Turbine coupling bolt dismounting tool and method

Abstract

An adjustable L-shaped plate is arranged on the top face of a saddle-shaped support of the tool, hanging plates are vertically arranged at the two ends of the interior of the saddle-shaped support respectively, kidney-shaped holes are formed in the adjustable L-shaped plate at intervals, fastening bolts penetrate through the kidney-shaped holes, and the fastening bolts are screwed into fastening nuts located on the top face of the adjustable L-shaped plate. The hanging plate is provided with a screw hole and is screwed with the butting bolt, the hydraulic jack and the cutting device are arranged at the two ends of the exterior of the saddle-shaped support, and a piston rod of the hydraulic jack and a cutting tool bit of the cutting device extend into the saddle-shaped support. According to the method, the saddle-shaped support is hoisted to the coupler and fastened; a coupler bolt is ejected out through a hydraulic jack; if the coupling bolt is severely jammed and cannot be ejected out, the cutting device is mounted on the saddle-shaped bracket; and the cutting device is started to cut the coupling bolt on line, and the coupling bolt is disassembled. According to the tool and the method, the risk that the coupler and the connecting hole are damaged is eliminated, the dismounting operation efficiency and safety are improved, and the equipment maintenance cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment maintenance, and particularly to a tool and method for disassembling bolts of a steam turbine coupling. Background Art

[0002] As a core device of a generator set, the normal overhaul period of a steam turbine is generally about 6 - 10 years. During this process, the disassembly operation of the bolts of the high - and low - pressure rotors, the low - voltage rotor, and the generator exciter rotor coupling is an important item. Due to the long - term influence of axial and shear stresses on the coupling bolts, plastic deformation may occur in local areas of the coupling bolts; long - term operation is also likely to cause scaling and impurities in the coupling connection holes, increasing the difficulty of removing the bolts and even possibly making it impossible to normally remove the bolts.

[0003] Traditional disassembly methods, such as manually knocking with a sledgehammer, although the stuck bolts can be forcibly removed, have many drawbacks. First, the impact torque of the sledgehammer knocking cannot be accurately controlled, which may cause serious mechanical damage to the inner surface of the coupling connection hole. This kind of damage is often irreversible. Seriously, it may lead to the entire rotor being sent back to the factory for repair, directly affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Second, this method is inefficient and requires a large amount of manpower and time, increasing the overhaul cost and uncertainty.

[0004] There is also the use of hydraulic equipment to remove bolts. However, in the case of severely stuck bolts, blindly increasing the working pressure of the hydraulic equipment will affect the clearances between the static and moving parts inside the steam turbine, causing rubbing between the static and moving parts and damaging the static and moving parts of the steam turbine, resulting in unpredictable repair costs.

[0005] After the bolts are removed, the damage to the inner surface of the coupling connection hole needs to be surface - polished again. For those with serious dimensional deviations, bolt re - machining and assembly need to be carried out according to the size of the connection hole after polishing. This not only increases the procurement and processing costs of spare parts, but also the processing and assembly process of the inner surface of the coupling connection hole is very cumbersome. If the size of the coupling connection hole exceeds the tolerance too much during the polishing process, since the coupling and the rotor are an integral structure, the rotor needs to be repaired offline or replaced as a whole. The repair and spare part costs are very expensive and will also affect the overhaul period of the entire unit, resulting in power generation losses in the power plant.

[0006] Therefore, how to efficiently and non - destructively remove the stuck bolts of the coupling and not cause damage to the inner surface of the rotor coupling connection hole is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a disassembly tooling and method for steam turbine coupling bolts. This tooling and method overcome the defects of traditional coupling bolt disassembly operations, eliminate the risk of damage to the coupling and connection holes, improve the operation efficiency and safety of jammed disassembly of coupling bolts, and save equipment maintenance costs.

[0008] To solve the above technical problem, the steam turbine coupling bolt disassembly tooling of the present invention includes a saddle-shaped bracket, a hydraulic jack, and a cutting device. The top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket is movably provided with adjustable L-shaped plates at intervals, and hanging plates are vertically provided at both ends inside. Waist-shaped holes are provided at intervals on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plates. The fastening bolts pass through the waist-shaped holes from the bottom of the top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket and are screwed into the fastening nuts located on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plates. The hanging plates are provided with screw holes and screwed with counter bolts. The hydraulic jack and the cutting device are respectively arranged at both outer ends of the saddle-shaped bracket, and the piston rod of the hydraulic jack and the cutting tool head of the cutting device extend into the inside of the saddle-shaped bracket.

[0009] Further, the cutting device includes a bracket, a motor, a feed rod, a feed handwheel, and a cutting tool head. The front end of the bracket is arranged on the outer end face of the saddle-shaped bracket, the motor is arranged at the tail end of the bracket, the feed rod is arranged inside the bracket and the tail end is connected to the motor rotating shaft, and the front end extends out of the bracket and is connected to the cutting tool head. The feed handwheel is arranged on the side of the tail of the bracket and drives the telescoping of the feed rod.

[0010] Further, the cylinder end face of the hydraulic jack and the bracket end face of the cutting device are respectively connected to the outer end face of the saddle-shaped bracket by screws.

[0011] A method for disassembling steam turbine coupling bolts based on the above disassembly tooling includes the following steps: Step 1: Lift the saddle-shaped bracket onto the coupling, adjust the adjustable L-shaped plates to an appropriate position according to the size of the coupling through the fastening bolts and fastening nuts, so that the vertical surfaces of the adjustable L-shaped plates clamp both sides of the coupling, and use the counter bolts on the hanging plates to press against both sides of the coupling to fix the saddle-shaped bracket on the coupling. Step 2: Use the hydraulic jack to push out the coupling bolts until the coupling bolts are smoothly taken out and ensure the integrity of the coupling and bolts. Step 3: If the coupling bolts are severely jammed and cannot be pushed out by the hydraulic jack, install the cutting device on the saddle-shaped bracket. Step 4: Start the cutting device to perform on-line cutting of the coupling bolts until the coupling bolts are cut and the remaining bolts are taken out to complete the disassembly of the coupling bolts.

[0012] Further, the maximum pressure for the hydraulic jack to push out the coupling bolts is 1.5t. Since the steam turbine coupling bolt removal tool and method of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme, that is, the top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket of the tool is provided with adjustable L-shaped plates at intervals, and hanging plates are respectively provided vertically at the two ends of the interior, and waist-shaped holes are provided at intervals on the adjustable L-shaped plates, and the fastening bolts are inserted into the waist-shaped holes from the bottom of the top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket and screwed into the fastening nuts located on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plates, and the hanging plates are provided with screw holes and screwed into the top bolts, and the hydraulic jack and the cutting device are respectively provided at the two ends of the outside of the saddle-shaped bracket, and the piston rod of the hydraulic jack and the cutting head of the cutting device extend into the interior of the saddle-shaped bracket. The method hoists the saddle-shaped bracket onto the coupling and tightens it; uses the hydraulic jack to push out the coupling bolts; if the coupling bolts are severely stuck and cannot be pushed out, installs the cutting device to the saddle-shaped bracket; starts the cutting device to cut the coupling bolts online until the coupling bolts are cut and the remaining bolts are removed, and the coupling bolts are removed. The tool and method overcome the defects of traditional coupling bolt disassembly operations, eliminate the risk of damage to the coupling and the connecting hole, improve the efficiency and safety of coupling bolt disassembly operations, and save equipment maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a steam turbine coupling bolt removal tool according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view of; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly tool installed on the coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Implementation example Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the steam turbine coupling bolt removal tool of the present invention includes a saddle-shaped bracket 1, a hydraulic jack 2 and a cutting device 3. The top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket 1 is movably provided with an adjustable L-shaped plate 11, and hanging plates 12 are respectively vertically provided at both ends of the interior. The top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate 11 is provided with waist-shaped holes 13 at intervals. The fastening bolts 14 penetrate into the waist-shaped holes 13 from the bottom of the top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket 1 and are screwed into the fastening nuts 15 located on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate 11. The hanging plate 12 is provided with screw holes and screwed into the top bolts 16. The hydraulic jack 2 and the cutting device 3 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the outside of the saddle-shaped bracket 1, and the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 2 and the cutting head of the cutting device 3 extend into the interior of the saddle-shaped bracket 1.

[0015] Preferably, the cutting device 3 includes a bracket 31, a motor 32, a feed rod 33, a feed handwheel 34, and a cutting tool head 35. The front end of the bracket 31 is provided on the outer end face of the saddle-shaped bracket 1. The motor 32 is provided at the tail end of the bracket 31. The feed rod 33 is arranged inside the bracket 31, and its tail end is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 32, and its front end extends out of the bracket 31 and is connected to the cutting tool head 35. The feed handwheel 34 is arranged on the side surface of the tail of the bracket 31 and drives the telescopic movement of the feed rod 33.

[0016] Preferably, the end face of the cylinder body of the hydraulic jack 2 and the end face of the bracket 31 of the cutting device 3 are respectively connected to the outer end face of the saddle-shaped bracket 1 by screws.

[0017] As Figure 4 shown, a method for disassembling the bolts of a steam turbine coupling based on the above disassembly tooling includes the following steps: Step 1: Lift the saddle-shaped bracket 1 onto the coupling 4. Adjust the adjustable L-shaped plate 11 to an appropriate position according to the size of the coupling 4 through the fastening bolts 14 and fastening nuts 15, so that the vertical surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate 11 clamps both sides of the coupling 4. Use the counter bolts 16 on the hanging plate 12 to press against both sides of the coupling 4, and fix the saddle-shaped bracket 1 on the coupling 4. Step 2: Use the hydraulic jack 2 to push out the coupling bolts 5 until the coupling bolts 5 are successfully removed and ensure that the coupling 4 and the bolts 5 are intact. Step 3: If the coupling bolts 5 are severely stuck and the hydraulic jack 2 still cannot push out the coupling bolts 5, install the cutting device 3 on the saddle-shaped bracket 1. Step 4: Start the cutting device 3 and perform on-line cutting on the coupling bolts 5 until the coupling bolts 5 are cut and the remaining bolts are taken out, completing the disassembly of the coupling bolts 5.

[0018] Preferably, the maximum pressure for the hydraulic jack 2 to push out the coupling bolts is 1.5t. If the coupling bolts still cannot be pushed out using a hydraulic jack with a pressure of 1.5t, do not continue to pressurize it. Continuing to pressurize will cause damage to the inner surface of the coupling connection hole, and in severe cases, the rotor needs to be repaired offline.

[0019] In this tooling, the waist-shaped holes on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate are used to adjust horizontally for couplings of different sizes, mainly couplings with different lengths. When the saddle-shaped bracket is lifted onto the coupling, the adjustable L-shaped plate adjusts the spacing through the fastening bolts and fastening nuts, and clamps the vertical surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate on both sides of the coupling to complete the positioning in the length direction. Then, use the counter bolts on the hanging plate to press against both sides of the coupling, thereby reliably fixing this tooling on the coupling, and then the hydraulic jack or the cutting device can be used to push out or cut the coupling bolts.

[0020] When applying this tooling and method, when the coupling bolts are not severely stuck, a hydraulic jack is used to push out the bolts, which can ensure the integrity of the coupling and the connecting holes. After confirming that the coupling bolts cannot be removed, on-line turning treatment is carried out on them to ensure the integrity of the steam turbine coupling and the connecting holes during the disassembly process, improve the operation efficiency and safety of removing the stuck coupling bolts, and save the equipment maintenance cost.

Claims

1. A dismounting tool for bolts of a steam turbine coupling, characterized in that: It includes a saddle-shaped bracket, a hydraulic jack and a cutting device. On the top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket, adjustable L-shaped plates are movably arranged at intervals, and hanging plates are respectively vertically arranged at both ends inside. Waist-shaped holes are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plates. A fastening bolt passes through the waist-shaped hole from the bottom of the top surface of the saddle-shaped bracket and is screwed into a fastening nut located on the top surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate. The hanging plate is provided with a threaded hole and a counter-bolt is screwed into it. The hydraulic jack and the cutting device are respectively arranged at both outer ends of the saddle-shaped bracket, and the piston rod of the hydraulic jack and the cutting tool head of the cutting device extend into the inside of the saddle-shaped bracket.

2. The steam turbine coupling bolt disassembly tooling according to claim 1, wherein: The cutting device includes a bracket, a motor, a feed rod, a feed handwheel and a cutting tool head. The front end of the bracket is arranged on the outer end face of the saddle-shaped bracket. The motor is arranged at the tail end of the bracket. The feed rod is arranged inside the bracket, the tail end is connected to the motor shaft, the front end extends out of the bracket and is connected to the cutting tool head. The feed handwheel is arranged on the side of the tail of the bracket and drives the telescopic movement of the feed rod.

3. The steam turbine coupling bolt disassembly tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The end face of the cylinder body of the hydraulic jack and the end face of the bracket of the cutting device are respectively connected to the outer end face of the saddle-shaped bracket by screws.

4. A method for disassembling the bolts of a steam turbine coupling based on the disassembly tooling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step 1: Lift the saddle-shaped bracket onto the coupling. Adjust the adjustable L-shaped plate to an appropriate position according to the size of the coupling through the fastening bolt and the fastening nut, so that the vertical surface of the adjustable L-shaped plate clamps both sides of the coupling. Use the counter-bolt on the hanging plate to press against both sides of the coupling to fix the saddle-shaped bracket on the coupling. Step 2: Use the hydraulic jack to push out the coupling bolt until the coupling bolt is successfully taken out and ensure that the coupling and the bolt are intact. Step 3: If the coupling bolt is severely jammed and the hydraulic jack still cannot push out the coupling bolt, install the cutting device on the saddle-shaped bracket. Step 4: Start the cutting device to perform on-line cutting on the coupling bolt until the coupling bolt is cut and the remaining bolt is taken out after cutting to complete the disassembly of the coupling bolt.

5. The method for disassembling the steam turbine coupling bolts according to claim 4, wherein: The maximum pressure for the hydraulic jack to push out the coupling bolt is 1.5t.

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