Complete digestible pet food and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of animal foods, in particular to a full-value digestible pet food and a preparation method thereof. The complete digestible pet food comprises chicken meat, fish meat, rabbit meat, chicken liver, sweet potatoes, cassava, chicken oil, fish oil, goat milk powder, yeast hydrolysate, cellulose, Chinese yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, chicory root powder and a composite additive. The full-value digestible pet food is comprehensive and balanced in nutrition, easy to digest and absorb, capable of effectively improving immunity of pets, improving oral health and reducing gastrointestinal problems, long in shelf life and good in palatability. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, through crushing and granulation, chewing and digestion of pets are facilitated, the contact area between the raw materials and pet digestive enzymes is increased, the digestion efficiency is improved, and the stability and bioavailability of each component are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of animal food, and particularly relates to a full-price and easily digestible pet food and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the status of pets in families is increasing day by day, and pet owners are paying more and more attention to the health and nutritional needs of their pets. As an important material basis for ensuring the health of pets, the quality and nutritional components of pet food are crucial. Traditional pet foods have many deficiencies in terms of nutritional balance, digestion and absorption rate, and functionality. The raw material collocations of many pet foods on the market are relatively simple, mainly consisting of meat and grains. Although this collocation can provide a certain amount of protein and energy, there are often deficiencies in the types and contents of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. For example, the vitamin content in some pet foods is insufficient, which can easily lead to vitamin deficiency in pets. For instance, a lack of vitamin A can cause problems such as decreased vision and dry skin in pets; the mineral content is unbalanced, such as an imbalance in the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio, which can affect the normal development of the pet's bones. Moreover, the special nutritional needs of pets are not adequately considered. For example, pets have different nutritional requirements at different growth stages (such as infancy, adulthood, old age) and in special physiological states (such as pregnancy, lactation, convalescence from illness). It is difficult for traditional pet foods to meet these diverse nutritional needs.

[0003] In terms of digestion and absorption rate, the raw material processing methods of traditional pet foods are relatively simple, such as simple crushing, mixing, and then drying or extrusion molding. This processing method makes it difficult for some nutritional components in pet foods to be fully digested and absorbed by pets. For example, if the protein in meat is not properly processed, it may be difficult for the digestive enzymes of pets to completely break down due to the relatively tight structure of the protein, resulting in a low utilization rate of protein. At the same time, the content and quality of dietary fiber in pet foods are not good. Dietary fiber is crucial for the intestinal health of pets. It can help promote intestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation, and regulate the intestinal flora. However, the dietary fiber in traditional pet foods often has a single source and insufficient content, and cannot play its positive role in the pet digestive system well. In terms of functionality, modern pet owners have higher and higher requirements for the functionality of pet foods, such as hoping that pet foods can have functions such as enhancing immunity, improving the quality of skin and hair, and preventing oral diseases. However, traditional pet foods are lacking in the addition and design of these functions.

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in traditional pet foods, it is of great practical significance to develop a full-price, easily digestible, nutritionally balanced, and multifunctional pet food. Such a pet food can better meet the nutritional needs of pets, promote the healthy growth of pets, and improve the quality of life of pets. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a complete and easily digestible pet food and its preparation method. The complete and easily digestible pet food of the present invention is not only nutritionally comprehensive and balanced, easy to digest and absorb, but also can effectively improve the immunity of pets, improve oral health, reduce gastrointestinal problems, and has a long shelf life and good palatability.

[0006] The preparation method of the present invention, through crushing and granulation, is beneficial to the chewing and digestion of pets, increases the contact area between raw materials and pet digestive enzymes, improves the digestion efficiency, and enhances the stability and bioavailability of each component.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the above purposes are as follows:

[0008] A complete and easily digestible pet food, by weight, includes 65 - 75 parts of chicken, 7 - 10 parts of fish, 6 - 10 parts of rabbit meat, 2 - 4 parts of chicken liver, 2 - 5 parts of sweet potato, 1 - 3 parts of cassava, 2 - 4 parts of chicken oil, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of fish oil, 0.7 - 1.0 parts of sheep milk powder, 0.3 - 0.6 parts of yeast hydrolyzate, 0.3 - 0.5 parts of cellulose, 0.2 - 0.4 parts of yam powder, 0.2 - 0.5 parts of pumpkin powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of blueberry powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of cranberry powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of flaxseed powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of chicory root powder, 1.5 - 2 parts of compound additive;

[0009] The preparation method of the compound additive includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1, mix maltodextrin, octenyl succinic anhydride starch ester, and pectin, add water, stir at a rotation speed of 200 - 300 rpm for 30 - 45 min until completely dissolved to obtain a wall material solution; add vitamins and rosemary extract to the wall material solution, homogenize at a pressure of 80 - 100 MPa for 2 - 3 times, and spray dry to obtain granule 1;

[0011] Step 2, dissolve hypromellose phthalate in a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil to obtain a coating solution, add polyethylene glycol, compound probiotics, mineral chelates, and granule 1, stir until evenly dispersed, use a fluidized bed, with an inlet air temperature of 30 - 35 °C, an atomization pressure of 1.2 - 1.5 bar, a liquid spraying rate of 5 - 8 mL / min, and a fluidization air volume of 60 - 80 m 3 / h, for embedding to obtain granule 2;

[0012] Step 3: Take shellac and monoglyceride, mix them, dissolve in a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water, add nano-silica for dispersion after dissolution, filter, then add Particle 2, and adopt an electrostatic coating process with a voltage of -4.5 to -5.5 kV, an atomization pressure of 0.3 - 0.5 MPa, a coating time of 20 - 30 min, and an environmental humidity of ≤50% RH, followed by drying and cooling to obtain the product.

[0013] Preferably, the vitamins are vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, and B complex vitamins. The dosage ratios of maltodextrin, octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch, pectin, vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, B complex vitamins, and rosemary extract are 15 - 20:15 - 20:50 - 60:10 - 15:2 - 3:8 - 12:5 - 8, and the concentration of the wall material solution is 22 - 26%.

[0014] Preferably, the B complex vitamins are thiamine nitrate, riboflavin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and cyanocobalamin, which are mixed in a weight ratio of 10 - 15:10 - 15:5 - 8:0.002 - 0.005.

[0015] Preferably, in Step 2, the weight ratios of hypromellose phthalate, polyethylene glycol, compound probiotics, mineral chelate, and Particle 1 are 35 - 45:2 - 4:20 - 30:15 - 25:100. In the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil, the weight ratio of ethyl acetate to coconut oil is 1:1.8 - 2.2. In the coating solution, the concentration of hypromellose phthalate is 15 - 20%.

[0016] Preferably, the mineral chelate is a mixture of iron methionine chelate, copper methionine chelate, zinc methionine chelate, and manganese methionine chelate in a weight ratio of 1:0.12 - 0.18:0.28 - 0.42:0.096 - 0.144.

[0017] Preferably, the compound probiotics are Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Pediococcus acidilactici, which are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:2.9 - 3.2:1.8 - 2.2.

[0018] Preferably, in Step 3, the weight ratios of shellac, monoglyceride, nano-silica, and Particle 2 are 8 - 12:2 - 3:0.5 - 1:100. The concentration of ammonia water is 25%, the weight ratio of absolute ethanol to ammonia water is 45 - 50:1, and the weight - volume ratio of shellac to the mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water is 1 g:6 - 8 ml.

[0019] The above preparation method of the composite additive constructs a synergistic protection system at the molecular level through a three-step progressive embedding process. Step 1: Maltodextrin crosslinks with pectin through hydrogen bonds, and octenyl succinic anhydride starch ester (hydrophobic chain) inserts into the network to form a three-dimensional network of "hydrophilic-hydrophobic double regions". High-pressure shear force forces vitamin molecules to be embedded in the hydrophobic region of the network, and rosemary extract (polyphenol) is fixed at the pectin carboxyl site through π-π stacking. The high encapsulation rate improves the heat resistance of vitamins and rosemary extract. Step 2: Enteric-coated fluidized bed embedding. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) dissolves and entangles in a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate / coconut oil (1:2), and forms a continuous enteric film during reprecipitation. The ether oxygen atom of polyethylene glycol (PEG) forms a hydrogen bond with the peptidoglycan on the surface of probiotics, "anchoring" it on the surface of mineral chelates to prevent probiotics from flying away in the fluidized bed. The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate film has a low swelling rate in gastric juice, protects probiotics, and improves the survival rate of probiotics. The intestinal pH triggers the dissolution of the film, enabling the targeted release of probiotics and mineral chelates in the colon. Step 3: Tertiary embedding. Ammonia water (NH4 + ) opens the shellac ester bond and condenses with the hydroxyl group of monoglyceride to form a "shellac-monoglyceride copolymer". Under a high-voltage electric field, the copolymer directionally wraps particle 2, and nano-SiO2 fills the pores of the shellac network to form a "nano-barrier". The oxygen permeability of the shellac-monoglyceride composite film decreases, and nano-SiO2 adsorbs environmental water molecules. The water absorption rate of the shellac film decreases from 12.5% to 3.1%, preventing probiotics from swelling and inactivating due to water absorption. The electric field drive improves the coating efficiency, and the coating time is shortened. Tertiary embedding provides a three-level barrier for components such as vitamins and probiotics. The first-level barrier wall material resists photothermal degradation, the second-level barrier enteric film resists gastric acid erosion, and the third-level barrier composite film blocks the diffusion of O2 / H2O. Tertiary embedding greatly improves the bioavailability of each component, and doubles the mineral absorption rate.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes the following functional additive components by weight: 0.05 parts of β-glucan, 0.1 part of L-lysine, 0.02 part of β-carotene, 0.01 part of lutein, 0.15 part of mannan oligosaccharide, 0.15 part of fructooligosaccharide, 0.03 part of yucca extract, 0.02 part of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, 0.005 part of yeast selenium, 0.01 part of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.001 part of D-biotin, 0.001 part of folic acid, 0.006 part of nicotinamide, and 0.05 part of choline chloride.

[0021] The preparation method of the above-mentioned full-price digestible pet food includes the following steps:

[0022] Step a, raw material pretreatment: Fresh chicken breast is treated with alternating low-frequency and high-frequency ultrasound, and fresh dressed chicken, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken liver are respectively ground to a particle size of ≤3 mm; sweet potato powder, tapioca powder, yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, and chicory root are sieved through a 80-mesh sieve.

[0023] Step b: Mix the fresh chicken breast, fresh dressed chicken, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken liver pretreated in step a with chicken oil and fish oil, and emulsify at 50-60 °C for 10-15 min; then add sweet potato powder, tapioca powder, yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, chicory root, whole milk goat powder, yeast hydrolysate, and cellulose and mix at 20-30 rpm for 25-35 min.

[0024] Step c: Extrusion granulation.

[0025] Step d: Spray the functional additive component and the composite additive on the particles obtained in step c, and dry to obtain the product.

[0026] Preferably, in step d, the spraying method is specifically as follows:

[0027] First, prepare an oil-in-water emulsion from the functional additive component: the aqueous phase is a 45-50% aqueous solution prepared by adding β-glucan, L-lysine, choline chloride, D-calcium pantothenate, niacinamide, yeast selenium, folic acid, D-biotin, mannan oligosaccharide, and fructo oligosaccharide to water, and the oil phase is an oil-phase solution with a concentration of 15-18% prepared by dissolving β-carotene, lutein, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, and yucca extract in a mixed oil of chicken oil and fish oil with a weight ratio of 1:1; mix the aqueous phase and the oil-phase solution, and add 0.8% lecithin and 0.2% monoglyceride of the total mixture mass for emulsification and homogenization, and then spray on the surface of the particles obtained in step c. The spraying temperature is 55±2 °C, the atomization pressure is 1.0-1.2 MPa, and pre-dry at 40 °C for 10 min; then suspend the composite additive in a 2.5% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (concentration 25% w / v), spray in a fluidized bed, the inlet air is 38±1 °C, the atomization pressure is 0.8-1.0 bar, and dry at 38 °C for 15 min to obtain the product.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The full-price digestible pet food provided by the present invention uses chicken, fish, rabbit meat, and chicken liver as the main protein sources. Chicken is a good source of high-quality protein, containing abundant essential amino acids such as lysine and methionine, which are crucial for the growth and muscle repair of pets. Fish is rich in high-quality protein and unsaturated fatty acids. Rabbit meat has a high protein content and its amino acid composition is relatively matched with the physiological needs of pets. Chicken liver contains abundant nutrients such as vitamin A, B vitamins, and iron, which can meet the pet's needs for these nutrients. Sweet potatoes and cassava, as sources of carbohydrates, provide the energy required by pets. The addition of chicken oil and fish oil provides the essential fatty acids for pets. Goat milk powder contains abundant protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins, which can provide comprehensive nutritional support for pets. Moreover, the fat globule particles in goat milk powder are smaller and are more easily digested and absorbed by pets.

[0030] In the compound additive, vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, compound B vitamins, etc. can meet the pet's vitamin requirements. Vitamin A plays an important role in the vision, immune system, and reproductive system of pets; vitamin D3 helps the pet's calcium absorption and is crucial for bone health; compound B vitamins participate in various metabolic processes in the pet's body, such as energy metabolism and maintenance of nervous system function. The addition of mineral chelates (such as iron methionine chelate, copper methionine chelate, etc.) improves the bioavailability of minerals and can effectively prevent pet mineral deficiency diseases. The compound additive of the present invention constructs a protection system at the atomic-molecular-micron multi-scale through a progressive three-level embedding mechanism, greatly improving the bioactivity retention rate of thermosensitive, photosensitive, and acid-sensitive components, being able to better protect the stability of these nutritional components in the pet's digestive tract, enabling them to be more effectively released and absorbed in the pet's intestine, and providing more comprehensive functional nutritional components for pets. The rosemary extract in the compound additive has an antioxidant effect, can scavenge free radicals in the pet's body, protect cells from oxidative damage, and thus enhance the pet's immunity.

[0031] Furthermore, in the functional additive component, β-glucan can activate the immune cells in the pet's body and improve the pet's immune defense ability. Yeast selenium can participate in the antioxidant enzyme system in the pet's body, enhance the antioxidant ability, and thereby improve the immunity. Components such as ω-3 fatty acids and natural lutein in fish oil have a significant promoting effect on the skin and hair health of pets. Oligosaccharides such as mannan oligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide can selectively promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the pet's intestine, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, and maintain the balance of the intestinal flora. In addition, the addition of dietary fiber can promote intestinal peristalsis, prevent constipation, and at the same time provide a fermentation substrate for intestinal beneficial bacteria to produce beneficial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, maintaining intestinal health.

[0032] The preparation method of the present invention involves alternately treating fresh chicken breast with low-frequency and high-frequency ultrasound, which can disrupt the structure of muscle fibers and make proteins more easily decomposed by the digestive enzymes of pets. Fresh dressed chickens, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken livers are minced to a particle size of ≤3 mm. Such a small particle size is beneficial for pets to chew and digest, increases the contact area between the raw materials and the digestive enzymes of pets, and improves the digestion efficiency. Emulsifying meat, chicken oil, fish oil, etc. can make fats more easily emulsified and absorbed in the pet's intestine, improve the utilization rate of fats, and also promote the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

[0033] Furthermore, in the preparation method, additives are added by spraying to avoid their inability to withstand high temperatures during the granulation process. Moreover, the oil-in-water structure of the functional additive components protects the fat-soluble components, reduces the oil-phase release rate in gastric juice, and triggers the hydrolysis of lecithin at the intestinal pH, improving the bioavailability. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Next, embodiments of the present application will be combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] The raw materials used in the following examples are all common commercially available products. Yeast hydrolyzate, active ingredient content 99%, Shandong Fangchang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; vitamin A acetate, brand: Shanzhong Rankang; vitamin D3, brand: Targetmol; thiamine nitrate (vitamin B1), 80-100 mesh, Jiangsu Caiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; riboflavin (vitamin B2), orange-yellow crystalline powder, Sichuan Huanxu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), crystalline powder, Shandong Pingju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), mesh number 120 mesh, Shandong Xinxiong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; methionine copper complex (chelate), content 99%, Hubei Haijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; methionine iron complex (chelate), brown-red powder, Jiangsu Dongju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; methionine manganese chelate, active ingredient content 99%, Shanghai Quanyan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; methionine zinc is methionine chelated zinc, purity 98%, Leshengyuan Biotechnology (Nanjing) Co., Ltd.; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate, active ingredient content 99%, Zhengzhou Yuhe Food Additive Co., Ltd.; Bacillus subtilis 100 billion, Weikehaisi (Shandong) Bioengineering Co., Ltd.; β-glucan, source from brewer's yeast, brand Plov; yeast selenium, 100 mesh, Yukong Biological; D-biotin, Shandong Fangchang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; folic acid, purity 97%, brand: Aladdin; niacinamide, brand: Aladdin; choline chloride, purity 98%, brand: Tci.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A complete and easily digestible pet food, comprising by weight: 70 parts of fresh chicken (35 parts of fresh chicken breast + 35 parts of fresh white strip chicken), 8 parts of fish (salmon), 8 parts of frozen rabbit belly, 3 parts of fresh chicken liver, 4 parts of sweet potato powder, 2 parts of cassava powder, 3 parts of chicken fat, 1.0 part of fish oil (salmon oil), 0.8 parts of whole goat milk powder, 0.4 parts of yeast hydrolyzate, 0.4 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3 parts of yam powder, 0.4 parts of pumpkin powder, 0.2 parts of blueberry powder, 0.2 parts of cranberry powder, 0.2 parts of flaxseed powder, 0.2 parts of chicory root powder. 2 parts, composite additives 1.5-2 parts; also includes functional additive components: β-glucan 0.05 parts, L-lysine 0.1 parts, β-carotene 0.02 parts, lutein 0.01 parts, manno-oligosaccharide 0.15 parts, fructo-oligosaccharide 0.15 parts, yucca extract 0.03 parts, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate 0.02 parts, yeast selenium 0.005 parts, D-calcium pantothenate 0.01 parts, D-biotin 0.001 parts, folic acid 0.001 parts, niacinamide 0.006 parts, choline chloride 0.05 parts.

[0038] The preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Mix maltodextrin, starch octenyl succinate, and pectin, add water, stir at a speed of 250 rpm for 40 min until completely dissolved to obtain a wall material solution; add vitamins and rosemary extract to the wall material solution, perform homogenization treatment twice at a pressure of 90 MPa, and then conduct spray drying. The inlet air temperature is 125 °C, the outlet air temperature is 75 °C, the atomization pressure is 0.8 MPa, and the feeding rate is 10 L / h to obtain Particle 1. Among them, the vitamins are vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, and B-complex vitamins. The dosage ratios of maltodextrin (DE ≤ 10), starch octenyl succinate, pectin (esterification degree ≥ 70%), vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, B-complex vitamins, and rosemary extract (carnosic acid ≥ 20%) are 18:18:55:12:2.5:10:7, and the concentration of the wall material solution is 24%; the B-complex vitamins are thiamine nitrate (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), and cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) with a weight ratio of 12:13:6:0.003;

[0040] Step 2: Dissolve hypromellose phthalate in a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil to obtain a coating solution, add polyethylene glycol 6000, probiotics, mineral chelates, and Particle 1, and stir until evenly dispersed. Use a fluidized bed, with an inlet air temperature of 30 °C, an atomization pressure of 1.0 bar, a spraying rate of 4 mL / min, and a fluidizing air volume of 70 m 3 / h for coating to obtain Particle 2. Among them, the weight ratios of hypromellose phthalate, polyethylene glycol, probiotic complex, mineral chelates, and Particle 1 are 40:3:25:20:100. In the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil, the weight ratio of ethyl acetate to coconut oil is 1:2. In the coating solution, the concentration of hypromellose phthalate is 18%. The mineral chelates are iron methionine complex (chelates), copper methionine complex (chelates), zinc methionine chelate, and manganese methionine chelate with a weight ratio of 1:0.15:0.36:0.115; the probiotic complex is a direct mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Pediococcus acidilactici (100 billion / g) with a weight ratio of 5:3.0:2.0;

[0041] Step 3: Take shellac and monoglyceride, mix them, dissolve them in a mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water, stir in a water bath at 60 °C until completely dissolved, then add nano-silica for dispersion, filter (through a 200-mesh sieve), then add Particle 2, and adopt an electrostatic coating process with a voltage of -5 kV, an atomization pressure of 0.4 MPa, a coating time of 25 min, and an environmental humidity of ≤50% RH, and then perform gradient drying: first at 40 °C, stand for 1 h, cure with hot air at 50 °C for 45 min, and then cool to room temperature; among them, the weight ratio of shellac, monoglyceride, nano-silica, and Particle 2 is 10:2.5:0.8:100, the concentration of ammonia water is 25%, the weight ratio of absolute ethanol to ammonia water is 47:1, and the weight-to-volume ratio of shellac to the mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water is 1 g:7 ml.

[0042] The preparation method of the above full-price digestible pet food comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step a: Raw material pretreatment: Alternately treat fresh chicken breast with low-frequency and high-frequency ultrasound for 16 min, 3 min each time, the low frequency is 20 kHz, and the high frequency is 80 kHz; respectively crush fresh dressed chicken, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken liver to a particle size of ≤3 mm; pass sweet potato powder, tapioca powder, yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, and chicory root through an 80-mesh sieve;

[0044] Step b: Mix the fresh chicken breast, fresh dressed chicken, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken liver pretreated in Step a with chicken oil and fish oil, and emulsify at 55 °C for 12 min; then add sweet potato powder, tapioca powder, yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, chicory root, whole-fat sheep milk powder, yeast hydrolyzate, cellulose, functional additive components, and compound additives, and mix in a V-type mixer at 25 rpm for 30 min;

[0045] Step c: Granulate using a twin-screw extruder: the temperature of the first zone is 75 - 80 °C, the temperature of the second zone is 85 - 90 °C, the temperature of the third zone is 110 - 115 °C, the die head pressure is 4.0 - 4.5 MPa, to obtain particles with a diameter of 2 - 3 mm, and then dry and cool to room temperature;

[0046] Step d: Prepare an oil-in-water emulsion from the functional additive components: The aqueous phase is an aqueous solution with a concentration of 47% prepared by adding β-glucan, L-lysine, choline chloride, calcium D-pantothenate, niacinamide, selenium yeast, folic acid, D-biotin, mannan oligosaccharide, and fructooligosaccharide to water. The oil phase is an oil-phase solution with a concentration of 16% prepared by dissolving β-carotene, lutein, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, and yucca extract in a mixed oil of chicken oil and fish oil with a weight ratio of 1:1. Mix the aqueous phase and the oil-phase solution, and add 0.8% lecithin (egg yolk lecithin) and 0.2% monoglyceride of the total mixture mass for emulsification and homogenization, and then spray it on the surface of the particles obtained in step c. The spraying temperature is 55 ± 2 °C, the atomization pressure is 1.0 - 1.2 MPa, and pre-dry at 40 °C for 10 min;

[0047] Step e: Suspend the composite additive in an aqueous solution of 2.5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (concentration 25% w / v), spray it in a fluidized bed, with an inlet air temperature of 38 ± 1 °C, an atomization pressure of 0.8 - 1.0 bar, and dry at 38 °C for 15 min to obtain the product.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A complete and easily digestible pet food, by weight includes: 75 parts of fresh chicken (35 parts of fresh chicken breast + 40 parts of fresh dressed chicken), 7 parts of fish (salmon), 10 parts of frozen rabbit belly meat, 2 parts of fresh chicken liver, 2 parts of sweet potato powder, 1 part of tapioca starch, 4 parts of chicken oil, 0.5 part of fish oil (salmon oil), 1.0 part of whole-fat sheep milk powder, 0.6 part of yeast hydrolysate, 0.3 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.4 part of yam powder, 0.5 part of pumpkin powder, 0.3 part of blueberry powder, 0.1 part of cranberry powder, 0.3 part of flaxseed powder, 0.1 part of chicory root powder, and 2 parts of composite additive; the functional additive components are the same as in Example 1.

[0050] The preparation method of the composite additive is the same as in Example 1. Among them, in step 1, the dosage ratios of maltodextrin (DE ≤ 10), octenyl succinic anhydride starch ester, pectin (esterification degree ≥ 70%), vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, compound vitamin B group, and rosemary extract (carnosic acid ≥ 20%) are 15:20:60:10:2:12:8, and the concentration of the wall material solution is 22%; the compound vitamin B group is thiamine nitrate (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), and cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) with a weight ratio of 10:15:8:0.005;

[0051] In Step 2, the weight ratio of hypromellose phthalate, polyethylene glycol, compound probiotics, mineral chelate, and Granule 1 is 35:4:30:15:100. In the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil, the weight ratio of ethyl acetate to coconut oil is 1:1.8. In the coating solution, the concentration of hypromellose phthalate is 15%. The mineral chelate is a complex of ferrous methionine (chelate), cupric methionine (chelate), zinc methionine chelate, and manganese methionine chelate in a weight ratio of 1:0.18:0.28:0.144. The compound probiotics are Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Pediococcus acidilactici directly mixed in a weight ratio of 5:3.2:1.8.

[0052] In Step 3, the weight ratio of shellac, monoglyceride, nano-silica, and Granule 2 is 12:2:0.5:100. The concentration of ammonia water is 25%. The weight ratio of absolute ethanol to ammonia water is 50:1. The weight-to-volume ratio of shellac to the mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water is 1 g:6 ml.

[0053] The preparation method of the above full-price digestible pet food is the same as that in Example 1.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A full-price digestible pet food, by weight, includes: 65 parts of fresh chicken (35 parts of fresh chicken breast + 30 parts of fresh dressed chicken), 10 parts of fish (salmon), 6 parts of frozen rabbit belly meat, 4 parts of fresh chicken liver, 5 parts of sweet potato powder, 3 parts of tapioca starch, 2 parts of chicken oil, 1.5 parts of fish oil (salmon oil), 0.7 part of whole-fat sheep milk powder, 0.3 part of yeast hydrolysate, 0.5 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.2 part of yam powder, 0.2 part of pumpkin powder, 0.1 part of blueberry powder, 0.3 part of cranberry powder, 0.1 part of flaxseed powder, 0.3 part of chicory root powder, and 1.5 parts of compound additive; the functional additive components are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] The preparation method of the compound additive is the same as that in Example 1. Among them, in Step 1, the dosage ratio of maltodextrin (DE≤10), octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch, pectin (esterification degree≥70%), vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, compound vitamin B group, and rosemary extract (carnosic acid≥20%) is 20:15:50:15:3:8:5, and the concentration of the wall material solution is 26%. The compound vitamin B group is thiamine nitrate (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), and cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) in a weight ratio of 15:10:5:0.002.

[0057] In step 2, the weight ratio of hypromellose phthalate, polyethylene glycol, compound probiotics, mineral chelate, and granule 1 is 45:2:20:25:100. In the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil, the weight ratio of ethyl acetate to coconut oil is 1:2.2. In the coating solution, the concentration of hypromellose phthalate is 20%. The mineral chelate is a complex of iron methionine (chelate), copper methionine (chelate), zinc methionine chelate, and manganese methionine chelate in a weight ratio of 1:0.12:0.42:0.096. The compound probiotics are prepared from Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Pediococcus acidilactici in a weight ratio of 5:2.9:2.2.

[0058] In step 3, the weight ratio of shellac, monoglyceride, nano-silica, and granule 2 is 8:3:1:100. The concentration of ammonia water is 25%. The weight ratio of absolute ethanol to ammonia water is 45:1. The weight-to-volume ratio of shellac to the mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water is 1 g:8 ml.

[0059] The preparation method of the compound probiotics includes the following steps:

[0060] A) Prepare the protective solution: Mix trehalose, skim milk powder, and β-cyclodextrin in a ratio of 3:5:2, and dissolve them in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) containing 0.15% (w / v) L-cysteine to obtain a solution with a concentration of 28%.

[0061] B) Activate the strains: Bacillus subtilis is activated aerobically in LB medium at 37°C for 30 min, Lactobacillus acidophilus is activated anaerobically in MRS medium at 37°C for 45 min, and Pediococcus acidilactici is activated microaerobically in MRS medium at 30°C for 30 min.

[0062] C) Mix the probiotics in a weight ratio of Bacillus subtilis:Lactobacillus acidophilus:Pediococcus acidilactici of 5:3:2 to obtain the mixed probiotics. Mix the total amount of the mixed probiotics with the protective solution in a weight ratio of 1:80 to obtain the mixed material. Add 0.2% of carrageenan to the mixed material and let it stand at 4°C for 40 min.

[0063] D) Spray freeze-dry: The atomization pressure is 0.2 - 0.3 MPa, pre-freezing at -50°C for 2 h, primary drying at -35°C / 10 Pa for 8 h, and secondary drying at 25°C / ≤5 Pa for 4 h to obtain the product.

[0064] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] A complete and easily digestible pet food, wherein the compound probiotics in the compound additive are prepared by the method in Example 3, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] A complete and easily digestible pet food, in which the effective components in the compound additive are directly added without encapsulation, and the proportions of the components in the compound additive refer to Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] A complete and easily digestible pet food, in the process of its preparation method, the compound additive and the functional additive components are directly added all in step b, mixed, and then granulated via step c without using the spraying method, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] A complete and easily digestible pet food, in which the effective components in the compound additive are directly added without encapsulation, the proportions of the components in the compound additive refer to Example 1, the compound additive and the functional additive components are directly added all in step b, mixed, and then granulated via step c without using the spraying method, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Performance detection:

[0074] According to GBT31216-2014 complete pet food, the contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude moisture, etc. in the complete and easily digestible pet food obtained in the examples of the present invention are measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Twenty healthy short-haired cats aged 1 - 3 years and weighing 3 - 4 kg were selected for the experiment. They were evenly divided into 10 groups according to gender and weight, with 2 cats in each group, including 9 experimental groups and 1 control group. The experimental groups were given the pet foods of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 6 during the time period from 8:30 to 17:30 every day, and the entire feeding cycle was 16 days. Each cat was individually housed in a cat cage (120 cm × 60 cm × 70 cm), and the environmental conditions of temperature (25°C), humidity (65%), and natural light (12 h light / 12 h dark) were maintained. During the entire experimental period, they could freely drink clean water. Ensure that each cat has 1 hour of coexistence time with people every day. The feed intake and fecal output were recorded every day during the experiment, and the health conditions of the experimental groups and the control group were observed. An animal nutrition digestion experiment was carried out in the last 2 days of the experiment. Every day, the feces excreted by each cat were completely collected in a clean litter box. When collecting each time, it was necessary to weigh and add 10% hydrochloric acid for nitrogen fixation. The collected feces were placed in an oven at 65°C for drying, crushed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain the fecal samples to be tested. The average value of the apparent digestibility of nutrients for 2 days was taken to obtain the data in Table 1. Apparent digestibility of nutrients (%) = (1 - amount of nutrients in excreted feces / amount of nutrients in ingested feed) × 100%. The amount of nutrients in excreted feces = total fecal output of animals during the whole feces collection period × nutrient ratio in feces. The amount of nutrients in ingested feed = total feed intake of animals during the whole feces collection period × nutrient ratio in feed. Detection methods for nutrient ratios in feed and feces: The detection method for crude protein content in feed and feces refers to GB / T 6432 - 2018 "Determination Method of Crude Protein in Feed"; the detection method for crude fat content in feed and feces refers to GB / T 6433 - 2006 "Determination of Crude Fat in Feed". The detection method for crude starch content in feed and feces refers to GB / T 6434 - 2006 "Determination of Crude Fiber in Feed", and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0076] Table 1. Detection Results

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Table 2. Digestion Test Results

[0080] Group Protein Digestibility / % Fat Digestibility / % Fiber Digestibility / % Example 1 91.6 93.8 65.3 Example 2 92.3 94.1 67.1 Example 3 93.5 95.0 69.8 Example 4 94.2 95.8 71.5 Comparative Example 1 85.2 87.6 42.3 Comparative Example 2 83.7 86.1 40.1 Comparative Example 3 80.9 84.5 36.8

[0081] As can be seen from Table 2, the digestibility of the full-price digestible pet foods obtained in Examples 1-4 of the present invention is better than that of Comparative Examples 1-3. Further, in Examples 3 and 4 of the present invention, due to the further coating of the probiotic complex, the stability of the probiotics is improved again, and the digestibility is further increased. This is because in Step 2 of the preparation of the composite additive, the probiotics are affected by heat inactivation and air flow impact during the fluidized bed coating process. The air flow impact will cause triple damage to the probiotics, namely mechanical damage, metabolic stress, and membrane function disorder, resulting in a decrease in their survival rate; the probiotic complexes provided in Examples 3 and 4 use trehalose to replace the water bound to the cell membrane to form a glassy state, β-cyclodextrin entraps free fatty acids to prevent their oxidative attack on the phospholipid bilayer, and L-cysteine scavenges free radicals, reducing the oxidative damage rate, greatly increasing the survival rate of the probiotics, and providing a highly active substrate for subsequent entrapment. Carrageenan gelates at low temperature to form a three-dimensional network, fixing the bacteria and enhancing the ability to resist the fluidized bed wind speed. In this probiotic complex, the trehalose glassy state can enhance the thermal stability of the vitamin-bacteria interface, and β-cyclodextrin on the surface of the bacteria promotes binding to the HPMCP film and can also inhibit the swelling of the shellac film. This composite probiotic is not only the object to be entrapped, but also becomes the "active synergist" of the three-layer entrapment system. Through mechanisms such as molecular interface modification (β-cyclodextrin), charge regulation (Zeta potential), and metabolite interaction (vitamin B 12 protection), the trinity synergy of "bacteria-packaging-functional components" is achieved, providing support for highly active digestible pet foods.

[0082] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0083] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A full-price and easily digestible pet food, characterized in that, By weight, it includes 65 - 75 parts of chicken, 7 - 10 parts of fish, 6 - 10 parts of rabbit meat, 2 - 4 parts of chicken liver, 2 - 5 parts of sweet potato, 1 - 3 parts of cassava, 2 - 4 parts of chicken oil, 0.5 - 1.5 parts of fish oil, 0.7 - 1.0 parts of sheep milk powder, 0.3 - 0.6 parts of yeast hydrolysate, 0.3 - 0.5 parts of cellulose, 0.2 - 0.4 parts of yam powder, 0.2 - 0.5 parts of pumpkin powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of blueberry powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of cranberry powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of flaxseed powder, 0.1 - 0.3 parts of chicory root powder, and 1.5 - 2 parts of compound additive; The preparation method of the compound additive includes the following steps: Step 1, Mix maltodextrin, octenyl succinic anhydride starch ester, and pectin, add water, stir at a speed of 200 - 300 rpm for 30 - 45 min until completely dissolved to obtain a wall material solution; Add vitamins and rosemary extract to the wall material solution, homogenize at a pressure of 80 - 100 MPa for 2 - 3 times, and spray dry to obtain Granule 1; Step 2: Dissolve hypromellose phthalate in a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil to obtain a coating solution. Add polyethylene glycol, compound probiotics, mineral chelates, and Granule 1, and stir until evenly dispersed. Using a fluidized bed, with an inlet air temperature of 30 - 35 °C, an atomization pressure of 1.2 - 1.5 bar, a liquid spraying rate of 5 - 8 mL / min, and a fluidizing air volume of 60 - 80 m 3 / h, carry out embedding to obtain Granule 2; Step 3, Take shellac and monoglyceride, dissolve them in a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol and ammonia water, add nano - silica for dispersion, filter, then add Granule 2, and use an electrostatic coating process with a voltage of - 4.5~ - 5.5 kV, an atomization pressure of 0.3 - 0.5 MPa, a coating time of 20 - 30 min, and an environmental humidity of ≤50%RH, dry and cool to obtain.

2. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 1, characterized in that The vitamins are vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, and B - complex vitamins. The dosage ratio of maltodextrin, octenyl succinic anhydride starch ester, pectin, vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, B - complex vitamins, and rosemary extract is 15 - 20:15 - 20:50 - 60:10 - 15:2 - 3:8 - 12:5 - 8, and the concentration of the wall material solution is 22 - 26%.

3. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 2, wherein The B - complex vitamins are thiamine nitrate, riboflavin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, and cyanocobalamin mixed in a weight ratio of 10 - 15:10 - 15:5 - 8:0.002 - 0.

005.

4. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 2, the weight ratio of hypromellose phthalate, polyethylene glycol, compound probiotics, mineral chelates, and Granule 1 is 35 - 45:2 - 4:20 - 30:15 - 25:

100. In the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and coconut oil, the weight ratio of ethyl acetate and coconut oil is 1:1.8 - 2.

2. In the coating solution, the concentration of hypromellose phthalate is 15 - 20%.

5. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mineral chelates are iron methionine chelate, copper methionine chelate, zinc methionine chelate, and manganese methionine chelate in a weight ratio of 1:0.12 - 0.18:0.28 - 0.42:0.096 - 0.

144.

6. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 4, wherein The compound probiotics are Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Pediococcus acidilactici mixed in a weight ratio of 5:2.9 - 3.2:1.8 - 2.

2.

7. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 3, the weight ratio of shellac, monoglyceride, nano-silica, and Particle 2 is 8-12:2-3:0.5-1:100; the concentration of ammonia water is 25%; the weight ratio of absolute ethanol to ammonia water is 45-50:1; the weight-to-volume ratio of shellac to the mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and ammonia water is 1 g:6-8 ml.

8. The full-price digestible pet food according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight, it further includes the following functional additive components: 0.05 part of β-glucan, 0.1 part of L-lysine, 0.02 part of β-carotene, 0.01 part of lutein, 0.15 part of mannan oligosaccharide, 0.15 part of fructo-oligosaccharide, 0.03 part of yucca extract, 0.02 part of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, 0.005 part of yeast selenium, 0.01 part of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.001 part of D-biotin, 0.001 part of folic acid, 0.006 part of nicotinamide, and 0.05 part of choline chloride.

9. The preparation method of the full-price digestible pet food according to claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step a, raw material pretreatment: Fresh chicken breast is treated with alternating low-frequency and high-frequency ultrasound, and fresh dressed chicken, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken liver are respectively ground to a particle size of ≤3 mm; sweet potato powder, tapioca powder, yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, and chicory root are passed through an 80-mesh sieve. Step b: Mix the fresh chicken breast, fresh dressed chicken, fish, frozen rabbit belly meat, and fresh chicken liver pretreated in Step a with chicken oil and fish oil, and emulsify at 50-60 °C for 10-15 min; then add sweet potato powder, tapioca powder, yam powder, pumpkin powder, blueberry powder, cranberry powder, flaxseed powder, chicory root, whole-fat sheep milk powder, yeast hydrolysate, and cellulose and mix at 20-30 rpm for 25-35 min. Step c: Extrusion granulation. Step d: Spray the functional additive components and the composite additive onto the particles obtained in Step c, and dry to obtain the product.

10. The preparation method of the full-price digestible pet food according to claim 9, characterized in that, In Step d, the spraying is specifically as follows: First, prepare an oil-in-water emulsion from the functional additive components: the aqueous phase is prepared by adding β-glucan, L-lysine, choline chloride, D-calcium pantothenate, nicotinamide, yeast selenium, folic acid, D-biotin, mannan oligosaccharide, and fructo-oligosaccharide to water to form an aqueous solution with a concentration of 45-50%; the oil phase is prepared by dissolving β-carotene, lutein, DL-α-tocopheryl acetate, and yucca extract in a mixed oil with a weight ratio of chicken oil to fish oil of 1:1 to form an oil-phase solution with a concentration of 15-18%; mix the aqueous phase and the oil-phase solution, and add 0.8% lecithin and 0.2% monoglyceride of the total mixture mass for emulsification and homogenization, and then spray onto the surface of the particles obtained in Step c. The spraying temperature is 55±2 °C, the atomization pressure is 1.0-1.2 MPa, and pre-dry at 40 °C for 10 min; then suspend the composite additive in a 2.5% aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, where the concentration of the composite additive is 25% w / v, and then perform fluidized bed spraying. The inlet air is 38±1 °C, the atomization pressure is 0.8-1.0 bar, and dry at 38 °C for 15 min to obtain the product.

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