Oil-water separation device integrated on distillation tower

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation tower, and relates to the technical field of coking chemical distillation equipment, the oil-water separation device comprises a distillation tower and a drainage assembly; the distillation tower comprises a tower body, a tower plate, an overflow plate, a reboiling assembly and a condensation assembly; the tower body is vertically arranged; the plurality of tower plates and the plurality of overflow plates are arranged, and the tower plates are horizontally arranged in the tower body; the overflow plate is fixedly arranged on the tower plate; a feeding pipe, a first discharging pipe and a second discharging pipe are arranged on the tower body in a communicating manner; the reboiling assembly is arranged at the bottom of the tower body and is used for heating an oil-water mixture flowing to the bottom of the tower body into steam; the condensation assembly is arranged at the top of the tower body and is used for condensing steam flowing to the top of the tower body; the water drainage assembly is arranged on the tower body and is used for continuously draining water in the distillation tower. The water in the distillation tower can be continuously discharged, so that the distillation and purification efficiency of rich oil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of coking chemical distillation equipment, and particularly to an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column. Background Art

[0002] When producing crude (light) benzene, it is necessary to heat the rich oil rich in benzene produced in the previous process and then transport it into the distillation column for distillation, so that benzene products with different components can be obtained at the top and bottom of the distillation column respectively.

[0003] In the above-mentioned distillation process of the rich oil, as the amount of rich oil injected into the distillation column gradually increases and the benzene product components are continuously discharged, the water remaining in the distillation column gradually increases, resulting in a gradual decrease in the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil subsequently injected into the distillation column. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to continuously discharge the water in the distillation column and thus improve the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil, this application provides an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column.

[0005] An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column provided by this application adopts the following technical solution: An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column includes a distillation column and a drainage assembly provided on the distillation column; the distillation column includes a tower body, tower plates, overflow plates, a reboiling assembly and a condensing assembly; the tower body is vertically arranged; a plurality of the tower plates and the overflow plates are both arranged inside the tower body, the tower plates are horizontally and fixedly arranged inside the tower body, and sieve holes are formed on the tower plates; the overflow plates are fixedly arranged on the tower plates, and the tower plates and the overflow plates together form an oil-water mixture channel; a feed pipe, a first discharge pipe and a second discharge pipe are communicated with the tower body; the reboiling assembly is arranged at the bottom of the tower body and is used for heating the oil-water mixture flowing to the bottom of the tower body into steam; the condensing assembly is arranged at the top of the tower body and is used for condensing the steam flowing to the top of the tower body; the drainage assembly is arranged on the tower body and is used for continuously discharging the water in the distillation column.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when producing crude (light) benzene, an operator injects rich oil into the interior of the tower through a feed pipe. The rich oil flows downward in the oil-water mixture channel to the bottom of the tower, and forms steam under the action of a reboiling assembly and flows upward, forming a countercurrent contact with the downward-flowing rich oil. The steam releases heat and partially condenses, while the rich oil absorbs heat and partially vaporizes. Finally, a new liquid phase continues to flow downward, and the new vapor phase continues to flow upward and is liquefied under the action of a condensing assembly. A benzene product with more light components is obtained at the top of the tower and discharged through a first discharge pipe, and a benzene product with more heavy components is obtained at the bottom of the tower and discharged through a second discharge pipe. During this process, water inside the tower is continuously discharged through a drainage assembly, preventing the water inside the tower from gradually increasing with the injection of rich oil, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil.

[0007] Optionally, the condensing assembly includes a partition board, a reflux pipe and a condenser; the partition board is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the top of the tower, and divides the tower into upper and lower parts; the reflux pipe is fixedly arranged on the partition board, and the reflux pipe enables the upper and lower parts of the tower to communicate; a condensing cavity is formed inside the top wall of the tower; the condenser is connected to the condensing cavity through a pipeline, and the condenser is used to provide condensate for the inside of the condensing cavity; the connection between the first discharge pipe and the tower is located above the partition board.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, during use, the condenser injects condensate into the condensing cavity through a pipeline. When the steam flows through the reflux pipe to above the partition board and contacts the top wall of the tower, it exchanges heat with the condensate, thereby releasing heat and condensing, and then flows onto the partition board, thus playing a role in condensing the steam.

[0009] Optionally, the drainage assembly includes a drain pipe and a first valve; the drain pipe is horizontally arranged, one end of the drain pipe extends downward and communicates with the interior of the tower, and the connection is located above the partition board, and the other end of the drain pipe extends downward to below the partition board; the first valve is installed at one end of the drain pipe located below the partition board; water is preset in the drain pipe; an adjusting assembly is arranged inside the tower, and the adjusting assembly is used to adjust the communication state between the drain pipe and the interior of the tower.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, at the initial stage of crude (light) benzene production, the drain pipe and the interior of the tower are isolated through the adjusting assembly, and then the first valve is opened. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the water in the drain pipe will not flow out. When the steam condenses and flows to above the partition board, after standing, the water and the benzene-containing oil liquid will be stratified, and the water is at the bottom of the benzene-containing oil liquid. At this time, the adjusting assembly makes the drain pipe communicate with the interior of the tower, and the water in the drain pipe can be discharged. And because one end of the drain pipe is located below the partition board, a siphon effect is formed, enabling the water above the partition board to be discharged through the drain pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the adjusting assembly includes a floating block, a first stopper, and a guiding telescopic rod; the floating block is disposed inside the tower body and at the connection between the drain pipe and the inside of the tower body; the first stopper is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the floating block; the guiding telescopic rod is vertically disposed inside the tower body, the fixed end of the guiding telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the tower body, and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the floating block.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, at the initial stage of the production of crude (light) benzene, as the amount of steam condensate on the partition plate increases, the liquid level gradually rises, causing the floating block to drive the first stopper to gradually rise and the guiding telescopic rod to gradually contract. When the first stopper rises away from the drain pipe, both ends of the drain pipe are connected, and thus the water inside the tower body is discharged.

[0013] At the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, since the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body is small, the amount of steam generated by heating the bottom of the tower body is small. Therefore, the amount of condensed liquid at the top of the partition plate is small and the liquid level is low. At this time, the height of the first stopper is low, the connection port between the drain pipe and the inside of the tower body is small, the flow rate of the drain pipe is small, and the amount of discharged water is small. As the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body gradually increases, the amount of steam generated by heating the bottom of the tower body gradually increases. Therefore, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate gradually rises. At this time, the heights of the floating block and the first stopper gradually increase, the connection port between the drain pipe and the inside of the tower body gradually increases, the flow rate of the drain port gradually increases, and the amount of discharged water gradually increases until the amount of rich oil inside the tower body reaches a certain value. At this time, the first stopper completely moves away from the drain pipe, and the drain pipe is completely opened, and the drainage volume tends to be stable.

[0014] Optionally, the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod divides the inner part of the fixed end of the guiding telescopic rod into a first rod chamber and a first rodless chamber; a control assembly is disposed on the tower body, and the control assembly includes a control telescopic rod, a first spring, and a first communication pipe; the fixed end of the control telescopic rod is fixedly disposed on the tower body, the movable end of the control telescopic rod is inserted into the feed pipe, the movable end of the control telescopic rod is slidably connected to the feed pipe, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod divides the inner part of the fixed end of the control telescopic rod into a second rod chamber and a second rodless chamber; the first spring is fixedly disposed in the second rodless chamber; both ends of the first communication pipe are communicated with the first rodless chamber and the second rod chamber respectively, and a liquid is preset in the first communication pipe, the first rodless chamber, and the second rod chamber.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, at the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate is relatively low, the extension length of the guiding telescopic rod is relatively long, the volume of the first rodless cavity is relatively large, and under the action of the first spring, the liquid in the second rod cavity enters the first rodless cavity through the first communication pipe, controlling the relatively long extension length of the telescopic rod, so that the flow rate in the feed pipe is relatively small. As the rich oil injected into the tower body gradually increases, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate gradually rises, and the water discharge volume in the drain pipe gradually increases. At this time, the guiding telescopic rod gradually contracts, the volume of the first rodless cavity decreases, and the liquid in the first rodless cavity is pressurized and enters the second rod cavity, causing the control telescopic rod to contract. The movable end of the control telescopic rod slides away from the feed pipe, the communication port between the feed pipe and the inside of the tower body increases, and the flow rate in the feed pipe increases. When the liquid level at the top of the partition plate gradually stabilizes, the flow rate of the feed pipe tends to be stable, thus realizing the automatic control of the amount of rich oil entering the tower body, making the water discharge volume of the drain pipe match the flow rate of the feed pipe, which is beneficial to maintaining the material balance in the distillation tower.

[0016] Optionally, the reboiling assembly includes a ventilation plate and an electric heating plate; the ventilation plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and ventilation holes are formed in the ventilation plate; the connection part between the second discharge pipe and the inside of the tower body is located at the bottom of the ventilation plate; the electric heating plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and the electric heating plate is used for heating the bottom of the tower body.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the electric heating plate is used to heat the rich oil flowing to the bottom of the tower body, thereby generating steam. The electric heating plate has a fast response and is convenient for adjusting the temperature, which is beneficial to maintaining the heat balance inside the distillation tower.

[0018] Optionally, a lagging assembly is arranged on the tower body. The lagging assembly includes a second stop block, a lagging telescopic rod, a second spring and a second communication pipe; the second stop block is arranged at the connection part between the second discharge pipe and the inside of the tower body; the fixed end of the lagging telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the ventilation plate, the movable end of the lagging telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the second stop block, and the movable end of the lagging telescopic rod divides the inner part of the fixed end of the lagging telescopic rod into a third rod cavity and a third rodless cavity; the second spring is fixedly arranged in the third rod cavity; both ends of the second communication pipe are communicated with the first rod cavity and the third rodless cavity respectively, and liquids are preset in the second communication pipe, the first rod cavity and the third rodless cavity.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, in the initial state, the third rodless cavity is filled with liquid. Under the gravitational action of the floating block, the first stop block and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod, the lag telescopic rod compresses the second spring and is in the maximum extended state. The second stop block is located at the connection between the second discharge pipe and the inside of the tower body, isolating the second discharge pipe. In the initial stage of the production of crude (light) benzene, when the rich oil enters the inside of the tower body from the feed pipe and then flows to the bottom of the tower body along the oil-water mixture channel, at this time, both ends of the second discharge pipe are isolated, and the rich oil cannot flow out from the second discharge pipe. This avoids the situation where the rich oil just injected into the tower body flows out from the second discharge pipe at the very beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil.

[0020] As the rich oil at the bottom of the tower body is heated to form steam, the steam flows to the top of the tower body and condenses, causing the liquid level above the partition to gradually rise. This makes the floating block drive the guiding telescopic rod to gradually contract. Under the action of the second spring, the liquid in the third rodless cavity flows into the first rodless cavity, causing the lag telescopic rod to contract. The contraction of the lag telescopic rod drives the second stop block to slide away from the second discharge pipe, making the second discharge pipe communicate. At this time, the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body has undergone several cycles, forming a heavy benzene product, which floats on the upper part after standing still and flows out through the second discharge pipe. The use of the lag component makes the second discharge pipe open laggingly, thus ensuring the normal discharge of the heavy benzene product.

[0021] Optionally, the drainage assembly further includes a water injection pipe and a second valve; the water injection pipe is communicated with the drainage pipe; the second valve is installed on the water injection pipe.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, before the production of crude (light) benzene, the operator opens the first valve and the second valve. At this time, the drainage pipe is isolated from the inside of the tower body. Water is injected into the drainage pipe through the water injection pipe, and then the first valve and the second valve are closed in sequence, filling the drainage pipe with water, which is convenient for the operator to inject water into the drainage pipe.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By setting the drainage assembly, the water inside the tower body is continuously discharged, thus avoiding the gradual increase of the water inside the tower body with the injection of the rich oil, and improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil; By setting the control assembly, the automatic control of the amount of rich oil entering the inside of the tower body is realized, making the water discharge amount of the drainage pipe match the flow rate of the feed pipe, which is beneficial to maintaining the material balance inside the distillation tower; By setting the lag component, the second discharge pipe is opened laggingly, avoiding the situation where the rich oil just injected into the tower body flows out from the second discharge pipe at the very beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, thereby improving the distillation and purification efficiency of the rich oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 4 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part B in Figure 5 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of part C in Figure 6 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of part D in Figure 7 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part E in Figure 8 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of part F in Figure 9 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of part G in

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Distillation column; 11. Column body; 111. Feed pipe; 112. First discharge pipe; 113. Second discharge pipe; 114. Condensation chamber; 12. Tray; 13. Overflow plate; 141. Permeable plate; 142. Electric heating plate; 151. Partition plate; 152. Return pipe; 153. Condenser; 2. Drainage assembly; 21. Drain pipe; 22. First valve; 23. Water injection pipe; 24. Second valve; 3. Adjustment assembly; 31. Floating block; 32. First stop block; 33. Guide telescopic rod; 331. First rod chamber; 332. First rodless chamber; 4. Control assembly; 41. Control telescopic rod; 411. Second rod chamber; 412. Second rodless chamber; 42. First spring; 43. First connecting pipe; 5. Hysteresis assembly; 51. Second stop block; 52. Hysteresis telescopic rod; 521. Third rod chamber; 522. Third rodless chamber; 53. Second spring; 54. Second connecting pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following further elaborates on the present application in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-9 drawings.

[0027] An embodiment of the present application discloses an oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column includes a distillation column 1 and a drainage component 2 provided on the distillation column 1. The distillation column 1 includes a column body 11, a tray 12, an overflow plate 13, a reboiling component, and a condensing component. The column body 11 is vertically arranged and is thick at the bottom and thin at the top as a whole. A number of trays 12 are arranged vertically inside the column body 11. The trays 12 are horizontally arranged, and sieve holes are formed on the trays 12. The trays 12 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the column body 11. A number of overflow plates 13 are also arranged vertically inside the column body 11. The overflow plates 13 correspond to the trays 12 one by one. The overflow plates 13 are vertically arranged and are fixedly connected to one end of the trays 12. The overflow plates 13 and the trays 12 together form an oil-water mixture channel. It should be noted that in actual production, generally 25 to 50 groups of overflow plates 13 and trays 12 are provided. For clear display, 6 groups are shown in the attached drawings of the specification of the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a feed pipe 111, a first discharge pipe 112, and a second discharge pipe 113 are provided on the column body 11. The feed pipe 111, the first discharge pipe 112, and the second discharge pipe 113 are all communicated with the inside of the column body 11.

[0029] Refer to Figure 3 , the connection part of the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the column body 11 is located at the middle section position of the column body 11.

[0030] Refer to Figure 2 , the connection part of the first discharge pipe 112 and the inside of the column body 11 is located at the top of the column body 11. The first discharge pipe 112 is used to discharge the light component benzene product inside the column body 11.

[0031] Refer to Figure 4 , the connection part of the second discharge pipe 113 and the inside of the column body 11 is located at the bottom of the column body 11. The second discharge pipe 113 is used to discharge the heavy component benzene product inside the column body 11.

[0032] Refer to Figure 2 , the reboiling component includes a ventilation plate 141 and an electric heating plate 142. The ventilation plate 141 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the column body 11. The ventilation plate 141 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column body 11. Ventilation holes are formed on the ventilation plate 141. The connection part of the second discharge pipe 113 and the inside of the column body 11 is located at the bottom of the ventilation plate 141. The electric heating plate 142 is fixedly arranged inside the bottom wall of the column body 11. The electric heating plate 142 is used to heat the bottom of the column body 11. In some other embodiments, a heat exchanger is used to heat the liquid at the bottom of the column body 11.

[0033] Refer to Figure 2, the condensation assembly includes a partition plate 151, a reflux pipe 152, and a condenser 153. The partition plate 151 is horizontally arranged at the top of the tower body 11, and the partition plate 151 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 11. The partition plate 151 divides the interior of the tower body 11 into upper and lower parts. The connection point of the first discharge pipe 112 with the interior of the tower body 11 is located at the top of the partition plate 151. The reflux pipe 152 is vertically arranged at the top of the partition plate 151. The top of the reflux pipe 152 is covered with a curved surface cover, and at least one communication hole is opened at the top of the reflux pipe 152. The communication hole and the reflux pipe 152 connect the upper and lower parts of the tower body 11. A condensation chamber 114 is opened inside the top wall of the tower body 11. The condenser 153 is connected to the condensation chamber 114 through two pipes, which are a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe respectively. The condenser 153 provides condensate for the condensation chamber 114.

[0034] When producing crude (light) benzene, the operator heats the rich oil and injects it into the interior of the tower body 11 through the feed pipe 111. The rich oil flows to the tray 12 at the bottom of the feed pipe 111. When the liquid level of the rich oil is higher than the top wall of the overflow plate 13, the rich oil flows to the lower tray 12, and so on until it flows to the bottom of the tower body 11. At this time, the electric heating plate 142 is in a working state, and the electric heating plate 142 heats the rich oil at the bottom of the tower body 11 to make it boil and form steam. Under the action of the pressure difference in the tower, the steam flows upward through the vent holes on the vent plate 141 and the sieve holes on the tray 12.

[0035] During the flow of the steam, it makes a countercurrent contact with the downward-flowing rich oil. Among them, the steam releases heat and undergoes partial condensation, while the rich oil absorbs heat and undergoes partial vaporization. Finally, a new liquid phase continues to flow downward, and a new vapor phase continues to flow upward. This process is repeated on multiple trays 12. The benzene product with light components in the new vapor phase is concentrated, and the benzene product with heavy components in the new liquid phase is concentrated.

[0036] When the new vapor phase flows to the top of the tower body 11, it passes through the reflux pipe 152 and enters the top of the partition plate 151. At this time, the condenser 153 always fills the condensation chamber 114 with condensate through the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe. The new vapor phase contacts the top wall of the tower body 11 for condensation. The condensed liquid flows to the partition plate 151 until the liquid level above the partition plate 151 reaches the position of the communication hole on the reflux pipe 152, then it flows back to the bottom of the partition plate 151 through the reflux pipe 152, and then converges with the rich oil flowing in from the feed pipe 111 through the oil-water mixture channel to form a cycle, and rectification is repeated inside the tower body 11.

[0037] When the liquid level at the bottom of the tower body 11 reaches the height of the second discharge pipe 113, the heavier benzene product located in the upper layer flows out through the second discharge pipe 113. When the liquid level on the baffle 151 at the top of the tower body 11 reaches the height of the first discharge pipe 112, the lighter benzene product located in the upper layer flows out through the first discharge pipe 112, and the operator collects them separately through pipelines.

[0038] Refer to Figures 5-7 , the drainage assembly 2 includes a drain pipe 21, a first valve 22, a water injection pipe 23, and a second valve 24. The drain pipe 21 is horizontally arranged, one end of the drain pipe 21 extends downward and communicates with the inside of the tower body 11, and the communication position is above the baffle 151. The other end of the drain pipe 21 extends downward to below the baffle 151. The first valve 22 is fixedly installed at one end of the drain pipe 21 located below the baffle 151. The water injection pipe 23 is vertically arranged on the top of the drain pipe 21 and communicates with the drain pipe 21. The second valve 24 is fixedly installed on the water injection pipe 23. The height of the communication position between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11 is lower than the height of the communication position between the first discharge pipe 112 and the inside of the tower body 11.

[0039] Refer to Figure 5 , an adjustment assembly 3 is provided on the tower body 11. The adjustment assembly 3 includes a floating block 31, a first stop block 32, and a guiding telescopic rod 33. The floating block 31 is arranged inside the tower body 11 and is located at the communication position between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11. The floating block 31 is made of polyethylene material with a relatively small density. The first stop block 32 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the floating block 31. The guiding telescopic rod 33 is vertically arranged above the floating block 31. The fixed end of the guiding telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the inside of the tower body 11, and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the floating block 31.

[0040] Initially, under the gravity of the floating block 31, the first stop block 32, and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod 33, the first stop block 32 is located at the communication position between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11, so that the drain pipe 21 is isolated from the inside of the tower body 11. Before the production of crude (light) benzene, the operator opens the first valve 22 and the second valve 24, injects water into the drain pipe 21 through the water injection pipe 23, and then closes the first valve 22 and the second valve 24 in sequence, so that the drain pipe 21 is filled with water.

[0041] When producing crude (light) benzene, the operator opens the first valve 22. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the water in the drain pipe 21 will not flow out. When the liquid level above the partition plate 151 gradually rises, the floating block 31 floats upward, driving the first stop block 32 to slide upward. During this process, the guiding telescopic rod 33 gradually contracts, playing a guiding role for the floating block 31. During the process of the liquid level above the partition plate 151 gradually rising, the benzene product and water in the liquid at the top of the partition plate 151 gradually settle and separate, and the water is at the bottom of the benzene product. When the liquid level above the partition plate 151 rises until the floating block 31 drives the first stop block 32 to rise away from the drain pipe 21, both ends of the drain pipe 21 are connected at this time, and the liquid level of the water is higher than the height of the drain pipe 21 at this time. Under the action of siphon, the water above the partition plate 151 is discharged through the drain pipe 21.

[0042] At the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, since the rich oil injected into the tower body 11 is less, the steam generated by heating at the bottom of the tower body 11 is less. Therefore, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate 151 is lower. At this time, the heights of the floating block 31 and the first stop block 32 are lower, the communication port between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11 is smaller, the flow rate of the drain pipe 21 is smaller, and the discharged water is less. As the rich oil injected into the tower body 11 gradually increases, the steam generated by heating at the bottom of the tower body 11 gradually increases. Therefore, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate 151 gradually rises. At this time, the heights of the floating block 31 and the first stop block 32 gradually rise, the communication port between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11 gradually increases, the flow rate of the drain pipe 21 gradually increases, and the discharged water gradually increases until the amount of rich oil in the tower body 11 reaches a certain value. At this time, the first stop block 32 completely moves away from the drain pipe 21, and the drain pipe 21 is completely opened, and the drainage volume tends to be stable.

[0043] Refer to Figure 5 , the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod 33 divides the interior of the fixed end of the guiding telescopic rod 33 into a first rod chamber 331 and a first rodless chamber 332, and the first rod chamber 331 is located below the first rodless chamber 332.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 8 , a control assembly 4 is provided on the tower body 11. The control assembly 4 includes a control telescopic rod 41, a first spring 42, and a first communication pipe 43. The control telescopic rod 41 is vertically arranged inside the side wall of the tower body 11. The fixed end of the control telescopic rod 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the tower body 11. The movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 is inserted into the feed pipe 111, and the movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 is slidably connected to the feed pipe 111 in a direction perpendicular to the feed pipe 111. When the control telescopic rod 41 is in the maximum extended state, both ends of the feed pipe 111 are in a communicating state. The movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 divides the interior of the fixed end of the control telescopic rod 41 into a second rod chamber 411 and a second rodless chamber 412, and the second rod chamber 411 is located below the second rodless chamber 412.

[0045] The first spring 42 is located inside the second rodless cavity 412. The two ends of the first spring 42 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed end and the movable end of the control telescopic rod 41. The first spring 42 is always in a compressed state, and the elastic force of the first spring 42 is less than the buoyancy of the liquid received by the floating block 31. The two ends of the first communication pipe 43 are respectively communicated with the first rodless cavity 332 and the second rod cavity 411. Liquid is preset in the first communication pipe 43, the first rodless cavity 332 and the second rod cavity 411.

[0046] At the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate 151 is relatively low at this time, the water discharge volume in the drain pipe 21 is relatively small, the extended length of the guiding telescopic rod 33 is relatively long, the volume in the first rodless cavity 332 is relatively large. Under the action of the first spring 42, the liquid in the second rod cavity 411 enters the first rodless cavity 332 through the first communication pipe 43, so that the extended length of the control telescopic rod 41 is relatively long. At this time, the communication port between the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the tower body 11 is relatively small, and the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 is relatively small.

[0047] As the rich oil injected into the inside of the tower body 11 gradually increases, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate 151 gradually rises, the water discharge volume in the drain pipe 21 gradually increases. At this time, the extended length of the guiding telescopic rod 33 gradually decreases, the volume in the first rodless cavity 332 decreases, and the liquid in the first rodless cavity 332 is pressed to enter the second rod cavity 411 through the first communication pipe 43, so that the control telescopic rod 41 compresses the first spring 42 to contract. The movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 slides in a direction away from the feed pipe 111, the communication port between the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the tower body 11 increases, and the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 increases. Thus, the control of the amount of rich oil entering the inside of the tower body 11 is realized, so that the more the amount of water discharged by the drain pipe 21, the more the amount of rich oil injected into the inside of the tower body 11.

[0048] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a lag component 5 is provided on the tower body 11. The lag component 5 includes a second stopper 51, a lag telescopic rod 52, a second spring 53, and a second communication pipe 54. The second stopper 51 is provided at the connection between the second discharge pipe 113 and the inside of the tower body 11, and the axis direction of the second stopper 51 is horizontally arranged. The lag telescopic rod 52 is horizontally arranged inside the tower body 11 and is located below the air permeable plate 141. The fixed end of the lag telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the air permeable plate 141, and the movable end of the lag telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the second stopper 51.

[0049] The movable end of the lag telescopic rod 52 divides the inner part of the fixed end of the lag telescopic rod 52 into a third rod chamber 521 and a third rodless chamber 522. The third rod chamber 521 is located between the third rodless chamber 522 and the second stop block 51. The second spring 53 is arranged in the third rod chamber 521, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the fixed end of the lag telescopic rod 52 and the movable end of the lag telescopic rod 52 respectively. The two ends of the second connecting pipe 54 are respectively communicated with the first rod chamber 331 and the third rodless chamber 522. Liquid is preset in the second connecting pipe 54, the first rod chamber 331 and the third rodless chamber 522.

[0050] In the initial state, the third rodless chamber 522 is filled with liquid. Under the gravity of the floating block 31, the first stop block 32 and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod 33, the lag telescopic rod 52 compresses the second spring 53 and is in the maximum extended state. The second stop block 51 is located at the connection between the second discharge pipe 113 and the inside of the tower body 11, making the second discharge pipe 113 in an isolated state. In the initial stage of the production of crude (light) benzene, when the rich oil enters the inside of the tower body 11 from the feed pipe 111 and then flows along the oil-water mixture channel to the bottom of the tower body 11, at this time, both ends of the second discharge pipe 113 are in an isolated state, and the rich oil cannot flow out from the second discharge pipe 113.

[0051] As the rich oil at the bottom of the tower body 11 is heated to form steam, the steam flows to the top of the tower body 11 and condenses, causing the liquid level above the partition 151 to gradually rise, causing the floating block 31 to drive the guiding telescopic rod 33 to gradually contract. The contraction of the guiding telescopic rod 33 makes the volume of the first rod chamber 331 increase. Under the action of the second spring 53, the liquid in the third rodless chamber 522 enters the first rod chamber 331 through the second connecting pipe 54, causing the lag telescopic rod 52 to contract. The contraction of the lag telescopic rod 52 drives the second stop block 51 to slide away from the second discharge pipe 113. When the floating block 31 drives the first stop block 32 to slide upward to connect the drain pipe 21, the lag telescopic rod 52 drives the second stop block 51 away from the second discharge pipe 113, making the second discharge pipe 113 connected. At this time, the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body 11 has experienced several cycles, forming a heavy component benzene product, and after standing, it floats above and flows out through the second discharge pipe 113.

[0052] The implementation principle of the oil-water separation device integrated in the distillation tower in the embodiment of the present application is: At the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, the extension length of the guiding telescopic rod 33 is relatively long, which makes the extension length of the control telescopic rod 41 relatively long. At this time, the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 is relatively small. The operator heats the rich oil and injects it into the tower body 11 through the feed pipe 111. The rich oil flows to the tray 12 at the bottom of the feed pipe 111. When the liquid level of the rich oil is higher than the top wall of the overflow plate 13, the rich oil flows to the lower tray 12, and so on until it flows to the bottom of the tower body 11. At this time, the lag telescopic rod 52 is in the maximum extension state, and the second stop block 51 is located at the connection between the second discharge pipe 113 and the inside of the tower body 11, making the second discharge pipe 113 in an isolated state, and the rich oil cannot flow out from the second discharge pipe 113.

[0053] The rich oil at the bottom of the tower body 11 is heated and boiled by the electric heating plate 142 to form steam. Under the action of the pressure difference in the tower, the steam flows upward through the ventilation holes on the ventilation plate 141 and the sieve holes on the tray 12, making reverse contact with the downward flowing rich oil. Among them, part of the steam condenses by releasing heat, and part of the rich oil vaporizes by absorbing heat. Finally, a new liquid phase continues to flow downward, and the new vapor phase continues to flow upward. This process is repeated on multiple trays 12. The benzene product with light components in the new vapor phase is concentrated, and the benzene product with heavy components in the new liquid phase is concentrated.

[0054] When the new vapor phase flows through the reflux pipe 152 and enters the top of the partition plate 151 and contacts the top wall of the tower body 11, it condenses under the action of the condensate in the condensate tank and flows downward to the partition plate 151 until the liquid level above the partition plate 151 reaches the position of the communication hole on the reflux pipe 152, then it flows back to the bottom of the partition plate 151 through the reflux pipe 152, and then converges with the rich oil flowing in from the feed pipe 111 through the oil-water mixture channel to form a cycle, and rectification is repeated inside the tower body 11.

[0055] Initially, the liquid level above the partition plate 151 is relatively low. Under the action of the gravity of the floating block 31, the first stop block 32 and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod 33, the first stop block 32 is located at the connection between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11, making the drain pipe 21 in an isolated state from the inside of the tower body 11. As the liquid level above the partition plate 151 gradually rises, the floating block 31 drives the first stop block 32 to slide upward, making the guiding telescopic rod 33 gradually contract. When the floating block 31 rises until the first stop block 32 is away from the connection between the drain pipe 21 and the inside of the tower body 11, the drain pipe 21 is connected. At this time, the benzene product and water in the liquid at the top of the partition plate 151 are gradually statically separated, and the liquid level of the water is higher than the height of the drain pipe 21. The water above the partition plate 151 flows out through the drain pipe 21.

[0056] At the beginning of the production of crude (light) benzene, there is less rich oil inside the tower body 11, resulting in less steam generated by heating at the bottom of the tower body 11. Therefore, the liquid level at the top of the partition plate 151 is lower. At this time, the heights of the floating block 31 and the first stop block 32 are lower, the flow rate of the drain pipe 21 is smaller, and less water is discharged. As the rich oil injected into the tower body 11 gradually increases, the steam generated at the bottom of the tower body 11 gradually increases, and the liquid level at the top of the partition plate 151 gradually rises. At this time, the heights of the floating block 31 and the first stop block 32 gradually increase, the flow rate of the drain port gradually increases, and the discharged water gradually increases until the amount of rich oil inside the tower body 11 reaches a certain value. At this time, the first stop block 32 completely moves away from the drain pipe 21, and the drain pipe 21 is completely opened, and the drainage volume tends to be stable.

[0057] As the rich oil injected into the tower body 11 gradually increases, the water discharge volume in the drain pipe 21 gradually increases. At this time, the extended length of the guiding telescopic rod 33 gradually decreases, and the liquid in the first rodless cavity 332 is pressurized and enters the second rod cavity 411 through the first connecting pipe 43, causing the control telescopic rod 41 to contract. The movable end of the control telescopic rod 41 slides in the direction away from the feed pipe 111, the connecting pipe between the feed pipe 111 and the inside of the tower body 11 increases, the flow rate in the feed pipe 111 increases, and the amount of rich oil injected into the tower body 11 increases.

[0058] As the liquid level above the partition plate 151 gradually rises, the contraction of the guiding telescopic rod 33 causes the volume of the first rod cavity 331 to increase. Under the action of the second spring 53, the lag telescopic rod 52 contracts, driving the second stop block 51 to slide in the direction away from the second discharge pipe 113. When the floating block 31 drives the first stop block 32 to slide upward to connect the drain pipe 21, the second discharge pipe 113 is connected. At this time, the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body 11 has experienced several cycles, forming a heavy component benzene product, and after standing, it floats on the upper layer and flows out through the second discharge pipe 113.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column, characterized in that: It includes a distillation column (1) and a drainage component (2) provided on the distillation column (1); the distillation column (1) includes a column body (11), a tray (12), an overflow plate (13), a reboiling component and a condensing component; the column body (11) is vertically arranged; there are several trays (12) and overflow plates (13), the trays (12) are horizontally and fixedly arranged inside the column body (11), and sieve holes are formed in the trays (12); the overflow plates (13) are fixedly arranged on the trays (12), and the trays (12) and the overflow plates (13) together form an oil-water mixture channel; a feed pipe (111), a first discharge pipe (112) and a second discharge pipe (113) are communicatedly arranged on the column body (11); the reboiling component is arranged at the bottom of the column body (11) and is used to heat the oil-water mixture flowing to the bottom of the column body (11) into steam; the condensing component is arranged at the top of the column body (11) and is used to condense the steam flowing to the top of the column body (11); the drainage component (2) is arranged on the column body (11) and is used to continuously discharge the moisture in the distillation column (1).

2. The oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensing component includes a partition plate (151), a reflux pipe (152) and a condenser (153); the partition plate (151) is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the top of the column body (11) and divides the column body (11) into upper and lower parts; the reflux pipe (152) is fixedly arranged on the partition plate (151), and the reflux pipe (152) communicates the upper and lower parts of the column body (11); a condensing cavity (114) is formed inside the top wall of the column body (11); the condenser (153) is connected to the condensing cavity (114) through a pipeline, and the condenser (153) is used to provide condensate for the inside of the condensing cavity (114); the connection part of the first discharge pipe (112) and the column body (11) is located at the top of the partition plate (151).

3. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage component (2) includes a drain pipe (21) and a first valve (22); the drain pipe (21) is horizontally arranged, one end of the drain pipe (21) extends downward and is communicated with the inside of the column body (11), and the connection part is located at the top of the partition plate (151), and the other end of the drain pipe (21) extends downward to the lower part of the partition plate (151); the first valve (22) is installed at one end of the drain pipe (21) located below the partition plate (151); water is preset in the drain pipe (21); an adjusting component (3) is arranged inside the column body (11), and the adjusting component (3) is used to adjust the communication state between the drain pipe (21) and the inside of the column body (11).

4. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly (3) includes a floating block (31), a first stop block (32), and a guiding telescopic rod (33); the floating block (31) is arranged inside the tower body (11) and is located at the connection between the drain pipe (21) and the inside of the tower body (11); the first stop block (32) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the floating block (31); the guiding telescopic rod (33) is vertically arranged inside the tower body (11), the fixed end of the guiding telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the tower body (11), and the movable end of the guiding telescopic rod (33) is fixedly connected to the floating block (31).

5. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable end of the guiding telescopic rod (33) divides the inner part of the fixed end of the guiding telescopic rod (33) into a first rod chamber (331) and a first rodless chamber (332); a control assembly (4) is arranged on the tower body (11), and the control assembly (4) includes a control telescopic rod (41), a first spring (42), and a first connecting pipe (43); the fixed end of the control telescopic rod (41) is fixedly arranged on the tower body (11), the movable end of the control telescopic rod (41) is inserted on the feed pipe (111), the movable end of the control telescopic rod (41) is slidably connected to the feed pipe (111), and the movable end of the control telescopic rod (41) divides the inner part of the fixed end of the control telescopic rod (41) into a second rod chamber (411) and a second rodless chamber (412); the first spring (42) is fixedly arranged inside the second rodless chamber (412); both ends of the first connecting pipe (43) are respectively communicated with the first rodless chamber (332) and the second rod chamber (411), and a liquid is preset in the first connecting pipe (43), the first rodless chamber (332), and the second rod chamber (411).

6. The oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reboiling assembly includes a ventilation plate (141) and an electric heating plate (142); the ventilation plate (141) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body (11), and ventilation holes are formed in the ventilation plate (141); the connection between the second discharge pipe (113) and the inside of the tower body (11) is located at the bottom of the ventilation plate (141); the electric heating plate (142) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower body (11), and the electric heating plate (142) is used for heating the bottom of the tower body (11).

7. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lag component (5) is provided on the tower body (11). The lag component (5) includes a second stopper (51), a lag telescopic rod (52), a second spring (53), and a second communication pipe (54); the second stopper (51) is provided at the connection between the second discharge pipe (113) and the interior of the tower body (11); the fixed end of the lag telescopic rod (52) is fixedly connected to the air-permeable plate (141), the movable end of the lag telescopic rod (52) is fixedly connected to the second stopper (51), and the movable end of the lag telescopic rod (52) divides the interior of the fixed end of the lag telescopic rod (52) into a third rod chamber (521) and a third rodless chamber (522); the second spring (53) is fixedly arranged in the third rod chamber (521); both ends of the second communication pipe (54) are communicated with the first rod chamber (331) and the third rodless chamber (522), and a liquid is preset in the second communication pipe (54), the first rod chamber (331), and the third rodless chamber (522).

8. An oil-water separation device integrated in a distillation column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage component (2) further includes a water injection pipe (23) and a second valve (24); the water injection pipe (23) is communicated with the drain pipe (21); the second valve (24) is installed on the water injection pipe (23).

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