Lung acoustic feature detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to medical equipment, and provides a lung acoustic feature detection device and method.The lung acoustic feature detection device comprises a sound wave emitting device and a sound wave receiving device, the sound wave emitting device is used for emitting sound waves with specific frequency and strength, and the sound wave receiving device is used for receiving and analyzing the sound waves; one of the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device can extend into the airway through the interior of the trachea cannula, the other one is located on the body surface, and the lung acoustic feature detection device is used for detecting the propagation time or the sound energy attenuation degree of sound waves in lung tissue. The lung acoustic feature detection device is further provided with a magnetic field positioning system which is used for determining the distance and the direction between the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device, and therefore the sound wave propagation speed is calculated. According to the propagation speed and the sound attenuation degree of the sound wave in the lung tissue, the lung lesion progress condition can be conveniently, noninvasively and repeatedly evaluated in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical technologies, and in particular, to a device and method for detecting pulmonary acoustic characteristics. Background Art

[0002] Ultrasonic technology is one of the most commonly used imaging examination technologies in clinical practice. Its application scenarios range from the ultrasound examination room to the bedside, and then to emergency ambulances, family doctors, etc. The greatest advantage of ultrasonic technology is that it has almost no side effects on the body and can be used for real-time, repeated, and dynamic evaluations. However, due to the high frequency and poor penetrability of ultrasonic waves, they cannot penetrate the air-containing lung tissue, resulting in great obstacles to their application in the lungs. Only rough judgments can be made through artifact imaging.

[0003] There are a large number of patients with lung diseases in clinical practice. These patients may be hospitalized in the respiratory department or in the intensive care unit. In critically ill patients, even if there is no original lung lesion, multiple organ dysfunction may be caused by the primary disease, and the lungs are the most vulnerable organs. In patients with cardiovascular diseases, heart dysfunction can lead to pulmonary edema and respiratory dysfunction. Even in the absence of cardiopulmonary diseases, during tracheal intubation and respiratory treatment of critically ill patients, lung lesions such as pneumothorax and atelectasis may occur due to mechanical ventilation. Lung lesions are characterized by rapid progression and serious consequences. In existing examination technologies, preliminary evaluation can be performed through bedside X-ray radiography. If more accurate evaluation is required, CT examination is needed, which not only involves a large dose of radiation but also poses a great life risk to patients during transportation. The application of ultrasound in the lungs has been developed. When the water content in the lungs increases, an amplification effect similar to a "horn" may be formed, enhancing the ultrasonic echo energy and forming bright line artifacts. In pneumothorax, ultrasound may detect "lung points appearing in the seashore sign". All of the above signs are artifacts, that is, incorrect imaging with certain regularity, and their diagnostic value is relatively low.

[0004] Therefore, a device for detecting pulmonary acoustic characteristics is needed to conveniently, non-invasively, dynamically, reproducibly, and safely detect patients with lung lesions, especially those who are intubated. Some clinical studies have explored in this direction. In "Sound speed in pulmonary parenchyma" published by DAVID A. RICE in 1983, audible sound waves were used to pass through an excised horse lung, and the propagation speed of sound waves in lung tissue was measured to be between 25 - 70 m / s, less than 20% of the propagation speed of sound waves in air, and did not fall between 340 m / s (in air) - 1540 m / s (in human soft tissue) as expected. In 2005, Philip J. Berger et al. ("Velocity and attenuation of sound in the isolated fetal lung as it is expanded with air") studied the speed of sound in fresh excised fetal sheep. It was found that when the fetal sheep lung was first removed, due to the extremely low air content in the fetal lung, the speed of sound passing through the lung was 187 ± 28.2 m / s. Subsequently, air was injected into the fetal lung, and the speed of sound gradually decreased. When the lung density decreased from 0.93 g / ml to 0.75 g / ml, the speed of sound decreased to 87 m / s ± 3.7 m / s. It can be seen that the propagation speed of sound in lung tissue changes significantly and has a clear directionality with the air content and liquid content in the lung, that is, the higher the air content in the lung, the slower the speed of sound. The study also found that the attenuation of sound energy during the propagation of sound waves in lung tissue is positively correlated with the air content, that is, the higher the air content, the higher the attenuation degree.

[0005] The physical characteristics of sound waves during propagation in lung tissue are extremely complex and require further research. However, there is still no convenient device available for clinical research and clinical practice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objective of the present invention is to provide a device and method for detecting pulmonary acoustic characteristics to conveniently, non-invasively, dynamically, reproducibly, and safely detect patients with lung lesions, especially those who are intubated.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A pulmonary acoustic feature detection device includes a sound wave transmitting device and a sound wave receiving device. The sound wave transmitting device is used to transmit sound waves with a specific frequency and intensity, and the sound wave receiving device is used to receive and analyze the sound waves. To ensure that the sound waves can smoothly penetrate the blood, air, and lung parenchyma inside the lungs and finally reach the sound wave receiving device, the transmission frequency of the sound waves can be between 100 - 1000 Hz. The sound wave transmitting device can be a piezoelectric crystal or a diaphragm based on the electromagnetic effect. The piezoelectric crystal has the inverse piezoelectric effect of ultrasonic vibration after being electrified and the piezoelectric effect of generating an electrical signal when pressed. The sound wave receiving device can be a piezoelectric crystal or a condenser microphone. Any one of the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device can extend into the airway through the inside of the tracheal intubation, and the other is located on the body surface. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection is used to detect the propagation time of the sound waves or the degree of attenuation of the sound energy.

[0008] The propagation time of the sound waves in the lung tissue refers to the time of sound wave propagation between two determined sites inside and outside the lungs, which is used to represent the propagation speed of the sound waves in the lung tissue. The degree of attenuation of the sound energy is the degree of exhaustion of the sound wave energy after the sound waves pass through the lung tissue between two determined sites inside and outside the lungs, which is used to represent the acoustic impedance of the lung tissue. The propagation time, propagation speed, and degree of attenuation of the sound energy of the sound waves in the lung tissue are used to evaluate the progress of lung diseases.

[0009] Further, the sound wave transmitting device is arranged at the tip of the sound handle. The sound handle and the sound wave transmitting device can extend into the airway through the inside of the tracheal intubation, and the sound wave receiving device is placed on the body surface.

[0010] Further, a light source and a camera are arranged at the tip of the sound wave transmitting device. The camera is used to photograph and record the relative position of the sound wave transmitting device in the airway. The camera can also cooperate with the sound handle as a part of the visual tracheal intubation.

[0011] Further, the sound handle is made of a bendable material, and at least a pair of steering filaments in opposite directions are arranged inside the sound handle. The tail ends of the steering filaments are connected to a direction controller. After the direction controller is activated, it can pull one of the steering filaments to make the sound handle bend towards the side of the pulled steering filament.

[0012] The steering function and the light-emitting and imaging function at the tip of the sound handle enable the sound handle to not only achieve the function of emitting sound waves, but also be used as a fiber bronchoscope to guide the sound wave transmitting device to accurately enter the secondary bronchus. It can also be used as a visual flexible endoscope to guide the placement of the tracheal intubation.

[0013] Further, a scale is arranged at the tail end of the sound handle to record the relative position of the sound handle and the tracheal catheter during acoustic detection.

[0014] Further, a connector is provided at the tail end of the sound handle. The connector includes a tracheal intubation cap, a clamping part, and a ventilation side tube. The tracheal intubation cap is used to connect to the interface at the tail end of the tracheal intubation. The clamping part is made of a soft material and is used to fix the relative position of the sound handle and the connector. The ventilation side tube is used to connect to a ventilator, so that while performing acoustic feature detection on the lungs, mechanical ventilation can be performed on the patient's lungs.

[0015] Further, a plurality of acoustic wave receiving devices are provided. During use, they are respectively placed on the body surfaces of the patient's chest and back. Each acoustic wave receiving device is marked with an identifier corresponding to the human lung anatomy, such as VL1, indicating the left ventral side number 1, and VR1, indicating the right ventral side number 1.

[0016] Further, the acoustic wave receiving device is in the shape of a cap. The cap-shaped acoustic wave receiving device includes a fixed brim. The material of the fixed brim is a resilient soft material that can be deformed when pressed and can return to its original state after the external force is removed. The fixed brim is used to fix the acoustic wave receiving device to the body surface skin and form an airtight cavity between the skin.

[0017] Further, the lung acoustic feature detection device is also provided with a magnetic field positioning system for positioning the distance and orientation between the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device. The magnetic field positioning system includes a magnetic field generator and magnetic sensors provided on the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device. The magnetic sensors are used to detect the positions of the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device in the magnetic field, and then calculate the distance between them. Through the distance between the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device and the acoustic wave propagation time, the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in the lung tissue is calculated.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, the magnetic positioning system does not require an additional magnetic field generator. The magnetic positioning system includes a magnet provided on the sound handle and a magnetic inductor provided on the acoustic wave receiving device. The magnet has a fixed relative position with the acoustic wave transmitting device. The magnet can generate a magnetic field with a determined magnitude and direction. The magnetic inductor determines the position of the sensor in the magnetic field by sensing the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field.

[0019] Further, the magnet placed near the acoustic wave transmitting device is an exciting magnet, which generates a specific magnetic field only after being energized. The magnetic field sensor is a giant magnetoresistive resistor sensor or a tunneling magnetoresistive sensor.

[0020] Further, the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device are connected by wire or wirelessly.

[0021] Further, when the detection object is a patient without tracheal intubation, the acoustic wave transmitting device is also placed on the patient's body surface.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for detecting pulmonary acoustic characteristics, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned pulmonary acoustic characteristic detection device, and detects the sound wave propagation time between two specific points in the lungs, including the following steps:

[0023] Step A: Place the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device at specific positions in the airway and on the body surface respectively;

[0024] Step B: The sound wave transmitting device emits a sound wave with a specific frequency. The sound wave with the specific frequency can be a pulsed sound wave. The sound wave receiving device receives the sound wave with the specific frequency, and records the time difference t1 from the start of the sound wave emission by the sound wave transmitting device to the reception of the corresponding sound wave by the sound wave receiving device;

[0025] Step C: Repeat Step A and Step B after a specific time period to obtain the time difference t2. By comparing t1 and t2, dynamically evaluate the sound wave propagation speed of a specific path in the lungs to evaluate the progress of the pulmonary condition.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for detecting pulmonary acoustic characteristics, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned pulmonary acoustic characteristic detection device provided with a magnetic positioning system, and detects the sound wave propagation speed between two specific points in the lungs, including the following steps:

[0027] Step a: Place the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device at specific positions in the airway and on the body surface respectively;

[0028] Step b: The sound wave transmitting device emits a sound wave with a specific frequency. The sound wave receiving device receives the sound wave with the specific frequency, and records the time difference t from the start of the sound wave emission by the sound wave transmitting device to the reception of the corresponding sound wave by the sound wave receiving device. Confirm the distance d between the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device through the magnetic positioning system;

[0029] Step c: Calculate the sound wave propagation speed c = d / t between the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device based on the time t of sound wave propagation between the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device and the distance d between the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device.

[0030] Advantages of the present invention: The lung acoustic feature detection device provided by the present invention respectively sets a sound wave transmitting device and a sound wave receiving device at specific points inside and outside the lung. The sound wave transmitting device emits sound waves with a lower frequency and stronger penetrability, such as audible sound waves, from the airway. The sound wave receiving device receives the sound waves of the corresponding frequency at each designated point outside the lung, obtains the propagation time of the sound waves, estimates the propagation speed of the sound waves on the designated path in the lung tissue, dynamically evaluates the progress of the lung lesions, and can also measure the degree of sound energy attenuation during the propagation of the sound waves on the designated path. By adding a magnetic positioning system to the lung acoustic feature detection device, the distance between the sound wave transmitting device and the sound wave receiving device can be measured more accurately, so as to accurately measure the propagation speed of the sound waves in the lung tissue and the degree of sound energy attenuation. The lung acoustic feature detection device can repeatedly, non-radiatively, and non-invasively measure the lung acoustic features of patients, so as to evaluate the progress of lung lesions. Accurately calculating the sound wave propagation speed through magnetic navigation helps to detect the acoustic features of various lesions in various lesion degrees, which is helpful for clinical research and clinical application, and further formulates standardized detection methods and reference values. By adding a light-emitting shooting function and an actively bendable function to the sound handle, the lung acoustic feature detection device can also be used as a powerful tool for visual tracheal intubation. The lung acoustic feature detection device provided by the present invention can be used not only for patients with tracheal intubation, but also for patients without tracheal intubation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram at location A in;

[0034] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram at location B in;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sound wave transmitting device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sound wave receiving device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the sound speed measurement method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a form of the measuring table of the present invention;

[0040] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. Sound handle; 11. Sound wave emitting device; 12. Camera; 121. Light source; 13. Steering filament; 2. Sound wave receiving device; 21. Fixed brim; 22. Condenser microphone; 3. Tracheal intubation; 4. Adapter; 41. Tracheal intubation cap; 42. Clamping part; 43. Ventilation side tube. Specific embodiments

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1-8 , the present invention provides a lung acoustic feature detection device, including a sound wave emitting device 11 and a sound wave receiving device 2. The sound wave emitting device 11 is used to emit sound waves with specific frequencies and intensities, and the sound wave receiving device 2 is used to receive and analyze sound waves. To ensure that the sound waves can smoothly penetrate the blood, air, and lung parenchyma inside the lungs and finally reach the sound wave receiving device 2, the emission frequency of the sound waves can be between 100 - 1000 Hz. The sound wave emitting device 11 can be a piezoelectric crystal or a diaphragm based on electromagnetic effects. Any one of the sound wave emitting device 11 and the sound wave receiving device 2 can extend into the airway through the inside of the tracheal intubation 3, and the other is located on the body surface. The lung acoustic feature detection is used to detect the propagation time of the sound waves or the degree of sound energy attenuation. The lung acoustic features include the sound wave propagation speed and the degree of sound energy attenuation, and the degree of sound energy attenuation can be sound energy attenuation or sound energy amplification.

[0044] The propagation time of the acoustic wave in the lung tissue refers to the time of acoustic wave propagation between two determined sites inside and outside the lung, which is used to represent the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in the lung tissue. When the distance between the two measurement sites inside and outside the lung, that is, between the acoustic wave emitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2, is unknown, it is represented by the propagation time. In subsequent detections, ensure that the two measurement sites inside and outside the lung remain unchanged, measure the acoustic wave propagation time again, and evaluate the change in the propagation speed of the acoustic wave through the change in time. When a specific lung lesion corresponds to a specific acoustic wave propagation speed in the lung tissue, or when a certain acoustic wave propagation time corresponds to imaging examination, the subsequent acoustic wave propagation time can be associated with the lung lesion. The degree of acoustic energy attenuation is the degree of attenuation of the acoustic wave energy after the acoustic wave passes through the lung tissue between two determined sites inside and outside the lung, which is used to represent the acoustic impedance of the lung tissue. The propagation time, propagation speed, and degree of acoustic energy attenuation of the acoustic wave in the lung tissue are used to evaluate the progression of lung lesions.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, the acoustic wave emitting device 11 is disposed at the tip of the acoustic handle 1. The acoustic handle 1 and the acoustic wave emitting device 11 can extend into the airway through the inside of the tracheal intubation. The acoustic wave receiving device 2 is placed on the body surface to realize emitting an acoustic wave from a point inside the lung and receiving the acoustic wave at multiple points outside the lung.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, a light source 121 and a camera 12 are disposed at the tip of the acoustic wave emitting device 11. The camera 12 is used to photograph and record the relative position of the acoustic wave emitting device 11 in the airway during each acoustic measurement. The camera 12 can also cooperate with the acoustic handle 1 as a part of the visible tracheal intubation. The relative position of the acoustic wave emitting device 11 in the trachea and the carina of the trachea can be photographed by the camera, or the corresponding tracheal rings can be photographed and recorded to record the position of the acoustic wave emitting device 11 in the airway.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, the acoustic handle 1 is made of a bendable material. At least a pair of steering filaments 13 in opposite directions are disposed inside the acoustic handle 1. The tail ends of the steering filaments 13 are connected to a direction controller. After the direction controller is activated, it can pull one of the steering filaments 13 to bend the acoustic handle 1 toward the side of the pulled steering filament 13, so as to realize two-way or four-way bending during visible tracheal intubation. The steering function and the light-emitting and imaging function at the tip of the acoustic handle 1 enable the acoustic handle 1 not only to realize the function of emitting acoustic waves, but also to be used as a fiber bronchoscope to guide the acoustic wave emitting device 11 to accurately enter the secondary bronchus or even more secondary bronchi, so as to realize more accurate acoustic feature detection. It can also be used as a visible flexible endoscope to guide the placement of the tracheal intubation 3.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, a scale is disposed at the tail end of the acoustic handle 1 to record the relative position of the acoustic handle and the tracheal intubation 3 during acoustic detection.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, a adapter 4 is provided at the tail end of the sound handle 1. The adapter 4 includes a tracheal intubation cap 41, a clamping part 42, and a ventilation side tube 43. The tracheal intubation cap 41 is used to connect with the interface at the tail end of the tracheal intubation 3. The clamping part 42 is made of a soft material and is used to fix the relative position of the sound handle 1 and the adapter 4. The ventilation side tube 43 is used to connect with a ventilator, so that while detecting the acoustic characteristics of the lungs, mechanical ventilation can be performed on the patient's lungs.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, there are multiple acoustic wave receiving devices 2, which are respectively placed on the chest and back body surfaces of the patient during use. Each acoustic wave receiving device 2 is marked with an identifier corresponding to the human lung anatomy, such as VL1, VL2, VL3, VL4, VR1, VR2, VR3, VR4, where V represents ventral, D represents dorsal, L represents left, and R represents right. Since there is currently a lack of such detection devices, standardized numbering and use are required to ensure the standardization of the use of this detection. The measurement form can be designed with reference to Figure 8 for design.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the acoustic wave receiving device 2 is in a cap shape. The cap-shaped acoustic wave receiving device 2 includes a fixed brim 21. The material of the fixed brim 21 is a resilient soft material, which can be deformed when pressed and can return to its original state after the external force is removed. The fixed brim 21 is used to fix the acoustic wave receiving device 2 to the body surface skin and form a sealed cavity with the skin. This type of technology has been a routine application in electrocardiogram detection and is beneficial to the stability of the device during use.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, the lung acoustic characteristic detection device is further provided with a magnetic field positioning system, which is used to locate the distance and orientation between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2. The magnetic field positioning system includes a magnetic field generator and magnetic sensors arranged near the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2. The magnetic sensors have a fixed relative position relationship with the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 respectively. The magnetic sensors are used to detect the positions of the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 in the magnetic field, and then calculate the distance between them. By using the distance between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 and the acoustic wave propagation time, the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in the lung tissue can be calculated.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the magnetic positioning system does not require an additional magnetic field generator. The magnetic positioning system includes a magnet disposed on the acoustic handle 1 and a magnetic sensor disposed on the acoustic wave receiving device 2. The magnet has a fixed relative position with the acoustic wave transmitting device 11. The magnet can generate a magnetic field with a determined magnitude and direction. The magnetic sensor determines the position of the sensor in the magnetic field by sensing the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field. The magnetic sensor can be a giant magnetoresistive sensor or a tunneling magnetoresistive sensor.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, the magnet disposed near the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 is an exciting magnet, which generates a specific magnetic field only after being energized.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 are connected by wire or wirelessly.

[0056] When the detection object is a patient without endotracheal intubation, the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 is also placed on the patient's body surface, such as in the intercostal space medial to the scapula or below the scapula of the patient. Correspondingly, the acoustic wave receiving device 2 is placed in the intercostal space of the patient's chest. When detecting twice, the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device are placed at their respective same positions.

[0057] To guide the operation of the above-mentioned pulmonary acoustic feature detection device, the present invention also provides a pulmonary acoustic feature detection method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned pulmonary acoustic feature detection device, and detects the acoustic wave propagation time between two specific points in the lungs, including the following steps:

[0058] Step A: Place the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 at specific positions in the airway and on the body surface respectively;

[0059] Step B: The acoustic wave transmitting device 11 emits an acoustic wave with a specific frequency. The acoustic wave with the specific frequency can be a pulsed acoustic wave. The acoustic wave receiving device 2 receives the acoustic wave with the specific frequency, and records the time difference t1 from the start of the acoustic wave emission by the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 to the reception of the corresponding acoustic wave by the acoustic wave receiving device 2;

[0060] Step C: Repeat Step A and Step B after a specific time period to obtain the time difference t2. By comparing t1 and t2, dynamically evaluate the acoustic wave propagation speed of a specific path in the lungs to evaluate the progress of the pulmonary condition.

[0061] The present invention also provides another pulmonary acoustic feature detection method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned pulmonary acoustic feature detection device provided with a magnetic positioning system, and detects the acoustic wave propagation speed between two specific points in the lungs, including the following steps:

[0062] Step a: Place the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 at specific positions in the airway and on the body surface respectively;

[0063] Step b: The acoustic wave transmitting device 11 emits acoustic waves of a specific frequency, and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 receives the acoustic waves of the specific frequency. Record the time difference t from the start of the emission of the acoustic waves by the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 to the reception of the corresponding acoustic waves by the acoustic wave receiving device 2, and confirm the distance d between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 through the magnetic positioning system.

[0064] Step c: Based on the time t of the acoustic wave propagation between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 and the distance d between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2, calculate the acoustic wave propagation speed c = d / t between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2.

[0065] Inpatients, especially those in the intensive care unit, have unpredictable progression of lung lesions, which include but are not limited to pneumonia, pulmonary edema, interstitial pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, atelectasis, pulmonary overinflation, etc. Ultrasonic technology is the most convenient and non-invasive bedside examination device. However, due to the high frequency of ultrasonic waves and poor penetration, they cannot penetrate bone or gas, and the propagation speed in bone and gas is very different from the propagation speed of 1540 m / s in soft tissues. Therefore, the lungs are a forbidden area for ultrasonic examination, and only simple imaging can be performed using ultrasonic artifacts. In the present invention, the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 are respectively arranged at specific points inside and outside the lungs. The acoustic wave transmitting device 11 emits acoustic waves with a lower frequency and stronger penetration from the airway, and even the frequency can be as low as audible sound waves (frequency of 20 - 20000 Hz). The acoustic waves with appropriate energy can smoothly penetrate the lungs and even the ribs of the body. The acoustic wave receiving device 2 receives the acoustic waves of the corresponding frequency at each designated point outside the lungs, obtains the propagation time of the acoustic waves, estimates the propagation speed of the acoustic waves on the specified path in the lung tissue, dynamically evaluates the progression of lung lesions, and can also measure the degree of acoustic energy attenuation during the propagation of the acoustic waves on the specified path, or the "horn effect" generated by the diseased lungs causes the acoustic energy to increase. By adding a magnetic positioning system to the lung acoustic feature detection device, the distance between the acoustic wave transmitting device 11 and the acoustic wave receiving device 2 can be measured more accurately, thereby accurately measuring the propagation speed of the acoustic waves in the lung tissue and the degree of acoustic energy attenuation. This can help the medical system establish acoustic feature reference values for various lesions at various degrees of lesions, such as the fluctuation range of the sound speed in the lung tissue in mild pulmonary edema and severe pulmonary edema. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of such convenient application tools, which greatly limits clinical research and clinical applications. With the lung acoustic feature detection device provided by the present invention, the lung lesions of patients can be evaluated at any time, repeatedly, without radiation, and non-invasively, without the need for X-ray or CT examinations. Once clinical research data and corresponding reference values are determined, the evaluation of lung acoustic features will be more convenient and standardized.

[0066] In addition, after being equipped with the functions of active bending and light-emitting imaging, the pulmonary acoustic feature detection device provided by the present invention can also be used as a convenient tool for visual tracheal intubation and can be used as a multifunctional airway management device in the anesthesiology department, emergency department, intensive care unit, etc. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection device provided by the present invention can be used not only for patients undergoing tracheal intubation but also for patients without tracheal intubation.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

Claims

1. A lung acoustic feature detection device, characterized in that: It includes a sound wave emitting device and a sound wave receiving device. The sound wave emitting device is used to emit sound waves with a specific frequency and intensity. The sound wave receiving device is used to receive and analyze the sound waves. One of the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device can extend into the airway through the inside of the tracheal intubation, and the other is located on the body surface. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection is used to detect the propagation time of the sound wave in the lung tissue or the degree of sound energy attenuation.

2. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection device according to claim 1, wherein: The sound wave emitting device is arranged at the tip of the sound handle. The sound handle and the sound wave emitting device can extend into the airway through the inside of the tracheal intubation, and the sound wave receiving device is placed on the body surface.

3. The lung acoustic feature detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A light source and a camera are arranged at the tip of the sound wave emitting device. The camera is used to photograph and record the relative position of the sound wave emitting device in the airway.

4. The lung acoustic feature detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sound handle is made of a bendable material. At least a pair of steering filaments in opposite directions are arranged inside the sound handle. The tail ends of the steering filaments are connected to a direction controller. After the direction controller is activated, it can pull one of the steering filaments to make the sound handle bend towards the side of the stressed steering filament.

5. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A scale is arranged at the tail end of the sound handle to record the relative position between the sound handle and the tracheal catheter during acoustic detection.

6. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection device according to claim 2, wherein: A connector is arranged at the tail end of the sound handle. The connector includes a tracheal intubation cap, a clamping part, and a ventilation side tube. The tracheal intubation cap is used to connect with the interface at the tail end of the tracheal intubation. The clamping part is made of a soft material and is used to fix the relative position between the sound handle and the connector. The ventilation side tube is used to connect with a ventilator.

7. The lung acoustic feature detection device according to claim 2, wherein: There are multiple sound wave receiving devices.

8. The pulmonary acoustic feature detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sound wave receiving device is in a cap shape. The cap-shaped sound wave receiving device includes a fixed cap brim. The material of the fixed cap brim is a resilient soft material, which can be deformed after being pressed and can return to its original state after the external force is removed. It is used to fix the sound wave receiving device to the skin of the body surface and form a sealed cavity between the device and the skin.

9. The lung acoustic feature detection device according to claim 2, wherein: The pulmonary acoustic feature detection device is also provided with a magnetic field positioning system to determine the distance and orientation between the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device.

10. The lung acoustic feature detection device according to claim 9, wherein: The magnetic field positioning system includes a magnetic field generator and magnetic sensors arranged on the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device. The magnetic sensors are used to detect the positions of the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device in the magnetic field, and then calculate the distance between them.

11. A method for detecting pulmonary acoustic features, which is realized by using any one of the pulmonary acoustic feature detection devices according to claims 1-9, and detects the sound wave propagation time between two specific points in the lung, including the following steps: Step A: Place the sound wave emitting device and the sound wave receiving device at specific positions in the airway and on the body surface respectively. Step B: The sound wave emitting device emits sound waves with a specific frequency, and the sound wave receiving device receives the sound waves with a specific frequency. Record the time difference t1 from the start of the sound wave emission by the sound wave emitting device to the reception of the corresponding sound wave by the sound wave receiving device. Step C: Repeat Step A and Step B after a specific time to obtain the time difference t2. By comparing t1 and t2, evaluate the sound wave propagation speed of a specific path in the lung to evaluate the progress of the lung condition.

12. A method for detecting pulmonary acoustic features, which is realized by using any one of the pulmonary acoustic feature detection devices according to claims 10-14, and detects the sound wave propagation speed between two specific points in the lung, including the following steps: Step a: Place the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device at specific positions in the airway and on the body surface respectively; Step b: The acoustic wave transmitting device emits acoustic waves of a specific frequency, the acoustic wave receiving device receives acoustic waves of the specific frequency, record the time difference t between the start of the acoustic wave emission by the acoustic wave transmitting device and the reception of the corresponding acoustic waves by the acoustic wave receiving device, and confirm the distance d between the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device through the magnetic positioning system; Step c: Calculate the acoustic wave propagation speed c = d / t between the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device based on the time t of acoustic wave propagation between the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device and the distance d between the acoustic wave transmitting device and the acoustic wave receiving device.

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