Production process and device for camel milk tablets

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of dairy product processing, and specifically discloses a production process and device for camel milk tablets. The production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps: after sterilizing camel raw milk, cooling it to 1-4°C, mixing it with lactase, and obtaining pretreated camel milk; centrifuging the pretreated camel milk to remove impurities to obtain purified camel milk; heating the purified camel milk to 8-10°C, centrifuging it at high speed and ultrasound, filtering it through a membrane to obtain filtered milk; concentrating the filtered milk to a solid content of 45%-50% at a temperature of ≤40°C and a vacuum degree of 90-100kPa to obtain concentrated milk; adding microencapsulated bifidobacteria to the concentrated milk, spray drying it to obtain camel milk powder, mixing the camel milk powder with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and then pressing it into tablets, spraying a whey protein-vitamin E compound solution, and solidifying it into a coating layer to obtain camel milk tablets. The present application can reduce the viscosity of camel milk powder and the surface roughness of semi-finished milk tablets, and improve the adhesion of the coating layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dairy product processing, in particular to a production process and device for camel milk tablets. Background Art

[0002] Camel milk is rich in lactoferrin, immunoglobulins, unsaturated fatty acids and low-allergenic whey protein, but due to its low yield and highly heat-sensitive ingredients, traditional processing technology can easily lead to problems such as loss of active ingredients, poor solubility, and difficulty in molding.

[0003] Related art discloses a method for preparing milk tablets, which comprises sterilizing and concentrating milk and then spray-drying the milk to obtain milk powder. The milk powder is then compressed into tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets. A coating solution is sprayed on the surface of the milk tablets, and the coating solution is solidified into a coating layer to obtain milk tablets.

[0004] However, when applying the aforementioned milk tablet preparation method to camel milk tablets, the viscosity of camel milk, approximately 4-6 mPa·s, is higher than that of cow and goat milk. This high viscosity results in poor flowability of the camel milk powder, making it difficult to form tablets directly. Furthermore, the high viscosity leads to greater surface roughness in the camel milk tablets, reducing the adhesion of the coating layer and making it susceptible to breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the fluidity of camel milk powder when preparing camel milk tablets and improve the adhesion of the coating layer of the camel milk tablets, the present application provides a production process and device for camel milk tablets.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a production process for camel milk tablets, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A production process for camel milk tablets comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. sterilize camel milk at 70-75°C for 15-30s, cool to 1-4°C, add lactase, and stir to obtain pretreated camel milk;

[0009] S2, maintaining the temperature at 1-4° C., centrifuging the pretreated camel milk at 1800-2200 rpm to remove impurities separated by centrifugation to obtain purified camel milk;

[0010] S3, heating the purified camel milk to 8-10° C., centrifuging at 3200-3800 rpm and 25-30 kHz ultrasound for 2-5 min, and then filtering the milk through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.1-0.2 μm to obtain filtered milk;

[0011] S4, concentrating the filtered milk at a temperature ≤ 40° C. and a vacuum degree of -90 to -100 kPa to a solid content of 45% to 50% to obtain concentrated milk;

[0012] S5. Add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk liquid, stir evenly, and spray dry to obtain camel milk powder, mix the camel milk powder and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a weight ratio of 100: (0.3-0.8), and tablet to obtain a semi-finished milk tablet; spray a whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid on the surface of the semi-finished milk tablet, and after solidifying into a coating layer, obtain a camel milk tablet.

[0013] By employing this technical solution, low-temperature sterilization at 70-75°C preserves the milk fat in a solid state, reducing its viscosity and preventing the formation of a lipid layer on the inner walls of the equipment during subsequent centrifugation. Lactase breaks down the lactose in camel milk into easily absorbable monosaccharides. Maintaining centrifugation at 1-4°C inhibits milk fat melting and colloid swelling, reducing material viscosity. 25-30kHz ultrasound breaks down milk fat globule membranes and colloid aggregates, while high centrifugal forces at 3200-3800rpm enhance the sedimentation of milk fat and colloid particles, pre-removing most large impurities. Passing through a 0.1-0.2μm filter membrane intercepts residual microcolloids and microorganisms. Ultrasonic pre-dispersion reduces filter clogging. A high vacuum of -90-100kPa allows for rapid evaporation and concentration at temperatures below 40°C, preventing high-temperature liquefaction of the milk fat, maintaining the dispersion of solid particles, and minimizing material residence time within the concentration equipment, preventing clogging. Concentrating to a solid content of 45%-50% can control the concentrated milk to a lower viscosity, avoid the concentrated milk from coking on the inner surface of the concentration equipment, and after spray drying, the viscosity of the camel milk powder obtained is also low. Microencapsulated bifidobacteria not only contain bacteria that are beneficial to intestinal health, but also have a smooth and hydrophobic surface. By spray drying and dispersing them in camel milk powder, they can improve the fluidity of the camel milk powder, help the camel milk powder to be smoothly formed during tableting, and reduce the surface roughness of the semi-finished milk tablets, which is convenient for improving the adhesion of the coating layer. Therefore, the present application is more suitable for the production of camel milk tablets. In the process of preparing camel milk tablets, it reduces the clogging of equipment by cream or colloidal substances in camel milk, and improves the production efficiency of camel milk tablets. It reduces the viscosity of camel milk powder, reduces the surface roughness of semi-finished milk tablets, and improves the adhesion of the coating layer.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the coating layer has a layer thickness of 15-25 μm.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present applicant found that controlling the layer thickness within the above range can take into account both impact resistance and peeling properties, help protect the tableting, and reduce film rupture during transportation and storage.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the moisture content of the camel milk powder is ≤3%.

[0017] By adopting this technical solution, when the moisture content is ≤3%, it helps block the metabolic pathways of bacteria and mold, helping to extend the shelf life of camel milk tablets. Furthermore, a moisture content of ≤3% further reduces the viscosity of the camel milk powder and inhibits the hygroscopic adhesion of the lactose in the camel milk powder, helping to reduce the formation of the camel milk powder during tableting and reducing the adhesion of the camel milk powder to the equipment.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the amount of lactase used is 0.02-0.2% by weight of camel raw milk.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, camel milk powder with low viscosity and good fluidity can be obtained at an enzyme concentration of 0.02%-0.2%.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, the amount of the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium added is 10 7 -10 8 CFU / g.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, within the above-mentioned addition amount range, the obtained camel milk powder has good fluidity and low viscosity, which can ensure that after spray drying and other processes, the microencapsulated bifidobacteria in the camel milk tablets still have a high number of viable bacteria, meeting the needs of intestinal flora regulation.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the whey protein-vitamin E complex solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of whey protein, 1.2-1.8 parts of vitamin E, 1.6-2.2 parts of glycerol, 0.1-0.3 parts of citric acid, 0.05-0.15 parts of ascorbyl palmitate, and 84-90 parts of deionized water.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, whey protein and vitamin E form a stable emulsion through hydrophobic interactions. Glycerol adjusts the viscosity of the emulsion, facilitating spraying. Citric acid can adjust the pH of the composite liquid to an acidic state, helping to reduce the browning of whey protein. Ascorbyl palmitate and vitamin E work synergistically to improve the antioxidant properties of the film, helping to protect the tablets and reduce tablet oxidation. With the above raw material ratio, the coating layer formed by the whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid not only reduces oxidation and discoloration of the semi-finished milk tablets, but also has excellent adhesion, helping to reduce damage to the coating layer.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the method for preparing the whey protein-vitamin E complex solution comprises the following steps:

[0025] Heat deionized water to 48-52°C, add whey protein, glycerol and citric acid, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution;

[0026] Mixing vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate in a weight ratio of (12-18):1, treating the mixture in a water bath at 38-42° C. and under 38-42 kHz ultrasound for 4-8 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenizing the emulsion to obtain a homogeneous emulsion;

[0027] The homogenized emulsion is added to the whey protein solution, homogenized, vacuum degassed, and concentrated to a solid content of 9-11% to obtain a whey protein-vitamin E complex solution.

[0028] By using the above technical solution, whey protein solution is prepared at 48-52°C, which improves its solubility. Ultrasonic treatment at 38-42kHz in a 38-42°C water bath reduces the droplet size and improves emulsion stability. Concentrating to a solids content of 9-11% makes the prepared composite liquid more suitable for spraying.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the microencapsulated bifidobacterium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of sodium alginate, 6-10 parts of bifidobacterium powder, 1-2 parts of glycerol, and 86-90 parts of deionized water.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, sodium alginate can form a gel network after being dissolved in water, and glycerol can not only improve the dispersibility of bifidobacterium powder, but also protect bifidobacteria at low temperatures and improve the survival rate of bifidobacteria during the freeze-drying process.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the method for preparing microencapsulated Bifidobacterium comprises the following steps:

[0032] Divide the deionized water into two equal parts, mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre-cooled to 2-4°C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 2800-3200 rpm for 10-14 minutes, collect the upper layer solution to obtain the bacterial solution;

[0033] The second portion of deionized water was heated to 42-48° C., sodium alginate was added, shearing and emulsification was performed, the temperature was lowered to 12-16° C., the bacterial solution was added, and the mixture was stirred evenly to obtain a mixed solution, which was freeze-dried to obtain microencapsulated bifidobacteria.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, pre-cooling deionized water to 2-4°C can inhibit bifidobacterium metabolism and prevent bacterial cell death during the pretreatment stage. Centrifugation at 2800-3200 rpm can remove insoluble carriers from the bacterial powder. Sodium alginate has high solubility in water at 42-48°C, which helps shorten dissolution time. Shear emulsification at 42-48°C causes the sodium alginate to form uniform micelles. When mixed with the low-temperature bacterial solution at 12-16°C, spherical microcapsules are formed through cryophase separation. During the freeze-drying process, glycerol inhibits the disordered cross-linking of the sodium alginate molecular chains, reducing the surface roughness of the microcapsules. Glycerol forms hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of the sodium alginate, reducing the surface energy of the microcapsules and reducing the polar adsorption of milk proteins in the camel milk powder to the microcapsules, thereby improving the fluidity of the mixed powder of camel milk powder and microencapsulated bifidobacteria.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for the production process of the camel milk tablets, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0036] A device used in the production process of the above-mentioned camel milk tablets includes a scraper evaporator, a mixer, a storage bin, a feeding pump, a feeding pipe and a control valve. The storage bin includes a hopper, a chamber and a feeder. The hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the chamber, the feeder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the chamber, the feeder is connected to the feeding pump, the feeding pipe is connected between the feeding pump and the mixer, the control valve is installed on the feeding pipe, and the discharge end of the scraper evaporator is connected to the mixer.

[0037] By adopting this technical solution, the filtered milk is conveyed to a scraper evaporator. During the evaporation and concentration process, milk adhering to the inner wall of the evaporator can be scraped off in real time, preventing coking of the high-viscosity milk. The concentrated milk is then conveyed to a mixer, where microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is stored in a chamber. By manipulating a feed pump and a control valve, microencapsulated Bifidobacterium is added to the mixer, thereby mixing the concentrated milk with the microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0038] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The production process of this application is more suitable for producing camel milk tablets. During the preparation process of camel milk tablets, it reduces the blockage of equipment by cream or colloid substances in camel milk, thereby improving the production efficiency of camel milk tablets. It also reduces the viscosity of camel milk powder, reduces the surface roughness of semi-finished milk tablets, and improves the adhesion of the coating layer.

[0040] 2. In this application, the moisture content of the camel milk powder is preferably ≤3%, which helps to further reduce the viscosity of the camel milk powder and reduce the surface roughness of the semi-finished milk tablets.

[0041] 3. The equipment of the present application reduces the surface roughness of the semi-finished milk tablets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device used in the production process of camel milk tablets in Example 1;

[0043] Reference numerals: 1. scraper evaporator; 2. mixer; 3. storage bin; 31. hopper; 32. chamber; 33. feeder; 4. feeding pump; 5. feeding pipe; 6. control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this application were commercially available. Lactase was purchased from Nanning Shanwan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., complying with GB1886.174-2016. Whey protein was WPC80. Ascorbyl palmitate was purchased from Xi'an Musen Bioengineering Co., Ltd., CAS No. 137-66-6. Bifidobacterium longum powder was Bifidobacterium longum JBLC-141.

[0045] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and comparative examples.

[0046] Example

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment provides a production process for camel milk tablets, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Heat camel milk to 73°C and maintain at 73°C for 24 seconds to complete sterilization. Then cool to 3°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk. The amount of lactase used is 0.1% by weight of the camel milk.

[0050] S2. Maintaining the temperature at 3°C, use a horizontal spiral sedimentation centrifuge to centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at a speed of 2000 rpm. Large particles of impurities such as sand and hair are thrown to the edge of the drum and pushed to the discharge port by the spiral, thereby removing the impurities separated by centrifugation to obtain purified camel milk.

[0051] S3. Then, the purified camel milk was heated to 9° C., centrifuged for 4 min using a disc centrifuge at a speed of 3500 rpm and an ultrasonic frequency of 27 kHz, and then filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.15 μm to obtain filtered milk.

[0052] S4. Then, the filtered milk is heated to 40° C., evacuated to a vacuum degree of -95 kPa, and evaporated under heat and pressure. When the filtered milk is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, evaporation is stopped to obtain concentrated milk.

[0053] S5, add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk, stir evenly, and spray dry to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%.8 CFU / g. Camel milk powder and hypromellose were uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 100:0.5, and tablets were pressed to obtain semi-finished milk tablets. A whey protein-vitamin E composite solution was sprayed onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and solidified into a film with a thickness of 18 μm to obtain camel milk tablets.

[0054] The whey protein-vitamin E complex liquid includes the following raw materials: 8 kg of whey protein, 1.5 kg of vitamin E, 1.9 kg of glycerol, 0.2 kg of citric acid, 0.1 kg of ascorbyl palmitate, and 88.5 kg of deionized water.

[0055] The preparation method of whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid comprises the following steps:

[0056] Deionized water was heated to 50° C., whey protein, glycerol and citric acid were added into the deionized water, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a whey protein solution.

[0057] Vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate were mixed in a weight ratio of 15:1, and the mixture was treated in a 40° C. water bath under 40 kHz ultrasound for 6 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; the emulsion was homogenized to obtain a homogeneous emulsion;

[0058] The homogenized emulsion was added to the whey protein solution, homogenized, vacuum degassed, and concentrated to a solid content of 10% to obtain a whey protein-vitamin E complex solution.

[0059] The microencapsulated bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials: 2.5 kg of sodium alginate, 8 kg of bifidobacterium powder, 1.5 kg of glycerol, and 88 kg of deionized water.

[0060] The preparation method of microencapsulated bifidobacterium comprises the following steps:

[0061] Divide the deionized water into two equal parts. Then, mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre-cooled to 3°C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, and collect the upper layer to obtain the bacterial solution.

[0062] The second portion of deionized water was heated to 45°C, sodium alginate was added, sheared and emulsified, and then cooled to 14°C. The bacterial solution was added under stirring and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then freeze-dried to obtain microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0063] This embodiment also provides an apparatus for producing camel milk tablets, comprising a scraper evaporator 1, a mixer 2, a storage bin 3, a feeding pump 4, a feeding pipe 5, and a control valve 6. The discharge end of the scraper evaporator 1 is connected to the mixer 2 via a pipeline, the discharge end of the storage bin 3 is connected to the feed end of the feeding pump 4, the discharge end of the feeding pump 4 is connected to the mixer 2 via the feeding pipe 5, and the control valve 6 is mounted on the feeding pipe 5.

[0064] The storage bin 3 includes a hopper 31, a chamber 32, and a feeder 33. The hopper 31 is welded to the top of the chamber 32 and is in communication with the chamber 32. The feeder 33 is riveted to the bottom of the chamber 32 and is in communication with the chamber 32. The feeder 33 of the present application is a liquid loss-in-weight feeder, and the discharge end of the feeder 33 is connected to the feeding pump 4. A feeding pipe 5 is connected between the feeding pump 4 and the mixer 2, and a control valve 6 is installed on the feeding pipe 5.

[0065] The working principle of the device of the present application for the production process of the camel milk tablets is as follows: the filtered milk is transported to the scraper evaporator 1, and the microencapsulated bifidobacteria are stored in the chamber 32. The interior of the scraper evaporator 1 is then heated to 40°C, evacuated to a vacuum degree of -95kPa, and evaporated under heat and pressure. During the evaporation process, the scraper inside the scraper evaporator 1 scrapes the milk adhering to the inner wall of the evaporator in real time to prevent the high-viscosity milk from coking. When the filtered milk is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, the evaporation is stopped, the concentration is completed, and the concentrated milk is obtained. The concentrated milk is transported to the mixer 2, and the microencapsulated bifidobacteria can be added to the mixer 2 by controlling the feeding pump 4 and the control valve 6, so that the concentrated milk and the microencapsulated bifidobacteria are mixed.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, in step S1 of the camel milk tablet production process, the amount of lactase used is 0.02% of the weight of the camel raw milk.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, in step S1 of the camel milk tablet production process, the amount of lactase used is 0.2% of the weight of the camel raw milk.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process, the amount of microencapsulated bifidobacterium added is 10 7 CFU / g.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process, the amount of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium added is 5×10 7 CFU / g.

[0074] Example 6

[0075] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process, microencapsulated bifidobacteria are added to the concentrated milk liquid, stirred evenly, and spray-dried to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 2%.

[0076] Example 7

[0077] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process, microencapsulated bifidobacteria are added to the concentrated milk liquid, stirred evenly, and spray-dried to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 4%.

[0078] Example 8

[0079] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process, a whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablet, and after solidification into a film with a thickness of 15 μm, a camel milk tablet is obtained.

[0080] Example 9

[0081] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process, a whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablet, and solidified into a film with a thickness of 25 μm to obtain a camel milk tablet.

[0082] Example 10

[0083] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the whey protein-vitamin E complex solution includes the following raw materials: 6 kg of whey protein, 1.8 kg of vitamin E, 2.2 kg of glycerol, 0.3 kg of citric acid, 0.15 kg of ascorbyl palmitate, and 90 kg of deionized water.

[0084] Example 11

[0085] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the whey protein-vitamin E complex solution includes the following raw materials: 10 kg of whey protein, 1.2 kg of vitamin E, 1.6 kg of glycerol, 0.1 kg of citric acid, 0.05 kg of ascorbyl palmitate, and 84 kg of deionized water.

[0086] Example 12

[0087] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following steps:

[0088] Deionized water was heated to 48° C., whey protein, glycerol and citric acid were added into the deionized water, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a whey protein solution.

[0089] Vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate were mixed in a weight ratio of 12:1, and the mixture was treated in a 38° C. water bath under 38 kHz ultrasound for 8 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; the emulsion was homogenized to obtain a homogeneous emulsion.

[0090] The homogenized emulsion was added to the whey protein solution, homogenized, vacuum degassed, and concentrated to a solid content of 11% to obtain a whey protein-vitamin E complex solution.

[0091] Example 13

[0092] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the whey protein-vitamin E composite solution includes the following steps:

[0093] Deionized water was heated to 52° C., whey protein, glycerol and citric acid were added into the deionized water, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a whey protein solution.

[0094] Vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate were mixed in a weight ratio of 18:1, and the mixture was treated in a 42° C. water bath under 42 kHz ultrasound for 4 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; the emulsion was homogenized to obtain a homogeneous emulsion;

[0095] The homogenized emulsion was added to the whey protein solution, homogenized, vacuum degassed, and concentrated to a solid content of 9% to obtain a whey protein-vitamin E complex solution.

[0096] Example 14

[0097] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the microencapsulated bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials: 2 kg of sodium alginate, 10 kg of bifidobacterium powder, 1 kg of glycerol, and 90 kg of deionized water.

[0098] Example 15

[0099] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the microencapsulated bifidobacterium includes the following raw materials: 3 kg of sodium alginate, 6 kg of bifidobacterium powder, 2 kg of glycerol, and 86 kg of deionized water.

[0100] Example 16

[0101] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps:

[0102] Divide the deionized water into two equal parts. Then, mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre-cooled to 2°C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 2800 rpm for 14 minutes, and collect the upper layer to obtain the bacterial solution.

[0103] The second portion of deionized water was heated to 42°C, sodium alginate was added, sheared and emulsified, and then cooled to 12°C. The bacterial solution was added under stirring and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then freeze-dried to obtain microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0104] Example 17

[0105] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium includes the following steps:

[0106] Divide the deionized water into two equal parts. Then, mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre-cooled to 4°C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 3200 rpm for 10 minutes, and collect the upper layer to obtain the bacterial solution.

[0107] The second portion of deionized water was heated to 48°C, sodium alginate was added, sheared and emulsified, and then cooled to 16°C. The bacterial solution was added under stirring and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then freeze-dried to obtain microencapsulated Bifidobacterium.

[0108] Example 18

[0109] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps:

[0110] S1. Heat camel raw milk to 70°C and maintain at 70°C for 30 seconds to complete sterilization. Then cool to 1°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk. The amount of lactase used is 0.1% by weight of the camel raw milk.

[0111] S2. Maintaining the temperature at 1°C, use a horizontal spiral sedimentation centrifuge to centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at a speed of 1800 rpm. Large particles of impurities such as sand and hair are thrown to the edge of the drum and pushed to the discharge port by the spiral, thereby removing the impurities separated by centrifugation to obtain purified camel milk.

[0112] S3. Then, the purified camel milk was heated to 8° C., centrifuged for 5 minutes using a disc centrifuge at a speed of 3200 rpm and an ultrasonic frequency of 25 kHz, and then filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.1 μm to obtain filtered milk.

[0113] S4. Then, the temperature of the filtered milk is heated to 38° C., and the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of -90 kPa. The milk is evaporated under heat and pressure. When the filtered milk is concentrated to a solid content of 45%, the evaporation is stopped to obtain concentrated milk.

[0114] S5, add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk, stir evenly, and spray dry to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. 8 CFU / g. Camel milk powder and hypromellose were uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 100:0.3, and tablets were pressed to obtain semi-finished milk tablets. A whey protein-vitamin E composite solution was sprayed onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and solidified into a film with a thickness of 18 μm to obtain camel milk tablets.

[0115] Example 19

[0116] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps:

[0117] S1. Heat camel raw milk to 75°C and maintain at 75°C for 15 seconds to complete sterilization. Then cool to 4°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk. The amount of lactase used is 0.1% by weight of the camel raw milk.

[0118] S2. Maintaining the temperature at 4°C, use a horizontal spiral sedimentation centrifuge to centrifuge the pretreated camel milk at a speed of 2200 rpm. Large particles of impurities such as sand and hair are thrown to the edge of the drum and pushed to the discharge port by the spiral, thereby removing the impurities separated by centrifugation to obtain purified camel milk.

[0119] S3. Then, the purified camel milk was heated to 10° C., centrifuged for 2 min at a speed of 3800 rpm and 30 kHz ultrasound using a disc centrifuge, and then filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.5 μm to obtain filtered milk.

[0120] S4. Then, the temperature of the filtered milk is heated to 35° C., the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of -100 kPa, and the milk is evaporated under heat and pressure. When the filtered milk is concentrated to a solid content of 50%, the evaporation is stopped to obtain concentrated milk.

[0121] S5, add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk, stir evenly, and spray dry to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. 8 CFU / g. Camel milk powder and hypromellose were uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 100:0.8, and tablets were pressed to obtain semi-finished milk tablets. A whey protein-vitamin E composite solution was sprayed onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and solidified into a film with a thickness of 18 μm to obtain camel milk tablets.

[0122] Comparative Example

[0123] Comparative Example 1

[0124] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S3 of the camel milk tablet production process is as follows: then, the purified camel milk is heated to 9°C, centrifuged at 3500 rpm in a disc centrifuge for 4 minutes, and then filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.15 μm to obtain filtered milk.

[0125] Comparative Example 2

[0126] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S4 of the camel milk tablet production process is as follows: then, the filtered milk is heated to 100° C. and evaporated while maintaining the temperature. When the filtered milk is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, evaporation is stopped to obtain concentrated milk.

[0127] Comparative Example 3

[0128] This comparative example differs from Example 1 only in that step S5 of the camel milk tablet production process is as follows: the concentrated milk liquid is spray-dried to obtain a camel milk powder having a moisture content of 3%. The camel milk powder is uniformly mixed with hypromellose in a weight ratio of 100:0.5, and tablets are pressed to obtain camel milk tablets.

[0129] Comparative Example 4

[0130] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the production process of camel milk tablets includes the following steps:

[0131] S1. Heat camel milk to 73°C and maintain at 73°C for 24 seconds to complete sterilization. Then cool to 3°C, add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk. The amount of lactase used is 0.1% by weight of the camel milk.

[0132] S2. Then, the pretreated camel milk was heated to 9° C., centrifuged for 4 min at 3500 rpm and 27 kHz ultrasound using a disc centrifuge, and then filtered through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.15 μm to obtain filtered milk.

[0133] S3. Then, the temperature of the filtered milk is heated to 40° C., and the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of -95 kPa. The milk is evaporated under heat and pressure. When the filtered milk is concentrated to a solid content of 48%, the evaporation is stopped to obtain concentrated milk.

[0134] S4, add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk, stir evenly, and spray dry to obtain camel milk powder with a moisture content of 3%. 8CFU / g. Camel milk powder and hypromellose were uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 100:0.5, and tablets were pressed to obtain semi-finished milk tablets. A whey protein-vitamin E composite solution was sprayed onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and solidified into a film with a thickness of 18 μm to obtain camel milk tablets.

[0135] Performance testing

[0136] For Examples 1-19 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the following performance tests were performed:

[0137] The angle of repose of the camel milk powder of each embodiment and comparative example was tested using an angle of repose meter. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0138] The apparent viscosity (mPa·s) of the camel milk powder of each embodiment and comparative example was measured using a Brookfield DV2T viscometer (LV rotor, rotation speed 60 rpm). The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0139] A laser confocal microscope (Keyence VK-X3000) was used to scan a flat area (5 × 5 mm²) on the surface of the camel milk slice to obtain three-dimensional morphological data and record the arithmetic mean roughness. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0140] The coating adhesion was tested using the cross-hatch method. The procedure was as follows: a 6×6 grid was cut on the coating surface of the camel milk tablets. The tape was applied and then quickly peeled off. The following ratings were given based on the area of ​​the tape removed:

[0141] 5B: No shedding

[0142] 4B: ≤5% shedding

[0143] 3B: 5-15% shedding

[0144] 2B: 15-30% shedding

[0145] 1B: 30-65% shedding

[0146] 0B: >65% loss

[0147] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0148] Table 1

[0149]

[0150] A comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4, along with Table 1, reveals that the angle of repose and apparent viscosity of the camel milk powders of Comparative Examples 1-4 were significantly increased compared to Example 1. Furthermore, the arithmetic mean roughness of the camel milk tablets increased, and the adhesion of the coating layer decreased. This demonstrates that the raw material ratio and production process of Example 1 improve the flowability of the camel milk powder and the adhesion of the coating layer when preparing camel milk tablets.

[0151] As can be seen from Examples 1-19 and Table 1, the angles of repose of the camel milk powders of Examples 1-19 were all less than 40°, the apparent viscosities were all less than 19 mPa·s, the arithmetic mean roughness of the camel milk tablets was all less than 2.5 μm, and the adhesion of the coating layers was all 3B or above. This demonstrates that the technical solutions within the scope of Examples 1-19 can improve the flowability of the camel milk powder and the adhesion of the coating layers when preparing camel milk tablets.

[0152] Furthermore, a comparison of the various examples reveals that Example 7 received an adhesion rating of 3B, which is inferior to the adhesion of the coating layer in the other examples. The camel milk powder in Example 7 exhibited an angle of repose of 38°, an apparent viscosity of 18.5 mPa·s, and an arithmetic mean roughness of 2.2 μm, all of which were greater than those in the other examples. This demonstrates that controlling the moisture content of the camel milk powder to ≤3% can further improve the flowability of the powder and enhance the adhesion of the coating layer in camel milk tablets.

[0153] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A production process for camel milk tablets, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. sterilize camel milk at 70-75° C. for 15-30 seconds, cool to 1-4° C., add lactase, and stir evenly to obtain pretreated camel milk; S2, maintaining the temperature at 1-4° C., centrifuging the pretreated camel milk at 1800-2200 rpm to remove impurities separated by centrifugation to obtain purified camel milk; S3, heating the purified camel milk to 8-10° C., centrifuging at 3200-3800 rpm and 25-30 kHz ultrasound for 2-5 min, and then filtering the milk through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.1-0.2 μm to obtain filtered milk; S4, concentrating the filtered milk at a temperature ≤ 40° C. and a vacuum degree of -90 to -100 kPa to a solid content of 45% to 50% to obtain concentrated milk; S5. Add microencapsulated bifidobacterium to the concentrated milk, stir evenly, and spray dry to obtain camel milk powder. Mix the camel milk powder and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a weight ratio of 100: (0.3-0.8), and compress the mixture into tablets to obtain semi-finished milk tablets; spray a whey protein-vitamin E composite solution onto the surface of the semi-finished milk tablets, and after solidifying into a coating layer, obtain camel milk tablets; The microencapsulated bifidobacterium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of sodium alginate, 6-10 parts of bifidobacterium powder, 1-2 parts of glycerol, and 86-90 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the microencapsulated bifidobacterium comprises the following steps: Divide the deionized water into two equal parts, mix the Bifidobacterium powder and glycerol, add them to the first part of deionized water pre-cooled to 2-4°C, stir evenly, centrifuge at 2800-3200 rpm for 10-14 minutes, collect the upper layer solution to obtain the bacterial solution; The second portion of deionized water was heated to 42-48° C., sodium alginate was added, shearing and emulsification was performed, the temperature was lowered to 12-16° C., the bacterial solution was added, and the mixture was stirred evenly to obtain a mixed solution, which was freeze-dried to obtain microencapsulated bifidobacteria.

2. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating layer has a layer thickness of 15-25 μm.

3. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the camel milk powder is ≤3%.

4. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the lactase is 0.02-0.2% of the weight of camel raw milk.

5. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of the microencapsulated bifidobacterium added is 10 7 -10 8 CFU / g.

6. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of whey protein, 1.2-1.8 parts of vitamin E, 1.6-2.2 parts of glycerol, 0.1-0.3 parts of citric acid, 0.05-0.15 parts of ascorbyl palmitate, and 84-90 parts of deionized water.

7. The production process of camel milk tablets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid comprises the following steps: Heat deionized water to 48-52°C, add whey protein, glycerol and citric acid, and stir evenly to obtain a whey protein solution; Mixing vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate in a weight ratio of (12-18):1, treating the mixture in a water bath at 38-42° C. and under 38-42 kHz ultrasound for 4-8 minutes to obtain a vitamin E emulsion; homogenizing the emulsion to obtain a homogeneous emulsion; The homogenized emulsion is added to the whey protein solution, homogenized, vacuum degassed, and concentrated to a solid content of 9-11% to obtain a whey protein-vitamin E composite liquid.

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