Electric vehicle battery mounting unit and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric vehicle battery mounting unit and an electric vehicle. Connecting plates are arranged at the lower parts of two side surfaces of the battery pack; a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the upper surfaces of the connecting plates; a pressing plate is arranged above the connecting plate, positioning columns matched with the positioning holes are arranged on the lower surface of the pressing plate, a supporting frame is arranged above the pressing plate, a driving shaft in clearance fit with the supporting frame is arranged on the supporting frame, a transmission mechanism used for driving the pressing plate to move up and down is arranged on the driving shaft, and an anti-rotation hole with a rectangular section is formed in the supporting frame. A locking column with a rectangular section is arranged at the end, facing the anti-rotation hole, of the driving shaft, and when the driving shaft moves in the axial direction, the locking column can enter and exit from the anti-rotation hole. The multiple positioning columns can prevent the battery pack from shaking horizontally, the pressing plate can prevent the battery pack from shaking up and down, and it is guaranteed that the battery pack is stably positioned. In addition, the driving shaft can be manually operated, power facilities such as a motor do not need to be adopted, the structure is simplified, and cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle parts, in particular to an electric vehicle battery installation unit and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The large battery capacity of electric vehicles results in a long charging time, which requires car owners to wait for a long time, affecting the user experience. Therefore, some electric vehicles have detachable batteries. When the battery is exhausted, it can be directly replaced with a fully charged battery at a battery swap station.

[0003] The existing battery installation structure can refer to the invention patent power battery installation structure and automobile with application number CN202110650280.0. The power battery is detachably installed on the seat body through the battery connector. In order to ensure the reliability of the power battery installation and facilitate disassembly, a fixing structure is set. The fixing structure includes two clamping members separated on both sides of the first end of the battery connector. The spacing between the two clamping members is adjustable. When the power battery needs to be fixed, the two clamping members are brought close to each other to clamp the battery connector. When the power battery needs to be disassembled, the two clamping members are moved away from each other and the connector is removed from the seat body. The power battery installation structure proposed by the present invention has a simple structure and can easily disassemble the power battery. Among them, the clamping member is driven by a screw rod, and the driving mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate through a pair of bevel gears, and the screw rod can drive the two clamping members to move toward or in the opposite direction. The driving mechanism can use a motor, but the motor needs to be powered to be used, which increases energy consumption and structural complexity. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle battery installation unit and an electric vehicle, which can facilitate the disassembly and installation of batteries and do not require power-consuming equipment.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an electric vehicle battery installation unit comprises a support plate and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is located on the upper surface of the support plate;

[0006] A connecting plate is provided at the lower part of the two side surfaces of the battery pack, a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the upper surface of the connecting plate, and the lower surface of the connecting plate is in contact with the support plate;

[0007] A pressure plate is arranged above the connecting plate, a positioning column adapted to the positioning hole is arranged on the lower surface of the pressure plate, a support frame is arranged above the pressure plate, a driving shaft which is loosely matched with the support frame is arranged on the support frame, a transmission mechanism for driving the pressure plate to move up and down is arranged on the driving shaft, an anti-rotation hole with a rectangular cross-section is arranged on the support frame, a locking column with a rectangular cross-section is arranged on one end of the driving shaft facing the anti-rotation hole, and the locking column can enter and exit the anti-rotation hole when the driving shaft moves axially.

[0008] Further, the transmission mechanism is a cam fixedly arranged on the drive shaft, and the upper surface of the pressing plate is connected to the support frame through a spring.

[0009] Further, a vertical guide post is arranged on the support frame or the support plate, and the guide post penetrates through the pressing plate and is in sliding fit with the pressing plate.

[0010] Further, a vertical first limiting plate is arranged on the support frame above the drive shaft, a vertical second limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the pressing plate, and a third limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the drive shaft. When the vertex of the cam moves to the highest point, the third limiting plate abuts against the first limiting plate, and when the vertex of the cam moves to the lowest point, the third limiting plate abuts against the second limiting plate.

[0011] Further, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are arranged on the support plate, and a heat dissipation column is arranged in each heat dissipation hole. The heat dissipation column is enclosed by a bottom plate, a top plate and a plurality of side plates to form a sealed heat conduction cavity. A first working medium is filled in the heat conduction cavity, and a first capillary structure layer is arranged on the inner walls of the bottom plate, the top plate and the side plates.

[0012] Further, a heat dissipation plate is arranged above the battery pack, and the side of the heat dissipation plate is connected to the pressing plate through a connecting strip.

[0013] Further, the heat dissipation plate includes a heat absorption seat and a cover plate. The heat absorption seat and the cover plate enclose a sealed heat dissipation cavity. A second working medium is filled in the heat dissipation cavity, a second capillary mechanism layer is arranged on the inner wall of the heat dissipation cavity, and a plurality of vertical support columns are arranged between the heat absorption seat and the cover plate.

[0014] Further, a plurality of guide holes are arranged on the cover plate, and a telescopic heat conduction sleeve in sliding fit with the guide hole is arranged in each guide hole. The lower port of the telescopic heat conduction sleeve communicates with the heat dissipation cavity, and the upper port of the telescopic heat conduction sleeve is closed.

[0015] Further, the guide hole is a stepped hole, an inner limiting ring plate is arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the telescopic heat conduction sleeve, and an outer limiting ring plate is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the telescopic heat conduction sleeve.

[0016] An electric vehicle, including the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery installation unit.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The drive shaft of the present invention is in clearance fit with the support frame, enabling the drive shaft to move axially and rotate around its own center line. When the drive shaft rotates, it can drive the pressure plate to move downward through the transmission mechanism, so that each positioning post is inserted into the positioning hole, and the pressure plate can press the connecting plate tightly, keeping the connecting plate and the battery pack fixed. When it is necessary to loosen the battery pack, the drive shaft can be rotated in the reverse direction. After the battery pack is tightly fixed, the drive shaft can be axially moved so that the locking post at the end of the drive shaft is inserted into the anti-rotation hole. Since the cross-sections of the anti-rotation hole and the locking post are rectangular, the drive shaft can be prevented from automatically rotating, thus ensuring the stable fixation of the battery pack.

[0018] Multiple positioning posts of the present invention can prevent the battery pack from shaking horizontally, and the pressure plate can prevent the battery pack from shaking vertically, ensuring the stable positioning of the battery pack. In addition, the drive shaft of the present invention can be manually operated without using power facilities such as motors, which simplifies the structure and reduces the cost, and can also be used normally without power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a top view schematic diagram of the electric vehicle battery installation unit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F in

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic diagram of part D in

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic diagram of part E in

[0026] Reference Numerals: 1 - support plate; 2 - battery pack; 21 - connecting plate; 3 - pressing plate; 31 - positioning post; 32 - support frame; 33 - drive shaft; 34 - anti-rotation hole; 35 - locking post; 36 - cam; 37 - spring; 38 - guiding post; 39 - first limiting plate; 310 - second limiting plate; 311 - third limiting plate; 4 - heat dissipation post; 41 - bottom plate; 42 - top plate; 43 - side plate; 44 - first capillary structure layer; 5 - heat pipe; 51 - connecting strip; 52 - heat absorption seat; 53 - cover plate; 54 - second capillary mechanism layer; 55 - support post; 56 - telescopic heat conduction sleeve; 57 - inner limiting ring plate; 58 - outer limiting ring plate. Detailed Embodiment

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0028] The electric vehicle battery installation unit of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, includes a support plate 1 and a battery pack 2, and the battery pack 2 is located on the upper surface of the support plate 1. The support plate 1 is made of a metal plate with an appropriate thickness, such as a stainless steel plate, which has sufficient strength and bearing capacity to stably support the battery pack 2.

[0029] Connecting plates 21 are provided at the lower parts of the two side surfaces of the battery pack 2. The distance between the two side surfaces here is equal to the width of the battery pack 2. The length direction of the connecting plate 21 is the same as the length direction of the battery pack 2, and the thickness direction of the connecting plate 21 is the same as the thickness direction of the battery pack 2. Multiple positioning holes are provided on the upper surface of the connecting plate 21. The positioning holes are cylindrical holes, and can also be holes of various shapes such as frustum-shaped holes and rectangular holes. The positioning holes can be through holes or blind holes, and multiple positioning holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the connecting plate 21. The lower surface of the connecting plate 21 is attached to the support plate 1. The main body of the battery pack 2 can adopt any existing technology. On the basis of the existing technology, connecting plates 21 are added to the two side surfaces of the battery pack 2 shell, and the connecting plates 21 can be integrally formed with the battery pack 2 shell. The lower surfaces of both the connecting plate 21 and the battery pack 2 can be attached to the support plate 1.

[0030] Above the connecting plate 21, there is a pressing plate 3. The pressing plate 3 is horizontally arranged. On the lower surface of the pressing plate 3, there are positioning posts 31 adapted to the positioning holes. The number of the positioning posts 31 is the same as that of the positioning holes, and each positioning post 31 is directly above a positioning hole. When the pressing plate 3 moves downward, each positioning post 31 can enter the lower positioning hole. The height of the positioning post 31 is slightly less than the depth of the positioning hole, ensuring that after the positioning post 31 enters the positioning hole, the pressing plate 3 can still press the connecting plate 21 tightly. Above the pressing plate 3, there is a support frame 32. The support frame 32 can be fixedly installed on the top of the battery installation space, or can be fixedly connected to the support plate 1 through a connecting rod. The pressing plate 3 can be slidably matched with the support frame 32. The support frame 32 positions the pressing plate 3 to ensure that the pressing plate 3 can move up and down stably. On the support frame 32, there is a driving shaft 33 with a clearance fit with the support frame 32. The driving shaft 33 has a clearance fit with the support frame 32, that is, the driving shaft 33 can both axially slide and rotate along its own center line. On the driving shaft 33, there is a transmission mechanism for driving the pressing plate 3 to move up and down. When the driving shaft 33 rotates in one direction, the pressing plate 3 can be driven to move downward through the transmission mechanism to tightly press the connecting plate 21; when the driving shaft 33 rotates in the reverse direction, the pressing plate 3 can be reset upward.

[0031] After the connecting plate 21 is tightly pressed, in order to prevent the driving shaft 33 from automatically rotating due to vibration during driving, resulting in loosening of the connecting plate 21, the present invention is provided with an anti-rotation hole 34 with a rectangular cross-section on the support frame 32. One end of the driving shaft 33 facing the anti-rotation hole 34 is provided with a locking post 35 with a rectangular cross-section. When the driving shaft 33 axially moves, the locking post 35 can enter and exit the anti-rotation hole 34. After the locking post 35 of the driving shaft 33 extends into the anti-rotation hole 34, the driving shaft 33 can no longer rotate around its own center line, which can prevent the pressing plate 3 from loosening the connecting plate 21.

[0032] The electric vehicle battery installation unit of the present invention is arranged in the battery installation space of the electric vehicle. One end of the battery installation space is provided with an openable and closable hatch. Opening the hatch allows the battery pack 2 to be installed or removed. The end of the driving shaft 33 provided with the locking post 35 is located at the end of the battery installation space away from the hatch, and the other end of the driving shaft 33 is located inside the hatch.

[0033] The usage process of the present invention is as follows: When it is necessary to install the battery pack 2, one end of the battery pack 2 is placed into the battery installation space. The battery pack 2 is supported by the support plate 1, and then the entire battery pack 2 is pushed into the battery installation space. At this time, the support plate 1 supports the entire battery pack 2 and its connection plate 21, and the connection plate 21 is located below the pressing plate 3. Then, the driving shaft 33 is rotated. The driving shaft 33 pushes the pressing plate 3 to move downward through the transmission mechanism. Each positioning post 31 enters the positioning hole, and at the same time, the pressing plate 3 presses the connection plate 21 tightly. Finally, the driving shaft 33 is pushed to axially move towards the inside of the battery installation space, so that the locking post 35 is inserted into the anti-rotation hole 34 to prevent the driving shaft 33 from automatically rotating and causing the pressing plate 3 to loosen the connection plate 21. After the battery is installed, the hatch of the battery installation space can be closed. The inner side of the hatch can press the end of the driving shaft 33 to prevent the driving shaft 33 from axially moving.

[0034] When it is necessary to remove the battery pack 2, open the hatch, pull the driving shaft 33 to axially move, so that the locking post 35 leaves the anti-rotation hole 34, and then rotate the driving shaft 33 in the reverse direction, so that the pressing plate 3 loosens the connection plate 21, and the positioning post 31 disengages from the positioning hole, then the battery pack 2 can be pulled out.

[0035] In the present invention, after each positioning post 31 is inserted into the positioning hole on the connection plate 21, it can prevent the connection plate 21 from horizontally shaking. After the pressing plate 3 presses the connection plate 21 tightly, it can prevent the connection plate 21 from vertically shaking, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire battery pack 2. In addition, the present invention does not need to be provided with power equipment such as motors, and can normally perform battery replacement operations in an environment lacking power, and simplifies the structure of the electric vehicle battery installation unit, reducing costs.

[0036] In order to rotate the driving shaft 33 more labor-savingly, an auxiliary tool can be used, such as a T-shaped wrench. A joint or socket for cooperating with the wrench is provided at one end of the driving shaft 33 away from the locking post 35. When it is necessary to rotate the driving shaft 33, the T-shaped wrench is cooperated with the joint or socket, and the T-shaped wrench is rotated to drive the driving shaft 33 to rotate labor-savingly. After the rotation is completed, the T-shaped wrench can be removed, and the T-shaped wrench can be stored in the trunk of the electric vehicle.

[0037] There are many transmission mechanisms that can convert rotational motion into linear motion. For example, the transmission mechanism can include a gear provided on the driving shaft 33 and a rack vertically provided on the pressing plate 3. The rack meshes with the gear. When the driving shaft 33 drives the gear to rotate, the gear can push the rack to move downward, thereby driving the pressing plate 3 to move downward. However, these mechanisms have the problem that sufficient pressing force cannot be guaranteed, and the driving shaft 33 not only needs to rotate, but also needs to axially move. When axially moving, it drives the transmission mechanism to move, and it is difficult for the transmission mechanism to stably transfer the pressure to the pressing plate 3.

[0038] In the present invention, the transmission mechanism is a cam 36 fixedly arranged on the drive shaft 33. The upper surface of the pressure plate 3 is connected to the support frame 32 through a spring 37. The cam 36 is always in contact with the upper surface of the pressure plate 3, and the cam 36 is in sliding fit with the pressure plate 3. When the vertex of the cam 36 rotates downward, the pressure plate 3 can be pushed downward to tightly press the connecting plate 21, and at this time the spring 37 elongates; when the vertex of the cam 36 rotates upward, the spring 37 pulls the pressure plate 3 upward to release the connecting plate 21. The vertex of the cam 36 is the point on the cam surface with the farthest distance from the rotation center of the cam 36. By using the cam 36 as the transmission mechanism, when the drive shaft 33 moves axially, the cam 36 slides on the upper surface of the pressure plate 3, and the pressing state of the pressure plate 3 can be maintained.

[0039] In order to prevent the pressure plate 3 from shaking in the horizontal direction, a vertical guide post 38 is provided on the support frame 32 or the support plate 1. The guide post 38 penetrates through the pressure plate 3 and is in sliding fit with the pressure plate 3. The guide post 38 plays a role in guiding and positioning, enabling the pressure plate 3 to maintain horizontal and move vertically up and down with high stability.

[0040] When the vertex of the cam 36 rotates downward to the lowest point, the thrust applied by the cam 36 to the pressure plate 3 reaches the maximum. When manually rotating the drive shaft 33, it is impossible to accurately control the rotation angle of the drive shaft 33 to stop rotating when the vertex of the cam 36 is at the lowest point. To solve this problem, a vertical first limiting plate 39 is provided on the support frame 32 above the drive shaft 33, a vertical second limiting plate 310 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the pressure plate 3, and a vertical third limiting plate 311 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the drive shaft 33. When the vertex of the cam 36 moves to the highest point, the third limiting plate 311 abuts against the first limiting plate 39, and when the vertex of the cam 36 moves to the lowest point, the third limiting plate 311 abuts against the second limiting plate 310. The third limiting plate 311 is arranged at the middle position of the drive shaft 33, and there are two cams 36, which are arranged at positions relatively close to the ends of the drive shaft 33.

[0041] During the process of rotating the drive shaft 33, when the third limiting plate 311 abuts against the second limiting plate 310, the third limiting plate 311 is blocked by the second limiting plate 310 and cannot continue to rotate. At this time, the rotation can be stopped. The vertex of the cam 36 moves to the lowest point, the thrust of the cam 36 on the pressure plate 3 reaches the maximum, and the pressure plate 3 is at the lowest position. At the same time, when the third limiting plate 311 abuts against the second limiting plate 310, the locking post 35 aligns with the anti-rotation hole 34 and can be inserted into the anti-rotation hole 34. During the reverse rotation of the drive shaft 33, when the third limiting plate 311 abuts against the first limiting plate 39, it indicates that the vertex of the cam 36 moves to the highest point and the pressure plate 3 is at the highest position, and the battery pack 2 can be taken out.

[0042] When the battery pack 2 supplies power to the electrical equipment on the electric vehicle, heat is generated, causing the temperature of the battery pack 2 to rise, affecting the service life of the battery pack 2, and increasing energy consumption. Therefore, a heat dissipation structure is usually required. In the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are provided on the support plate 1. The heat dissipation holes can be rectangular holes or circular holes, and the heat dissipation holes are through holes. A heat dissipation column 4 is arranged in each heat dissipation hole. The heat dissipation column 4 is surrounded by a bottom plate 41, a top plate 42, and a plurality of side plates 43 to form a sealed heat conduction cavity. A first working medium is filled in the heat conduction cavity. The inner walls of the bottom plate 41, the top plate 42, and the side plates 43 are all provided with a first capillary structure layer 44. The upper surface of the top plate 42 is flush with the upper surface of the support plate 1 to ensure that the top plate 42 can fit the lower surface of the battery pack 2, so that the heat generated by the battery pack 2 can be transmitted to the top plate 42. The lower surface of the bottom plate 41 is lower than the lower surface of the support plate 1 to facilitate heat dissipation of the bottom plate 41. The bottom plate 41 and the top plate 42 are made of materials with relatively high thermal conductivity, such as copper. The inside of the heat dissipation column 4 is in negative pressure, and pure water is filled as the first working medium. The first capillary structure layer 44 can be a copper powder layer formed by sintering, which is used to absorb the first working medium and promote the circulation of the first working medium.

[0043] When the battery pack 2 generates heat, the heat is transferred to the top plate 42. The first working medium on the inner wall of the top plate 42 absorbs heat and vaporizes. The gaseous first working medium flows to the bottom plate 41 and liquefies when it meets the cold at the bottom plate 41, and then flows back to the top plate 42 under the action of the first capillary structure layer 44 to achieve circulation.

[0044] The heat dissipation column 4 can promote the heat dissipation of the bottom of the battery pack 2. To promote the heat dissipation of the top of the battery pack 2, a heat pipe 5 is provided above the battery pack 2. The side of the heat pipe 5 is connected to the pressing plate 3 through a connecting strip 51. When the pressing plate 3 moves downward, the heat pipe 5 is driven to move downward through the connecting strip 51. After the pressing plate 3 presses the connecting plate 21, the heat pipe 5 fits the top surface of the battery pack 2. The lower surface of the heat pipe 5 can absorb the heat generated by the battery pack 2 and transfer the heat to the upper surface of the heat pipe 5, promoting the heat dissipation of the top of the battery pack 2 and making the temperature of the entire top surface of the battery pack 2 uniform at the same time.

[0045] A cavity with an appropriate height is reserved above the heat pipe 5 and below the heat dissipation column 4 to ensure the heat dissipation effect. To improve the heat dissipation efficiency, the air circulation above the heat pipe 5 and at the lower end of the heat dissipation column 4 can be promoted. For example, ventilation openings can be provided at one end of the battery installation space facing the front of the electric vehicle and at one end facing the rear of the vehicle. When the electric vehicle is running, air can enter the battery installation space through the ventilation holes, and then flow on both sides of the battery pack 2, above the heat pipe 5, and below the heat dissipation column 4 to take away the heat.

[0046] At present, there are various heat pipes 5 on the market. The present invention can adopt any existing technology. As a preferred embodiment, the heat pipe 5 includes a heat absorption seat 52 and a cover plate 53. The heat absorption seat 52 and the cover plate 53 enclose a sealed heat pipe cavity. The heat pipe cavity is evacuated, and a second working medium is filled in the heat pipe cavity. The second working medium can be pure water. A second capillary structure layer 54 is provided on the inner wall of the heat pipe cavity. The second capillary structure layer 54 can be a copper mesh layer formed by sintering. A plurality of vertical support columns 55 are provided between the heat absorption seat 52 and the cover plate 53. The support columns 55 are used to support the cover plate 53 to prevent the center of the cover plate 53 from sagging downward. A capillary structure layer can also be provided on the outer wall of the support columns 55 to promote the second working medium on the cover plate 53 to flow back to the heat absorption seat 52 along the support columns 55. The heat absorption seat 52 can absorb the heat generated by the battery pack 2 and promote the gasification of the second working medium on the inner wall of the heat absorption seat 52. After the second working medium is gasified, it fills the entire heat pipe cavity. When the second working medium contacts the cover plate 53, it is liquefied by cooling and then flows back to the heat absorption seat 52.

[0047] When an electric vehicle travels in an environment with a relatively high temperature (such as a highway with a relatively high temperature in summer), the heat dissipation requirement for the battery pack 2 is higher, but the heat dissipation speed of the conventional heat pipe 5 is fixed and cannot be automatically adjusted. In order to meet the heat dissipation requirement in a high-temperature environment, it is usually necessary to increase the thickness of the heat pipe 5, thereby increasing the weight of the heat pipe 5, which is inconvenient for transportation and installation.

[0048] In the present invention, a plurality of guiding holes are provided on the cover plate 53. A telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 that is slidably matched with the guiding holes is provided in each guiding hole. The lower port of the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 communicates with the heat pipe cavity, and the upper port of the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 is closed. When the heat pipe 5 is not working, the temperature in the heat pipe cavity is normal temperature, and the pressure in the heat pipe cavity is negative pressure. Under the action of the external air pressure, most of the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 is located inside the heat pipe cavity, and the thickness of the entire heat pipe cavity is small, occupying little space, which is convenient for transporting and installing the heat pipe 5. When the heat pipe 5 works, the second working medium in the heat pipe cavity is gasified, and the air pressure in the heat pipe cavity rises. When the battery pack 2 generates more heat and has a higher temperature, the gasification of the second working medium intensifies, and the air pressure in the heat pipe cavity also rises. When the air pressure in the heat pipe cavity is higher than the external air pressure, under the action of the pressure difference, the internal air pressure will push the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 to slide outward, so that the upper section of the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 extends out of the guiding hole. When the upper section of the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 is exposed outside the heat pipe 5, it can increase the contact area with the external cold air, better conduct heat exchange with the outside, and promote the rapid liquefaction of the gaseous second working medium inside the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56. The inner wall of the telescopic heat conducting sleeve 56 is made smooth, and the liquefied second working medium flows to the cover plate 53 under the action of gravity, and then returns to the heat absorption seat 52 along the second capillary structure layer 54 or the support columns 55.

[0049] It can be seen that the heat pipe 5 of the present invention can automatically adjust the heat dissipation speed when the battery pack 2 generates more heat, meeting the heat dissipation requirement.

[0050] To limit the axial position of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve 56 and prevent the whole telescopic heat-conducting sleeve 56 from entering the guide hole or moving entirely outside the guide hole, the guide hole is a stepped hole, the diameter of the inner port of the stepped hole is larger than that of the outer port, an inner limiting ring plate 57 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve 56, and an outer limiting ring plate 58 is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve 56. The inner limiting ring plate 57 can be attached to the stepped surface of the stepped hole to prevent the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve 56 from sliding excessively outwards; the outer limiting ring plate 58 can be attached to the outer end surface of the stepped hole to prevent the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve 56 from sliding excessively inwards.

[0051] The electric vehicle of the present invention includes the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery installation unit.

[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Electric vehicle battery installation unit, comprising a support plate (1) and a battery pack (2), the battery pack (2) being located on the upper surface of the support plate (1); characterized in that: Lower parts of both side surfaces of the battery pack (2) are provided with connecting plates (21), upper surfaces of the connecting plates (21) are provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and lower surfaces of the connecting plates (21) are in contact with the support plate (1); Above the connecting plates (21) is provided a pressing plate (3), lower surfaces of the pressing plate (3) are provided with positioning posts (31) adapted to the positioning holes, above the pressing plate (3) is provided a support frame (32), on the support frame (32) is provided a driving shaft (33) in clearance fit with the support frame (32), on the driving shaft (33) is provided a transmission mechanism for driving the pressing plate (3) to move up and down, on the support frame (32) is provided an anti-rotation hole (34) with a rectangular cross-section, one end of the driving shaft (33) facing the anti-rotation hole (34) is provided with a locking post (35) with a rectangular cross-section, when the driving shaft (33) axially moves, the locking post (35) can enter and exit the anti-rotation hole (34).

2. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism is a cam (36) fixedly arranged on the driving shaft (33), and the upper surface of the pressing plate (3) is connected to the support frame (32) through a spring (37).

3. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the support frame (32) or the support plate (1) is provided a vertical guide post (38), the guide post (38) penetrates through the pressing plate (3) and is in sliding fit with the pressing plate (3).

4. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 2, wherein: On the support frame (32) above the driving shaft (33) is provided a vertical first limiting plate (39), on the upper surface of the pressing plate (3) is fixedly provided a vertical second limiting plate (310), and on the outer wall of the driving shaft (33) is fixedly provided a third limiting plate (311). When the apex of the cam (36) moves to the highest point, the third limiting plate (311) is in contact with the first limiting plate (39), and when the apex of the cam (36) moves to the lowest point, the third limiting plate (311) is in contact with the second limiting plate (310).

5. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the support plate (1) are provided a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and in each heat dissipation hole is provided a heat dissipation column (4). The heat dissipation column (4) is surrounded by a bottom plate (41), a top plate (42) and a plurality of side plates (43) to form a closed heat conduction cavity. The heat conduction cavity is filled with a first working medium, and inner walls of the bottom plate (41), the top plate (42) and the side plates (43) are all provided with a first capillary structure layer (44).

6. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: Above the battery pack (2) is provided a heat pipe plate (5), and the side of the heat pipe plate (5) is connected to the pressing plate (3) through a connecting strip (51).

7. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat pipe plate (5) comprises a heat absorption seat (52) and a cover plate (53), the heat absorption seat (52) and the cover plate (53) enclose a closed heat pipe cavity. The heat pipe cavity is filled with a second working medium, inner walls of the heat pipe cavity are provided with a second capillary mechanism layer (54), and between the heat absorption seat (52) and the cover plate (53) are provided a plurality of vertical support columns (55).

8. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cover plate (53) is provided with a plurality of guide holes, and each guide hole is provided with a telescopic heat-conducting sleeve (56) that is slidably matched with the guide hole. The lower port of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve (56) communicates with the temperature equalizing chamber, and the upper port of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve (56) is closed.

9. The electric vehicle battery installation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide hole is a stepped hole. An inner limiting ring plate (57) is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve (56), and an outer limiting ring plate (58) is provided on the outer wall of the upper end of the telescopic heat-conducting sleeve (56).

10. Electric vehicle, characterized in that: It includes the electric vehicle battery installation unit described in claim 1.

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