the discharge end of the feeder 33 is connected to the feeding pump 4. The feeding pipe 5 is connected between the feeding pump 4 and the mixer 2, and the control valve 6 is installed on the feeding pipe 5.

[0045] The working principle of the device applied to the production process of the above-mentioned camel milk tablets in this application is as follows: The filtered milk liquid is transported to the scraper evaporator 1, and the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is stored in the bin chamber 32. Then, the inside of the scraper evaporator 1 is heated to 40°C, and the vacuum is pumped to a vacuum degree of -95 kPa, and evaporation is carried out under heat preservation and pressure maintenance. During the evaporation process, the scraper inside the scraper evaporator 1 scrapes the milk liquid adhering to the inner wall of the evaporator in real time to prevent the high-viscosity milk liquid from coking. When the filtered milk liquid is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, the evaporation is stopped, and the concentration is completed to obtain the concentrated milk liquid. The concentrated milk liquid is transported to the mixer 2, and by controlling the feeding pump 4 and the control valve 6, the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium can be added to the mixer 2, so as to mix the concentrated milk liquid with the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0046] Example 2 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in the S1 step of the production process of camel milk tablets, the dosage of lactase is 0.02% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

[0047] Example 3 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in the S1 step of the production process of camel milk tablets, the dosage of lactase is 0.2% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

[0048] Example 4 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in the S5 step of the production process of camel milk tablets, the added amount of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 10 7 CFU / g.

[0049] Example 5 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in the S5 step of the production process of camel milk tablets, the added amount of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 5×10 7 CFU / g.

[0050] Example 6 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in the S5 step of the production process of camel milk tablets, microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is added to the concentrated milk liquid, stirred evenly, and then spray-dried to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 2%.

[0051] Example 7 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in step S5 of the production process of camel milk tablets, microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is added to the concentrated milk liquid, stirred evenly, and then spray-dried to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 4%.

[0052] Example 8 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in step S5 of the production process of camel milk tablets, a whey protein-vitamin E composite solution is sprayed on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing into a film with a layer thickness of 15 μm, camel milk tablets are obtained.

[0053] Example 9 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that in step S5 of the production process of camel milk tablets, a whey protein-vitamin E composite solution is sprayed on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing into a film with a layer thickness of 25 μm, camel milk tablets are obtained.

[0054] Example 10 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following raw materials: 6 kg of whey protein, 1.8 kg of vitamin E, 2.2 kg of glycerol, 0.3 kg of citric acid, 0.15 kg of ascorbyl palmitate, and 90 kg of deionized water.

[0055] Example 11 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following raw materials: 10 kg of whey protein, 1.2 kg of vitamin E, 1.6 kg of glycerol, 0.1 kg of citric acid, 0.05 kg of ascorbyl palmitate, and 84 kg of deionized water.

[0056] Example 12 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the preparation method of the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following steps: Heat the deionized water to 48 °C, add the whey protein, glycerol and citric acid to the deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution.

[0057] Mix vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate according to a weight ratio of 12:1, and process them in a water bath at 38 °C and ultrasonic treatment at 38 kHz for 8 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenize the emulsion to obtain a homogenized emulsion.

[0058] Add the homogenized emulsion to the whey protein solution, homogenize it, then perform vacuum defoaming, and concentrate it to a solid content of 11% to obtain the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution.

[0059] Example 13 The difference between this example and Example 1 lies only in that the preparation method of the whey protein-vitamin E complex solution includes the following steps: Heat deionized water to 52 °C, add whey protein, glycerol and citric acid to the deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution.

[0060] Mix vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate at a weight ratio of 18:1, and process them in a water bath at 42 °C and ultrasonic treatment at 42 kHz for 4 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenize the emulsion to obtain a homogenized emulsion; Add the homogenized emulsion to the whey protein solution, homogenize it, then perform vacuum defoaming, and concentrate it to a solid content of 9% to obtain a whey protein-vitamin E complex solution.

[0061] Example 14 The difference between this example and Example 1 lies only in that the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials: 2 kg of sodium alginate, 10 kg of Bifidobacterium powder, 1 kg of glycerol, and 90 kg of deionized water.

[0062] Example 15 The difference between this example and Example 1 lies only in that the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials: 3 kg of sodium alginate, 6 kg of Bifidobacterium powder, 2 kg of glycerol, and 86 kg of deionized water.

[0063] Example 16 The difference between this example and Example 1 lies only in that the preparation method of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps: Divide the deionized water into two equal parts on average. Then mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of the deionized water pre-cooled to 2 °C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 2800 rpm for 14 min, and collect the upper layer solution to obtain a bacterial solution.

[0064] Heat the second part of the deionized water to 42 °C, add sodium alginate, shear and emulsify it, then cool it to 12 °C, add the bacterial solution under stirring, stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution. Then freeze-dry the mixed solution to obtain the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0065] Example 17 The difference between this example and Example 1 lies only in that the preparation method of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps: Divide the deionized water into two equal parts on average. Then mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of the deionized water pre-cooled to 4 °C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 3200 rpm for 10 min, and collect the upper layer solution to obtain a bacterial solution.

[0066] Heat the second portion of deionized water to 48°C, add sodium alginate, shear and emulsify it, then cool it to 16°C, add the bacterial solution while stirring, and after stirring evenly, obtain a mixed solution. Then freeze-dry the mixed solution to obtain microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0067] Example 18 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps: S1. Heat the raw camel milk to 70°C, hold it at 70°C for 30 s to complete the sterilization treatment. Then cool it to 1°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; the dosage of lactase is 0.1% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

[0068] S2. While maintaining at 1°C, use a horizontal screw decanter centrifuge to centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at a speed of 1800 rpm. Large particle impurities such as sand grains and hairs are thrown to the edge of the drum and pushed to the slag discharge port by the screw, thereby removing the centrifugally separated impurities to obtain purified camel milk.

[0069] S3. Then, heat the purified camel milk by 8°C, use a disc centrifuge, centrifuge for 5 min at a speed of 3200 rpm and under ultrasonic waves of 25 kHz, and then pass through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.1 μm to obtain a filtered milk liquid after filtration.

[0070] S4. Then, heat the temperature of the filtered milk liquid to 38°C, evacuate to a vacuum degree of -90 kPa, and perform evaporation under constant temperature and pressure. When the filtered milk liquid is concentrated to a solid content of 45%, stop evaporation to obtain a concentrated milk liquid.

[0071] S5. Add microencapsulated Bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, and perform spray drying to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. Among them, the addition amount of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 10 8 CFU / g. Mix the camel milk powder evenly with hypromellose in a weight ratio of 100:0.3, press into tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets; spray a whey protein-vitamin E composite solution on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing into a film with a layer thickness of 18 μm, obtain camel milk tablets.

[0072] Example 19 The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps: S1. Heat the raw camel milk to 75°C, hold it at 75°C for 15 s to complete the sterilization treatment. Then cool it to 4°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; the dosage of lactase is 0.1% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

[0073] S2. Maintain at 4°C and use a horizontal screw decanter centrifuge to centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at a speed of 2200 rpm. Large particle impurities such as sand grains and hair are thrown to the edge of the drum and pushed to the slag discharge port by the screw, thus removing the centrifugally separated impurities and obtaining purified camel milk.

[0074] S3. Then, heat the purified camel milk to 10°C and use a disc centrifuge to centrifuge it for 2 minutes at a speed of 3800 rpm and under ultrasonic waves of 30 kHz. After that, pass it through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.5 μm to obtain a filtered milk liquid.

[0075] S4. Then, heat the temperature of the filtered milk liquid to 35°C, evacuate to a vacuum degree of -100 kPa, and perform evaporation under constant temperature and pressure. When the filtered milk liquid is concentrated to a solid content of 50%, stop evaporation to obtain a concentrated milk liquid.

[0076] S5. Add microencapsulated Bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, and perform spray drying to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. Among them, the addition amount of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 10 8 CFU / g. Mix the camel milk powder evenly with hypromellose according to a weight ratio of 100:0.8, press into tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets; spray a whey protein-vitamin E composite solution on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing into a film with a layer thickness of 18 μm, obtain camel milk tablets.

[0077] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the S3 step of the production process of camel milk tablets is as follows: Then, heat the purified camel milk to 9°C, use a disc centrifuge to centrifuge it for 4 minutes at a speed of 3500 rpm, and after passing through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.15 μm, obtain a filtered milk liquid.

[0078] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the S4 step of the production process of camel milk tablets is as follows: Then, heat the temperature of the filtered milk liquid to 100°C and perform evaporation under constant temperature. When the filtered milk liquid is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, stop evaporation to obtain a concentrated milk liquid.

[0079] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the S5 step of the production process of camel milk tablets is as follows: Perform spray drying on the concentrated milk liquid to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. Mix the camel milk powder evenly with hypromellose according to a weight ratio of 100:0.5, press into tablets to obtain camel milk tablets.

[0080] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps: S1. Heat the raw camel milk to 73°C, hold it at 73°C for 24 s to complete the sterilization process. Then cool it to 3°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; the dosage of lactase is 0.1% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

[0081] S2. Then, heat the pretreated camel milk by 9°C, use a disc centrifuge, under the rotation speed of 3500 rpm and ultrasound of 27 kHz, centrifuge for 4 min, and then pass through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.15 μm to obtain a filtered milk liquid after filtration.

[0082] S3. Then, heat the temperature of the filtered milk liquid to 40°C, evacuate to a vacuum degree of -95 kPa, and perform evaporation under heat preservation and pressure maintenance. When the filtered milk liquid is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, stop evaporation to obtain a concentrated milk liquid.

[0083] S4. Add microencapsulated Bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, and perform spray drying to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. Among them, the addition amount of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 10 8 CFU / g. Mix the camel milk powder evenly with hypromellose according to a weight ratio of 100:0.5, press tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets; spray a whey protein-vitamin E composite solution on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after curing into a film with a layer thickness of 18 μm, obtain camel milk tablets.

[0084] Performance detection test For Examples 1 - 19 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4, conduct the following performance detections: Use a repose angle measuring instrument to test the repose angle of the camel milk powder of each example and comparative example, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Use a Brookfield DV2T viscometer (LV type rotor, rotation speed 60 rpm) to test the apparent viscosity (mPa·s) of the camel milk powder of each example and comparative example, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0086] Use a laser confocal microscope (Keyence VK-X3000), take a flat area (5×5 mm²) on the surface of the camel milk tablet, scan to obtain three-dimensional topography data, and record the arithmetic mean roughness. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Use the cross-cut method to detect the adhesion of the coating layer. The operation is as follows: Cut a 6×6 grid on the surface of the coating layer of the camel milk tablet, stick the tape and then quickly peel it off, and rate according to the peeling area: 5B: No peeling 4B: ≤5% peeling 3B: 5 - 15% peeling 2B: 15 - 30% peeling 1B: 30 - 65% shedding 0B: >65% shedding The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1

[0089] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4 and referring to Table 1, it can be seen that compared with Example 1, the angle of repose and apparent viscosity of the camel milk powder in Comparative Examples 1 - 4 are significantly increased. Moreover, the arithmetic mean roughness of the camel milk tablets becomes larger, and the adhesion of the coating layer becomes smaller. This shows that adopting the raw material ratio and production process of Example 1 helps to improve the fluidity of the camel milk powder when preparing camel milk tablets and improve the adhesion of the coating layer of the camel milk tablets.

[0090] Combining Examples 1 - 19 and referring to Table 1, it can be seen that the angle of repose of the camel milk powder in Examples 1 - 19 is less than 40°, the apparent viscosity is less than 19 mPa·s, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the camel milk tablets is less than 2.5 μm, and the adhesion of the coating layer is 3B or above. This shows that adopting the technical solutions within the range of Examples 1 - 19 can improve the fluidity of the camel milk powder when preparing camel milk tablets and improve the adhesion of the coating layer of the camel milk tablets.

[0091] Moreover, by comparing each example, it can be seen that the adhesion rating of Example 7 is 3B, which is worse than the adhesion of the coating layer of other examples. The angle of repose of the camel milk powder in Example 7 is 38°, the apparent viscosity is 18.5 mPa·s, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the camel milk tablets is 2.2 μm, all of which are greater than the values of other examples. This shows that controlling the moisture content of the camel milk powder within the range of ≤3% helps to further improve the fluidity of the camel milk powder and improve the adhesion of the coating layer of the camel milk tablets.

[0092] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications without creative contributions to this embodiment according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A production process of camel milk tablets, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Pasteurize raw camel milk at 70 - 75 °C for 15 - 30 s, cool it to 1 - 4 °C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; S2. While maintaining at 1 - 4 °C, centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at 1800 - 2200 rpm to remove the impurities separated by centrifugation and obtain purified camel milk; S3. Heat the purified camel milk to 8 - 10 °C, centrifuge it at 3200 - 3800 rpm and 25 - 30 kHz ultrasonic for 2 - 5 min, then filter it through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.1 - 0.2 μm to obtain filtered milk liquid; S4. Concentrate the filtered milk liquid at a temperature ≤ 40 °C and a vacuum of - 90 ~ - 100 kPa to a solid content of 45% - 50% to obtain concentrated milk liquid; S5. Add microencapsulated Bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, perform spray drying to obtain camel milk powder, mix the camel milk powder and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose evenly according to a weight ratio of 100:(0.3 - 0.8), press tablets to obtain semi - finished milk tablets; spray a whey protein - vitamin E composite solution on the surface of the semi - finished milk tablets, and solidify it into a coating layer to obtain camel milk tablets.

2. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the coating layer is 15 - 25 μm.

3. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture content of the camel milk powder ≤ 3%.

4. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dosage of the lactase is 0.02 - 0.2% of the weight of the raw camel milk.

5. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The addition amount of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is 10 7 -10 8 CFU / g.

6. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The whey protein - vitamin E composite solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 - 10 parts of whey protein, 1.2 - 1.8 parts of vitamin E, 1.6 - 2.2 parts of glycerol, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of citric acid, 0.05 - 0.15 parts of ascorbyl palmitate, and 84 - 90 parts of deionized water.

7. The production process of the camel milk tablets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation method of the whey protein - vitamin E composite solution includes the following steps: Heat the deionized water to 48 - 52 °C, add whey protein, glycerol and citric acid, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution; Mix vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate according to a weight ratio of (12 - 18):1, process it in a water bath at 38 - 42 °C and 38 - 42 kHz ultrasonic for 4 - 8 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenize the emulsion to obtain a homogenized emulsion; Add the homogenized emulsion to the whey protein solution, perform homogenization, then vacuum degas and concentrate to a solid content of 9 - 11% to obtain the whey protein - vitamin E composite solution.

8. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 - 3 parts of sodium alginate, 6 - 10 parts of Bifidobacterium powder, 1 - 2 parts of glycerol, and 86 - 90 parts of deionized water.

9. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation method of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps: Divide the deionized water into two equal parts on average, mix Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre - cooled to 2 - 4 °C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 2800 - 3200 rpm for 10 - 14 min, collect the upper layer solution to obtain a bacterial solution; Heat the second part of deionized water to 42 - 48 °C, add sodium alginate, shear and emulsify, cool it to 12 - 16 °C, add the bacterial solution, stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution, and freeze - dry the mixed solution to obtain microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

10. An apparatus for a production process of camel milk tablets according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes a scraper evaporator (1), a mixer (2), a storage bin (3), a feeding pump (4), a feeding pipe (5) and a control valve (6). The storage bin (3) includes a hopper (31), a bin chamber (32) and a feeder (33). The hopper (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the bin chamber (32), and the feeder (33) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bin chamber (32). The feeder (33) is connected to the feeding pump (4). The feeding pipe (5) is connected between the feeding pump (4) and the mixer (2). The control valve (6) is installed on the feeding pipe (5). The discharge end of the scraper evaporator (1) is connected to the mixer (2).

Images