Conical part with longitudinal ribs and shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a conical part with longitudinal ribs and a shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method thereof. The shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method comprises the steps that a pair of spinning rollers cooperatively form the conical part with the longitudinal ribs, the spinning rollers are distributed in a staggered mode in the axial direction, the front spinning roller executes shear spinning forming, the spinning roller gap is determined according to the sine law, and a plate blank is machined into a conical contour; the rear spinning roller adopts a flow spinning forming reinforcing rib, and the spinning roller gap is determined by the wall thickness of the target component. According to the shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method, the plate blank can be directly used for spinning forming of the ribbed conical part, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spinning, and in particular, to a longitudinally ribbed conical part and a shear spinning-fluid spinning composite spinning forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The longitudinally ribbed conical part is a key component in fields such as the aerospace field, and is widely used. Due to its complex structure, high precision requirements, and large manufacturing difficulty, high requirements are put forward for the manufacturing and forming process. Traditional conical parts often adopt the overall casting method, and the formed parts have disadvantages such as large mass and high processing costs, which are not conducive to the high-performance and high-efficiency development of equipment.

[0003] Spinning forming, as a high-performance integral forming method for forming ribbed rotary thin-walled components, has the advantages of simple tooling equipment, high flexibility, and high material utilization rate, and has been applied in the forming manufacturing of longitudinally ribbed conical parts. The existing spinning forming process flow of longitudinally ribbed conical parts is to form a conical preform from a blank, and then use the preform to form a longitudinally ribbed conical part. The formed part has good quality, but this process is time-consuming and requires two sets of core molds. During the process of replacing the core molds, repositioning is required, which reduces the forming accuracy. At the same time, in the face of conical parts with different half-cone angles, the core molds for manufacturing the preforms also need to be replaced accordingly, increasing the core mold tooling cost.

[0004] Therefore, how to directly form a longitudinally ribbed conical part from a blank without the step of forming a preform, and there is an urgent need for a new spinning forming method to improve production efficiency and meet different production requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a longitudinally ribbed conical part and a shear spinning-fluid spinning composite spinning forming method thereof.

[0006] According to a shear spinning-fluid spinning composite spinning forming method of a longitudinally ribbed conical part provided by the present invention, it includes:

[0007] Step S1: Determine the size of the initial blank;

[0008] Step S2: Axially stagger the front spinning wheel and the rear spinning wheel, and respectively determine the clearance value between each spinning wheel and the blank;

[0009] Step S3: Perform a shear spinning-fluid spinning composite spinning forming operation based on the initial blank to obtain a formed conical part;

[0010] Step S4: Obtain a longitudinally ribbed conical part based on the formed conical part.

[0011] Preferably, the step S1 includes:

[0012] The size of the initial circular blank includes: thickness t0 and radius R0;

[0013]

[0014] Among them, t is the wall thickness of the target component; c is the reduction amount during the rotation of the rear rotary wheel; θ is the half-cone angle of the target component;

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, V is the volume of the wall plate around the target component without internal ribs; l is the bus length of the target component, r is the top radius of the target component, R is the bottom radius of the target component, θ is the half-cone angle of the target component; N is the number of longitudinal ribs, w is the width of the longitudinal ribs, and h is the height of the longitudinal ribs.

[0017] Preferably, the step S2 includes: the axial offset distance d between the front rotary wheel and the rear rotary wheel needs to ensure that the acting areas between the two do not interfere with each other, and is g associated with the fillet radius r of the rotary wheel. At the same time, the radial forces exerted by the two rotary wheels on the slab are balanced; the value range of d is r g ~1.5r g .

[0018] Preferably, the step S2 includes: the front rotary wheel performs shear spinning, and the clearance value with the slab is t0sinθ, and the rear rotary wheel performs flow spinning, and the clearance value with the slab is the wall thickness t of the target component; where t0 is the thickness of the initial slab; θ is the half-cone angle of the target component.

[0019] Preferably, the step S3 includes: when performing the combined shear spinning-flow spinning forming operation, setting process parameters including the fillet radius r g of the rotary wheel, feed ratio f, spindle speed n, and heating temperature T.

[0020] Preferably, the front rotary wheel r g1 has a value range of 0.5t0~2.0t0; where t0 represents the thickness of the initial slab; the rear rotary wheel r g2 has a value range of 0.5t0sinθ~2.0t0sinθ; θ is the half-cone angle of the target component; the feed ratio f has a value range of 0.5 mm / r~2.0 mm / r; r is the top radius of the target component; the spindle speed n has a value range of 50 r / min~200 r / min; the heating temperature T is selected according to the properties of the material.

[0021] Preferably, the step S4 includes: selecting a corresponding material removal processing method according to the wall thickness and excess flash of the formed conical part to obtain a conical part with longitudinal ribs.

[0022] Preferably, the method further includes: measuring the internal rib fullness, wall thickness, and die-fitting degree of the formed conical part, evaluating the forming quality, and when the forming quality does not meet the preset requirements, modifying the process parameters in the shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming operation until the forming quality meets the preset requirements.

[0023] A longitudinally ribbed conical part according to the present invention is prepared by using the above-mentioned shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method for longitudinally ribbed conical parts.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention can directly form a ribbed conical part from a slab, effectively shortening the process flow, improving the production efficiency of the ribbed conical part, and the step of reducing the replacement of the core die can improve the forming accuracy of the conical part;

[0026] 2. The present invention can be used for the spinning forming of ribbed conical parts with different half-cone angles, without the need to make a special prefabricated cylindrical blank, reducing the tooling and production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] By reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the target component.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the shear spinning-flow spinning composite forming method.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the formed ribbed part.

[0031] Among them: 1 - front spinning wheel, 2 - tail top, 3 - rear spinning wheel, 4 - slab, 5 - rib groove, 6 - conical core die, 7 - mandrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] A shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method for longitudinally ribbed conical parts according to the present invention is as follows:

[0035] Step S1: Determine the size of the initial slab;

[0036] The initial slab is generally a circular blank, and its dimensions include the thickness t0 and the radius R0. The thickness t0 is determined according to Equation (1);

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, t is the wall thickness of the target component; c is the reduction amount during the backward flow spinning process of the spinning wheel, and this parameter is associated with the rib height h of the target component. c is preferably selected within the range of h to 1.25h; θ is the semi-cone angle of the target component;

[0039] The radius R0 is determined according to Equation (2);

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, V is the volume of the wall plate around the target component without internal ribs, which is calculated and determined according to Equation (3). l is the bus length of the target component, r is the top radius of the target component, R is the bottom radius of the target component, and θ is the semi-cone angle of the target component; N is the number of longitudinal ribs, w is the width of the longitudinal ribs, and h is the rib height of the longitudinal ribs. Here, for the convenience of calculation, the cross-section of the internal ribs is regarded as a rectangle;

[0043] Step S2: The two spinning wheels are axially offset, and the clearance value between each spinning wheel and the slab is determined respectively;

[0044] The axially offset distance d between the two spinning wheels needs to ensure that the acting areas between them do not interfere with each other, and it is associated with the fillet radius r of the spinning wheel g At the same time, the radial forces exerted by the two spinning wheels on the slab should be as balanced as possible. Therefore, d is preferably selected within the range of r g to 1.5r g range;

[0045] The front spinning wheel performs shear spinning, and the clearance value from the slab is t0sinθ. The rear spinning wheel performs flow spinning, and the clearance value from the slab is the wall thickness t of the target component;

[0046] Step S3: Design a spinning test plan for the ribbed conical part;

[0047] It is mainly the process parameters during the spinning process, including the fillet radius r of the spinning wheel g , feed ratio f, spindle speed n, heating temperature T, etc.;

[0048] Generally speaking, the r of the front spinning wheel g is preferably selected within the range of 0.5t0 to 2.0t0, and the r of the rear spinning wheel gIt should be selected within the range of 0.5t0sinθ to 2.0t0sinθ, the feed ratio f should be selected within the range of 0.5 mm / r to 2.0 mm / r, the spindle speed n should be selected within the range of 50 r / min to 200 r / min, and the heating temperature T is selected according to the properties of the material;

[0049] Step S4: Evaluate the quality of the formed conical part;

[0050] Measure data such as the fullness of the internal ribs, wall thickness, and die fitting degree of the formed part, evaluate the forming quality, and feedback to the previous steps according to the evaluation results to improve the process parameters during the spinning process.

[0051] In the said step S3, the two spinning wheels can be selected differently according to requirements. The front spinning wheel performs shear spinning, and either an arc spinning wheel or a double-cone spinning wheel can be used; the rear spinning wheel performs flow spinning, and a double-cone spinning wheel is preferably used, with the lead-in angle preferably being 20° to 30° and the lead-out angle preferably being 15° to 25°.

[0052] In the said step S4, select the corresponding material removal processing method according to the wall thickness and excess flash of the formed part to obtain a ribbed conical part that meets the requirements.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] Embodiment 2 is a preferred example of Embodiment 1

[0055] Figure 1 For the target component of the embodiment, the semi-cone angle θ of the conical part is 30°, the top radius r is 25 mm, the bottom radius R is 65 mm, the generatrix l is 80 mm, the wall thickness t of the wall plate is 2 mm, there are 4 longitudinal ribs evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner edge of the conical part, the inner rib width w and height h are 6 mm and 3 mm respectively, the draft angles on both sides are 15°, and the material is 5A06 aluminum alloy.

[0056] The shear spinning-flow spinning composite forming method of the ribbed conical part of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] Step S1: According to the parameters of the target component, the reduction amount c of the rear spinning wheel 3 is 3 mm, and the initial blank thickness t0 is determined to be 10 mm according to formula (1); the radius R0 is calculated to be 64 mm according to formula (2). Considering equipment errors and machining allowances, etc., an initial plate blank with a radius of 90 mm is selected;

[0058] Step S2: The axial distance d between the two spinning wheels is 10 mm. The clearance value between the front spinning wheel 1 and the plate blank is determined to be 10×sin30° = 5 mm according to the sine law, and the spinning wheel clearance of the rear spinning wheel 3 is determined to be 2 mm according to the wall thickness of the target component, for reference Figure 2 .

[0059] Step S3: Design a spinning test, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the front spinning wheel 1 and the rear spinning wheel 3 of two double-cone spinning wheels are adopted. According to Figure 1 the target component in, the conical core mold 6 is determined. Four rib grooves 5 are evenly distributed along the generatrix direction on it. The conical core mold 6 is fixed on the spinning machine tool through the core shaft 7. Then, the blank 4 is fixed by the tailstock 2. Both the tailstock 2 and the core shaft 7 are components on the spinning machine tool; the fillet radii r of the two spinning wheels g are both 10 mm, the feed ratio f of the spinning wheel is 1.5 mm / r, the spindle speed n is 50 r / min, and the heating temperature T is 200 °C.

[0060] Step S4: The formed part is as Figure 3 shown. The forming quality is good, and the excess flash can be removed to obtain the required ribbed conical part.

[0061] The results of the embodiment show that the proposed shear spinning-flow spinning composite forming method for ribbed conical parts performs well in the forming of longitudinally ribbed cones, and the quality of the formed parts meets the standards. It still needs to be adapted to the forming applications of other types of ribbed conical parts.

[0062] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation manners. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other.

Claims

1. A shear spinning - flow spinning composite spinning forming method for a conical part with longitudinal ribs, characterized in that, Comprising: Step S1: Determine the dimensions of the initial slab. Step S2: Axially stagger the front spinning wheel and the rear spinning wheel, and respectively determine the clearance value between each spinning wheel and the slab. Step S3: Perform shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming operation based on the initial slab to obtain a formed conical part. Step S4: Obtain a conical part with longitudinal ribs based on the formed conical part.

2. The shear-spinning and flow-spinning composite spinning forming method of the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 1, wherein The said Step S1 includes: The dimensions of the initial circular slab include: thickness t0 and radius R0. Wherein, t is the wall thickness of the target component; c is the reduction amount during the flow spinning process of the rear spinning wheel; θ is the half cone angle of the target component. In the formula, V is the volume of the wall panel around the target component without internal ribs; l is the generatrix length of the target component, r is the top radius of the target component, R is the bottom radius of the target component, θ is the half cone angle of the target component; N is the number of longitudinal ribs, w is the width of the longitudinal ribs, and h is the rib height of the longitudinal ribs.

3. The shear-spinning and flow-spinning composite spinning forming method for the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 1, characterized in that The said step S2 includes: the axial offset distance d between the front roller and the rear roller needs to ensure that the acting areas between the two do not interfere with each other, and is related to the roller fillet radius r g ; meanwhile, the radial forces exerted by the two rollers on the slab are balanced; the value range of d is r g ~1.5r g .

4. The shear-spinning-flow-spinning composite spinning forming method of the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 1, wherein The said Step S2 includes: The front spinning wheel performs shear spinning, and the clearance value with the slab is t0sinθ, and the rear spinning wheel performs flow spinning, and the clearance value with the slab is the wall thickness t of the target component; wherein, t0 is the thickness of the initial slab; θ is the half cone angle of the target component.

5. The shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method of the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S3 includes: when performing the combined shear-rotation flow spinning forming operation, determining the parameters of the conical core die, the parameters and distribution of the rib grooves according to the target component, fixing the core die and the blank on the spinning machine tool through the mandrel and the tailstock, and performing the spinning forming of the conical part after determining the process parameters; wherein, the process parameters including the rounding radius r g of the spinning wheel, the feed ratio f, the spindle speed n and the heating temperature T are set.

6. The shear-spinning and flow-spinning composite spinning forming method of the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 5, characterized in that The front rotating wheel r g1 has a value range of 0.5t0 to 2.0t0; where t0 represents the thickness of the initial slab; the rear rotating wheel r g2 has a value range of 0.5t0sinθ to 2.0t0sinθ; θ is the half-cone angle of the target component; the feed ratio f has a value range of 0.5 mm / r to 2.0 mm / r; r is the top radius of the target component; the spindle speed n has a value range of 50 r / min to 200 r / min; the heating temperature T is selected according to the properties of the material.

7. The shear-spinning and flow-spinning composite spinning forming method for a conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 1, characterized in that The said Step S4 includes: Select a corresponding material removal processing method according to the wall thickness and excess flash of the formed conical part to obtain a conical part with longitudinal ribs.

8. The shear-spinning and flow-spinning composite spinning forming method of the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to claim 5, characterized in that The said method further includes: Measure the internal rib fullness, wall thickness and die fitting degree of the formed conical part, evaluate the forming quality. When the forming quality does not meet the preset requirements, modify the process parameters in the shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming operation until the forming quality meets the preset requirements.

9. A longitudinally ribbed conical part, characterized in that, Prepared by using the shear spinning-flow spinning composite spinning forming method of the conical part with longitudinal ribs according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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