An automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting machine tools, and specifically to an automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers, comprising a machine tool, a movable platform, and a laser cutting head, wherein an additional seat is provided on the movable platform; the bottom of the additional seat is connected to an offset-installed rotary guide rail via a rotating shaft driven by a motor; a telescopic rod is provided on the rotary guide rail, and the laser cutting head is installed at the end of the telescopic rod through a hanger; when the laser cutting head is located directly below the rotating shaft, it is in a three-axis linkage cutting mode, and when the laser cutting head is offset, it is in a rotary cutting mode; a double-layer protection structure is provided on the hanger, and the outer protection comprises a lifting sleeve mounted on the hanger, and an expansion end head structure is mounted on the sleeve, which provides protection for the laser cutting head when the sleeve moves downward, and the expansion end head structure enters the side slot on the rotary guide rail when the sleeve moves upward; the inner protection comprises a support system consisting of a fixed ball guide rod and a movable ball guide rod; efficient and high-precision impeller cutting can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting machine tools, in particular to an automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers. Background Art

[0002] Industrial pump impellers, as core components of fluid conveying equipment, are widely used in fields such as petrochemicals, electric power, water conservancy, and metallurgy. Their performance directly impacts the efficiency and service life of the pump. Impellers typically consist of a cover plate and blades, with complex structures that require high machining precision. Traditional impeller machining methods primarily include casting, milling, and welding. While cast impellers can achieve complex shapes, they suffer from low material utilization and high subsequent machining requirements. Milling, while offering high precision, suffers from long machining cycles and high costs, especially for high-hardness materials, which are less efficient.

[0003] In recent years, laser cutting technology has gradually become an important means of impeller processing due to its high precision, non-contact processing and adaptability to complex shapes. In impeller processing, existing laser cutting equipment is mainly used for cutting and forming the blanks of impeller blades and cover plates. Among them, impeller blades are mostly curved structures, and three-axis laser cutting requires frequent path adjustment. When processing circular cover plates, their circular forming also relies on three-axis linkage. The equipment load is large, and repeated positioning errors can easily lead to dimensional deviations. In addition, existing laser cutting equipment does not provide sufficient protection for the cutting head. When loading metal sheets, the laser head is easily affected by collisions, resulting in reduced cutting accuracy. At the same time, the waste or finished products after cutting are easily stuck in the cutting seam, requiring manual intervention, affecting the continuity of automated production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers to achieve the purpose of efficient and high-precision impeller cutting and to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic rotary cutting device for an industrial pump impeller, comprising a machine tool, a movable pedestal, and a laser cutting head, wherein the movable pedestal is provided with an additional seat;

[0006] The bottom of the attachment is connected to an offset rotating guide rail through a motor-driven rotating shaft. A telescopic rod is provided on the rotating guide rail, and a laser cutting head is mounted on the end of the telescopic rod through a hanging bracket. When the laser cutting head is directly below the rotating shaft, it is in three-axis linkage cutting mode, and when the laser cutting head is offset, it is in rotary cutting mode.

[0007] The hanger is equipped with a double-layer protection structure. The outer protection includes a lifting sleeve installed on the hanger. The sleeve is equipped with an expansion head structure. When the sleeve moves down, it provides protection for the laser cutting head. When the sleeve moves up, the expansion head structure enters the side slot on the rotating guide rail. The expansion connection of the expansion head structure is used to position the hanger.

[0008] The inner layer protection includes a support system consisting of a fixed ball guide rod and a movable ball guide rod. The fixed ball guide rod and the movable ball guide rod are installed on the ring seat. The ball guide rods are dispersed around the laser cutting head through elastic parts for protection. When the sleeve moves upward, the movable ball guide rods can be gathered on both sides of the fixed ball guide rod to provide unilateral mobile support for the laser cutting head.

[0009] Preferably, the side wall of the sleeve is hinged with a knocking rod, which forms a linkage unloading mechanism with the blocking rod on the hanging seat;

[0010] When the sleeve moves upward, the knocking rod is compressed by the blocking rod and tilts upward, and when the sleeve moves downward, the knocking rod is reset and drops down.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating guide rail realizes 360° rotation through a rotating shaft driven by a motor;

[0012] The telescopic rod is adjusted in radial position on the rotating guide rail through a screw transmission mechanism to change the circular cutting radius of the laser cutting head.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting sleeve is driven by a cylinder to achieve lifting movement. When the sleeve descends, it completely wraps the laser cutting head, and when it rises, the laser cutting head is exposed to perform cutting operations.

[0014] Preferably, the expansion end structure includes a base and an end block connected to the base by a spring guide rod, and an expandable friction-enhancing sleeve. When the sleeve rises, the friction-enhancing sleeve expands in the side slot to generate friction locking.

[0015] Preferably, the outer surface of the friction-enhancing sleeve is provided with anti-slip lines, and the inner wall of the side slot is provided with a matching friction pad layer, and the two cooperate to achieve reliable friction locking.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the movable ball guide rods is at least 6, which are symmetrically distributed around the fixed ball guide rod and are kept in a dispersed state by elastic members.

[0017] Preferably, the movable ball guide rod is connected to the sleeve through a steel rope linkage mechanism, and when the sleeve rises, the movable ball guide rod is pulled closer to the fixed ball guide rod by the steel rope.

[0018] Preferably, balls are installed at the bottom ends of the fixed ball guide rod and the movable ball guide rod, and the balls contact the surface of the workpiece to provide support during operation.

[0019] Preferably, in the three-axis linkage cutting mode, the mobile platform controls the laser cutting head through X, Y, and Z three-axis motion to complete complex contour cutting.

[0020] Preferably, in the rotary cutting mode, the movable base remains stationary, and the laser cutting head is driven by the rotation of the shaft to complete the circular cutting.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The coordinated design of the rotary guide and the three-axis mobile platform enables flexible switching between circular trajectory cutting of impeller shrouds and complex trajectory cutting of blades. In rotary cutting mode, the mobile platform is stationary, and only the shaft drive is required to complete high-precision circular forming, significantly reducing the computing load of the three-axis linkage and improving processing efficiency. When cutting complex blades, the laser cutting head returns to the bottom of the shaft, and the three-axis system accurately controls the path to meet diverse processing needs.

[0023] 2. This invention improves the precision and reliability of the laser cutting head through a double-layer protection structure. The outer protection layer is a sleeve controlled by a cylinder. When not in operation, it surrounds the laser cutting head to prevent damage from collisions during loading. In operation, the friction locking mechanism between the expansion end structure and the side clamping groove effectively suppresses vibration and deviation, ensuring stability during rotary cutting. The inner protection layer is a movable ball guide rod, which, under the linkage of elastic parts and steel ropes, can surround and protect the laser head and gather into a support structure during cutting. The ball contacts the plate, preventing collisions and providing dynamic support, doubly guaranteeing cutting accuracy.

[0024] 3. The present invention uses the linkage design of the knocking rod and the blocking rod to automatically trigger the knocking of the plate when the sleeve descends, prompting the cut workpiece to fall off, avoiding the problem of material jamming requiring manual intervention, and improving the degree of automation of continuous production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the machine tool of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is the first schematic diagram of the cutting part structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the cutting part structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rotating guide rail and laser head structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser cutting head installation structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the double-layer protection structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the ball guide rod structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the expansion end structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the ball guide rod installation structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the ball guide rod control structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Machine tool; 2. Moving table; 3. Additional seat; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Rotating guide rail; 6. Telescopic rod; 7. Hanging seat; 8. Laser cutting head; 9. Guide groove; 10. Limiting guide rod; 11. Sleeve; 12. Cylinder; 13. Base; 14. Spring guide rod; 15. End block; 16. Lower support rod; 17. Upper support rod; 18. Friction-increasing sleeve; 19. Side clamping groove; 20. Cushion; 21. Ring seat; 22. End seat; 23. Fixed ball guide rod; 24. Movable ball guide rod; 25. Sliding seat; 26. Elastic part; 27. Ball; 28. Connecting block; 29. Steel rope; 30. Through groove; 31. Articulated seat; 32. Knocking rod; 33. Edge block; 34. Stop rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers, which is part of the intelligent welding system for industrial pump impeller processing and is used for the forming processing of impeller component blanks. The automatic rotary cutting device is used to cut the finished metal plate into a certain shape, and process the circular impeller cover plate and the fan-shaped impeller blade blank for subsequent processing and assembly.

[0039] The automatic rotary cutting device is a laser cutting structure, and its basis is a table-type machine tool 1. A three-axis movable platform 2 is installed on the machine tool 1. The movable platform 2 is installed through three tracks of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. After placing the metal sheet on the machine tool 1, the movable platform 2 can move the laser cutting head 8 to any point of the metal sheet for cutting, and cooperate with the precise three-axis control system to make it move to complete the sizing processing of the impeller component.

[0040] The movable platform 2 of the present invention is provided with an additional seat 3, and a rotating shaft 4 is installed at the bottom of the additional seat 3. The rotating shaft 4 is controlled by the motor drive group in the additional seat 3. A rotating guide rail 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 4. The rotating guide rail 5 is offset and installed on the rotating guide rail 5. A telescopic rod 6 is driven and installed on the rotating guide rail 5. The telescopic rod 6 is controlled by a screw rod assembly and can move at a fixed point in the rotating guide rail 5. A hanging seat 7 is installed at the end of the telescopic rod 6 located in the rotating guide rail 5. The laser cutting head 8 is installed through the hanging seat 7. When the telescopic rod 6 drives the hanging seat 7 to move to the proximal end of the additional seat 3, the laser cutting head 8 is directly below the rotating shaft 4. At this time, the rotating shaft 4 is in a stationary state. The laser cutting head 8 is controlled to move and cut according to the set trajectory. It is mainly used to process the complex blade structure of the impeller. On the contrary, when the suspension seat 7 is driven to move to the far end of the additional seat 3 by the telescopic rod 6, the laser cutting head 8 is offset and installed on the rotating shaft 4 through the rotating guide rail 5. At this time, the movable base 2 can be kept in a stationary state, and the rotating guide rail 5 is driven to rotate automatically by the rotating shaft 4. The laser cutting head 8 moves in a circular trajectory for cutting, which mainly processes circular impeller cover plates. The fixed-point movement and adjustment of the telescopic rod 6 can process cover plates of different sizes. The movable base 2 is mainly used to drive the laser cutting head 8 to change the cutting position. There is no need for complex three-axis calculations and movements, thereby improving the cover plate processing efficiency.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to improve the cutting accuracy of the laser cutting head 8, the present invention provides a double-layer protection structure for the laser cutting head 8 to prevent the laser cutting head 8 from being damaged and affecting the accuracy. First, an outer layer protection structure is provided on the hanger 7, and guide grooves 9 are provided on both sides of the hanger 7. A limiting guide rod 10 is installed through the guide groove 9 to limit the movement. A sleeve 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the limiting guide rod 10. The sleeve 11 is controlled to rise and fall by the cylinder 12. When the laser cutting head 8 is in an inoperative state, the cylinder 12 lowers the sleeve 11. The sleeve 11 can surround the laser cutting head 8 to prevent the laser cutting head 8 from being damaged by foreign objects during the placement of the metal plate. At the same time, an expansion end structure is provided at the end of the limiting guide rod 10. The expansion end structure can provide auxiliary fixing for the hanger 7 and the laser cutting head 8 after the sleeve 11 moves up, to ensure that the laser cutting head 8 can rotate and cut with the rotating guide rail 5.

[0042] The expansion end structure includes a base 13 fixedly mounted on the top of the limiting guide rod 10, an end block 15 is movably mounted on the base 13 through a spring guide rod 14, and a deformable friction-increasing sleeve 18 is connected between the base 13 and the end block 15, and the outer wall of the friction-increasing sleeve 18 is provided with lines, blocks, etc. A lower support rod 16 is unidirectionally mounted on the base 13, and an upper support rod 17 is unidirectionally mounted on the end block 15, the lower support rod 16 and the upper support rod 17 are hinged, and side slots 19 are provided on both sides of the rotating guide rail 5, and the inner side slots 19 are provided with a plurality of grooves. A cushion layer 20 is provided on the wall. When the sleeve 11 moves upward, the expansion end head structure enters the side slot 19, and the end block 15 is squeezed by the side slot 19 and moves toward the base 13. The upper support rod 17 and the lower support rod 16 can rotate and expand outward, squeezing the friction-increasing sleeve 18 from the inside, so that the friction-increasing sleeve 18 expands in the side slot 19. The friction-increasing sleeve 18 and the cushion layer 20 engage with each other to generate resistance, and cooperate with the self-positioning ability of the telescopic rod 6, so that the hanger 7 will not deviate after the adjustment is completed, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the laser cutting head 8.

[0043] Secondly, the laser cutting head 8 is provided with an inner protective structure, which can also provide rotation support for the laser cutting head 8. The laser cutting head 8 is provided with a ring seat 21, and a vertical end seat 22 is installed on one side of the ring seat 21. A fixed ball guide rod 23 is installed below the end seat 22, and a movable ball guide rod 24 is slidably installed in the ring seat 21. There are at least six movable ball guide rods 24, and the movable ball guide rods 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed ball guide rod 23. A movable slide 25 is installed at the top, which is connected to the ring seat 21 through the slide 25, and an elastic member 26 is connected between the slides 25 on both sides of the fixed ball guide rod 23, and an elastic member 26 is also connected between the slide 25 close to the fixed ball guide rod 23 and the top of the fixed ball guide rod 23. Through the elastic force of the elastic member 26, the movable ball guide rods 24 on both sides of the fixed ball guide rod 23 can be spread out, thereby surrounding the laser cutting head 8, and cooperating with the sleeve 11 to provide protection for the laser cutting head 8. At the same time, a vertical through slot 30 is provided on the end seat 22, and a connecting block 28 is installed through the through slot 30 to limit the movement. The connecting block 28 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 11, and the connecting block 28 is also connected to the two slides 25 farthest from the fixed ball guide rod 23 through a steel rope 29. When the sleeve 11 rises to expose the laser cutting head 8 and enters the working state, the sleeve 11 can also drive the connecting block 28 to move up, and then generate tension on the slides 25 at the two ends through the steel rope 29, so that all the movable ball guide rods 24 overcome the The elastic force of the elastic member 26 moves and gathers, and fits on both sides of the fixed ball guide rod 23. At this time, the fixed ball guide rod 23 and the movable ball guide rod 24 are both on the periphery of the workpiece to be cut. The bottom ends of the fixed ball guide rod 23 and the movable ball guide rod 24 are both provided with ball bearings 27. Therefore, all the ball guide rods are in contact with the uncut part of the metal sheet through the ball bearings 27, which plays a mobile supporting role for the laser cutting head 8, ensuring the cutting accuracy, and will not affect the normal cutting process and will not generate pressure on the cut part.

[0044] A knocking rod 32 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the sleeve 11 through a hinged seat 31. The knocking rod 32 is in a drooping state under normal circumstances, and its bottom end can contact the metal plate. A baffle 34 is vertically mounted on the hanger 7 through the side seat. The baffle 34 is above the top of the knocking rod 32. When the sleeve 11 moves upward, the baffle 34 can generate pressure on the top of the knocking rod 32, so that the knocking rod 32 becomes an upward state, which will not affect the normal cutting work of the laser cutting head 8. After the cutting of a workpiece is completed, the sleeve 11 can move downward, the pressure on the knocking rod 32 disappears, and it can return to a drooping state, thereby contacting and knocking the metal plate, causing the plate to vibrate slightly, thereby preventing the workpiece from being stuck in the cut and not falling off.

[0045] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers, comprising a machine tool, a movable platform, and a laser cutting head, characterized in that: The movable platform is provided with an additional seat; The bottom of the additional seat is connected to an offset rotating guide rail through a rotating shaft driven by a motor; a telescopic rod is provided on the rotating guide rail, and a laser cutting head is installed at the end of the telescopic rod through a hanging seat; when the laser cutting head is directly below the rotating shaft, it is in a three-axis linkage cutting mode, and when the laser cutting head is offset, it is in a rotary cutting mode; The hanger is provided with a double-layer protection structure consisting of an outer layer protection and an inner layer protection. The outer layer protection includes a lifting sleeve installed on the hanger, and an expansion end head structure is installed on the sleeve. The expansion end head structure includes a base fixedly installed on the top end of the limiting guide rod, and an end block is movably installed on the base through a spring guide rod, and side grooves are provided on both sides of the rotating guide rail. After the sleeve moves down, it provides protection for the laser cutting head, and after the sleeve moves up, the expansion end head structure enters the side groove on the rotating guide rail, and the end block is squeezed by the side groove and moves toward the base, so that the expansion end head structure expands and connects to position the hanger; The inner layer protection includes a support system consisting of a fixed ball guide rod and a movable ball guide rod. The fixed ball guide rod and the movable ball guide rod are installed on the ring seat. The ball guide rods are dispersed around the laser cutting head through elastic parts for protection. When the sleeve moves upward, the movable ball guide rods can be gathered on both sides of the fixed ball guide rod to provide unilateral mobile support for the laser cutting head.

2. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the sleeve is hinged with a knocking rod, which forms a linkage unloading mechanism with the blocking rod on the hanging seat; When the sleeve moves upward, the knocking rod is compressed by the blocking rod and tilts upward, and when the sleeve moves downward, the knocking rod returns to its original position and hangs down.

3. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating guide rail can realize 360° rotation through the rotating shaft driven by the motor; The telescopic rod is adjusted in radial position on the rotating guide rail through a screw transmission mechanism to change the circular cutting radius of the laser cutting head.

4. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting sleeve is driven by a cylinder to achieve lifting movement. When the sleeve descends, it completely wraps the laser cutting head, and when it rises, the laser cutting head is exposed to perform cutting operations.

5. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion end structure includes a base and an end block connected to the base by a spring guide rod, and an expandable friction-enhancing sleeve. When the sleeve rises, the friction-enhancing sleeve expands in the side slot to generate friction locking.

6. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the friction-increasing sleeve is provided with anti-skid patterns, and the inner wall of the side clamping groove is provided with a matching friction pad layer, and the two cooperate to achieve reliable friction locking.

7. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the movable ball guide rods is at least 6, which are symmetrically distributed around the fixed ball guide rod and are kept in a dispersed state by elastic members.

8. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable ball guide rod is connected to the sleeve through a steel rope linkage mechanism. When the sleeve rises, the movable ball guide rod is pulled toward the fixed ball guide rod by the steel rope.

9. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the fixed ball guide rod and the movable ball guide rod are both equipped with balls, which contact the surface of the workpiece to provide support during operation.

10. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the three-axis linkage cutting mode, the mobile platform controls the laser cutting head through X, Y, and Z axis motion to complete complex contour cutting.

11. The automatic rotary cutting device for industrial pump impellers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the rotary cutting mode, the movable base remains stationary, and the laser cutting head is driven by the rotation of the shaft to complete the circular cutting.

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